IAAF Anti-Doping Rules, in Force As From 1 January2019

2019
IAAF ANTI-DOPING RULES
(In force from 1 January 2019)

ARTICLE 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 The IAAF is a Signatory to the World Anti-Doping Code ("Code") and these Anti-Doping
Rules are adopted by the IAAF Council in compliance with the mandatory provisions of the
2015 Code and in furtherance of the IAAF's continuing efforts to eradicate doping in
Athletics.
1.2 In accordance with Article 16.1 of the 2017 IAAF Constitution, the IAAF established an
Athletics Integrity Unit ("Integrity Unit") with effect from 3 April 2017 whose role is to
protect the integrity of Athletics, including fulfilling the IAAF's obligations as a Signatory to
the Code. The IAAF has delegated implementation of these Anti-Doping Rules to the
Integrity Unit, including but not limited to the following activities in respect of International-
Level Athletes and Athlete Support Personnel: Education, Testing, Investigations, Results
Management, Hearings, Sanctions and Appeals. The references in these Anti-Doping Rules to
the IAAF shall, where applicable, be references to the Integrity Unit (or to the relevant
person, body or functional area within the Unit).
1.3 The Integrity Unit Board appoints the Head of the Integrity Unit who shall have responsibility
for the day to day administration of the anti-doping programme in accordance with these
Anti-Doping Rules. In particular, the Head of the Integrity Unit shall be the person who
oversees the Testing and investigation of International-Athletes in accordance with Article 5
(including overseeing the day to day implementation of the Test Distribution Plan) as well as
the results management process in the case of International-Level Athletes and Athlete
Support Personnel in accordance with Article 7. The Head of the Integrity Unit may at any
time in the course of his work seek an advisory opinion from the Integrity Unit Board or from
such other person as he considers to be appropriate.
1.4 The IAAF has established a Disciplinary Tribunal to hear Anti-Doping Rule Violations under
these Anti-Doping Rules.
1.5 These Anti-Doping Rules shall apply to the IAAF and to each of its National Federations and
Area Associations. All National Federations and Area Associations shall comply with the
Anti-Doping Rules and Anti-Doping Regulations. The Anti-Doping Rules and Anti-Doping
Regulations shall be incorporated either directly, or by reference, into the rules or regulations
of each National Federation and Area Association, and each National Federation and Area
Association shall include in its rules the procedural regulations necessary to implement the
Anti-Doping Rules and Anti-Doping Regulations effectively (and any changes that may be
made to them). The rules of each National Federation and Area Association shall specifically
provide that all Athletes and other Persons under its jurisdiction shall be bound by the Anti-
Doping Rules and Anti-Doping Regulations, including submitting to the results management
authority set out in such rules.
1.6 These Anti-Doping Rules also apply to the following Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and
other Persons, each of whom is deemed, as a condition of his membership, accreditation
and/or participation in the sport, to have agreed to be bound by these Anti-Doping Rules, and
to have submitted to the authority of the Integrity Unit to enforce these Anti-Doping Rules:
(a) all Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons who are members of a
National Federation or of any member or affiliate organisation of a National
Federation (including any clubs, teams, associations or leagues);
(b) all Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons participating in such
capacity in Competitions and other activities organized, convened, authorized or
recognized by (i) the IAAF (ii) any National Federation or any member or affiliate
IAAF Anti-Doping Rules 2019

(In force from 1 January 2019) 1
organization of any National Federation (including any clubs, teams, associations or
leagues) or (iii) any Area Association, wherever held;
(c) all Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons working with, treating or assisting an
Athlete participating in his sporting capacity; and
(d) any other Athlete, Athlete Support Person or other Person who, by virtue of an
accreditation, licence or other contractual arrangement, or otherwise, is subject to the
jurisdiction of the IAAF, of any National Federation (or any member or affiliate
organization of any National Federation, including any clubs, teams, associations or
leagues) or of any Area Association, for purposes of anti-doping.
1.7 All Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons shall be responsible for knowing
what constitutes an Anti-Doping Rule Violation under these Anti-Doping Rules and for
knowing the substances and methods included on the Prohibited List.
1.8 Within the overall pool of Athletes set out above who are bound by and required to comply
with these Anti-Doping Rules, each of the following Athletes shall be considered to be an
International-Level Athlete ("International-Level Athlete") for the purposes of these Anti-
Doping Rules and therefore the specific provisions in these Anti-Doping Rules applicable to
International-Level Athletes shall apply to such Athletes:
(a) An Athlete who is in the International Registered Testing Pool;
(b) An Athlete who is entered for or is competing in any of the following International
Competitions:
(i) World Athletics Series Competitions;
(ii) The Athletics programme of the Olympic Games;
(iii) Area Senior Championships (indoor and outdoor);
(iv) International Invitation Meetings in accordance with Rule 1.1(e);
(v) IAAF Permit Meetings;
(vi) IAAF Label Road Races (limited to those athletes with Gold, Silver and
Bronze status as determined by the IAAF); and
(vii) such other International Competitions as shall be determined by the Integrity

Unit;
(c) Any other Athlete whose asserted Anti-Doping Rule Violation results from (i)
Testing conducted under the Testing Authority of the IAAF; (ii) an investigation
conducted by the IAAF or (iii) any of the other circumstances in which the IAAF has
results management authority under Article 7.
The Integrity Unit shall publish the International Registered Testing Pool and the list of the
International Competitions on its website.
1.9 The Integrity Unit shall make reasonable efforts to notify Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel
and other Persons directly under these Anti-Doping Rules. However, any notice given under
these Anti-Doping Rules to an Athlete, Athlete Support Person or other Person who is under
the jurisdiction of a National Federation may be accomplished by delivery of the notice to the

National Federation concerned. The National Federation shall be responsible for making
immediate contact with the Athlete, Athlete Support Person or other Person to whom the
notice is applicable.
1.10 It is the responsibility of each National Federation to ensure that all national-level In and Out-
of-Competition Testing on its Athletes and the management of results from such Testing
complies with the Anti-Doping Rules and Regulations. It is recognized that, in some
Countries, the National Federation will conduct the Testing and results management process
itself whilst, in others, some or all of the National Federation's responsibilities may be
delegated or assigned (either by the National Federation itself or under applicable national
legislation or regulation) to a National Anti-Doping Organisation or other third party. In
respect of these Countries, references in these Anti-Doping Rules to the Member or National
Federation (or its relevant officers) shall, where applicable, be a reference to the National
Anti-Doping organization or other third party (or its relevant officers).
1.11 The IAAF Council may amend these Anti-Doping Rules from time to time upon
recommendation of the Integrity Unit Board or following consultation with the Integrity Unit
Board. Such amendments shall come into effect on the date specified by the IAAF Council.
1.12 The effective date of these Anti-Doping Rules is 1 January 2019 (the "Effective Date").

ARTICLE 2 ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS
The purpose of Article 2 is to specify the circumstances and conduct which constitute Anti-Doping
Rule Violations. Hearings in doping cases will proceed based on the assertion that one or more of
these specific rules have been violated.
Doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the following (each an “Anti-Doping Rule
Violation”):
2.1 Presence of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in an Athlete’s Sample
2.1.1 It is each Athlete’s duty to ensure that no Prohibited Substance enters his body.
Athletes are responsible for any Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers
found to be present in their Samples. Accordingly, it is not necessary that intent,
Fault, negligence or knowing Use on the Athlete’s part be demonstrated in order to
establish an Anti-Doping Rule Violation under Article 2.1.
2.1.2 Sufficient proof of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation under Article 2.1 is established
by any of the following: presence of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or
Markers in the Athlete’s A Sample where the Athlete waives analysis of the B
Sample and the B Sample is not analyzed; or, where the Athlete’s B Sample is
analyzed and the analysis of the Athlete’s B Sample confirms the presence of the
Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers found in the Athlete’s A
Sample; or, where the Athlete’s B Sample is split into two bottles and the analysis
of the second bottle confirms the presence of the Prohibited Substance or its
Metabolites or Markers found in the first bottle.
2.1.3 Except for those substances for which a quantitative threshold is specifically
identified in the Prohibited List, the presence of any quantity of a Prohibited
Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in an Athlete’s Sample shall constitute an
Anti-Doping Rule Violation.
2.1.4 As an exception to the general rule of Article 2.1, the Prohibited List or
International Standards may establish special criteria for the evaluation of
Prohibited Substances that can also be produced endogenously.
2.2 Use or Attempted Use by an Athlete of a Prohibited Substance or a Prohibited Method
2.2.1 It is each Athlete’s personal duty to ensure that no Prohibited Substance enters his
body and that no Prohibited Method is Used. Accordingly, it is not necessary that
intent, Fault, negligence or knowing Use on the Athlete’s part be demonstrated in
order to establish an Anti-Doping Rule Violation for Use of a Prohibited Substance
or a Prohibited Method.
2.2.2 The success or failure of the Use or Attempted Use of a Prohibited Substance or
Prohibited Method is not material. It is sufficient that the Prohibited Substance or
Prohibited Method was Used or Attempted to be Used for an Anti-Doping Rule
Violation to be committed.
2.3 Evading, Refusing or Failing to Submit to Sample Collection
Evading Sample collection, or without compelling justification, refusing or failing to submit

to Sample collection after notification as authorized in these Anti-Doping Rules or other
applicable anti-doping rules.

2.4 Whereabouts Failures
Any combination of three Missed Tests and/or Filing Failures, as defined in the International
Standard for Testing and Investigations, within a twelve-month period by an Athlete in a
Registered Testing Pool.
2.5 Tampering or Attempted Tampering with any part of Doping Control
Conduct which subverts the Doping Control process but which would not otherwise be
included in the definition of Prohibited Methods. Tampering shall include, without limitation,
intentionally interfering or attempting to interfere with a Doping Control official, providing
fraudulent information to an Anti-Doping Organization, or intimidating or attempting to
intimidate a potential witness.
2.6 Possession of a Prohibited Substance or a Prohibited Method
2.6.1 Possession by an Athlete In-Competition of any Prohibited Substance or any

Prohibited Method, or Possession by an Athlete Out-of-Competition of any
Prohibited Substance or any Prohibited Method which is prohibited Out-of-
Competition unless the Athlete establishes that the Possession is consistent with a
Therapeutic Use Exemption (“TUE”) granted in accordance with Article 4.4 or other
acceptable justification.
2.6.2 Possession by an Athlete Support Person In-Competition of any Prohibited Substance

or any Prohibited Method, or Possession by an Athlete Support Person Out-of-
Competition of any Prohibited Substance or any Prohibited Method which is
prohibited Out-of-Competition in connection with an Athlete, Competition or
training, unless the Athlete Support Person establishes that the Possession is
consistent with a TUE granted to an Athlete in accordance with Article 4.4 or other
acceptable justification.
2.7 Trafficking or Attempted Trafficking in any Prohibited Substance or Prohibited

Method
2.8 Administration or Attempted Administration to any Athlete In-Competition of any

Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method, or Administration or Attempted
Administration to any Athlete Out-of-Competition of any Prohibited Substance or any
Prohibited Method that is prohibited Out-of-Competition
2.9 Complicity
Assisting, encouraging, aiding, abetting, conspiring, covering up or any other type of

intentional complicity involving an Anti-Doping Rule Violation, Attempted or violation of
Article 10.11.1 by another Person.
2.10 Prohibited Association
2.10.1 Association by an Athlete or other Person subject to the authority of an Anti-

Doping Organization in a professional or sport-related capacity with any Athlete
Support Person who:
(a) if subject to the authority of an Anti-Doping Organization, is serving a period

of Ineligibility; or

(b) if not subject to the authority of an Anti-Doping Organization, and where
Ineligibility has not been addressed in a results management process pursuant to
the Code, has been convicted or found in a criminal, disciplinary or professional
proceeding to have engaged in conduct which would have constituted a violation
of anti-doping rules if Code-compliant rules had been applicable to such Person.
The disqualifying status of such Person shall be in force for the longer of six
years from the criminal, professional or disciplinary decision or the duration of
the criminal, disciplinary or professional sanction imposed; or
(c) is serving as a front or intermediary for an individual described in Article

2.10.1(a) or 2.10.1(b).
2.10.2 For the avoidance of doubt, this Article 2.10 applies even when the Athlete Support
Personnel's disqualifying conduct occurred prior to the Effective Date. In order for
this provision to apply, however, it is necessary that the Athlete or other Person has
previously been advised in writing by an Anti-Doping Organization with
jurisdiction over the Athlete or other Person, or by WADA, of the Athlete Support
Personnel’s disqualifying status and the potential Consequence of prohibited
association and that the Athlete or other Person can reasonably avoid the
association. The Anti-Doping Organization shall also use reasonable efforts to
advise the Athlete Support Personnel who is the subject of the notice to the Athlete
or other Person that the Athlete Support Person may, within 15 days, come forward
to the Anti-Doping Organization to explain that the criteria described in Articles
2.10.1(a) and 2.10.1(b) do not apply to him or her.
2.10.3 The burden shall be on the Athlete or other Person to establish that any association
with Athlete Support Personnel described in Article 2.10.1(a) or 2.10.1(b) is not in
a professional or sport-related capacity.
2.10.4 If the Integrity Unit or an Anti-Doping Organization becomes aware of Athlete

Support Personnel who meet the criteria described in Article 2.10.1(a), 2.10.1(b), or
2.10.1(c), they shall submit that information to WADA.
ARTICLE 3 PROOF OF DOPING
3.1 Burdens and Standards of Proof
The IAAF or other Anti-Doping Organisation shall have the burden of establishing that an
Anti-Doping Rule Violation has been committed. The standard of proof shall be whether the
IAAF has established the commission of the alleged Anti-Doping Rule Violation to the
comfortable satisfaction of the hearing panel, bearing in mind the seriousness of the allegation
that is made. This standard of proof in all cases is greater than a mere balance of probability
but less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt. Where these Anti-Doping Rules places the
burden of proof upon the Athlete or other Person alleged to have committed an Anti-Doping
Rule Violation to rebut a presumption or establish specified facts or circumstances, the
standard of proof shall be by a balance of probability.
3.2 Methods of Establishing Facts and Presumptions
Facts related to Anti-Doping Rule Violations may be established by any reliable means,
including admissions. The following rules of proof shall be applicable at hearings in doping
cases under these Anti-Doping Rules:
3.2.1 Analytical methods or decision limits approved by WADA after consultation within
the relevant scientific community and which have been the subject of peer review are

presumed to be scientifically valid. Any Athlete or other Person seeking to rebut this
presumption of scientific validity shall, as a condition precedent to any such
challenge, first notify WADA of the challenge and the basis of the challenge. CAS,
on its own initiative, may also inform WADA of any such challenge. At WADA's
request, the CAS panel shall appoint an appropriate scientific expert to assist the
panel in its evaluation of the challenge. WADA shall also have the right to intervene
as a party, appear amicus curiae, or otherwise provide evidence in such proceeding,
provided it gives notice thereof within 10 days of its receipt of the CAS file.
3.2.2 Compliance with an International Standard (as opposed to another alternative

standard, practice or procedure) shall be sufficient to conclude that the procedures
addressed by the International Standard were performed properly.
3.2.3 WADA-accredited laboratories, and other laboratories approved by WADA, are

presumed to have conducted Sample analysis and custodial procedures in compliance
with the International Standard for Laboratories. The Athlete or other Person may
rebut this presumption by establishing that a departure from the International
Standard for Laboratories occurred that could reasonably have caused the Adverse
Analytical Finding. In such an event, the IAAF shall have the burden to establish that
such departure did not cause the Adverse Analytical Finding.
3.2.4 Departures from any other International Standard, or other anti-doping rule or policy
set out in the Code or these Anti-Doping Rules that did not cause the facts alleged or
evidence cited in support of a charge (e.g., an Adverse Analytical Finding) shall not
invalidate such facts or evidence. If the Athlete or other Person establishes the
occurrence of a departure from an International Standard or other anti-doping rule or
policy set out in the Code or these Anti-Doping Rules that could reasonably have
caused the Adverse Analytical Finding or other facts alleged to constitute an Anti-
Doping Rule Violation, then the IAAF or other Anti-Doping Organisation shall have
the burden to establish that such departure did not cause such Adverse Analytical
Finding or the factual basis for the Anti-Doping Rule Violation.
3.2.5 The facts established by a decision of a court or professional disciplinary tribunal of

competent jurisdiction that is not the subject of a pending appeal shall be irrebuttable
evidence against the Athlete or other Person to whom the decision pertained of those
facts, unless that Athlete or other Person establishes that the decision violated
principles of natural justice.
3.2.6 A hearing panel in a hearing on an Anti-Doping Rule Violation may draw an

inference adverse to the Athlete or other Person charged with an Anti-Doping Rule
Violation based on the Athlete or other Person's refusal or failure (a) to respond to a
Demand or other questions put to him as part of an Article 5 investigation; or (b) after
a request made in a reasonable time in advance of the hearing, to appear at the
hearing (either in person or telephonically as directed by the panel) and to answer
questions from the hearing panel or other Anti-Doping Organisation asserting the
ARTICLE 4 THE PROHIBITED LIST AND TUES
4.1 Incorporation of the Prohibited List
4.1.1 These Anti-Doping Rules incorporate the Prohibited List, which is published and
revised by WADA as described in Article 4.1 of the Code.

4.1.2 Unless provided otherwise in the Prohibited List and/or a revision to the Prohibited
List, the Prohibited List and revisions shall go into effect under these Anti-Doping
Rules 3 months after publication by WADA, without requiring any further action by
the IAAF or its National Federations. All Athletes and other Persons shall be bound
by the Prohibited List, and any revisions thereto, from the date they go into effect,
without further formality. It is the responsibility of all Athletes and other Persons to
familiarize themselves with the most up-to-date version of the Prohibited List and all
revisions thereto.
4.1.3 The Prohibited List shall be available from the Integrity Unit and shall be published
on the Integrity Unit website. The Integrity Unit shall take reasonable steps to
publish any amendments made by WADA to the Prohibited List.
4.2 Prohibited Substances and Prohibited Methods Identified on the Prohibited List
4.2.1 Prohibited Substances and Prohibited Methods
The Prohibited List shall identify those Prohibited Substances and Prohibited Methods which
are prohibited as doping at all times (both In-Competition and Out-of-Competition) because
of their potential to enhance performance in future Competitions or their masking potential,
and those substances and methods which are prohibited In-Competition only. The Prohibited
List may be expanded by WADA for a particular sport. Prohibited Substances and Prohibited
Methods may be included in the Prohibited List by general category (e.g., anabolic agents) or
by specific reference to a particular substance or method.
4.2.2 Specified Substances
For purposes of the application of Article 10, all Prohibited Substances shall be Specified
Substances except substances in the classes of anabolic agents and hormones and those
stimulants and hormone antagonists and modulators so identified on the Prohibited List. The
category of Specified Substances shall not include Prohibited Methods.
4.2.3 New Classes of Prohibited Substances
In the event WADA expands the Prohibited List by adding a new class of Prohibited
Substances in accordance with Article 4.1, WADA’s Executive Committee shall determine
whether any or all Prohibited Substances within the new class of Prohibited Substances shall
be considered Specified Substances under Article 4.2.2.
4.3 WADA’s Determination of the Prohibited List
WADA’s determination of the Prohibited Substances and Prohibited Methods that will be
included on the Prohibited List, the classification of substances into categories on the
Prohibited List, and the classification of a substance as prohibited at all times or In-
Competition only, is final and shall not be subject to challenge by an Athlete or other Person
based on an argument that the substance or method was not a masking agent or did not have
the potential to enhance performance, represent a health risk or violate the spirit of sport.
4.4 Therapeutic Use Exemptions (“TUEs”)
4.4.1 In certain circumstances (set out in the International Standard for Therapeutic Use
Exemptions), Athletes may be granted permission to Use one or more Prohibited
Substances or Methods for therapeutic purposes (a “Therapeutic Use Exemption” or
“TUE”). The presence of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers,
and/or the Use or Attempted Use, Possession or Administration or Attempted

Administration of a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method, shall not be
considered an Anti-Doping Rule Violation if it is consistent with the provisions of a
TUE granted in accordance with the International Standard for Therapeutic Use
Exemptions.
4.4.2 An Athlete who is an International-Level Athlete must apply for a TUE to the
IAAF
(a) Where the Athlete already has a TUE granted by his National Federation (or
other competent authority to grant TUEs in the Country) for the substance or
method in question, if that TUE meets the criteria set out in the International
Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions, then the IAAF shall recognize it for
purposes of International Competition as well. If the IAAF considers that the
TUE does not meet those criteria and so refuses to recognize it, the IAAF shall
notify the Athlete and his National Federation (or other competent authority to
grant TUEs in the Country) promptly, with reasons. The Athlete and the
National Federation (or other competent authority to grant TUEs in the
Country) shall have 21 days from such notification to refer the matter to
WADA for review in accordance with Article 4.4.5. If the matter is referred to
WADA for review, the TUE granted by the National Federation (or other
competent authority to grant TUEs in the Country) remains valid for national-
level Competition and Out-of-Competition Testing (but is not valid for
international-level Competition) pending WADA’s decision. If the matter is
not referred to WADA for review, the TUE becomes invalid for any purpose
when the 21-day review deadline expires.
(b) If the Athlete does not already have a TUE granted by his National Federation
(or other competent authority to grant TUEs in the Country) for the substance
or method in question, the Athlete must apply directly to the IAAF for a TUE
in accordance with the process set out in the International Standard for
Therapeutic Use Exemptions. If the IAAF denies the Athlete’s application, it
must notify the Athlete promptly, with reasons. If the IAAF grants the
Athlete’s application, it shall notify not only the Athlete but also his National
Federation (or other competent authority to grant TUEs in the Country). If the
Country) considers that the TUE granted by the IAAF does not meet the criteria
set out in the International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions, it has 21
days from such notification to refer the matter to WADA for review in
accordance with Article 4.4.5. If the National Federation (or other competent
authority to grant TUEs in the Country) refers the matter to WADA for review,
the TUE granted by the IAAF remains valid for international-level Competition
and Out-of-Competition Testing (but is not valid for national-level
Competition) pending WADA’s decision. If the National Federation (or other
competent authority to grant TUEs in the Country) does not refer the matter to
WADA for review, the TUE granted by the IAAF becomes valid for national-
level Competition as well when the 21-day review deadline expires.
(c) An application to the IAAF for the grant or recognition of a TUE must be made
as soon as the need arises and in any event (save in emergency or exceptional
situations or where Article 4.3 of the International Standard for Therapeutic
Use Exemptions applies), at least thirty days before the Athlete's next
Competition. Details of the procedure for the application can be found in the
Anti-Doping Regulations. The IAAF shall appoint a panel to consider
applications for the grant or recognition of TUEs (the "IAAF TUE Sub-
Commission"). The IAAF TUE Sub-Commission shall promptly evaluate and

decide upon the application in accordance with the procedure in the Anti-
Doping Regulations. Its decision shall be the final decision of the IAAF and
shall be reported to WADA and other relevant Anti-Doping Organisations,
including the Athlete's National Federation, through ADAMS.
(d) An Athlete should not assume that his application for grant or recognition of a
TUE (or for renewal of a TUE) will be granted. Any Use or Possession or
Administration of a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method before an
application has been granted is entirely at the Athlete’s own risk.
(e) The submission of false or misleadingly incomplete information in support of a

TUE application (including but not limited to the failure to advise of the
unsuccessful outcome of a prior application to another Anti-Doping
Organization for such a TUE) may result in a charge of Tampering or
Attempted Tampering under Article 2.5.
4.4.3 An Athlete who is not an International-Level Athlete must apply for a TUE at
national level
(a) Athletes who are not International-Level Athletes must apply for a TUE from
their National Federation (or other competent authority to grant TUEs in the
Country). National Federations shall in all cases be responsible for reporting
promptly the grant of any TUEs under this Rule to the IAAF and to WADA
(through ADAMS or otherwise). If the IAAF chooses to test an Athlete who is
not an International-Level Athlete, the IAAF shall recognise a TUE granted to
that Athlete by his National Federation (or other competent authority to grant
TUEs in the Country or Territory).
(b) If the Integrity Unit chooses to test an Athlete who is not an International-Level
Athlete, the Integrity Unit shall recognize a TUE granted to that Athlete by his
Country). If the Integrity Unit chooses to test an Athlete who is not an
International-Level or a National-Level Athlete, the Integrity Unit may permit
that Athlete to apply for a retroactive TUE for any Prohibited Substance or
Prohibited Method that he is using for therapeutic reasons.
4.4.4 Expiration, Cancellation, Withdrawal or Reversal of a TUE
(a) A TUE granted pursuant to these Anti-Doping Rules: (a) shall expire
automatically at the end of any term for which it was granted, without the need
for any further notice or other formality; (b) may be cancelled if the Athlete
does not promptly comply with any requirements or conditions imposed by the
TUE Committee upon grant of the TUE; (c) may be withdrawn by the TUE
Committee if it is subsequently determined that the criteria for grant of a TUE
are not in fact met; or (d) may be reversed on review by WADA or on appeal.
(b) In such event, the Athlete shall not be subject to any Consequences based on
his/her Use or Possession or Administration of the Prohibited Substance or
Prohibited Method in question in accordance with the TUE prior to the
effective date of expiry, cancellation, withdrawal or reversal of the TUE. The
review pursuant to Article 7.2 of any subsequent Adverse Analytical Finding
shall include consideration of whether such finding is consistent with Use of
the Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method prior to that date, in which
event no shall be asserted.

4.4.5 Reviews and Appeals of TUE Decisions
(a) WADA shall review any decision by the IAAF not to recognize a TUE granted
by the National Anti-Doping Organization that is referred to WADA by the
Athlete or the Athlete’s National Anti-Doping Organization. In addition,
WADA shall review any decision by the IAAF to grant a TUE that is referred
to WADA by the Athlete’s National Anti-Doping Organization. WADA may
review any other TUE decisions at any time, whether upon request by those
affected or on its own initiative. If the TUE decision being reviewed meets the
criteria set out in the International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions,
WADA will not interfere with it. If the TUE decision does not meet those
criteria, WADA will reverse it.
(b) Any TUE decision by the IAAF (or by a National Anti-Doping Organization
where it has agreed to consider the application on behalf of the IAAF) that is
not reviewed by WADA, or that is reviewed by WADA but is not reversed
upon review, may be appealed by the Athlete and/or the Athlete’s National
Anti-Doping Organization exclusively to CAS, in accordance with Article 13.
(c) A decision by WADA to reverse a TUE decision may be appealed by the

Athlete, the National Anti-Doping Organization and/or the IAAF exclusively to
CAS, in accordance with Article 13.
(d) A failure to take action within a reasonable time on a properly submitted

application for grant or recognition of a TUE or for review of a TUE decision
shall be considered a denial of the application.
ARTICLE 5 TESTING AND INVESTIGATIONS
5.1 Purpose of Testing and Investigations
Testing and Investigations under these Anti-Doping Rules shall only be undertaken for anti-
doping purposes.
5.1.1 Testing shall be undertaken to obtain analytical evidence as to the Athlete’s

compliance (or non-compliance) with the strict Code prohibition on the presence/Use
of a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method. Test distribution planning, Testing,
post-Testing activity and all related activities conducted by the Integrity Unit shall be
in conformity with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations and the
TDDSA. The Integrity Unit shall determine the number of finishing placement tests,
random tests and target tests to be performed, in accordance with the criteria
established by the International Standard for Testing and Investigations and the
TDSSA. All provisions of the International Standard for Testing and Investigations
shall apply automatically in respect of all such Testing.
5.1.2 Investigations shall be undertaken:
(a) in relation to Atypical Findings and Adverse Passport Findings, in accordance

with Articles 7.4 and 7.5 respectively, gathering intelligence or evidence
(including, in particular, analytical evidence) in order to determine whether an
Anti-Doping Rule Violation has occurred under Article 2.1 and/or Article 2.2;
(b) in relation to Whereabouts Failures, in accordance with Article 7.6, gathering

intelligence or evidence (including, in particular, non-analytical evidence) in

order to determine whether an Anti-Doping Rule Violation has occurred under
any of Articles 2.4; and
(c) in relation to other indications of potential anti-doping rule violations,

gathering intelligence or evidence (including, in particular, non-analytical
evidence) in order to determine whether an Anti-Doping Rule Violation has
occurred under any of Articles 2.2 to 2.10.
5.2 Scope of Testing
5.2.1 Any Athlete who has not retired, including any Athlete serving a period of
Ineligibility, may be required to provide a Sample at any time and at any place by the
Integrity Unit or any Anti-Doping Organisation with Testing authority over him.
Subject to the jurisdictional limitations for Competition Testing set out in Article 5.3
of the Code:
(a) the IAAF shall have In-Competition and Out-of-Competition Testing authority
over all of the Athletes specified in the Introduction to these Anti-Doping
Rules;
(b) each National Anti-Doping Organisation shall have In-Competition and Out-of-
Competition Testing authority over all Athletes who are nationals, residents,
licence-holders or members of the sport organisations of that country or who
are present in that National Anti-Doping Organisation’s country;
(c) each Major Event Organisation, including the IOC, shall have In-Competition
Testing authority for its Competitions and Out-Of-Competition Testing
Authority over all Athletes entered in one of its future Competitions or who
have otherwise been made subject to the Testing authority of the Major Event
Organisation for a future Competition;
(d) WADA shall have In-Competition and Out-of-Competition Testing authority as

set out in Article 20 of the Code;
(e) If the Integrity Unit delegates or contracts any part of Testing to a National
Anti-Doping Organization (directly or through a National Federation), that
National Anti-Doping Organization may collect additional Samples or direct
the laboratory to perform additional types of analysis at the National Anti-
Doping Organization’s expense. If additional Samples are collected or
additional types of analysis are performed, the Integrity Unit shall be notified
of such, including notification of the results.
5.3 Test Distribution Planning
5.3.1 Consistent with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations, and in
coordination with other Anti-Doping Organizations conducting Testing on the same
Athletes, the Integrity Unit shall develop and implement an effective, intelligent and
proportionate test distribution plan that prioritizes appropriately between disciplines,
categories of Athletes, types of Testing, types of Samples collected, and types of Sample
analysis, all in compliance with the requirements of the International Standard for
Testing and Investigations and the TDSSA. The Integrity Unit shall provide WADA
upon request with a copy of the IAAF's current Test Distribution Plan.

5.3.2 In finalising the IAAF Test Distribution Plan, the Integrity Unit shall have regard to the
level of Testing that is already being conducted at national level by the National
Federation and/or by the relevant National Anti-Doping Organisation or third party
Testing authority.
5.3.3 Where reasonably feasible, Testing under these Anti-Doping Rules shall be coordinated
through ADAMS or another system approved by WADA in order to maximize the
effectiveness of the combined Testing effort and to avoid unnecessary repetitive Testing.
5.3.4 All completed Test results conducted by the Integrity Unit and at national level shall be
reported through the WADA clearinghouse in order to avoid any unnecessary
duplication in Testing.
5.4 Applicable Testing Requirements
5.4.1 All Testing conducted by the Integrity Unit and National Federations (and/or by the
relevant National Anti-Doping Organisation or third party Testing authority) shall be
in substantial conformity with these Anti-Doping Rules and the Anti-Doping
Regulations in force at the time of Testing.
5.4.2 The Anti-Doping Regulations may be amended by the IAAF Council from time to
time (including upon amendment of the relevant International Standard or Technical
Document by WADA). The current version of the Anti-Doping Regulations shall be
available on the Integrity Unit website.
5.5 Testing at Competitions
5.5.1 Except as provided in Article 5.3 of the Code, only a single organization should be
responsible for initiating and directing Testing at Competition Venues during a
Competition Period. At the following International Competitions, the collection of
Samples shall be initiated and directed by the IAAF:
(a) World Athletics Series Competitions;
(b) International Invitation Meetings in accordance with Rule 1.1(e);
(c) IAAF Permit Meetings;
(d) IAAF Label Road Races; and
(e) at such other International Competitions as the Integrity Unit may determine.
At the request of the Integrity Unit (or any other international organization which is
the ruling body for a Competition), any Testing during the Competition Period outside
of the Competition Venues shall be coordinated with the Integrity Unit (or the
relevant ruling body of the Competition).
5.5.2 If an Anti-Doping Organization which would otherwise have Testing authority but is
not responsible for initiating and directing Testing at a Competition desires to conduct
Testing of Athletes at the Competition Venues during the Competition Period, the
Anti-Doping Organization shall first confer with the IAAF (or any other international
organization which is the ruling body of the Competition) to obtain permission to
conduct and coordinate such Testing. If the Anti-Doping Organization is not satisfied
with the response from the IAAF (or any other international organization which is the
ruling body of the Competition), the Anti-Doping Organization may ask WADA for
permission to conduct Testing and to determine how to coordinate such Testing, in

accordance with the procedures set out in the International Standard for Testing and
Investigations. WADA shall not grant approval for such Testing before consulting
with and informing the IAAF (or any other international organization which is the
ruling body for the Competition). WADA’s decision shall be final and not subject to
appeal. Unless otherwise provided in the authorization to conduct Testing, such tests
shall be considered Out-of-Competition tests. Results management for any such test
shall be the responsibility of the Anti-Doping Organization initiating the test unless
provided otherwise in the rules of the ruling body of the Competition.
5.5.3 Notwithstanding Article 5.5, the Integrity Unit may elect to conduct Testing during a
National Competition Period on Athletes under its Testing authority participating in
such Competition, including, with the authorization of the Anti-Doping Organisation
having Testing responsibility for the Competition, at the Competition Venues.
5.6 Supervision of Competition Testing
5.6.1 The Integrity Unit may appoint a delegate to attend at any of the International
Competitions under Article 5.5.1 for the purpose of ensuring that these Anti-Doping
Rules and the Anti-Doping Regulations are properly applied. The local organising
committees of such Competitions shall do everything necessary to authorise and
facilitate the IAAF delegate's attendance at such Competitions.
5.6.2 The IAAF and the local organising committees for World Athletics Series
Competitions, as well as the National Federations and the local organising
committees for National Competitions, shall authorise and facilitate the Independent
Observer Programme at such Competitions.
5.7 Athlete Whereabouts Information
5.7.1 The Integrity Unit shall identify an International Registered Testing Pool of those
Athletes who are required to comply with the whereabouts requirements of Appendix
A of the Anti-Doping Regulations, and shall make available through ADAMS, a list
which identifies those Athletes included in its Registered Testing Pool either by name
or by clearly defined, specific criteria. The Integrity Unit shall coordinate with
National Anti-Doping Organizations the identification of such Athletes and the
collection of their whereabouts information. The Integrity Unit shall review and
update as necessary the criteria for including Athletes in the International Registered
Testing Pool, and shall revise the membership of the International Registered Testing
Pool from time to time as appropriate in accordance with the set criteria. Athletes
shall be notified before they are included in the International Registered Testing Pool
and when they are removed from that pool. Each Athlete in the International
Registered Testing Pool shall do the following, in each case in accordance with
Appendix A of the Anti-Doping Regulations: (a) advise the Integrity Unit of his
whereabouts on a quarterly basis; (b) update that information as necessary so that it
remains accurate and complete at all times; and (c) make himself available for
Testing at such whereabouts.
5.7.2 For purposes of Article 2.4, an Athlete’s failure to comply with the requirements of
Appendix A of the Anti-Doping Regulations shall be deemed a Filing Failure or a
Missed Test (as defined in the International Standard for Testing and Investigations)
where the conditions set forth in the International Standard for Testing and
Investigations for declaring a Filing Failure or Missed Test are met.
5.7.3 An Athlete in the International Registered Testing Pool shall continue to be subject to
the obligation to comply with the whereabouts requirements of Appendix A of the

Anti-Doping Regulations unless and until (a) the Athlete gives written notice to the
IAAF that he has retired or (b) the IAAF has informed him that he no longer satisfies
the criteria for inclusion in the International Registered Testing Pool.
5.7.4 Whereabouts information relating to an Athlete shall be shared (through ADAMS)

with WADA and other Anti-Doping Organizations having authority to test that
Athlete, shall be maintained in strict confidence at all times, shall be used exclusively
for the purposes set out in Article 5.6 of the Code, and shall be destroyed in
accordance with the International Standard for the Protection of Privacy and Athlete
Information once it is no longer relevant for these purposes.
5.7.5 It is the duty of every National Federation, officer of a National Federation and other
Person under the jurisdiction of a National Federation to assist the Integrity Unit
(and, where applicable, WADA or other competent Testing authority) in the conduct
of Testing under these Anti-Doping Rules. Any National Federation, officer of a
National Federation or other Person under the jurisdiction of a National Federation
preventing, hindering, obstructing or otherwise Tampering with the conduct of such
Testing may result in a charge of Tampering or Attempted Tampering under Article
2.5.
5.7.6 The Integrity Unit shall report to WADA in respect of any difficulties encountered
with respect to whereabouts information or Testing in a Country.
5.8 Retired Athletes Returning to Competition
5.8.1 An Athlete in the International Registered Testing Pool who has given notice of
retirement to the Integrity Unit may not resume competing in International
Competitions or National Competitions until he has given the Integrity Unit written
notice of his intent to resume competing and has made himself available for Testing
for a period of six months before returning to Competition, including (if requested)
complying with the whereabouts requirements of Annex I to the International
Standard for Testing and Investigations. WADA, in consultation with the Integrity
Unit and the Athlete's National Anti-Doping Organization, may grant an exemption to
the six-month written notice rule where the strict application of that rule would be
manifestly unfair to an Athlete. Any competitive results obtained in violation of this
Article 5.8.1 shall be Disqualified.
5.8.2 If an Athlete retires from sport while subject to a period of Ineligibility, the Athlete
shall not resume competing in International Competitions or National Competitions
until the Athlete has given six months prior written notice (or notice equivalent to the
period of Ineligibility remaining as of the date the Athlete retired, if that period was
longer than six months) to the Integrity Unit and to his National Anti-Doping
Organization of his intent to resume competing and has made himself available for
Testing for that notice period, including (if requested) complying with the
whereabouts requirements of Annex I to the International Standard for Testing and
Investigations.
5.9 Monitoring of Testing at National Level
The Integrity Unit may monitor the Testing conducted at national level, including but not
limited to the In and Out-of-Competition Testing conducted in a Country by the National
Federation and/or by the relevant National Anti-Doping Organisation or third party Testing
authority. If the Integrity Unit considers that the In and/or Out-of-Competition Testing
conducted at national level is insufficient or inadequate, either having regard to the success of
the National Federation's Athletes in International Competitions or for any other reason, the

IAAF may require the National Federation to take such action as it considers to be necessary
in order to ensure a satisfactory level of Testing in the Country concerned. A failure by a
National Federation to comply with the IAAF's decision may result in the imposition of
sanctions under Article 16.
5.10 Investigations and Intelligence Gathering
5.10.1 In addition to conducting Testing in accordance with Article 5 above, the Integrity Unit
shall have the power to gather anti-doping intelligence and conduct investigations in
accordance with the requirements of the Code and the International Standard for Testing
and Investigations into matters that may evidence or lead to the discovery of evidence of
an Anti-Doping Rule Violation. Such investigations may be conducted in conjunction
with, and/or information obtained in such investigations may be shared with, other
Signatories and/or relevant authorities. The Integrity Unit shall have discretion, where it
deems it appropriate, to stay its own investigation pending the outcome of investigations
being conducted by other Signatories and/or other relevant authorities.
5.10.2 Where an Athlete or other Person knows or suspects that any other Athlete or other
Person has committed an Anti-Doping Rule Violation, it shall be the obligation of the
first Athlete or other Person to report such knowledge or suspicion to the Integrity Unit
as soon as possible. The first Athlete or other Person shall have a continuing obligation
to report any new knowledge or suspicion regarding any Anti-Doping Rule Violation to
the Integrity Unit even if his prior knowledge or suspicion has already been reported. In
cases of refusal or failure to comply with any of the foregoing without acceptable
justification, Article 12 shall apply.
5.10.3 Athletes and other Persons must co-operate fully with investigations conducted pursuant
to this Article 5 (and in cases of refusal or failure to do so without compelling
justification, Article 12 shall apply).
5.10.4 The Head of the Integrity Unit may at any stage (including after the Notice of
Charge) make a written demand (Demand) to an Athlete or other Person to provide
the Integrity Unit with any information, record, article or thing in his possession or
control that the Head of the Integrity Unit reasonably believes may evidence or lead
to the discovery of evidence of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation.
5.10.5 Without limiting the foregoing, pursuant to Article 5.10.4, the Head of the Integrity
Unit may require an Athlete or other Person to:
(a) attend before the Integrity Unit for an interview, or to answer any question, or
to provide a written statement setting out his knowledge of any relevant facts
and circumstances;
(b) provide (or procure to the best of his ability the provision by any third party)
for inspection, copying and/or downloading any records or files in hardcopy or
electronic format, that the Head of the Integrity Unit reasonably believes may
contain relevant information (such as itemised telephone bills, bank statements,
ledgers, notes, files, correspondence, emails, messages, servers);
(c) provide (or procure to the best of his ability the provision by any third party)
for inspection, copying and/or downloading any electronic storage device in
which the Head of the Integrity Unit reasonably believes relevant information
may be stored (such as cloud based servers, computers, hard drives, tapes,
disks, mobile telephones, laptop computers, tablets and other mobile storage
devices);

(d) provide full and unlimited access to his premises for the purpose of securing
information, records, articles or things the subject of a Demand;
(e) provide passwords, login credentials and other identifying information required
to access electronically stored records that are the subject of a Demand.
5.10.6 Subject to Article 5.10.7, an Athlete or other Person must comply with a Demand in
such reasonable period of time as determined by the Head of the Integrity Unit and
set out in the Demand. Each Athlete or other Person waives and forfeits any rights,
defences and privileges provided by any law in any jurisdiction to withhold any
information, record, article or thing requested in a Demand.
5.10.7 Where a Demand relates to any information, record, article or thing that the Head of
the Integrity Unit reasonably believes is capable of being damaged, altered, destroyed
or hidden (any electronic storage device or electronically stored information shall be
deemed to meet this criterion), then for the purposes of preserving the evidence, the
Integrity Unit may require an Athlete or other Person to comply immediately with the
Demand. In such a case:
(a) the Athlete or other Person must immediately comply with the Demand and
permit the Integrity Unit to take immediate possession of, copy and/or
download the information, record, article or thing. However, the Integrity Unit
may take no steps to inspect or use the same other than as provided in Article
5.10.7(d);
(b) in case of a refusal or failure by an Athlete or other Person to comply

immediately with the Demand, the consequences in Rule 12 shall apply and
any attempted or actual damage, alteration, destruction or hiding of such
information, record, article or thing upon receipt of or after the Demand shall
constitute an independent violation of Article 2.5 (Tampering or Attempted
Tampering);
(c) the Athlete or other Person has 7 days from receipt of the Demand to file an
objection to the Demand by requesting a review by the chairperson of the
Disciplinary Tribunal or his delegate in accordance with Article 7.8;
(d) if the Athlete or other Person does not file an objection within 7 days of receipt
of the Demand (or files an objection and the chairperson of the Disciplinary
Tribunal or his delegate subsequently finds there is a reasonable belief basis to
the Demand), or notifies the Integrity Unit that he does not object to the
Demand, the Integrity Unit may forthwith inspect the information, record,
article or thing and otherwise make use of it in accordance with these Rules.
5.10.8 Any information, record, article or thing provided to the Integrity Unit under this
Rule will be kept confidential except when it becomes necessary to disclose such
information, record, article or thing to further the investigation of and/or to bring, or
as part of, proceedings relating to an Anti-Doping Rule Violation, or when such
information, record, article or thing is reported to administrative, professional or
judicial authorities pursuant to an investigation or prosecution of non-sporting laws or
regulations, or is otherwise required by law.
5.10.9 If an Athlete or other Person obstructs or delays an investigation (e.g., by providing

false, misleading or incomplete information or documentation and/or by tampering or
destroying any documentation or other information that may be relevant to the

investigation), proceedings may be brought against him for violation of Article 2.5
(Tampering or Attempted Tampering).
5.10.10 The Head of the Integrity Unit may at any time require a National Federation (i) to
investigate a possible violation of these Anti-Doping Rules by one or more Athlete or
other Person under the National Federation's jurisdiction (where appropriate, acting in
conjunction with the National Anti-Doping Organisation in the Country concerned
and/or other relevant national authority or body) and (ii) to provide a written report on
such investigation within a reasonable time period as stipulated by the Head of the
Integrity Unit. There shall be an automatic investigation conducted by a National
Federation (and a written report of the investigation provided to the Integrity Unit) of
Athlete Support Personnel under the National Federation's jurisdiction in the case of any
anti-doping rule violation committed by a Minor or where any Athlete Support
Personnel has provided support to more than one Athlete found to have committed an
anti-doping rule violation. A failure or refusal by a National Federation to conduct an
investigation under this Rule or to produce a written report on such investigation within
a reasonable time period as stipulated by the Integrity Unit may lead to the imposition of
sanctions on the National Federation in accordance with Article 16.
5.10.11 Where during the course of an Investigation, the Integrity Unit identifies any additional
Athlete or Person whom it considers should be investigated for a potential Anti-Doping
Rule Violation, the investigation may be expanded to deal with their respective
involvement.
5.10.12 Where, as a result of an investigation under this Article 5, the Head of the Integrity Unit
forms the view that an Athlete or other Person has a case to answer for commission of an
Anti-Doping Rule Violation, the matter shall proceed in accordance with Article 7.7.
ARTICLE 6 ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES
6.1 Purpose of Analysis of Samples
Samples may be analysed under these Anti-Doping Rules (i) to detect Prohibited Substances
and Prohibited Methods on the Prohibited List and/or for evidence of the Use of Prohibited
Substances or Prohibited Methods; (ii) to assist the Integrity Unit in profiling relevant
parameters in an Athlete's urine, blood or other matrix, including for DNA or genomic
profiling; and/or (iii) for any other legitimate for anti-doping purpose. Relevant profile
information may be used to direct Target Testing or to support an Anti-Doping Rule Violation
under Article 2.1, or both. Samples may be collected and stored for future analysis.
6.2 Use of Accredited and Approved Laboratories
6.2.1 For the purposes of Article 2.1 (Presence of a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited
Method), Samples shall be analysed only in WADA-accredited laboratories or
laboratories otherwise approved by WADA. In the case of Samples collected by the
Integrity Unit pursuant to Article 5.5.1, the Integrity Unit shall send Samples only to
WADA-accredited or WADA approved laboratories (or, where applicable, to
haematological laboratories or mobile testing units) which have been approved by the
Integrity Unit.
Violations of Article 2.1 may be established only by Sample analysis performed by a

laboratory accredited or otherwise approved by WADA. Violations of other Articles
may be established using analytical results from other laboratories so long as the
results are reliable.

6.2.2 For the purposes of screening a blood (or other non-urine) Sample to determine
whether the Player's corresponding urine Sample should be analysed as set out at
Article 6.2.1, the Integrity Unit may send Samples either to laboratories that have
been accredited or approved by WADA or to any other entity approved by WADA
(e.g., a local hospital or a mobile testing unit).
6.2.3 For the purposes of ABP Testing, the Integrity Unit may send Samples to a laboratory
or laboratories that has/have been accredited or otherwise approved by WADA or to
the satellite facility of a WADA-accredited laboratory or using mobile units operated
under applicable ISO accreditation by a WADA-accredited laboratory.
6.2.4 Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Article 6.2, the laboratory or laboratories
or other facility or facilities used for the analysis of Samples collected under these
Rules shall be chosen exclusively by the Integrity Unit.
6.3 Ownership of Samples and Restrictions on Use of Samples
6.3.1 All Samples (and related data) collected under the Testing Authority of the IAAF
shall be the property of the IAAF and the Integrity Unit shall be entitled to determine
all matters regarding the analysis and disposal of such Samples.
6.3.2 No Sample may be used for research without the Athlete's written consent. Samples
used (with the Athlete's consent) for purposes other than Article 6.2 shall have any
means of identification removed such that they cannot be traced back to a particular
Athlete.
6.4 Standards for Sample Analysis and Reporting
Laboratories shall analyse Samples and report results in conformity with the International
Standard for Laboratories. The Integrity Unit may request that laboratories analyse Samples
using more extensive menus than provided in the Technical Document under the International
Standard for Testing and Investigations.
6.5 Further Analysis of Samples
6.5.1 The Integrity Unit may at any stage require a Sample to be subjected to further
analysis and may rely on the results of such further analysis when deciding whether a
Sample has given rise to an Adverse Analytical Finding or may evidence another
anti-doping rule violation.
6.5.2 A Sample collected by the Integrity Unit may be stored and subject to further analysis
for the purpose of Article 6.1 at any time exclusively at the direction of the IAAF or
WADA (with the consent of the IAAF). All other Samples collected in Athletics may
be re-analysed exclusively at the direction of the Testing Authority or the IAAF (with
the consent of the Testing Authority) or WADA. The circumstances and conditions
for re-testing Samples shall conform with the requirements of the International
Standard for Laboratories and the International Standard for Testing and
Investigations.
ARTICLE 7 RESULTS MANAGEMENT
7.1 Except as provided for in Article 7.2 below, results management and hearings shall be the
responsibility of, and shall be governed by, the procedural rules of the National Federation or
Anti-Doping Organisation that initiated and directed Sample collection (or, if no Sample
collection is involved, the National Federation or Anti-Doping Organisation which first provides

notice to an Athlete or other Person of an asserted Anti-Doping Rule Violation and then
diligently pursues that Anti-Doping Rule Violation).
7.2 The Integrity Unit shall have results management responsibility under these Anti-Doping Rules
in the following circumstances:
7.2.1 For potential violations arising in connection with any Testing conducted under these
Anti-Doping Rules by the Integrity Unit, including investigations conducted by the
Integrity Unit against Athlete Support Personnel or other Persons potentially involved in
such violations.
7.2.2 For investigations conducted by the Integrity Unit in accordance with Articles 7.3, 7.4
and 7.5 where the IAAF is the Testing Authority or has been delegated results
management authority.
7.2.3 For potential violations arising in connection with any investigation conducted in
accordance with Article 5.
7.2.4 For potential violations arising in connection with any Testing conducted on an
International-Level Athlete by a National Anti-Doping Organisation (or other relevant
Testing authority).
7.2.5 For potential violation of these Anti-Doping Rules where no Testing is involved and
where the potential violation involves:
(a) Any International-Level Athlete, Athlete Support Person or other Person who has
an involvement in any capacity in International Competitions or with
International-Level Athletes; or
(b) Where the IAAF is the Anti-Doping Organisation which first provides notice to an
Athlete or other Person of an asserted Anti-Doping Rule Violation and then
diligently pursues that violation.
7.2.6 Where a National Anti-Doping Organisation elects to collect additional Samples

pursuant to Article 5.2.1, then it shall be considered the Anti-Doping Organisation that
initiated and directed Sample collection and shall have results management
responsibility over such additional Samples. Where however the National Anti-Doping
Organisation only directs the laboratory to perform additional types of analysis at the
National Anti-Doping Organisation's expense, then the Integrity Unit shall have results
management responsibility.
7.2.7 Results management in relation to a potential violation of Article 2.4 (a Filing Failure or
a Missed Test) shall be administered by the Integrity Unit if the Athlete in question files
his whereabouts information with the Integrity Unit. Any Anti-Doping Organisation that
determines a Filing Failure or Missed Test shall submit that information to WADA
through ADAMS or another system approved by WADA, where it will be made
available to other relevant Anti-Doping Organisations.
7.2.8 The Integrity Unit shall additionally have default results management responsibility in
the following further cases:
(a) In circumstances where a National Federation or National Anti-Doping

Organisation does not have authority under any applicable rule over an Athlete or
other Person subject to these Anti-Doping Rules, or the National Federation or
National Anti-Doping Organisation fails or declines to exercise such authority,

results management may be conducted by the Integrity Unit or by a third party
(including the National Federation or National Anti-Doping Organisation), as the
Integrity Unit may direct.
(b) Results management and the conduct of hearings for Testing conducted by
WADA on its own initiative, or an Anti-Doping Rule Violation discovered by
WADA, shall be conducted by the Anti-Doping Organisation directed by WADA.
(c) Results management and the conduct of hearings for Testing conducted by the
IOC or another Major Event Organisation, or an Anti-Doping Rule Violation
discovered by one of those organisations, shall be referred to the Integrity Unit in
relation to Consequences beyond exclusion from the International Competition in
question, Disqualification of results in that Competition, forfeiture of any medals,
points or prizes from the Competition, or recovery of costs applicable to the Anti-
Doping Rule Violation.
7.2.9 Where a National Federation or an Anti-Doping Organisation claims to have results

management responsibility under applicable rules in any of the circumstances set out in
Rule 7.2 above, the Integrity Unit may at its absolute discretion agree to the National
Federation or Anti-Doping Organisation concerned conducting results management and
a hearing in the case in accordance with Article 8.10. If a dispute arises between the
IAAF and a National Federation or an Anti-Doping Organisation over which
organisation has results management responsibility under this Article 7, WADA shall
decide which organisation has such responsibility. WADA's decision may be appealed to
CAS within seven days of notification of the WADA decision by any of the Anti-
Doping Organisations involved in the dispute. The appeal shall be dealt with by CAS in
an expedited manner and shall be heard before a single arbitrator.
7.2.10 Regardless of which organisation conducts results management and hearings, the
principles set out in this Article 7 and Article 8 shall be respected.
7.3 Review of Adverse Analytical Findings
7.3.1 Upon receipt of an Adverse Analytical Finding in relation to an A Sample, the Integrity
Unit shall conduct a review to determine whether: (a) an applicable TUE has been
granted or will be granted as provided in the International Standard for Therapeutic Use
Exemptions, or (b) there is any apparent departure from the International Standard for
Testing and Investigations or International Standard for Laboratories that caused the
Adverse Analytical Finding.
7.3.2 If the review of an Adverse Analytical Finding under Article 7.3.1 reveals an applicable
TUE or departure from the International Standard for Testing and Investigations or the
International Standard for Laboratories that caused the Adverse Analytical Finding, the
entire test shall be considered negative and the Athlete, Athlete’s National Federation,
the Athlete’s National Anti-Doping Organization and WADA shall be so informed.
7.3.3 If the review of an Adverse Analytical Finding under Article 7.3.1 does not reveal an
applicable TUE or entitlement to a TUE as provided in the International Standard for
Therapeutic Use Exemptions, or departure from the International Standard for Testing
and Investigations or the International Standard for Laboratories that caused the Adverse
Analytical Finding, the Integrity Unit shall promptly notify the Athlete, and
simultaneously the Athlete’s National Federation, the Athlete's National Anti-Doping
Organization and WADA, in the manner set out in Article 14.1, of:
(a) the Adverse Analytical Finding;

(b) the Anti-Doping Rule violated;
(c) any Provisional Suspension to be imposed by the Integrity Unit or that may be
accepted voluntarily by the Athlete;
(d) the time limit within which the Athlete is to provide the Integrity Unit with an
explanation for the Adverse Analytical Finding;
(e) the Athlete's right to promptly request the analysis of the B Sample or, failing such
request, that the B Sample analysis may be deemed waived;
(f) the scheduled date, time and place for the B Sample analysis if the Athlete or the
Integrity Unit chooses to request an analysis of the B Sample (or of the fact that
the date, time and place for the B Sample analysis, if requested by the Athlete,
shall be agreed at a later date);
(g) the opportunity for the Athlete and/or the Athlete's representative to attend the B
Sample opening and analysis in accordance with the International Standard for
Laboratories (at the Athlete's cost) if such analysis is requested; and
(h) the Athlete's right to request copies of the A and B Sample laboratory
documentation packages (at the Athlete's cost) which includes information as
required by the International Standard for Laboratories.
7.3.4 The Athlete and/or his representative shall be allowed to be present at the B Sample
analysis and to attend throughout the analysis being carried out. A representative of the
Athlete’s National Federation may also be present and attend throughout, as may a
representative of the Integrity Unit. An Athlete shall remain Provisionally Suspended
despite the fact that he has requested analysis of the B Sample.
7.3.5 If an Athlete fails to exercise his right to the B Sample analysis, the Integrity Unit may
nonetheless request the analysis of a B Sample at any time if it believes that such
analysis will be relevant to consideration of the Athlete’s case.
7.36 If the Integrity Unit decides not to bring forward the Adverse Analytical Finding as an
Anti-Doping Rule Violation, it shall so notify the Athlete, the Athlete's National
Federation, the Athlete’s National Anti-Doping Organization and WADA and any other
Anti-Doping Organisation with the right to appeal that decision under Article 13.
7.4 Review of Atypical Findings
7.4.1 As provided in the International Standard for Laboratories, in certain circumstances,

laboratories are directed to report the presence of Prohibited Substances which may also
be produced endogenously, as Atypical Findings subject to further investigation.
7.4.2 Upon receipt of an Atypical Finding, the Integrity Unit shall conduct a review to
determine whether (a) the Atypical Finding is consistent with an applicable TUE that has
been granted or will be granted or recognised under these Anti-Doping Rules or (b) there
is any apparent departure from the Anti-Doping Regulations or International Standard
for Laboratories that caused the Atypical Finding.
7.4.3 If the review does not reveal an applicable TUE or departure that caused the Atypical
Finding, the Integrity Unit shall conduct the investigation required.
7.4.4 After the investigation is completed, the Athlete and other Anti-Doping Organisations

identified in Article 14.1.2 shall be notified whether or not the Atypical Finding will be
brought forward as an Adverse Analytical Finding. If the Atypical Finding is to be
brought forward as an Adverse Analytical Finding, the Athlete shall be notified as in
Article 7.3.3.
7.4.5 The Integrity Unit will not provide notice of an Atypical Finding until it has completed
its investigation and decided whether the Integrity Unit will bring the Atypical Finding
forward unless one of the following circumstances exists:
(a) if the Head of the Integrity Unit determines the B Sample should be analysed prior
to the conclusion of his investigation under Article 7.4, the Integrity Unit may
conduct the B Sample analysis after notifying the Athlete, with such notice to
include a description of the Atypical Finding and the information where
applicable described in Article 7.3.3 above;
(b) if the Integrity Unit receives a request, either from a Major Event Organisation
shortly before one of its International Competitions or a request from a sports
body responsible for meeting an imminent deadline for selecting team members
for an international competition, to disclose whether any Athlete identified on a
list provided by the Major Event Organisation or sports body has a pending
Atypical Finding, the Integrity Unit shall so identify any such Athlete after first
providing notice of the Atypical Finding to the Athlete.
7.5 Review of Adverse Passport Findings
Results management in respect of the Athlete Biological Passport programme of the Integrity
Unit shall be conducted in accordance with the procedures set out in the Anti-Doping
Regulations. At such time as the Integrity Unit is satisfied that an Anti-Doping Rule Violation
has been committed, it shall send the Athlete a Notice of Charge in accordance with Article 8.
Other Anti-Doping Organisations shall be notified as provided in Article 14.1.2.
7.6 Review of Whereabouts Failures
Results management in respect of a Whereabouts Failure (Filing Failure or Missed Test) by an

Athlete in the International Registered Testing Pool shall be conducted by the Integrity Unit in
accordance with the procedures set out in the Anti-Doping Regulations. At such time as the
Integrity Unit is satisfied that an Anti-Doping Rule Violation has been committed, it shall send
the Athlete a Notice of Charge in accordance with Article 8. Other Anti-Doping Organisations
shall be notified as provided in Article 14.1.2.
7.7 Review of Potential Anti-Doping Rule Violations that involve evidence other than Adverse
Analytical Findings, Atypical Findings, Adverse Passport Findings or Whereabouts
Failures
7.7.1 Where a matter involves evidence of a potential Anti-Doping Rule Violation other than
an Adverse Analytical Finding, an Atypical Finding, an Adverse Passport Finding or a
Whereabouts Failure, the Head of the Integrity Unit shall conduct such follow up
investigation as may be required. In each case following completion of the
investigation, the Head of the Integrity Unit shall decide, subject to the prior approval of
the Integrity Unit Board, whether there is a case to answer under Article 2 and, if so,
whether the Athlete or other Person should be Provisionally Suspended pending
resolution of the case.

7.7.2 Where the decision is that there is a case to answer under Article 2, the Head of the
Integrity Unit shall send the Athlete a Notice of Charge in accordance with Article 8.
7.7.3 Where the decision is that there is no case to answer under Article 2, then the Head of
the Integrity Unit shall notify WADA, the Athlete's National Anti-Doping Organisation
and any other Anti-Doping Organisation with a right of appeal under Article 13 and
(subject to the rights of appeal set out at Article 13.2) that the matter shall not proceed
any further.
7.8 Review of Demands
7.8.1 An Athlete or other Person may object to a Demand made under Article 5.10.4 by
filing an application with the chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal within 7 days
of receipt of the Demand specifying the grounds for such objection. Where such an
application is made, subject always to Article 5.10.7, the time for complying with a
Demand shall be stayed pending the outcome of the objection.
7.8.2 The chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal or his delegate (who shall in all cases
either be the deputy chairperson or another member of the Disciplinary Tribunal)
shall consider the objection to the Demand with as much expediency as the justice of
the matter permits and, unless exceptional circumstances apply, such review shall be
conducted by way of written evidence and submissions only. In considering the
Demand, the chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal or his delegate shall have the
discretion but not the obligation to invite submissions from the Integrity Unit and the
Athlete or other Person, as he sees fit.
7.8.3 Where the chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal or his delegate determines that
there is no reasonable belief basis to the Demand, then the Integrity Unit shall not
pursue the Demand with the Athlete or other Person and the information, record,
article or thing and any copy or download of the same shall either be immediately
returned to the Athlete or other Person or destroyed, as the case requires.
7.8.4 Where the chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal or his delegate determines that
there is a reasonable belief basis to the Demand, then if the Athlete or other Person
fails to produce the information, record, article or thing and any copy or download of
the same, the consequences in Rule 12 apply.
7.8.5 The ruling of the chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal or his delegate as to
whether there is a reasonable belief basis to a Demand shall not be subject to appeal.
7.8.6 If a Demand is set aside, it shall not preclude the Integrity Unit from making any
other Demand in relation to the same or another investigation.
7.9 Results Management from a Test conducted by the IOC or other Major Event
Organisation
The results management process from a test conducted by the IOC or by any other Major
Event Organisation (e.g. the Commonwealth Games or the Pan American Games) shall be
managed, as far as determining an Athlete’s sanction beyond Disqualification from the
International Competition in question, by the Integrity Unit in accordance with these Anti-
Doping Rules. Upon request, the IOC or other Major Event Organisation shall provide the
Integrity Unit with a copy of the full case file within 15 days.

7.10 Principles applicable to Provisional Suspensions
7.10.1 Mandatory Provisional Suspensions: When an Adverse Analytical Finding is reported

for a Prohibited Substance or a Prohibited Method, other than a Specified Substance, the
Integrity Unit shall promptly impose a Provisional Suspension upon the review and
notification described in Article 7.3 above. A mandatory Provisional Suspension may be
eliminated if the Athlete demonstrates that the violation is likely to have involved a
Contaminated Product.
7.10.2 Provisional Suspensions where the Prohibited Substance is a Specified Substance:

Where an Adverse Analytical Finding is reported for a Specified Substance, the Integrity
Unit may Provisionally Suspend the Athlete pending resolution of his case if no
explanation or no adequate explanation for the alleged Anti-Doping Rule Violation is
received within the time limit set by the Integrity Unit. Alternatively, the Athlete may
accept a voluntary suspension provided this is confirmed in writing to the Integrity Unit.
7.10.3 Provisional Suspensions based on Adverse Passport or Atypical Passport Findings:

When the IAAF sends an Athlete a Notice of Charge in accordance with Article 8 based
on an Adverse Passport or Atypical Passport Finding, it shall at the same time impose a
Provisional Suspension.
7.10.4 Provisional Suspensions for other Anti-Doping Rule Violations: For any potential
Anti-Doping Rule Violation asserted by the Integrity Unit under these Anti-Doping
Rules after a review under Article 7, and is not otherwise covered by Articles 7.10.1 or
7.10.2, the Head of the Integrity Unit may impose a Provisional Suspension pending
resolution of the Athlete's or other Person's case.
7.10.5 Notice of a Provisional Suspension: Notice of a Provisional Suspension may be

included by the Integrity Unit in the notification under Article 7 or otherwise provided
simultaneously with or upon the Integrity Unit sending an Athlete or other Person a
Notice of Charge in accordance with Article 8. The Provisional Suspension shall take
effect as from the day indicated in the written notice to the Athlete or other Person.
7.10.6 Acceptance of a Provisional Suspension: In all cases where an Athlete or other Person
has been notified of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation but a Provisional Suspension has not
been imposed, the Athlete or other Person shall be offered the opportunity to accept a
Provisional Suspension voluntarily pending the resolution of the matter. No admission
shall be inferred or other adverse inference drawn from the decision of an Athlete or
other Person to accept a voluntary Provisional Suspension. In any case where a
National Federation imposes a Provisional Suspension, or an Athlete accepts a
voluntary suspension, the National Federation shall confirm this fact to the Integrity
Unit immediately. A voluntary suspension shall be effective only from the date of
receipt of the Athlete’s written confirmation of such by the Integrity Unit.
7.10.7 A National Federation's Failure to impose of a Provisional Suspension: If a National

Federation fails, in the opinion of the Head of the Integrity Unit, to impose a
Provisional Suspension as required, the Head of the Integrity Unit shall himself
impose such a Provisional Suspension. Once the Provisional Suspension is imposed
by the Head of the Integrity Unit, it shall notify the suspension to the National
Federation.
7.10.8 If a Provisional Suspension is imposed (or voluntarily accepted) based on an A Sample

Adverse Analytical Finding and a subsequent B Sample analysis does not confirm the A
Sample analysis, then the Athlete shall not be subject to any further Provisional
Suspension on account of a violation of Article 2.1 (Presence of a Prohibited Substance

or its Metabolites or Markers). In circumstances where the Athlete (or the Athlete's team
as may be) has been removed from a Competition based on a violation of Article 2.1 and
the subsequent B Sample does not confirm the A Sample finding, if, without otherwise
affecting the Competition, it is still possible for the Athlete or team to be reinserted, the
Athlete or team may continue to take part in the Competition.
7.11 Identification of Prior Anti-Doping Rule Violations: Before sending an Athlete or other
Person a Notice of Charge in accordance with Article 8 below, the Integrity Unit shall refer to
ADAMS and, if need be, contact WADA and other relevant Anti-Doping Organisations to
determine whether any prior Anti-Doping Rule Violation exists.
7.12 Notification of Results Management Decisions: In all cases where the commission of an Anti-
Doping Rule Violation is asserted, the assertion of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation is withdrawn,
a Provisional Suspension is imposed, a voluntary suspension is accepted or an Athlete has agreed
to the imposition of a sanction without a hearing, notice shall be given to other Anti-Doping
Organisations with a right of appeal under Article 13.
7.13 Retirement from Sport: If an Athlete retires while a results management process is underway,
the Integrity Unit retains jurisdiction to complete its results management process. If an Athlete or
other Person retires before any results management process has begun, the Integrity Unit retains
authority to conduct results management if it would have had results management authority over
the Athlete or other Person at the time the Athlete or other Person committed the asserted Anti-
Doping Rule Violation.
ARTICLE 8 HEARING PROCESS
8.1 The IAAF has established a Disciplinary Tribunal which shall have jurisdiction over all
matters in which:
(a) An Anti-Doping Rule Violation is asserted by the Integrity Unit against an

International-Level Athlete or Athlete Support Person in accordance with these Anti-
Doping Rules;
(b) An Anti-Doping Rule Violation is asserted by a National Federation or other Anti-

Doping Organisation under its rules and all parties agree to submit the matter to the
Disciplinary Tribunal with the agreement of the Integrity Unit;
(c) The Integrity Unit elects to have the case referred directly to the Disciplinary
Tribunal based on the failure by another organisation (including a National
Federation) to initiate or diligently pursue a hearing process or where the Integrity
Unit otherwise finds it appropriate to do so for a fair hearing process to be granted
(d) An Athlete or other Person objects to a Demand in accordance with Articles 5.10.7
and 7.8.
8.2 When, following the results management or investigation process described in Article 7, an
Anti-Doping Rule Violation is asserted, the Athlete or other Person shall be notified in
accordance with Article 8.4.2.
8.3 In all other cases where an Anti-Doping Rule Violation is asserted, the Athlete or other
Person’s hearing shall take place before the relevant tribunal constituted or otherwise
authorised by the National Federation. Where a National Federation delegates the conduct of a
hearing to a body, committee or tribunal (whether within or outside the National Federation),
or where for any other reason, any national body, committee or tribunal outside of the National
Federation is responsible for affording an Athlete his hearing under these Rules, the decision

of that body, committee or tribunal shall be deemed, for the purposes of Article 13, to be the
decision of the National Federation.
8.4 Proceedings before the Disciplinary Tribunal
8.4.1 When the Integrity Unit decides that an International-Level Athlete or Athlete
Support Person has a case to answer under Article 2, the Head of the Integrity Unit
will send a written notice (the "Notice of Charge") to the Athlete or Athlete Support
Person subject to the charge, with copies to the Chairperson of the Disciplinary
Tribunal and to the Anti-Doping Organisations set out in Article 14.1.2.
8.4.2 The Notice of Charge will set out:
(a) the Anti-Doping Rule Violation(s) alleged to have been committed, including
the specific Article(s) of these Anti-Doping Rules alleged to have been
infringed, a summary of the facts upon which such allegations are based (and if
the charge has resulted from an Adverse Analytical Finding, a copy of the A
Sample laboratory documentation pack supporting that Adverse Analytical
Finding, unless the Athlete has not requested it or it has already been provided
to the Athlete with the notification under Article 7.3.3), and any other
information required by the International Standard for Testing and
Investigations;
(b) the Consequences applicable under the Anti-Doping Rules if it is determined

that the alleged Anti-Doping Rule Violation has been committed;
(c) (where applicable) the matters relating to Provisional Suspension specified at

Article 7.10; and
(d) the Athlete or other Person's entitlement to respond to the Notice of Charge in
accordance with Articles 8.4.3 and 8.4.4.
8.4.3 The Athlete or other Person may respond to the Notice of Charge in one of the
following ways:
(a) admit the Anti-Doping Rule Violation(s) charged and accede to the
Consequences specified in the Notice of Charge;
(b) admit the Anti-Doping Rule Violation(s) charged but dispute and/or seek to
mitigate the Consequences specified in the Notice of Charge, and to have the
Disciplinary Tribunal determine the Consequences at a hearing conducted in
accordance with Article 8;
(c) deny the Anti-Doping Rule Violation(s) charged and have the Disciplinary
Tribunal determine the charge and (if the charge is upheld) any Consequences,
at a hearing conducted in accordance with this Article 8.
8.4.4 If the Athlete or Athlete Support Person wishes to exercise his right to a hearing
before the Disciplinary Tribunal, he must submit a written request for such a hearing
so that it is received by the Integrity Unit, with a copy to the Disciplinary Tribunal, as
soon as possible, but in any event within 10 days of the Athlete or other Person's
receipt of the Notice. The request must also state how the Athlete or other Person
responds to the charge in the Notice and must explain (in summary form) the basis for
such response.

8.4.5 In the event that the Athlete or Athlete Support Person does not respond to the Notice
of Charge by the specified deadline, the Athlete or Athlete Support Person will be
deemed to have waived his right to request a hearing and to have admitted the Anti-
Doping Rule Violation(s) charged, and to have acceded to the Consequences specified
in the Notice of Charge, and, in such event, the Integrity Unit shall promptly issue a
decision in accordance with Article 8.4.7.
8.4.6 In the Notice of Charge, or at any other time prior to the determination of the charge
by the Disciplinary Tribunal, the Integrity Unit may invite the Athlete or Athlete
Support Person to admit the Anti-Doping Rule Violation(s) charged and accede to
specified Consequences.
8.4.7 In the event that the Integrity Unit withdraws the Notice of Charge, or the Athlete or
Athlete Support Person admits the Anti-Doping Rule Violation(s) charged and
accedes to the Consequences specified by the Integrity Unit (or is deemed to have
done so), a hearing before the Disciplinary Tribunal shall not be required. In such a
case, the Integrity Unit:
(a) shall promptly issue a decision confirming (as applicable) its withdrawal of the
Notice of Charge or the commission of the Anti-Doping Rule Violation(s) and
the imposition of the specified Consequences (including, if applicable, a
justification for why the maximum potential sanction was not imposed);
(b) shall Publicly Report that decision in accordance with Article 14;
(c) shall send a copy of the decision to the Athlete or other Person and to any other
party that has a right, further to Article 13, to appeal the decision (and any such
party may, within 15 days of receipt, request a copy of the full case file
pertaining to the decision).
8.5 Appointment of the Panel
8.5.1 On receipt of a request for a hearing from an Athlete or Athlete Support Person in
accordance with Article 8.4.4, the Chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal shall
appoint one (1) or three (3) members of the Disciplinary Tribunal to hear and decide
the alleged violation(s) set out in the Notice of Charge. One of the members will
ordinarily be the Chairperson or the Deputy Chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal.
8.5.2 No member of the Disciplinary Tribunal may be on the Panel in any case if he:
(a) has any personal connection or interest (whether directly or indirectly) with any
of the parties or witnesses; or
(b) has had any prior involvement with any matter or any facts arising in the
proceedings (save as provided for in these Rules including a review of a
Demand or a decision to impose a Provisional Suspension in which some or all
of the same facts are relevant); or,
(c) is of the same nationality as a party involved in a proceedings (unless their

appointment is agreed by the Chairperson or is agreed by the parties); or
(d) their impartiality or independence could be seriously questioned (as determined

by the Chairperson).

8.5.3 Upon being appointed to a Panel of the Disciplinary Tribunal for a particular matter,
each member must provide a declaration to the parties, disclosing any facts or
circumstances known to them that might call into question their impartiality or
independence in the matter in the eyes of any of the parties. If any such facts or
circumstances arise thereafter, the member must provide an updated declaration to the
parties.
8.5.4 Any objection to a member of a Panel must be made to the Chairperson of the
Disciplinary Tribunal without delay, and in any event within 7 days of:
(a) receipt of the written declaration referred to in Article 8.5.3; or
(b) learning by any other means (including any subsequent means) of the facts or
circumstances giving rise to the objection.
Failure to raise an objection will constitute a waiver of that objection. The

Chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal (or Deputy Chairperson as applicable) will
rule on any objection made, and their decision will be final and there shall be no right
of appeal.
8.5.5 If a member of a Panel is, for whatever reason, unable, unwilling or unfit to hear or
continue to hear, and decide a proceeding, the Chairperson of the Disciplinary
Tribunal (or Deputy Chairperson as applicable) may, in his absolute discretion:
(a) appoint another member of the Disciplinary Tribunal to replace them in that
proceeding or
(b) authorise the remaining member(s) of the Panel to hear and decide the
proceeding alone, in which case, if the decision cannot be reached unanimously
or by majority then the Chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal shall have a
casting vote.
8.6 Powers of the Disciplinary Tribunal
8.6.1 The Disciplinary Tribunal, and any Panel of the Disciplinary Tribunal, shall have all
powers necessary for, and incidental to, the discharge of its responsibilities, including
(without limitation) the power, whether on the application of a party or of its own
motion:
(a) to rule on its own jurisdiction;
(b) to appoint an independent expert to assist or advise it on specific issues, with

the costs of such expert to be borne as directed by the Disciplinary Tribunal;
(c) to expedite or to adjourn, postpone or suspend its proceedings, upon such terms
as it will determine, where fairness so requires;
(d) to extend or abbreviate any time limit specified in any Rules or by the
Disciplinary Tribunal itself, save for any limitations period or appeal deadline;
(e) to order any party to make any property, document or other thing in its
possession or under its control available for inspection by the Disciplinary
Tribunal and/or any other party;

(f) to allow one or more third parties to intervene or be joined in the proceedings,
to make all appropriate procedural directions in relation to such intervention or
joinder, and thereafter to make a single final decision or separate decisions in
respect of all parties;
(g) to order that certain preliminary and/or potentially dispositive questions (e.g. as
to jurisdiction, or as to whether a condition precedent has been met) be heard
and determined in advance of any other issues in the matter;
(h) to award interim relief or other conservatory measures on a provisional basis

and subject to final determination;
(i) to make any other procedural direction or take any other procedural steps which
the Disciplinary Tribunal considers to be appropriate in pursuit of the efficient
and proportionate management of any Proceeding or matter pending before it;
and
(j) to impose costs orders.
8.6.2 Any procedural rulings may be made by the Chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal
or the Chair of a Panel alone.
8.7 Preliminary Meeting with the Chair of the Panel
8.7.1 If the Athlete or Athlete Support Person charged exercises his right to a hearing, the
Chair of the Panel shall convene a preliminary meeting with the Integrity Unit and its
legal representatives, and with the Athlete or Athlete Support Person and/or his legal
representatives (if any). The meeting may be held by telephone conference call. The
non-attendance of the Athlete or Athlete Support Person or his representative at the
meeting, after proper notice of the meeting has been provided, shall not prevent the
Chair of the Panel from proceeding with the meeting in the Athlete or Athlete Support
Person's absence, whether or not any written submissions are made on the Athlete or
Athlete Support Person's behalf.
8.7.2 The purpose of the preliminary meeting shall be to allow the Chair of the Panel to
address any pre-hearing issues. In particular (but without limitation), the Chair shall:
(a) consider any request by either party that the Chair hear the matter sitting alone;
(b) consider any request by either party that the case be consolidated for hearing
with any other pending case(s);
(c) determine the date(s) (which must be at least 21 days after the meeting, unless
the parties consent to a shorter period) upon which the hearing shall be held.
Subject to the foregoing, the hearing shall be commenced as soon as practicable
after the Notice of Charge is sent, and ordinarily within 45 days of the date that
the Athlete or other Person requests a hearing. It shall be completed
expeditiously;
(d) establish dates reasonably in advance of the date of the hearing at which:
(i) the Integrity Unit shall submit a brief with argument on all issues that the
IAAF wishes to raise at the hearing and written witness statements from
each fact and/or expert witness that the Integrity Unit intends to call at
the hearing, setting out the evidence that the IAAF wishes the

Disciplinary Tribunal to hear from the witness, and enclosing copies of
the documents that the Integrity Unit intends to introduce at the hearing;
(ii) the Athlete or Athlete Support Person shall submit an answer brief,
addressing the IAAF's arguments and setting out argument on the issues
that the Athlete or Athlete Support Person wishes to raise at the hearing,
as well as written witness statements from the Athlete or Athlete Support
Person and from each other witness (fact and/or expert) that the Athlete
or Athlete Support Person intends to call at the hearing, setting out the
evidence that the Athlete or Athlete Support Person wishes the
Disciplinary Tribunal to hear from the witness, and enclosing copies of
the documents that the Athlete or Athlete Support Person intends to
introduce at the hearing; and
(iii) the Integrity Unit may submit a reply brief, responding to the Athlete or
Athlete Support Person's answer brief and producing any rebuttal witness
statements and/or documents; and
(e) make such order as the Chair shall deem appropriate in relation to the
production of relevant documents and/or other materials between the parties;
provided that save for good cause shown, no documents and/or other materials
shall be ordered to be produced in relation to any Adverse Analytical Finding
beyond the documents that the International Standard for Laboratories requires
to be included in the laboratory documentation pack.
8.8 Conduct of Hearings before the Disciplinary Tribunal
8.8.1 Subject to the discretion of the Chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal to order
otherwise for good cause shown by either party, hearings before the Disciplinary
Tribunal shall (a) take place in London or Monaco; and (b) be conducted on a
confidential basis.
8.8.2 Each of the Integrity Unit and the Athlete or Athlete Support Person has the right to
be present and to be heard at the hearing. Each of the Integrity Unit and the Athlete or
Athlete Support Person also has the right (at his own expense) to be represented at the
hearing by legal counsel of his own choosing.
8.8.3 Subject strictly to Article 3.2.5, the Athlete or Athlete Support Person may choose not
to appear in person at the hearing, but rather to provide a written submission for
consideration by the Panel, in which case the Panel shall consider the submission in
its deliberations. However, the non-attendance of the Athlete or Athlete Support
Person or his representative at the hearing, after proper notice of the hearing has been
provided, shall not prevent the Panel from proceeding with the hearing in his absence,
whether or not any written submissions are made on his behalf.
8.8.4 The procedure followed at the hearing shall be at the discretion of the Panel, provided
that the hearing is conducted in a fair manner with a reasonable opportunity for each
party to present evidence (including the right to call and to question witnesses),
address the Panel and present his case.
8.8.5 The Panel shall not be bound by judicial rules governing the admissibility of
evidence. Instead, facts relating to an Anti-Doping Rule Violation may be established
by any reliable means, including admissions. The Panel shall apply the burdens and
standards of proof and the methods of establishing facts and presumptions as
described in Article 3 of these Anti-Doping Rules.

8.8.6 Save where the Panel orders otherwise for good cause shown by either party, the
hearing shall be in English or French, and certified translations shall be submitted of
any non-English or non-French documents (as applicable) put before the Panel. The
cost of the translation shall be borne by the party offering the document(s) unless
otherwise ordered by the Panel. If required by the Panel, the Integrity Unit shall
make arrangements to have the hearing recorded or transcribed. If requested by the
Athlete or Athlete Support Person, the Integrity Unit shall also arrange for a translator
to attend the hearing to translate oral questions and/or answers. The costs of such
transcription and translation shall be paid by the Integrity Unit unless otherwise
ordered by the Panel.
8.9 Decisions of the Disciplinary Tribunal
8.9.1 Once the parties have completed their respective submissions, the Panel shall retire to
deliberate as to whether an Anti-Doping Rule Violation has been committed and (if
so) what the Consequences should be. Where Article 10 specifies a range of possible
sanctions for the Anti-Doping Rule Violation found to have been committed, the
Panel shall also fix the sanction within that range for the case at hand, after
considering any submissions on the subject that the parties may wish to make.
8.9.2 The Panel shall not make any verbal announcement of the decision but instead shall
issue its decision in writing within 14 days after the conclusion of the hearing (or
where, exceptionally, that deadline cannot be met, as soon thereafter as possible).
Such decision will be sent to the parties and (subject strictly to the confidentiality
provisions of Article 14.1.5) to WADA and to any other party that has a right to
appeal the decision pursuant to Article 13 (and any such party may, within 15 days of
receipt, request a copy of the full case file pertaining to the decision).
The decision shall set out and explain:
(a) with reasons, the Panel's findings as to whether any Anti-Doping Rule
Violation(s) has/have been committed;
(b) with reasons, the Panel's findings as to what Consequences, if any, are (or are
not) to be imposed, including (if applicable) a justification for why the
maximum potential sanction was not imposed;
(c) with reasons, the date that such Consequences shall come into force and effect
pursuant to Article 10.10; and
(d) the rights of appeal applicable pursuant to Article 13.
8.9.3 The Disciplinary Tribunal has the power to make a costs order against any party,
where it is proportionate to do so. If it does not exercise that power, each party shall
bear its own costs, legal, expert and otherwise. No recovery of costs may be
considered a basis for reducing the period of Ineligibility or other sanction that would
otherwise be applicable.
8.10 Proceedings other than before the Disciplinary Tribunal
8.10.1 Where an Anti-Doping Rule Violation is asserted against an Athlete or other Person,
he shall be told at the same time of his right to request a hearing. The hearing process
shall provide at a minimum for a fair hearing within a reasonable time by a fair and
impartial hearing panel. A timely reasoned decision specifically including an

explanation of the reason(s) for any period of Ineligibility shall be Publicly Disclosed
as provided in Article 14 below.
8.10.2 If the Athlete or other Person fails to confirm in writing to his National Federation or
other relevant body within 10 days of such notice that he wishes to have a hearing, he
will be deemed to have waived his right to a hearing and to have accepted that he
committed the Anti-Doping Rule Violation in question. That fact shall be confirmed
in writing to the Integrity Unit by the National Federation within five working days.
8.10.3 If a hearing is requested by the Athlete or other Person, it shall be convened without
delay and the hearing completed within 60 days of the date of notification of the
Athlete or other Person’s request to the National Federation. National Federations
shall keep the Integrity Unit fully informed as to the status of all cases pending
hearing and of all hearing dates as soon as they are fixed. The IAAF is not a party to
the case but the Integrity Unit shall have the right to attend all hearings as an
observer. However, the Integrity Unit’s attendance at a hearing, or any other
involvement in a case, shall not affect the IAAF's right to appeal the National
Federation's decision to CAS pursuant to Article 13.
8.10.4 If the National Federation fails to complete a hearing within 60 days, or, if, having
completed a hearing, fails to render a decision within a reasonable time period
thereafter, the Integrity Unit may impose a deadline for such event. If in either case
the deadline is not met, the Integrity Unit may elect to have the case referred directly
to the Disciplinary Tribunal for a hearing conducted in accordance with these Anti-
Doping Rules. The hearing shall proceed at the responsibility and expense of the
National Federation and the decision of the Disciplinary Tribunal shall be subject to
appeal to CAS in accordance with Article 13. A failure by a National Federation to
hold a hearing for an Athlete within 60 days may further result in the imposition of a
sanction under Article 16.
8.10.5 The National Federation shall notify the Integrity Unit of the relevant tribunal’s
decision in writing, within five working days of the decision being made. The
decision shall be sent to the Integrity Unit in either English or French. The decision
shall set out and explain, with reasons, the relevant tribunal's findings (i) as to
whether any Anti-Doping Rule Violation has been committed and (ii) what
Consequences, if any, are to be imposed. The decision shall provide (if applicable) a
justification for why the maximum potential sanction was not imposed. Upon request
from the Integrity Unit, the National Federation shall provide a copy of the full case
file within 15 days.
8.10.6 The Athlete or other Person may elect to forego a hearing by acknowledging in
writing a violation of these Anti-Doping Rules and accepting Consequences
consistent with Article 10. Where an Athlete or other Person accepts Consequences
consistent with Article 10 and no hearing occurs, the National Federation shall
nevertheless ratify the Athlete or other Person’s acceptance of Consequences by a
decision of its relevant body and send a copy of such decision to the Integrity Unit
within five working days of the decision being made. A decision by a National
Federation arising from an Athlete's acceptance of Consequences under these Anti-
Doping Rules may be appealed in accordance with Article 13.
8.11 Single Hearing Before CAS
Charges asserting Anti-Doping Rule Violations may be heard directly by CAS, with no
requirement for a prior hearing, if the Athlete or other Person, the IAAF, WADA, and any

other Anti-Doping Organisation that would have had a right to appeal the first instance
decision to CAS, all consent.
ARTICLE 9 AUTOMATIC DISQUALIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL RESULTS
9.1 An Anti-Doping Rule Violation in connection with an In-Competition test automatically leads
to Disqualification of the Athlete's individual results obtained in that Event, with all resulting
consequences, including forfeiture of any medals, titles, awards, points and prize and
appearance money. In addition, further results obtained by the Athlete in other Events may be
Disqualified, in accordance with Article 10.1 (same Competition) and/or Article 10.8
(subsequent Competitions).
ARTICLE 10 FURTHER SANCTIONS FOR INDIVIDUALS
10.1 Disqualification of Individual Results in the Competition During or in Connection with

which an Anti-Doping Rule Violation Occurs
10.1.1 Subject to Article 10.1.2, an Anti-Doping Rule Violation occurring during or in

connection with a Competition shall lead to Disqualification of all the Athlete's
individual results obtained in that Competition, with all resulting consequences for
the Athlete, including forfeiture of any medals, titles, awards, points and prize and
appearance money.
10.1.2 If the Athlete establishes that he bears No Fault or Negligence for the Anti-Doping
Rule Violation, the Athlete's individual results obtained in other Events shall not be
Disqualified unless the Integrity Unit establishes that the Athlete's results in the other
Event(s) were likely to have been affected by his Anti-Doping Rule Violation.
10.2 Ineligibility for Presence, Use or Attempted Use, or Possession of a Prohibited Substance
or Prohibited Method
The period of Ineligibility imposed for an Anti-Doping Rule Violation under Article 2.1, 2.2
or 2.6 that is the Athlete or other Person's first anti-doping offence shall be as follows, subject
to potential reduction or suspension pursuant to Article 10.4, 10.5 or 10.6:
10.2.1 The period of Ineligibility shall be four years where:
(a) The Anti-Doping Rule Violation does not involve a Specified Substance, unless
the Athlete or other Person establishes that the Anti-Doping Rule Violation was
not intentional.
(b) The Anti-Doping Rule Violation involves a Specified Substance and the
Integrity Unit establishes that the Anti-Doping Rule Violation was intentional.
10.2.2 If Article 10.2.1 does not apply, the period of Ineligibility shall be two years.
10.2.3 As used in Articles 10.2 and 10.3, the term "intentional" is meant to identify those
Athletes or other Persons who cheat. The term, therefore, requires that the Athlete or
other Person engaged in conduct that he knew constituted an Anti-Doping Rule
Violation or knew that there was a significant risk that the conduct might constitute or
result in an Anti-Doping Rule Violation and manifestly disregarded that risk. An
Anti-Doping Rule Violation resulting from an Adverse Analytical Finding for a
substance that is only prohibited In-Competition (a) shall be rebuttably presumed to
be not "intentional" if the substance is a Specified Substance and the Athlete can
establish that it was Used Out-of-Competition; and (b) shall not be considered

"intentional" if the Substance is not a Specified Substance and the Athlete can
establish that it was Used Out-of-Competition in a context unrelated to sport
performance.
10.3 Ineligibility for Other Anti-Doping Rule Violations
The period of Ineligibility imposed for Anti-Doping Rule Violations under provisions other
than Articles 2.1, 2.2 and 2.6 shall be as follows, unless Article 10.5 or 10.6 is applicable:
10.3.1 For an Anti-Doping Rule Violation under Article 2.3 or Article 2.5 that is the Athlete
or other Person's first anti-doping offence, the period of Ineligibility imposed shall be
four years unless, in a case of failing to submit to Sample collection, the Athlete can
establish that the commission of the Anti-Doping Rule Violation was not intentional
(as defined in Article 10.2.3), in which case the period of Ineligibility shall be two
years.
10.3.2 For an Anti-Doping Rule Violation under Article 2.4 that is the Athlete's first anti-
doping offence, the period of Ineligibility imposed shall be two years, subject to
reduction down to a minimum of one year, depending on the Athlete's degree of
Fault. The flexibility between two years and one year of Ineligibility in this Article is
not available to Athletes where a pattern of last-minute whereabouts changes or other
conduct raises a serious suspicion that the Athlete was trying to avoid being available
for Testing.
10.3.3 For an Anti-Doping Rule Violation under Article 2.7 or Article 2.8 that is the Athlete
or other Person's first offence, the period of Ineligibility imposed shall be a minimum
of four years up to lifetime Ineligibility, depending on the seriousness of the
violation. An Article 2.7 or Article 2.8 violation involving a Minor shall be
considered a particularly serious violation and, if committed by Athlete Support
Personnel for violations other than for Specified Substances, shall result in lifetime
Ineligibility for such Athlete Support Personnel. In addition, significant violations of
Article 2.7 or 2.8 that may also violate non-sporting laws and regulations shall be
reported to the competent administrative, professional or judicial authorities.
10.3.4 For an Anti-Doping Rule Violation under Article 2.9 that is the Athlete or other
Person's first offence, the period of Ineligibility imposed shall be a minimum of two
years, up to four years, depending on the seriousness of the violation.
10.3.5 For an Anti-Doping Rule Violation under Article 2.10 that is the first offence of the
Athlete or other Person, the period of Ineligibility shall be two years, subject to
reduction down to a minimum of one year, depending on the degree of Fault of the
Athlete or other Person and other circumstances of the case.
10.4 Elimination of the Period of Ineligibility where there is No Fault or Negligence
If an Athlete or other Person establishes in an individual case that he/she bears No Fault or
Negligence, then the otherwise applicable period of Ineligibility shall be eliminated.
10.5 Reduction of the Period of Ineligibility based on No Significant Fault or Negligence
10.5.1 Reduction of Sanctions for Specified Substances or Contaminated Products for an

Anti-Doping Rule Violation under Article 2.1, 2.2 or 2.6:
(a) Specified Substances.

Where the Anti-Doping Rule Violation involves a Specified Substance, and the
Athlete or other Person can establish No Significant Fault or Negligence, then
the period of Ineligibility shall be, at a minimum, a reprimand and no period of
Ineligibility, and at a maximum, two years of Ineligibility, depending on the
degree of Fault of the Athlete or other Person.
(b) Contaminated Products.
In cases where the Athlete or other Person can establish No Significant Fault or
Negligence and that the detected Prohibited Substance came from a
Contaminated Product, then the period of Ineligibility shall be, at a minimum, a
reprimand and no period of Ineligibility, and at a maximum, two years
Ineligibility, depending on the degree of Fault of the Athlete or other Person.
10.5.2 Application of No Significant Fault or Negligence beyond the Application of Article

10.5.1:
In an individual case where Article 10.5.1 is not applicable, if an Athlete or other

Person establishes that he bears No Significant Fault or Negligence, then (subject to
further reduction or elimination as provided in Article 10.6) the otherwise applicable
period of Ineligibility may be reduced based on the degree of Fault of the Athlete or
other Person, but the reduced period of Ineligibility may not be less than one-half of
the period of Ineligibility otherwise applicable. If the otherwise applicable period of
Ineligibility is a lifetime, the reduced period under this Article may be no less than
eight years.
10.6 Elimination, Reduction, or Suspension of the Period of Ineligibility or other

Consequences for Reasons Other than Fault
10.6.1 Substantial Assistance in Discovering or Establishing Anti-Doping Rule Violations:
(a) The Head of the Integrity Unit may, prior to a final appellate decision under
Article 13 or the expiration of the time to appeal, suspend a part of the period
of Ineligibility imposed in any individual case in which it has results
management authority where the Athlete or other Person has provided
Substantial Assistance to the IAAF or other Anti-Doping Organisation, a
criminal authority or a professional disciplinary body that results in (i) the
Integrity Unit or other Anti-Doping Organisation discovering or bringing
forward an Anti-Doping Rule Violation by another Person, or (ii) a criminal
authority or disciplinary body discovering or bringing forward a criminal
offence or the breach of professional rules committed by another Person and
the information provided by the Athlete or other Person providing Substantial
Assistance is made available to the Integrity Unit. If the Head of the Integrity
Unit’s decision to suspend a part of the period of Ineligibility and/or other
Consequences is made after a final appellate decision under Article 13 or the
expiration of time to appeal, then WADA's approval is required for such
suspension. The extent to which the otherwise applicable period of Ineligibility
may be suspended shall be based on the seriousness of the Anti-Doping Rule
Violation committed by the Athlete or other Person and the significance of the
Substantial Assistance provided by the Athlete or other Person to the effort to
eliminate doping in sport. No more than three quarters of the otherwise
applicable period of Ineligibility may be suspended. If the otherwise applicable
period of Ineligibility is a lifetime, the non-suspended period under this Article
must be no less than eight years. If the Athlete or other Person fails to continue
to cooperate and to provide the complete and credible Substantial Assistance

upon which a suspension of the period of Ineligibility was based, the Integrity
Unit shall reinstate the original period of Ineligibility. If the Integrity Unit
decides to reinstate a suspended period of Ineligibility, or decides not to
reinstate a suspended period of Ineligibility, that decision may be appealed by
any Athlete entitled to appeal under Article 13.
(b) To further encourage Athletes and other Persons to provide Substantial

Assistance to Anti-Doping Organisations, at the request of the Integrity Unit or
at the request of the Athlete or other Person who has (or has been asserted to
have) committed an Anti-Doping Rule Violation, WADA may agree at any
stage of the results management process, including after a final appellate
decision under Article 13, to what it considers to be an appropriate suspension
of the otherwise-applicable period of Ineligibility and other Consequences. In
exceptional circumstances, WADA may agree to suspensions of the period of
Ineligibility and other Consequences for Substantial Assistance greater than
those otherwise provided in this Article, or even no period of Ineligibility,
and/or no return of Prize Money or payment of fines or costs. WADA's
approval shall be subject to reinstatement of sanction, as otherwise provided in
this Article. Notwithstanding Article 13, WADA's decisions in the context of
this Article may not be appealed by any other Anti-Doping Organisation.
(c) If the Head of the Integrity Unit suspends any part of an otherwise applicable
sanction because of Substantial Assistance, then notice providing justification
for the decision shall be provided to the other Anti-Doping Organisations with
a right to appeal under Article 13. In unique circumstances where WADA
determines that it would be in the best interest of anti-doping, WADA may
authorise the IAAF to enter into appropriate confidentiality agreements limiting
or delaying the disclosure of the Substantial Assistance agreement or the nature
of Substantial Assistance being provided.
10.6.2 Admission of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation in the Absence of Other Evidence
Where an Athlete or other Person voluntarily admits the commission of an Anti-

Doping Rule Violation before having received either (a) notification of a Sample
collection that could establish the Anti-Doping Rule Violation (in the case of an Anti-
Doping Rule Violation under Article 2.1), or (b) a Notice of Charge (in the case of
any other Anti-Doping Rule Violation), and that admission is the only reliable
evidence of the offence at the time of the admission, then the otherwise applicable
period of Ineligibility may be reduced, but not by more than 50%.
10.6.3 Prompt Admission of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation after being confronted with
a Violation sanctionable under Article 10.2.1 or Article 10.3.1
An Athlete or other Person potentially subject to a four-year sanction under Article

10.2.1 or 10.3.1 (for evading or refusing Sample Collection or Tampering with
Sample Collection) may receive a reduction in the period of Ineligibility down to a
minimum of two years, depending on the seriousness of the violation and the Athlete
or other Person's degree of Fault, by promptly admitting the asserted Anti-Doping
Rule Violation after being confronted with it, upon the approval and at the discretion
of WADA and the Integrity Unit.
10.6.4 Application of Multiple Grounds for Reduction of a Sanction
Where an Athlete or other Person establishes entitlement to reduction in sanction

under more than one provision of Article 10.4, 10.5 or 10.6, before applying any

reduction or suspension under Article 10.6, the otherwise applicable period of
Ineligibility shall be determined in accordance with Articles 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, and
10.5. If the Athlete or other Person establishes entitlement to a reduction or
suspension of the period of Ineligibility under Article 10.6, then the period of
Ineligibility may be reduced or suspended, but not below one-fourth of the otherwise
applicable period of Ineligibility.
10.7 Multiple Violations
10.7.1 For an Anti-Doping Rule Violation that is the second anti-doping offence of the
Athlete or other Person, the period of Ineligibility shall be the greater of:
(a) six months;
(b) one-half of the period of Ineligibility imposed for the first anti-doping offence
without taking into account any reduction under Article 10.6; or
(c) twice the period of Ineligibility that would be applicable to the second Anti-
Doping Rule Violation if it were a first Anti-Doping Rule Violation, without
taking into account any reduction under Article 10.6.
The period of Ineligibility established above may then be further reduced by the
application of Article 10.6.
10.7.2 An Anti-Doping Rule Violation that is the third anti-doping offence of the Athlete or
other Person will always result in a lifetime period of Ineligibility, unless it fulfils the
conditions for elimination or reduction of the period of Ineligibility under Article 10.4
or 10.5, or involves a violation of Article 2.4, in which case the period of Ineligibility
shall be from eight years to lifetime Ineligibility.
10.7.3 An anti-doping offence for which an Athlete or other Person has established No Fault
or Negligence shall not be considered a prior anti-doping offence for purposes of this
Article.
10.7.4 Additional Rules for Certain Potential Multiple Offences:
(a) For purposes of imposing sanctions under Article 10.7, an Anti-Doping

Rule Violation will only be considered a second Anti-Doping Rule Violation if
the Integrity Unit can establish that the Athlete or other Person committed the
second Anti-Doping Rule Violation after the Athlete or other Person received
notice, or after the Integrity Unit made a reasonable attempt to give notice, of
the first alleged Anti-Doping Rule Violation. If the Integrity Unit cannot
establish this, the Anti-Doping Rule Violations shall be considered together as
one single Anti-Doping Rule Violation for sanctioning purposes, and the
sanction imposed shall be based on the Anti-Doping Rule Violation that carries
the more severe sanction.
(b) If, after the imposition of a sanction for a first Anti-Doping Rule Violation, the
IAAF discovers a second Anti-Doping Rule Violation by the same Athlete or
other Person that occurred prior to notification of the first Anti-Doping Rule
Violation, then an additional sanction shall be imposed based on the sanction
that could have been imposed if the two Anti-Doping Rule Violations had been
adjudicated at the same time. Results in all Competitions dating back to the
earlier Anti-Doping Rule Violation will be subject to Disqualification in
accordance with Article 10.8.

10.7.5 Multiple Anti-Doping Rule Violations during a Ten-Year Period:
Any prior Anti-Doping Rule Violation shall only be taken into account for purposes
of Article 10.7 if it took place within ten years of the Anti-Doping Rule Violation
under consideration.
10.7.6 For the avoidance of doubt, where an Athlete or other Person is found to have
committed two or more separate Anti-Doping Rule Violations, the Ineligibility
periods for the separate offences shall run sequentially, not concurrently.
10.8 Disqualification of Results in Competitions Subsequent to Sample Collection or

Commission of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation
In addition to the automatic Disqualification, pursuant to Article 9, of the results in the

Competition that produced the Adverse Analytical Finding (if any), all other competitive
results of the Athlete obtained from the date the Sample in question was collected (whether
In-Competition or Out-of-Competition) or other Anti-Doping Rule Violation occurred
through to the start of any Provisional Suspension or Ineligibility period shall be Disqualified
(with all of the resulting consequences, including forfeiture of any medals, titles, ranking
points and prize and appearance money), unless the Disciplinary Tribunal determines that
fairness requires otherwise.
10.9 Allocation of CAS Cost Awards and Forfeited Prize Money
The priority for repayment of CAS cost awards and forfeited prize money shall be first,
payment of costs awarded by CAS; second, reallocation of forfeited prize money to other
Athletes; and, third, reimbursement of the Integrity Unit's expenses in relation to its results
management in the case. For the avoidance of doubt, there shall be no reallocation of forfeited
prize money to other Athletes if the forfeited prize money has not been repaid by the
forfeiting Athlete.
10.10 Commencement of Ineligibility and other Consequences
Any Consequences imposed under this Programme shall come into force and effect on the
date that the decision imposing the Consequences is issued, save that:
10.10.1 The Integrity Unit shall have absolute discretion, and in addition the Panel shall have
discretion where fairness requires, to establish an instalment plan for repayment of
any prize money forfeited pursuant to Articles 9 and/or 10 of these Anti-Doping
Rules and/or for payment of any costs awarded. For the avoidance of doubt, the
schedule of payments pursuant to such plan may extend beyond any period of
Ineligibility imposed upon the Athlete, provided however that, in accordance with
Article 10.12.2, default in payment under such plan shall automatically trigger a
further period of Ineligibility until such default is cured.
10.10.2 The period of Ineligibility shall start on the date that the decision is issued provided
that:
(a) any period of Provisional Suspension served by the Athlete or other Person
(whether imposed in accordance with Article 7.10 or voluntarily accepted by
the Athlete or other Person in accordance with Article 7.10.6) shall be credited
against the total period of Ineligibility to be served. To get credit for any period
of voluntary Provisional Suspension, however, the Athlete or other Person must
have given written notice at the beginning of such period to the Integrity Unit,
in a form acceptable to the Integrity Unit (and the Integrity Unit shall provide a

copy of that notice promptly to every other Person entitled to receive notice of
a potential Anti-Doping Rule Violation by that Athlete or other Person under
Article 14.1.2) and must have respected the Provisional Suspension in full. No
credit against a period of Ineligibility shall be given for any time period before
the effective date of the Provisional Suspension or voluntary Provisional
Suspension, regardless of the Athlete or other Person's status during such
period. If a period of Ineligibility is served pursuant to a decision that is
subsequently appealed, then the Athlete or other Person shall receive a credit
for such period of Ineligibility served against any period of Ineligibility that
may ultimately be imposed on appeal;
(b) where the Athlete or other Person promptly (which for an Athlete means, in any
event, before he competes again) admits the Anti-Doping Rule Violation after
being confronted with it by the Integrity Unit, the period of Ineligibility
subsequently imposed on him/her may be back-dated so that it is deemed to
have commenced as far back as the date of last occurrence of the Anti-Doping
Rule Violation (which, in the case of an Article 2.1 Anti-Doping Rule
Violation, would be on the date of Sample collection). However, this
discretion to back-date is subject to the following limit: the Athlete or other
Person must actually serve at least one-half of the period of Ineligibility, i.e.,
the commencement date of that period of Ineligibility cannot be back-dated
such that he actually serves less than one-half of that period. This Article
10.10.2(b) shall not apply where the period of Ineligibility has already been
reduced under Article 10.6.3; and
(c) where there have been substantial delays in the hearing process or other aspects
of Doping Control not attributable to the Athlete or other Person, the period of
Ineligibility may be deemed to have started at an earlier date, commencing as
early as the date the Anti-Doping Rule Violation last occurred (e.g., under
Article 2.1, the date of Sample collection). All competitive results achieved
during the period of Ineligibility, including retroactive Ineligibility, shall be
Disqualified.
10.11 Status During Ineligibility
10.11.1 Prohibition Against Participation During Ineligibility:
(a) No Athlete or other Person who has been declared Ineligible may, during the
period of Ineligibility, compete or otherwise participate in any capacity in (or,
if the Athlete is an Athlete Support Person, assist any Athlete competing or
otherwise participating in any capacity in):
(i) any International Competition;
(ii) any other Competition or Event or activity (other than authorised anti-
doping education or rehabilitation programmes) authorised, organised or
sanctioned by the IAAF, any National Association or member of a
National Association, or any Area Association, or any Signatory,
Signatory's member organisation, or club or member organisation of that
Signatory's member organisation;
(iii) any Event or Competition authorised or organised by any professional

league or any international or national-level Event or Competition
organisation; or

(iv) any elite or national-level sporting activity funded by a governmental
agency.
(b) The only exceptions to Article 10.11.1(a) are as follows:
(i) An Athlete or other Person who is subject to a period of Ineligibility

longer than four years may, after completing four years of the period of
Ineligibility, participate as an Athlete in local sport events not sanctioned
or otherwise under the jurisdiction of a Code Signatory or member of a
Code Signatory, but only so long as the local sports events are not at a
level that could otherwise qualify such Athlete or other Person directly or
indirectly to compete in (or accumulate points towards) a national
championship or International Competition, and does not involve the
Athlete or other Person working in any capacity with Minors; and
(ii) An Athlete may return to train as part of a team or (subject always to

Article 10.11.1(b)(ii)) to use the facilities of a club or other member
organisation of a Signatory's member organisation during the shorter of:
(1) the last two months of the Athlete's period of Ineligibility, or (2) the
last one-quarter of the period of Ineligibility imposed.
10.11.2 Without prejudice to the generality of Article 10.11.1, an Athlete or other Person
shall not, during any period of Ineligibility, be given accreditation for, or otherwise
granted access to, any International Competition or any other Event or Competition
or activity authorised, organised or sanctioned by the IAAF, any National
Association or member of a National Association, or any Area Association and any
such accreditation previously issued shall be withdrawn.
10.11.3 Without prejudice to the automatic application of the period of Ineligibility to the
events, competitions and other activities of all Signatories (as set out in Article
10.11.1(a)(ii) and Code Article 10.12.1), the Integrity Unit will also take all
necessary steps to have the Ineligibility of the Athlete or other Person recognised
and enforced by other relevant organisations in accordance with Code Article 17
(Application and Recognition of Decisions).
10.11.4 Where a Competition that will take place after the period of Ineligibility has an entry
deadline that falls during the period of Ineligibility, the Athlete may submit an
application for entry in the Competition in accordance with that deadline,
notwithstanding that at the time of such application he is Ineligible.
10.11.5 An Athlete subject to a period of Ineligibility shall remain subject to Testing and
must provide whereabouts information for that purpose upon request. If an Athlete
or other Person commits an Anti-Doping Rule Violation during a period of
Ineligibility (including but not limited to an Anti-Doping Rule Violation under
Article 2.1), this shall be treated as a separate Anti-Doping Rule Violation under
these Anti-Doping Rules.
10.11.6 If an Athlete or other Person who has been declared Ineligible violates the
prohibition on participation during Ineligibility described in Article 10.11.1, a new
period of Ineligibility equal in length to the original period of Ineligibility shall be
added to the end of the original period of Ineligibility. The new period of
Ineligibility may be adjusted based on the degree of Fault of the Athlete or other
Person and other circumstances of the case. The determination of whether an
Athlete or other Person has violated the prohibition against participation while
Ineligible, and whether an adjustment is appropriate, shall be made by the Anti-

Doping Organisation whose results management led to the imposition of the original
period of Ineligibility, and such decision shall be subject to appeal in accordance
with Article 13. In any case, any results obtained by the Athlete or other Person in
such Competition(s), with all resulting consequences, including forfeiture of any
medals, titles, points and prize and appearance money obtained in such
Competition(s), shall be automatically Disqualified.
10.11.7 An Athlete Support Person or other Person who assists another Person in his
violation of the prohibition against participation during Ineligibility thereby
commits an Anti-Doping Rule Violation under Article 2.9. In addition, for any Anti-
Doping Rule Violation not involving an eliminated or reduced period of Ineligibility
pursuant to Article 10.4 or 10.5, some or all sport-related financial support or other
sport-related benefits received by such Athlete or other Person will be withheld by
the IAAF or any National Federation.
10.12 Conditions of Reinstatement:
10.12.1 As a condition of reinstatement, an Athlete who is subject to a period of Ineligibility

must respect the conditions of Article 10.11.5, failing which the Athlete shall not be
eligible for reinstatement until he has made himself available for Testing (by
notifying the IAAF in writing) for a period of time equal to the period of
Ineligibility remaining as at the date he first stopped making himself available for
Testing, except that in the event that an Athlete retires while subject to a period of
Ineligibility, the conditions set out in Article 5.8.2 shall apply.
10.12.2 Once the period of an Athlete's Ineligibility has expired, and the Athlete has fulfilled
the foregoing conditions of reinstatement, then provided that (subject to Article
10.10.1) the Athlete has paid in full all amounts forfeited, and has satisfied in full
any award of costs made against the Athlete by the Disciplinary Tribunal and/or by
the CAS following any appeal made pursuant to Article 13.2, the Athlete will
become automatically re-eligible and no application by the Athlete for reinstatement
will be necessary. If, however, further amounts become due after an Athlete's
period of Ineligibility has expired (as a result of an instalment plan established
pursuant to Article 10.10.1), then any failure by the Athlete to pay all outstanding
amounts on or before their respective due dates shall render the Athlete
automatically Ineligible to participate in further International Competitions until all
amounts due are paid in full.
10.12.3 Even if no period of Ineligibility is imposed, an Athlete may not participate in an

International Competition while any prize money ordered or agreed to be forfeited
under these Anti-Doping Rules, and/or any award of costs against the Athlete,
remains unpaid, unless an instalment plan has been established pursuant to Article
10.10.1 and the Athlete has made all payments due under that plan. If any
instalment(s) become(s) overdue under that plan, the Athlete may not participate in
any International Competition until such overdue instalments are paid in full.
ARTICLE 11 CONSEQUENCES TO TEAMS
11.1 Where the Athlete who has committed an Anti-Doping Rule Violation competed as a member
of a relay team, the relay team shall be automatically Disqualified from the Event in question,
with all resulting consequences for the relay team, including the forfeiture of all titles, awards,
medals, points and prize and appearance money. If the Athlete who has committed an Anti-
Doping Rule Violation competes for a relay team in a subsequent Event in the Competition,
the relay team shall be Disqualified from the subsequent Event, with all the same resulting
consequences for the relay team, including the forfeiture of all titles, awards, medals, points

and prize money unless the Athlete establishes that he bears No Fault or Negligence for the
violation and that his participation in the relay was not likely to have been affected by the
11.2 Where the Athlete who has committed an Anti-Doping Rule Violation competed as a member
of a team other than a relay team, in an Event where a team ranking is based on the addition
of individual results, the team shall not be automatically disqualified from the Event in
question but the result of the Athlete committing the violation will be subtracted from the
team result and replaced with the result of the next applicable team member. If, by subtracting
the Athlete's result from the team's result, the number of Athletes counting for the team is less
than the required number, the team shall be disqualified. This same principle shall apply to
the calculation of a team result if the Athlete who has committed an Anti-Doping Rule
Violation competes for a team in a subsequent Event in the Competition unless the Athlete
establishes that he bears No Fault or Negligence for the violation and that his participation in
the team was not likely to have been affected by the Anti-Doping Rule Violation.
11.3. In addition to the Disqualification of the Athlete's individual results as determined in Article
10.8:
(a) the results of any relay team in which the Athlete competed shall be automatically
Disqualified, with all resulting consequences for the relay team, including the
forfeiture of all titles, awards, medals, points and prize money; and
(b) the results of any team other than a relay team in which the Athlete competed shall
not be automatically Disqualified but the result of the Athlete committing the Anti-
Doping Rule Violation will be subtracted from the team result and replaced with the
result of the next applicable team member. If, by subtracting the Athlete's result from
the team's result, the number of Athletes counting for the team is less than the
required number, the team shall be Disqualified.
11.4 Where more than one member of a relay or other team has been notified of an Anti-Doping
Rule Violation under Article 2 in connection with a Competition, the ruling body for the
Competition shall conduct appropriate Target Testing of the team during the Competition
Period.
ARTICLE 12 DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDINGS FOR NON-COMPLIANCE
12.1 Where an Athlete or other Person refuses or fails without compelling justification to comply
with any provision of these Anti-Doping Rules, but such refusal or failure does not fall within
any of the anti-doping rule violations defined in Article 2, the Athlete or Athlete Support
Person shall not be deemed to have committed an Anti-Doping Rule Violation and he shall
not be subject to any of the Consequences set out in Articles 9 and 10. However, disciplinary
proceedings may be brought against him before the Disciplinary Tribunal in accordance with
Article 8, and if the Disciplinary Tribunal finds that there has been such refusal or failure
without compelling justification then it shall impose upon the Athlete or Athlete Support
Person such sanctions as it sees fit (which may include, if it sees fit, a period during which the
Athlete or Athlete Support Person shall not be eligible to participate in the sport).
ARTICLE 13 APPEALS
13.1 Decisions Subject to Appeal
Unless specifically stated otherwise, decisions made under these Anti-Doping Rules may be
appealed only as set out in this Article 13. Such decisions shall remain in effect while under
appeal unless CAS orders otherwise. Before an appeal is commenced, any post-decision

review provided in these Anti-Doping Rules must be exhausted. Reviews of Demands made
by the chairperson of the Disciplinary Tribunal or his delegate in accordance with Article 7.8
are not subject to appeal under this Article 13 or otherwise.
13.1.1 Scope of Review Not Limited
The scope of review on appeal includes all relevant issues to the matter and is expressly not
limited to the issues or scope of review before the initial matter.
13.1.2 CAS shall not defer to the Findings being appealed
In making its decision, CAS need not give deference to the discretion exercised by the body
whose decision is being appealed.
13.1.3 WADA not required to exhaust internal remedies
Where WADA has a right of appeal under Article 13 and no other party has appealed a final
decision within the Anti-Doping Organisation's process, WADA may appeal such decision
directly to CAS without having to exhaust other remedies in the Anti-Doping Organisation's
process.
13.2 Appeals from Decisions Regarding Anti-Doping Rule Violations, Consequences,

Recognition of Decisions and Jurisdiction
13.2.1 The following is a non-exhaustive list of decisions regarding Anti-Doping Rule

Violations, Consequences, recognition of decisions and jurisdiction that may be
appealed under these Anti-Doping Rules: a decision that an Anti-Doping Rule
Violation has been committed, a decision imposing (or not imposing) Consequences
for an Anti-Doping Rule Violation, a decision that no Anti-Doping Rule Violation
has been committed, a decision failing to impose Consequences for an Anti-Doping
Rule Violation in accordance with these Rules, a decision that a case cannot go
forward for procedural reasons (including, for example, because too much time has
passed), a decision not to record an alleged Whereabouts Failure, a decision by
WADA not to grant an exception to the six month notice requirement for a retired
Athlete to return to Competition under Article 5.8.1, a decision by WADA assigning
results management under Code Article 7.1, a decision by the Integrity Unit not to
pursue an Adverse Analytical Finding or an Atypical Finding as an Anti-Doping Rule
Violation, a decision by the Integrity Unit not to bring a case after an investigation
under Article 5, a decision that the IAAF or the Disciplinary Tribunal lacks
jurisdiction to rule on an alleged Anti-Doping Rule Violation or its Consequences, a
decision to suspend (or not suspend) a period of Ineligibility or to reinstate (or not
reinstate) a suspended period of Ineligibility under Article 10.6.1, a decision under
Article 10.11.6 in relation to participation while Ineligible, and a decision by the
IAAF not to recognise another Anti-Doping Organisation's decision under Article 17.
13.2.2 Appeals involving International-Level Athletes or Athlete Support Persons or

International Competitions
In cases arising involving International-Level Athletes or Athlete Support Persons or

involving International Competitions, a decision may be appealed exclusively to
CAS.
13.2.3 Appeals involving Other Athletes or Other Persons
In cases where Article 13.2.2 does not apply, a decision of the Disciplinary Tribunal

may be appealed exclusively to CAS.
In all other cases, decisions made against Athletes or other Persons may be appealed
to an independent and impartial body in accordance with rules established by the
National Federation or National Anti-Doping Organisation. The rules for such appeal
shall respect the following principles:
 a timely hearing;
 a fair and impartial hearing panel;
 the right to be represented by counsel at the Person's own expense;
 the right to have an interpreter at the hearing at the Person's own expense; and
 a timely, written, reasoned decision.
The decision of the national level appeal body may be appealed in accordance with
Article 13.2.6.
13.2.4 Persons entitled to Appeal in cases involving International-Level Athletes or

Athlete Support Persons or involving International Competitions
In cases under Article 13.2.2, the following parties shall have the right to appeal to
CAS:
(a) the Athlete or Athlete Support Person who is the subject of the decision being
appealed;
(b) the other party to the case in which the decision was rendered;
(c) the IAAF;
(d) the National Anti-Doping Organisation of the Athlete or other Person's country
of residence or where the Athlete or other Person is a national or licence holder;
(e) the IOC or the International Paralympic Committee, as applicable (where the
decision may have an effect in relation to the Olympic Games or Paralympic
Games, including a decision affecting eligibility for the Olympic Games or
Paralympic Games or a result obtained at the Olympic or Paralympic Games);
and
(f) WADA.
13.2.5 Persons entitled to Appeal in cases involving other Athletes and other Persons
In cases under Article 13.2.3, the parties having the right to appeal the decision to the
national level appeal body shall be as provided in the National Federation or National
Anti-Doping Organisation's rules but, at a minimum, shall include the following
parties:
(a) the Athlete or other Person who is the subject of the decision being appealed;
(b) the other party to the case in which the decision was rendered;
(c) the Athlete or other Person's National Federation;

(d) the National Anti-Doping Organisation of the Athlete or other Person's country
of residence or where the Athlete or other Person is a national or licence holder;

(e) the IOC or the International Paralympic Committee, as applicable (where the
decision may have an effect in relation to the Olympic Games or Paralympic
Games, including a decision affecting eligibility for the Olympic Games or
Paralympic Games or a result obtained at the Olympic or Paralympic Games);
and
(f) WADA.
13.2.6 In cases under Article 13.2.5, the IAAF, the IOC, the IPC and WADA shall have the
right to appeal the decision of the national level appeal body to CAS.
13.2.7 In cases where Article 13.2.2 does not apply, the IAAF, the IOC, the IPC and WADA
shall have the right to appeal a decision of the relevant body of the National
Federation or National Anti-Doping Organisation direct to CAS in any of the
following circumstances:
(a) the National Federation or National Anti-Doping Organisation does not have an
appeal procedure in place at national level;
(b) there is no appeal made to the national level appeal body by any of the parties
in Article 13.2.5;
(c) the National Federation or National Anti-Doping Organisation's rules so

provide.
13.3 Failure to Render a Timely Decision:
Where, in a particular case, the Integrity Unit fails to decide whether an Anti-Doping Rule
Violation was committed within a reasonable deadline set by WADA, WADA may elect to
appeal directly to CAS as if the Integrity Unit had rendered a decision finding that no Anti-
Doping Rule Violation was committed. If CAS determines that an Anti-Doping Rule
Violation was committed and that WADA acted reasonably in electing to appeal directly to
CAS, then WADA's reasonable costs and legal fees in prosecuting the appeal shall be
reimbursed to WADA by the IAAF.
13.4 Appeals Relating to TUEs:
TUE decisions may be appealed exclusively as provided in Article 4.4 and the Anti-Doping
Regulations.
13.5 Appeals from Decisions Sanctioning Members for Failing to Comply with Anti-Doping
obligations
A decision by the Council pursuant to Article 16 to sanction a Member for failing to comply
with its anti-doping obligations under these Rules may be appealed exclusively to CAS.
13.6 Notification of Appeal Decisions
Any Anti-Doping Organisation that is a party to an appeal shall promptly provide the appeal
decision to the Athlete or other Person and to the other Anti-Doping Organisations that would
have been entitled to appeal under Article 13.2.4 and 13.2.5, as provided in Article 14.

13.7 Time for Filing Appeals:
13.7.1 The deadline for filing an appeal to CAS shall be 30 days from the date of receipt of
the reasoned decision in question by the appealing party (and where the IAAF is the
prospective appellant in a proceeding other than before the Disciplinary Tribunal, 30
days from the date of receipt of the full reasoned decision and the complete file
relating to the decision in English or French). Where the appellant is a party other
than the IAAF, to be a valid filing under this Article 13.7.1, a copy of the appeal must
be filed on the same day with the IAAF. Within 15 days of the deadline for filing the
statement of appeal, the appellant shall file his appeal brief with CAS and, within 30
days of receipt of the appeal brief, the respondent shall file his answer with CAS.
13.7.2 Notwithstanding Article 13.7.1, the filing deadline for an appeal by WADA shall be
the later of:
(a) 21 days after the last day on which any other party in the case could have
appealed; and
(b) 21 days after WADA's receipt of the complete file relating to the decision.
13.8 The decision as to whether:
(a) the IAAF should appeal to CAS;
(b) the IAAF should participate in any appeal or other proceeding before CAS, or before
any other tribunal, to which the IAAF is not a party;
(c) the IAAF shall suspend the Athlete or other Person pending the CAS decision or the
decision of the other tribunal
shall be taken by the Head of the Integrity Unit subject to the prior approval of the Integrity
Unit Board.
13.9 Appeal Procedure:
13.9.1 The CAS Code of Sports-related Arbitration, as modified or supplemented herein,

shall apply to all appeals filed pursuant to this Article 13.
13.9.2 A party with a right of appeal against a decision may, within 15 days of receipt of the
decision, request a copy of the full case file pertaining to the decision. Any party
filing an appeal shall be entitled to assistance from CAS to obtain all relevant
information from the parties to the decision being appealed, and the information shall
be provided if CAS so directs.
13.9.3 Cross appeals and other subsequent appeals by any respondent named in cases
brought to CAS under these Anti-Doping Rules are specifically permitted. Any party
with a right to appeal under this Article 13 must file a cross appeal or subsequent
appeal at the latest with its answer.
13.9.4 In all CAS appeals involving the IAAF, the CAS Panel shall be bound by the IAAF
Constitution, Rules and Regulations (including the Anti-Doping Rules and
Regulations). In the case of conflict between the CAS rules currently in force and the
IAAF Constitution, Rules and Regulations, the IAAF Constitution, Rules and
Regulations shall take precedence.

13.9.5 In all CAS appeals involving the IAAF, the governing law shall be Monegasque law
and the appeal shall be conducted in English, unless the parties agree otherwise.
13.9.6 The decision of CAS shall be final and binding on all parties, and no right of appeal
shall lie from the CAS decision. Subject to Article 14.1.5, the CAS decision shall be
Publicly Reported by the IAAF within 20 days of receipt. However, this mandatory
Public Reporting requirement shall not apply where the Player or other Person who
has been found to have committed an Anti-Doping Rule Violation is a Minor. Any
optional Public Reporting in a case involving a Minor shall be proportionate to the
facts and circumstances of the case.
ARTICLE 14 CONFIDENTIALITY AND REPORTING
14.1 Information concerning Adverse Analytical Findings, Atypical Findings and other
Asserted Anti-Doping Rule Violations
14.1.1 Notice of Anti-Doping Rule Violations to Athletes and Other Persons
Notice to Athletes and other Persons of Anti-Doping Rule Violations asserted against them
shall occur as provided under Article 7 and/or Article 8 above. Notice by the Integrity Unit to
an Athlete or other Person who is a member of or affiliated to a National Federation may be
accomplished by delivery of the notice to the National Federation.
14.1.2 Notice of Anti-Doping Rule Violations to National Anti-Doping Organisations

and WADA
Notice of the assertion of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation to National Anti-Doping

Organisations and WADA shall occur as provided under Article 7 and/or Article 8,
simultaneously with notice to the Athlete or other Person.
14.1.3 Content of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation Notice
Notification shall include; the Athlete's name, country, sport and discipline, the Athlete's
competitive level, whether the test was In-Competition or Out-of-Competition, the date of the
Sample collection, the analytical result reported by the laboratory and other information as
required by the International Standard for Testing and Investigations or, for Anti-Doping Rule
violations other than Article 2.1, the rule violated and the basis of the asserted violation.
14.1.4 Status Reports
Except with respect to investigations which have not resulted in notice of an Anti-Doping
Rule Violation pursuant to Article 14.1, National Federations, National Anti-Doping
Organisations and WADA shall be regularly updated on the status and findings of any review
or proceedings conducted pursuant to Articles 7, 8 and 13 and shall be provided with a
prompt written reasoned explanation or decision explaining the resolution of the matter.
14.1.5 Confidentiality
The recipient organisations shall not disclose the above information beyond those Persons
with a need to know (which may include appropriate personnel at the applicable National
Olympic Committee) until the Integrity Unit has made Public Disclosure or has failed to
make Public Disclosure as required in Article 14.3.

14.2 Notice of Anti-Doping Rule Violation Decisions and Request for Files
14.2.1 Anti-Doping Rule Violation decisions rendered pursuant to Articles 7, 8, 10 and 13

shall include the full reasons for the decision, including, if applicable, a justification
for why the greatest possible Consequences were not imposed. The decision shall be
provided in English or French.
14.2.2 An Anti-Doping Organisation having a right to appeal a decision received pursuant to

Article 14.2.1 may within 15 days of receipt request a copy of the full case file
pertaining to the decision.
14.3 Public Disclosure
14.3.1 The identity of the Athlete or other Person who is asserted to have committed an
Anti-Doping Rule Violation may be Publicly Disclosed by the Integrity Unit in
accordance with Article 14.3 only after notice has been provided to the Athlete or
other Person in accordance with Article 7 and/or Article 8 and simultaneously to the
National Federation, WADA and the National Anti-Doping Organisation of the
Athlete or other Person in accordance with Article 14.1.2.
14.3.2 No later than 20 days after it has been determined in a final appellate decision under
Article 13, or such appeal has been waived, or a hearing in accordance with Article 8
has been waived, or the assertion of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation has not been
timely challenged, the Integrity Unit shall Publicly Report the disposition of the
matter, including the discipline, the anti-doping rule violated, the name of the
Prohibited Substance or Method involved (if any) and the Consequences imposed.
The Integrity Unit shall Publicly Disclose within 20 days the results of final appeal
decisions concerning Anti-Doping Rule Violations, including the information
described above.
14.3.3 In any case where it is determined, after a hearing or appeal, that the Athlete or other
Person did not commit an Anti-Doping Rule Violation, the decision may be Publicly
Disclosed only with the consent of the Athlete or other Person who is the subject of
the decision. The IAAF shall use reasonable efforts to obtain such consent. If consent
is obtained, the IAAF shall Publicly Disclose the decision in its entirety or in such
redacted form as the Athlete or other Person may approve.
14.3.4 Publication shall be accomplished at a minimum by placing the required information

on the Integrity Unit website or publishing it through other means and leaving the
information up for the longer of one month or the duration of any period of
Ineligibility.
14.3.5 Neither the Integrity Unit, nor any National Federation, nor any official of either
body, shall publicly comment on the specific facts of any pending case (as opposed to
a general description of process and science) except in response to public comments
attributed to the Athlete or other Person against whom an Anti-Doping Rule Violation
is asserted or their representatives.
14.3.6 The mandatory Public Reporting required in Article 14.3.2 shall not be required
where the Athlete or other Person who has been found to have committed an Anti-
Doping Rule Violation is a Minor. Any optional Public Reporting in a case involving
a Minor shall be proportionate to the facts and circumstances of the case.

14.4 Statistical Reporting
The IAAF shall publish at least annually a general statistical report of its Doping Control
activities, with a copy provided to WADA.
14.5 Doping Control Information Clearinghouse
WADA shall act as a central clearinghouse for Doping Control Testing data and results,
including, in particular, Athlete Biological Passport data for International-Level Athletes and
National-Level Athletes and whereabouts information for Athletes including those in
Registered Testing Pools. To facilitate coordinated test distribution planning and to avoid
unnecessary duplication in Testing by various Anti-Doping Organisations, each Anti-Doping
Organisation shall report all In-Competition and Out-of-Competition tests on such Athletes to
the WADA clearinghouse, using ADAMS or another system approved by WADA as soon as
possible after such tests have been conducted.
14.6 Data Privacy
14.6.1 The Integrity Unit may collect, store, process or disclose personal information
relating to Athletes and other Persons where necessary and appropriate to conduct its
anti-doping activities under the Code, the International Standards (including
specifically the International Standard for the Protection of Privacy and Personal
Information) and these Anti-Doping Rules.
14.6.2 Any Participant who submits information including personal data to any Person in
accordance with these Anti-Doping Rules shall be deemed to have agreed, pursuant to
applicable data protection laws and otherwise, that such information may be
collected, processed, disclosed and used by such Person for the purposes of the
implementation of these Anti-Doping Rules, in accordance with the International
Standard for the Protection of Privacy and Personal Information and otherwise as
required to implement these Anti-Doping Rules.
ARTICLE 15 NATIONAL FEDERATION ANTI-DOPING OBLIGATIONS

15.1 Introduction
15.1.1 The IAAF has a responsibility under the Code to require that the policies, rules and
programmes of its National Federations are in compliance with the Code and to take
appropriate action to discourage non-compliance.
15.1.2 This Article 15 establishes a framework of National Federation anti-doping

obligations that is designed to ensure that National Federations have rules and policies
that are compliant with the Code but also that National Federations take ultimate
responsibility for the delivery of strong and effective anti-doping programmes in
Athletics in their respective jurisdictions. The Integrity Unit shall monitor the
compliance of National Federations with their obligations under this Article and shall
either work with non-compliant National Federations to ensure that they become
compliant or shall refer non-compliant National Federations to the IAAF Council for
sanction. The ultimate objective is to ensure that strong, compliant anti-doping
programmes are being applied and enforced in Athletics consistently and effectively
so that clean Athletes can have confidence that there is a fair competition on a level
playing field and that public confidence in the integrity of Athletics can be
maintained.

15.2 General
15.2.1 It is a condition of membership of the IAAF that each National Federation shall
comply with these Anti-Doping Rules. The obligation to comply is an absolute one
such that it is not necessary to prove fault or intent on the part of a National
Federation to establish a breach of these Anti-Doping Rules.
15.2.2 National Federations shall take all necessary measures within their powers to
implement and comply with these Anti-Doping Rules.
15.2.3 Without limitation to the above, it is acknowledged that, in some jurisdictions, certain
anti-doping functions may be delegated or assigned to a Relevant Anti-Doping
Organisation, whether voluntarily by the National Federation or as a matter of
applicable national legislation or regulation. In such cases, a National Federation may
achieve compliance with these Anti-Doping Rules through the actions of the Relevant
Anti-Doping Organisation but, if the Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation fails to meet
the requirements of the National Federation under these Anti-Doping Rules, the
National Federation will be held to be in breach.
15.2.4 For the avoidance of doubt, where a National Federation is held to be in breach of
these Rules, it shall be no defence that:
(a) its obligations have been delegated or assigned to a Relevant Anti-Doping

Organisation whether voluntarily by the National Federation or as a matter of
applicable national legislation or regulation;
(b) the breach has been caused by interference by, and/or a failure to provide
support or other act or omission by, any governmental or other public
authorities.
15.2.5 For the purposes of these Rules, a National Federation shall be liable and deemed
responsible for the acts and omissions of its servants, agents, employees, directors or
officials (and for the acts and omissions of any servants, agents, employees, directors
or officials of the Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation to which its obligations under
these Anti-Doping Rules have been delegated or assigned).
15.3 Categorisation of National Federations
15.3.1 For the purposes of this Article 15, National Federations shall be categorized
according to their doping risk to the sport in descending order, categories A, B and C
(category A National Federations having the highest doping risk to the sport and
category 'C' National Federations having the lowest doping risk to the sport).
15.3.2 The specific obligations of a National Federation as set out in this Article 15 will be
determined by its assigned category. Certain obligations will apply to all National
Federations whilst others will apply depending on the category in which the National
Federation is placed.
15.3.3 Prior to the commencement of each year, the Integrity Unit Board shall determine in
its absolute discretion the category of each National Federation by taking into account
the following factors:
(a) the doping history of Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons
under the jurisdiction of the National Federation;

(b) confidential intelligence or other information provided by the Integrity Unit;
(c) the success of the National Federation in International Competitions or in

particular International Competitions, whether as a whole or in particular
disciplines;
(d) any significant improvement in the performance of the National Federation’s

Athletes at any level of competition;
(e) the number of athletes representing the National Federation in International

Competitions or in particular International Competitions;
(f) compliance by the National Federation with this Article 15;
(g) any other matter the Integrity Unit in its absolute discretion thinks fit.
15.3.4 In respect of a determination of the Integrity Unit Board under Article 15.3.3:
(a) the Integrity Unit Board may adopt such process for making a determination as
it deems fit;
(b) the Integrity Unit Board is not required to give reasons for its determination;
(c) the Integrity Unit Board is not required to disclose any confidential intelligence
or other information that formed part of its decision making;
(d) the determination is not subject to appeal or review.
15.3.5 In the event that a National Federation’s category is changed from one year to the
next taking into consideration the factors in Article 15.3.3, the Integrity Unit Board
may, in its absolute discretion, stay the effect of its determination, or any part of it, for
such period and upon such conditions as it deems appropriate to permit the orderly
transition of the National Federation to compliance with the new requirements.
15.3.6 In exceptional cases (including without limitation new intelligence or information

becoming available), the Integrity Unit Board may change a National Federation's
assigned category from Category 'B' to Category 'A' during the course of the year. In
such cases, the Integrity Unit Board shall impose on the National Federation for that
year such of the specific obligations for Category 'A' National Federations in Article
15.5 as it deems to be appropriate (in the same or modified form) and upon such
notice as it considers to be reasonable in the circumstances.
15.4 General Obligations Applying to All National Federations
15.4.1 General Conduct of National Federations
A National Federation shall be held to be in breach of the Anti-Doping Rules if either

it or the Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation:
(a) engages in conduct in relation to or associated with doping in Athletics or the

implementation or administration of these Anti-Doping Rules that is likely to
prejudice the interests of the IAAF or bring the sport of Athletics into
disrepute;

(b) engages in any dishonest, corrupt, fraudulent or improper act or practice in
relation to doping in Athletics, or the administration or implementation of these
Anti-Doping Rules;
(c) conducts itself negligently or recklessly in response to any risk of doping in

Athletics in its jurisdiction;
(d) obstructs or frustrates anti-doping processes in Athletics from occurring;
(e) obstructs, hinders or delays an investigation conducted by the Integrity Unit

pursuant to these Anti-Doping Rules (e.g., by providing false, misleading or
incomplete information or documentation, by tampering with or destroying any
documentation or other information that may be relevant to the investigation, or
by interfering with or taking reprisals against any witness to an investigation).
15.4.2 Adoption of compliant rules and regulations
(a) National Federations shall incorporate these Anti-Doping Rules either directly
or by reference into their rules, or shall establish rules the same as these Anti-
Doping Rules, so that the National Federation may enforce these Anti-Doping
Rules directly against all Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons
under its jurisdiction.
(b) National Federations shall require in their rules that all Athletes and each
Athlete Support Person and other Person who participates as coach, trainer,
manager, team staff, official, medical or paramedical personnel in a
Competition or activity authorised or organised by a National Federation or one
of its member organisations agree to be bound by these Anti-Doping Rules and
to submit to the results management authority of the Anti-Doping Organisation
responsible under these Anti-Doping Rules as a condition of such participation.
(c) National Federations shall have disciplinary rules in place to prevent Athlete
Support Personnel who are Using Prohibited Substances or Prohibited Methods
without valid justification from providing support to Athletes under their
jurisdiction.
(d) National Federations shall include in their rules specific provisions to ensure
that the IAAF may through the Integrity Unit apply these Anti-Doping Rules
directly as against all Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons
under their jurisdiction, including the servants, agents, employees, directors and
officials of the National Federation.
15.4.3 Mechanism for Reporting Doping

it or the Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation for its jurisdiction fails to:
(a) take reasonable steps to promote actively an open environment that encourages
Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other whistle-blowers to report on
doping and other non-compliant situations (including the intimidation of or
threats to Athletes or DCOs by Athlete Support Personnel);
(b) put in place effective mechanisms (e.g., hotlines, email addresses for the
provision of tip-offs) to enable doping and other non-compliant situations to be
reported directly to a designated individual or entity at national or regional

level whose function is to assist the person reporting the information and/or to
the Integrity Unit and/or to WADA.
15.4.4 Obligation to pursue and report all apparent Anti-Doping Rule Violations

it or the Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation for its jurisdiction fails to:
(a) pursue in a proper and timely fashion (including the timely notification of all
such cases to the Integrity Unit) all apparent Anti-Doping Rule Violations
committed by their Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons;
(b) report to the Integrity Unit on a timely basis any information in its possession,
suggesting or relating in any way to an apparent Anti-Doping Rule Violation by
an Athlete, Athlete Support Person or other Person under its jurisdiction.
Thereafter, the National Federation or Relevant National Anti-Doping
Organisation must cooperate and assist fully with the Integrity Unit in the
investigation of that information, including (without limitation) reporting any
further information received on the same or any related subject;
(c) investigate a possible violation of these Anti-Doping Rules by one or more

Athlete, Athlete Support Person or other Person under the National Federation's
jurisdiction (where appropriate, acting in conjunction with any other relevant
national authority or body) when requested by the Integrity Unit to do so and
provide a written report on such investigation within a reasonable time period
as stipulated by the Integrity Unit.
15.4.5 Reporting and Results Management obligations
A National Federation shall be held to be in breach of these Anti-Doping Rules if

either it or the Relevant National Anti-Doping Organisation for its jurisdiction fails:
(a) to notify the Integrity Unit in writing of all relevant results management
activities in accordance with these Anti-Doping Rules;
(b) to notify the Integrity Unit promptly, and in all circumstances, within 14 days,
of any Adverse Analytical Finding or Atypical Finding obtained in the course
of Testing, together with the name of the Athlete concerned and all documents
relevant to the Adverse Analytical Finding or Atypical Finding in question;
(c) to notify the Integrity Unit promptly of any other Anti-Doping Rule Violation
asserted against an Athlete, Athlete Support Person or other Person;
(d) in the case of proceedings other than before the Disciplinary Tribunal, to
conduct a hearing process in accordance with Article 8.10 for any Person who
is asserted to have committed an Anti-Doping Rule Violation. The hearing
process shall provide at a minimum for: a fair hearing within a reasonable time;
before a fair and impartial hearing panel; with a timely, written reasoned
decision; and (for cases other than those under Article 13.2.2) a right of appeal
to an independent and impartial body in accordance with rules established by
the National Federation and/or the Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation;
(e) to notify the Integrity Unit in writing within 5 working days of any decision
taken under these Anti-Doping Rules that is subject to an appeal in accordance
with Article 13 (and to provide the Integrity Unit with a copy of the written

reasons for the decision in English or French and a copy of the complete file
upon request);
(f) to notify the Integrity Unit within 5 days of the commencement of any appeal
(including to CAS) to which the National Federation and/or an Athlete, Athlete
Support Person or other Person is a party that arises from a decision taken
within its jurisdiction. At the time of notification, the National Federation or
Relevant National Anti-Doping Organisation shall ensure that the Integrity Unit
receives a copy of the statement of appeal in the case;
(g) to respect fully decisions taken under these Anti-Doping Rules in respect of
Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons and to give assistance to
the Integrity Unit to enforce such decisions where necessary;
(h) to ensure that any medals forfeited by Athletes due to the Disqualification of
their results are delivered to the IAAF within 30 days of receipt of the final
appellate decision on Disqualification or the expiry of the time limit to appeal.
15.4.6 Personnel related to Anti-Doping
(a) Each National Federation shall take all reasonable measures when engaging or
funding Athlete Support Personnel or other Persons to work with Athletes to
ensure that such persons are of good character and repute and that the risk of
doping in relation to their engagement is minimised.
(b) National Federations shall keep and maintain a complete, accurate and up to
date register of Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons that they engage
or fund to work with Athletes.
(c) The register of Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons referred to in
Article 15.4.6(b) shall be maintained in such form and shall contain such details
as required by the Integrity Unit from time to time. The register must be made
available for inspection by the Integrity Unit upon request.
(d) Where any person contracted to a National Federation (whether as an employee

or a consultant, agent or adviser), holding an office or directorship with a
National Federation or sitting on a National Federation committee or
commission is found to have committed an Anti-Doping Rule Violation, the
National Federation shall terminate its relationship with that person
immediately, unless otherwise required by law or agreed with the Integrity
Unit.
15.4.7 Medical treatment and supplementation
(a) National Federations shall keep and maintain complete, accurate and up to date
records of all relevant treatments (as defined in Article 15.4.7(b)) that have
been administered or dispensed to Athletes under the jurisdiction of the
National Federation either by:
(i) the National Federation itself, or by one of the National Federation’s

office-holders, employees, servants, agents, consultants or advisers; or
(ii) another person on behalf of the National Federation; or
(iii) a person authorised by the National Federation to do so; or

(iv) a person funded (in cash or in kind) by the National Federation to do so.
(b) For the purposes of Article 15.4.7(a), relevant treatments are all medications,
drugs, therapeutic substances and performance supplements administered or
dispensed to Athletes.
(c) The records referred to in Article 15.4.7(a) shall include full and proper details
of any relevant treatment administered or dispensed to an Athlete including
without limitation:
(i) the reason for treatment of the Athlete and the dates, places and times the
treatment was administered or dispensed;
(ii) the names of Person(s) administering or dispensing the treatment;
(iii) the names of the Athlete who was treated;
(iv) the method of administration to the Athlete;
(v) the dosages administered or dispensed to the Athlete;
(vi) the instructions provided when dispensing the treatment.
(d) Without limiting any other part of these Rules, upon request of the Integrity
Unit for good cause made in accordance with these Rules, a National
Federation shall produce the records required to be maintained under this
Article 15.4.7 for inspection.
(e) For the avoidance of doubt, it is the responsibility of the National Federation to
ensure that its employees, service providers and consultants maintain and
provide the records necessary for compliance with this Article 15.4.7.
(f) In addition to the other requirements of this Article 15.4.7, National

Federations shall provide the Integrity Unit upon request with a complete,
accurate and up to date list of all medications, drugs, therapeutic substances and
performance supplements that they intend to import into a country for the
purposes of treating their National Team at any IAAF World Athletics Series
competition and shall explain, if requested, the reason for such medications or
supplements and for which Athletes they are intended.
(g) Compliance with this Article is subject to any Personal Information being
processed in accordance with the International Standard for the Protection of
Privacy and Personal Information and in accordance with applicable data
protection laws.
15.4.8 Therapeutic Use Exemptions
A National Federation shall be held to be in breach of these Anti-Doping Rules if

either it or the Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation for its jurisdiction fails:
(a) to put in place a TUE Committee and a documented process for national-level
Athletes to apply for the grant of a TUE in accordance with the requirements of
the International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions;

(b) to report promptly to the IAAF and WADA any TUEs that are granted to
national-level Athletes (and to ensure the timely entry of TUE decisions on
ADAMS).
15.5 Specific Obligations for Category ‘A’ National Federations
15.5.1 Testing
(a) A Category ‘A’ National Federation shall be held to be in breach of these Anti-
Doping Rules if there is not an effective, intelligent and proportionate annual
Testing plan maintained and implemented in Athletics within its jurisdiction
that complies with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations and
the requirements of Article 15.5.1(b) (‘Testing Plan').
(b) The Testing Plan must:
(i) have the objective of ensuring that all Athletes in the pool from which a
National Team is likely to be selected for the IAAF World
Championships or Olympic Games, and who are not already on the
International Registered Testing Pool, are adequately tested in
accordance with the requirements of this Article;
(ii) be in place, properly documented (including the names of all the Athletes
in the pool and applicable test distribution details) and notified to the
Integrity Unit by no later than 1 January each year and thereafter kept
up-to-date;
(iii) include in-competition testing, no notice out-of-competition testing and

pre-competition blood testing for screening purposes (Athlete Biological
Passport) and analyses as prescribed under WADA’s Technical
Document on Sport-Specific Analyses (TDSSA);
(iv) provide for all samples to be analysed by WADA-accredited (or WADA-

approved) laboratories for full menu analysis (or, in the case of ABP
samples, for full ABP analysis) and the results must be reported
continuously to the Integrity Unit and WADA in accordance with the
requirements of the International Standard for Laboratories. Relevant
doping control forms must be recorded on ADAMS and copies made
available to the Integrity Unit upon request;
(v) provide for co-operation and co-ordination between any Relevant

National Anti-Doping Organisation and the Integrity Unit in accordance
with Article 4.9 of the WADA International Standard for Testing and
Investigations to further the objective set out in Article 15.5.1(b);
(vi) provide for reporting against the performance of the Testing Plan on the
request of the Integrity Unit, in a form and manner as required by the
Integrity Unit.
(c) Unless otherwise approved by the Integrity Unit in exceptional circumstances,

no Athlete may participate as part of a National Team of a Category ‘A’
National Federation in the IAAF World Championships or Olympic Games
unless, in the 10 months prior to the competition, he or she has undergone at
least three no notice out-of-competition tests (urine and blood) including (if he
or she competes in any of a middle distance event from 800m upwards, a long

distance event, a combined event or a race walk event) at least one Athlete
Biological Passport test and one EPO test. All such tests are to be conducted no
less than 3 weeks apart and the results recorded in ADAMS. Category ‘A’
National Federations shall ensure that all Athletes to whom this requirement
may be relevant receive effective written notice of it by no later than 1 January
of each year.
(d) The Integrity Unit has responsibility to ensure that the testing requirements of
Article 15.5.1(c) are fulfilled for Category ‘A’ Athletes in the International
Registered Testing Pool and it is the responsibility of Category ‘A’ National
Federations (or a Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation on behalf of the National
Federation) to ensure that these requirements are fulfilled for all other Athletes.
15.5.2 Whereabouts
(a) Without limiting any other Article, and in particular the personal obligations of
Athletes under Article 5.7, Category ‘A’ National Federations must take all
necessary steps to ensure that Athletes in the International Registered Testing
Pool maintain detailed, complete, accurate and up-to-date whereabouts
information as required by these Anti-Doping Rules and the IAAF Anti-Doping
Regulations.
(b) In determining whether a Category ‘A’ National Federation has complied with
Article 15.5.2(a), it is deemed to be the responsibility of Category ‘A’ National
Federations to ensure and monitor that its Athletes in the International
Registered Testing Pool are properly educated about, aware of and compliant
with the whereabouts requirements set out in the IAAF Anti-Doping Rules and
Regulations.
15.5.3 Anti-Doping Education
(a) A Category ‘A’ National Federation shall ensure that every Athlete in a
National Team for a IAAF World Athletics Series competition and all Athlete
Support Personnel under its jurisdiction participating in such a competition are
subject to mandatory anti-doping education programmes that provide updated
and accurate information on at least the following issues: substances and
methods on the Prohibited List, Anti-Doping Rule Violations, Consequences of
doping, including sanctions, health and social consequences, doping control
procedures, Athletes and Athletes Support Personnel’s rights and
responsibilities, TUEs, managing the risks of nutritional supplements, harm of
doping to the spirit of sport and whereabouts requirements.
(b) Category ‘A’ National Federations shall be required to co-operate with the
Integrity Unit with regards to the development and implementation of anti-
doping education programmes.
15.5.4 Anti-Doping Governance Committee
(a) Each Category ‘A’ National Federation shall establish a suitably qualified and
experienced Anti-Doping Monitoring Committee to oversee and ensure the
organisation’s compliance with the requirements of this Article 15. The
composition of the Anti-Doping Monitoring Committee is at the discretion of
the National Federation and may include both internal and independent
members.

(b) Each Category ‘A’ National Federation shall, upon request, provide the
Integrity Unit with details of the names, backgrounds and responsibilities of
each person sitting on the Anti-Doping Monitoring Committee, the terms of
reference of such committee and keep such information up-to-date.
(c) Each Category 'A' National Federation shall appoint a dedicated employee to
act as the point of contact between the Integrity Unit and the National
Federation's Anti-Doping Monitoring Committee and it shall notify the name
and contact details of the appointed person to the Integrity Unit.
15.5.5 Other Specific Obligations
In addition to the specific obligations set out in Article 15.5 above, the Council, upon
recommendation of the Integrity Unit Board, may impose such other obligations on a
Category 'A' National Federation as it deems fit and for such period as it deems to be
reasonable and appropriate having regard to the specific circumstances of the National
Federation or Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation's anti-doping programme and/or the
anti-doping situation in the National Federation's country.
15.6 Specific Obligations for Category ‘B’ National Federations
15.6.1 Testing
(a) Category ‘B’ National Federations shall ensure that, in relation to the pool of
athletes from which the National Team for any IAAF World Championships or
Olympic Games is likely to be selected, there is an effective, intelligent and
proportionate Testing plan maintained and implemented at national level that
complies with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations and the
requirements of Article 15.6.1(b) (‘Testing Plan’).
(b) The Testing Plan must:
(i) have the objective of ensuring that athletes selected by a National

Federation for any IAAF World Championships or Olympic Games, and
who are not already on the International Registered Testing Pool, are
adequately tested prior to the relevant competition in accordance with the
requirements of this Article;
(ii) be in place, properly documented (including the names of all the athletes
in the pool and applicable test distribution details) and notified to the
Integrity Unit no later than 9 months prior to the relevant competition
and thereafter kept up-to-date;
(iii) include in-competition Testing, no notice out-of-competition Testing and

pre-competition blood Testing for screening purposes (Athlete Biological
Passport) and analyses as prescribed under WADA’s Technical
Document on Sport-Specific Analyses (TDSSA);
(iv) provide for all samples to be analysed by WADA-accredited (or WADA-

approved) laboratories for full menu analysis (or, in the case of ABP
samples, for full ABP analysis);
(v) provide for the results of tests to be recorded in a timely manner on

ADAMS or otherwise to be notified in a form agreed by the Integrity
Unit;

(vi) provide for co-operation and co-ordination between any Relevant Anti-
Doping Organisation and the Integrity Unit in accordance with Article
4.9 of the WADA International Standard for Testing and Investigations
to further the objective set out in Article 15.6.1(b)(i);
(vii) provide for reporting against the performance of the Testing Plan on the
request of the Integrity Unit.
(c) For the purposes of Article 15.6.1(a), each National Federation shall ensure as a
minimum that it:
(i) communicates with the Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation about the

National Federation’s obligations under this Article 15.6.1;
(ii) requests and advocates for the support of the Relevant Anti-Doping
Organisation to maintain and implement the Testing Plan;
(iii) if required, requests and advocates for funding to maintain and

implement the Testing Plan;
(iv) engages with any Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation and the Integrity
Unit from the earliest practicable time to provide information about the
pool of athletes from which the National Team for any IAAF World
Championships or Olympic Games is likely to be selected in order to
develop an appropriate Testing Plan;
(v) keeps up to date the information referred to in Article 15.6.1(c)(iv)

throughout the duration of the Testing Plan;
(vi) facilitates, requests and advocates for co-operation and co-ordination

between any Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation and the Integrity Unit.
15.6.2 Anti-Doping Oversight Function
(a) Each Category 'B' National Federation shall have sufficient resources within its
governance and/or management structure to oversee and ensure the
organisation’s compliance with the requirements of this Article 15. Each
Category ‘B’ National Federation shall appoint one person as the primary
contact for the Integrity Unit who shall have the requisite authority to represent
the National Federation.
(b) Each Category ‘B’ National Federation shall, upon request, provide the
Integrity Unit with details of the names, backgrounds and responsibilities of
each person appointed to oversee and ensure the organisation’s compliance
with the requirements of this Article 15 and shall keep such information up-to-
date.
(a) A Category ‘B’ National Federation shall use its best endeavours to ensure that
every Athlete in a National Team for a IAAF World Athletics Series
competition and all Athlete Support Personnel under its jurisdiction
participating in such a competition are subject to mandatory anti-doping
education programmes that provide updated and accurate information on at
least the following issues: substances and methods on the Prohibited List, Anti-

Doping Rule Violations, Consequences of doping, including sanctions, health
and social consequences, doping control procedures, Athletes and Athletes
Support Personnel’s rights and responsibilities, TUEs, managing the risks of
nutritional supplements, harm of doping to the spirit of sport and whereabouts
requirements.
(b) Category ‘B’ National Federations shall co-operate with the Integrity Unit with
regards to the development and implementation of anti-doping education
programmes.
15.6.4 Other Specific Obligations
In addition to the specific obligations set out in Article 15.6 above, the Council, upon
recommendation of the Integrity Unit Board, may impose such other obligations on a
Category 'B' National Federation as it deems fit and for such period as it deems to be
reasonable and appropriate having regard to the specific circumstances of the National
Federation's anti-doping programme and/or the anti-doping situation in the National
Federation's jurisdiction.
15.7 Specific Obligations for Category ‘C’ National Federations
15.7.1 Testing
(a) Category ‘C’ National Federations shall take all reasonable steps to ensure that
Athletes selected in the National Team for any IAAF World Championships or
Olympic Games are subject to Testing prior to the Competition.
(b) Each Category ‘C’ National Federation shall report on an annual basis in a form
and manner as determined by the Integrity Unit, all Testing conducted at national
level. The annual report shall include relevant details as determined by the
Integrity Unit from time to time.
(a) A Category ‘C’ National Federation shall use its best endeavours to ensure that
every Athlete in a National Team for a IAAF World Athletics Series competition
and all Athlete Support Personnel under its jurisdiction participating in such a
competition are subject to mandatory anti-doping education programmes that
provide updated and accurate information about the substances and methods on
the Prohibited List, Anti-Doping Rule Violations and the Consequences of
doping, including sanctions.
(b) Category ‘C’ National Federations shall to co-operate with the Integrity Unit
with regards to the development and implementation of anti-doping education
programmes.
15.8 Investigations by the Integrity Unit
15.8.1 The Integrity Unit shall have the power to conduct investigations into matters that it
believes may evidence or lead to the discovery of evidence of an Anti-Doping Rule
Violation or a breach of this Article 15 by a National Federation. Such investigations
may be conducted in conjunction with, and/or information obtained in such
investigations may be shared with, other Signatories and/or relevant authorities or
other bodies. The Integrity Unit will have discretion, where it deems it appropriate, to
stay its own investigation pending the outcome of investigations being conducted by

other Signatories and/or relevant authorities or other bodies. The mere existence of
another investigation does not entitle the subject of an investigation to seek a stay of
the investigation being carried out by the Integrity Unit.
15.8.2 All National Federations must co-operate and assist fully with any investigation
conducted by the Integrity Unit pursuant to this Article 15 or any other of these Anti-
Doping Rules and a refusal or failure to do so without compelling justification shall
be considered a serious breach of its obligations under these Anti-Doping Rules.
15.8.3 The Integrity Unit may make a written demand (Demand) to a National Federation to
provide the Integrity Unit with any information, record, article, or thing in its
possession or control that the Head of the Integrity Unit reasonably believes may
evidence or lead to the discovery of evidence of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation or a
breach of this Article 15 by a National Federation.
15.8.4 Without limiting the foregoing, pursuant to Article 15.8.3, the Integrity Unit may
require a National Federation to:
(a) procure the attendance and co-operation of any of its office holders, employees,
servants or agents before the Integrity Unit for an interview, or to answer any
question, or to provide a written statement setting out his or her knowledge of
any relevant facts and circumstances;
(b) provide (or procure to the best of its ability the provision by any third party) for
inspection, copying and/or downloading any records or files in hardcopy or
electronic format, that the Head of the Integrity Unit believes in good faith may
contain relevant information (such as itemised telephone bills, bank statements,
ledgers, notes, files, correspondence, emails, messages, servers);
(c) provide (or procure to the best of its ability the provision by any third party) for
inspection, copying and/or downloading any electronic storage device in which
the Head of the Integrity Unit believes in good faith relevant information may
be stored (such as cloud-based servers, computers, hard drives, tapes, disks,
mobile telephones, laptop computers, tablets and other mobile storage devices);
(d) provide full and unlimited access to the National Federation's premises for the
purpose of securing information, records, articles or things the subject of a
Demand;
(e) provide passwords, login credentials and other identifying information required
to access electronically stored records that are the subject of a Demand;
(f) procure the full co-operation of its office holders, employees, servants, agents,
consultants and contractors in responding to the Demand.
15.8.5 Subject to Article 15.8.6, a National Federation must comply with a Demand in such
reasonable period of time as determined by the Integrity Unit and set out in the
Demand. Each National Federation (and each of its office-holders, employees,
servants, agents, consultants or advisers) waives and forfeits any rights, defences and
privileges provided by any law in any jurisdiction to withhold any information,
record, article, or thing requested in a Demand.
15.8.6 Where a Demand relates to any information, record, article or thing that in the opinion
of the Head of the Integrity Unit is capable of being damaged, altered, destroyed or
hidden (any electronic storage device, or electronically stored information shall be

deemed to meet this criteria), then for the purposes of evidence preservation, the
Integrity Unit may require a National Federation to comply immediately with the
Demand. In such a case:
(a) the National Federation must immediately comply with the Demand and permit
the Integrity Unit to take immediate possession of, copy and/or download the
information, record, article or thing, however, the Integrity Unit may not
immediately inspect the same;
(b) a National Federation has 7 days from receipt of the Demand to file an
objection to the Demand by requesting a review by the chairperson of the
Disciplinary Tribunal (or his delegate) in accordance with Article 15.8.7;
(c) if a National Federation does not file an objection within 7 days of receipt of
the Demand, or notifies the Integrity Unit that is does not object to the Demand,
or the Disciplinary Tribunal rules that the Demand is valid, the Integrity Unit
may forthwith inspect the information, record, article or thing and otherwise
make use of it in accordance with this Article;
(d) if the Disciplinary Tribunal rules the Demand to be invalid, the information,
record, article or thing and any copy or download of same shall either be
immediately returned or destroyed as the case requires;
(e) in all cases under this Article, the requirement of Article 15.1.1(a) for a
National Federation to immediately comply with a Demand is paramount and a
failure to do so shall be deemed to be a serious breach of Article 15.8.2
incapable of remedy.
15.8.7 A National Federation may object to a Demand on the basis that it does not comply
with the requirements of Article 15.8.3 or 15.8.4 by application to the chairperson of
the Disciplinary Tribunal within 7 days of receiving the Demand. Where such an
application is made, subject always to Article 15.8.6, the time for complying with a
Demand shall be stayed pending the outcome of the objection. The chairperson of the
Disciplinary Tribunal or his delegate shall hear such an objection with as much
expediency as the justice of the case permits and, unless exceptional circumstances
apply, such hearing shall be by way of written evidence and submissions. The ruling
of the Disciplinary Tribunal as to the validity of the Demand shall not be subject to
appeal. If a Demand is set aside, it shall not preclude the making of any other valid
Demand in relation to the same investigation.
15.8.8 If a National Federation or Area Association fails to comply with a Demand that has
not been ruled invalid under Article 15.8.7, it shall constitute a serious breach of
Article 15.8.2 and be sanctioned with the highest degree of fault.
15.8.9 Any information, record, article or thing provided to the Integrity Unit under this
Article 15.8 will be kept confidential except where it is disclosed for the purpose of
furthering the investigation or as part of proceedings relating to a possible Anti-
Doping Rule Violation or breach of any of the IAAF Rules, or when such
information, record, article or thing is reported to administrative, professional or
judicial authorities pursuant to an investigation or prosecution of non-sporting laws or
regulations, or is otherwise required by law.
15.8.10 If a National Federation obstructs or delays an investigation (e.g., by providing false,

misleading or incomplete information or documentation and/or by tampering or
destroying any documentation or other information that may be relevant to the

investigation), this may itself constitute an independent serious breach of these Anti-
Doping Rules.
15.9 Monitoring and Referral to Council by the Integrity Unit
15.9.1 The Integrity Unit shall have the power to monitor the anti-doping processes,
practices and activities (Anti-Doping Programmes) of National Federations to assist
in the proper categorization of National Federations under Article 15.3 and to ensure
the compliance of National Federations with their obligations under this Article 15.
15.9.2 In furtherance of its power under Article 15.8.3, the Integrity Unit may require a
National Federation to produce any record, supply any information, compile any
report or data and answer any questions as the Integrity Unit considers to be necessary
from time to time and to do so within a reasonable time. The Integrity Unit may
prioritise its compliance monitoring in particular areas and/or in particular countries.
15.9.3 If the Integrity Unit Board considers that a National Federation is in breach of this
Article 15, it may:
(a) give the National Federation the opportunity to address the non-compliance
within a specified timeframe and so achieve compliance; or
(b) issue the National Federation with a notice of charge in relation to an alleged
breach of these Anti-Doping Rules and give the National Federation a
reasonable period of time in which to respond to the notice. After consideration
of any response, the Integrity Unit Board may refer the matter to Council to be
dealt with in accordance with Article 16, together with such recommendation(s)
as the Integrity Unit Board sees fit.
15.9.4 If a National Federation fails to address its non-compliance when given the
opportunity to do so in accordance with Article 15.1.1(a), the Integrity Unit Board
may refer the matter to the Council in accordance with Article 15.1.1(b).
15.9.5 In the interests of transparency and accountability, the Integrity Unit may publish as
much detail as it considers appropriate about its general compliance monitoring
programme.
ARTICLE 16 SANCTIONS AGAINST NATIONAL FEDERATIONS
16.1 Where any of the following circumstances apply, the Council shall have authority to impose
one or more of the sanctions referred to in Article 16.2 on any National Federation and to do so
subject to any conditions it sees fit:
(a) a National Federation is in breach of its obligations under Article 15 of these Anti-
Doping Rules;
(b) three or more Anti-Doping Rule Violations have been committed by International-Level
Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel or other Persons from a National Federation within a
period of 1 year starting from the date of the first Anti-Doping Rule Violation and,
having regard to the number and seriousness of the violations, the number of Athletes
competing internationally from the National Federation and the relevant time frame
concerned, the Council is of the opinion, in its entire discretion, that the National
Federation has thereby brought the IAAF into disrepute.

16.2 In accordance with Article 16.1, the Council may:
(a) suspend the National Federation until the next meeting of the Congress or for any shorter
period;
(b) provisionally suspend a National Federation pending a hearing;
(c) caution or censure the National Federation;
(d) issue fines against the National Federation;
(e) withhold grants or subsidies from the National Federation;
(f) exclude the National Federation’s Athletes from any one or more International
Competition;
(g) limit the number of the National Federation’s Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and
other Persons permitted to compete in any one or more International Competition;
(h) remove or deny accreditation to the National Federation's officers or other

representatives;
(i) impose any other sanction it may deem to be appropriate.
16.3 In imposing sanctions in accordance with Article 16.2 above, the Council shall have regard to
the nature and seriousness of the National Federation's non-compliance taking into account both
the degree of fault of the National Federation and the potential impact of its non-compliance on
clean sport in Athletics. In terms of degree of fault, the obligation of a National Federation to
comply under these Rules is absolute, and so any alleged lack of intent or other fault is not
relevant in establishing breach, but the level of fault or negligence on the part of the National
Federation may be taken into consideration in determining the sanction imposed. In particular,
if a National Federation’s obligations have been delegated or assigned to a Relevant Anti-
Doping Organisation, it shall be a relevant consideration whether the National Federation has
actively and continuously monitored the Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation's activities and
where necessary, taken reasonable steps to ensure compliance with these Anti-Doping Rules.
Above all else, the sanction imposed should be sufficient to maintain the confidence of all
Athletes, and the public at large, in the commitment of the IAAF and the Integrity Unit to do
what is necessary to defend the integrity of the sport of Athletics against the scourge of doping.
16.4 All fines under Article 15.9.5(d) shall be paid within a time to be determined by the Council,
failing which the National Federation's Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons
may be excluded from International Competition until the fine is settled in full.
16.5 In any case where the Council has issued a sanction against a National Federation under these
Anti-Doping Rules, such a decision shall be published on the Integrity Unit and IAAF websites
and reported to the next Congress.
ARTICLE 17 APPLICATION AND RECOGNITION OF DECISIONS
17.1 Any final decision taken in accordance with these Anti-Doping Rules shall be automatically
recognised by the IAAF and its Members which shall take all necessary action to render such
decisions effective.

17.2 Subject to the right of appeal provided in Article 13, Testing, hearing results or other final
adjudications in the sport of Athletics of any Signatory which are consistent with the Code and
are within the Signatory's authority, shall be recognised and respected by the IAAF and its
Members. In the case of an adjudication of the IOC arising from an anti-doping rule violation
occurring at the Olympic Games, the IAAF and its Members shall recognise the finding of an
Anti-Doping Rule Violation once it becomes final under applicable rules and shall thereafter
submit the determination of the Athlete or other Person's sanction beyond disqualification
from the Olympic Games to the results management process provided in Articles 7 and 8.
17.3 Subject to any right of appeal, measures taken by other bodies that have not accepted the
Code shall also be recognised and respected by the IAAF and the National Federations and
Area Associations if the Integrity Unit is satisfied that the rules of those bodies are otherwise
consistent with the Code.
ARTICLE 18 STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS
No Anti-Doping Rule Violation proceeding may be commenced under these Anti-Doping Rules
against an Athlete or other Person unless he has been notified of the Anti-Doping Rule Violation as
provided in Article 7 and/or Article 8, or notification has been reasonably attempted, within 10 years
from the date the violation is asserted to have occurred.
ARTICLE 19 EDUCATION
19.1 The Integrity Unit shall plan, implement, evaluate and monitor information, education and
prevention programmes for doping-free sport in Athletics on at least the issues listed below
and shall promote active participation by Athletes and Athlete Support Personnel in such
programmes.
19.2 At a minimum, the anti-doping education programme will include information on the
following issues:
 Substances and methods on the Prohibited List

 Anti-Doping Rule Violations
 Doping Control procedures
 Whereabouts requirements
 Consequences of Doping, including sanctions, health and social consequences
 Athletes and Athlete Support Personnel's rights and responsibilities
 Managing the risk of Nutritional Supplements
 Harms of doping to the spirit of sport
19.3 Programmes and Activities: The anti-doping education programme and activities will seek
to promote doping-free Athletics. The programme and activities shall to be designed to
establish an environment that is strongly conducive to doping-free sport that will have a
positive and long-term influence on the choices made by Athletes and Athlete Support
Personnel. They emphasize the importance of ethics and fair Athletics.
ARTICLE 20 INTERPRETATION
20.1 These Anti-Doping Rules are sport rules governing the conditions under which sport is
played. Aimed at enforcing anti-doping principles in a global and harmonized manner, they
are distinct in nature from criminal and civil laws, and are not intended to be subject to or
limited by any national requirements and legal standards applicable to criminal or civil
proceedings. When reviewing the facts and the law of a given case, all courts, arbitral
tribunals and other adjudicating bodies should be aware of and respect the distinct nature of

these Anti-Doping Rules implementing the Code and the fact that these rules represent the
consensus of a broad spectrum of stakeholders around the world as to what is necessary to
protect and ensure fair sport.
20.2 These Anti-Doping Rules shall be interpreted in a manner that is consistent with the Code.
The Code shall be interpreted as an independent and autonomous text and not by reference to
the existing law or statutes of any Signatory or government. The comments annotating
various provisions of the Code and the International Standards shall be used to interpret these
Anti-Doping Rules.
20.3 Subject to Article 20.2 above, these Anti-Doping Rules shall be governed by and construed in
accordance with Monegasque law.
20.4 The Definitions shall be considered as an integral part of these Anti-Doping Rules. Terms
used in these Anti-Doping Rules beginning with capital letters shall have the meaning given
to them in the Definitions.
ARTICLE 21 TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS
21.1 These Anti-Doping Rules shall apply in full to all cases where the alleged Anti-Doping Rule
Violation occurs after the Effective Date.
21.2 Anti-Doping Rule Violations committed prior to the Effective Date, whether under
predecessor versions of the Anti-Doping Rules and/or other relevant rules, count as prior
offences for purposes of determining sanctions under Article 10, including Article 10.7 and in
particular Article 10.7.5. If the sanction for the first violation was determined based on rules
that pre-dated the 2015 Code, then for purposes of Article 10.7.1, that sanction shall be
disregarded and instead the sanction that would have been imposed for the first violation if
rules compliant with the 2015 Code had applied will be used.
21.3 Any case pending prior to the Effective Date, or brought after the Effective Date but based on
an Anti-Doping Rule Violation that occurred before the Effective Date, shall be governed,
with respect to substantive matters, by the predecessor version of the anti-doping rules in
force at the time the Anti-Doping Rule Violation occurred and, with respect to procedural
matters by (i) for Anti-Doping Rule Violations committed on or after 3 April 2017, these
Anti-Doping Rules and (ii) for Anti-Doping Rule Violations committed prior to 3 April 2017,
the 2016-2017 IAAF Competition Rules. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) Article 10.7.5 of
these Rules shall apply retroactively, (ii) Article 18 of these Rules shall also apply
retroactively, unless the statute of limitations applicable under the predecessor version of the
Rules had already expired by the Effective Date; and (iii) the relevant tribunal may decide it
appropriate to apply the principle of lex mitior in the circumstances of the case.

DEFINITIONS
Athletics Integrity Unit or Integrity Unit: The Athletics Integrity Unit established by the IAAF in
accordance with Article 16.1 of the 2017 IAAF Constitution.
ADAMS: The Anti-Doping Administration and Management System is a web-based database
management tool for data entry, storage, sharing and reporting designed to assist Stakeholders and
WADA in their anti-doping operations in conjunction with data protection legislation.
Administration: Providing, supplying, supervising, facilitating or otherwise participating in the Use or
Attempted Use by another Person of a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method. However, this
definition shall not include the actions of bona fide medical personnel involving a Prohibited
Substance or Prohibited Method used for genuine and legal therapeutic purposes or other acceptable
justification and shall not include actions involving Prohibited Substances which are not prohibited in
Out-of-Competition Testing unless the circumstances as a whole demonstrate that such Prohibited
Substances are not intended for genuine and legal therapeutic purposes or are intended to enhance
sport performance.
Adverse Analytical Finding: A report from a WADA-accredited laboratory or other WADA-approved
laboratory that, consistent with the International Standard for Laboratories and related Technical
Documents, identifies in a Sample the presence of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or
Markers (including elevated quantities of endogenous substances) or evidence of the Use of a
Prohibited Method.
Adverse Passport Finding: A report identified as an Adverse Passport Finding as described in the
Anti-Doping Regulations.
Anti-Doping Organisation: A Signatory that is responsible for adopting rules for initiating,
implementing or enforcing any part of the Doping Control process. This includes, for example, the
International Olympic Committee, other Major Event Organisations that conduct Testing at their
Competitions, the IAAF, WADA and National Anti-Doping Organisations.
Anti-Doping Rules: The IAAF Anti-Doping Rules as may be passed by the IAAF Council from time
to time.
Anti-Doping Regulations: The IAAF Anti-Doping Regulations as may be passed by the IAAF
Council from time to time.
Area Association: An area association of the IAAF responsible for fostering Athletics in one of the six
areas into which the members are divided in the Constitution.
Athlete: Any Person who participates in the IAAF, its Members and Area Associations by virtue of
his agreement, membership, affiliation, authorisation, accreditation or participation in their activities
or competitions and any other competitor in Athletics who is otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of
any Signatory or other sports organisation accepting the Code.
Athlete Biological Passport: The programme and methods of gathering and collating Passports as
described in the Athlete Biological Passport Operating Guidelines (and Technical documents) and the
Athlete Support Personnel: Any coach, trainer, manager, authorised athlete representative, agent, team
staff, official, medical or para-medical personnel, parent or any other Person working with, treating or
assisting an International-Level Athlete participating in, or preparing for, Competition in Athletics.
Attempt: Purposely engaging in conduct that constitutes a substantial step in a course of conduct
planned to culminate in the commission of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation; provided, however, there
shall be no Anti-Doping Rule Violation based solely on an Attempt to commit a violation if the
Person renounces the Attempt prior to it being discovered by a third party not involved in the
Attempt.
Atypical Finding: A report from a WADA-accredited laboratory or other WADA-approved laboratory

which requires further investigation as provided by the International Standard for Laboratories or
related Technical Documents prior to the determination of an Adverse Analytical Finding.
Atypical Passport Finding: A report identified as an Atypical Passport Finding as described in the
CAS: The Court of Arbitration for Sport.
Code: The World Anti-Doping Code.
Competition: An Event or series of Events held over one or more days.
Competition Venues: Those venues so designated by the ruling body over the Competition.
Competition Period: The time between the beginning and the end of a Competition, as established by
the ruling body of the Competition.
Consequences of Anti-Doping Rule Violations ("Consequences"): An Athlete’s or other Person's
violation of an anti-doping rule may result in one or more of the following:
(a) Disqualification which means the Athlete's results in a particular Event or Competition are
invalidated, with all resulting Consequences including forfeiture of any titles, awards, medals,
points and prize and appearance money;
(b) Ineligibility which means the Athlete or other Person is barred on account of an Anti-Doping Rule
Violation for a specified period of time from participating in any Competition or other activity or
funding as provided in Article 10.11.1(a);
(c) Provisional Suspension which means the Athlete or other Person is barred temporarily from
participating in any Competition or activity prior to the final decision at a hearing conducted
under Article 8; and
(d) Public Disclosure or Public Reporting which means the disclosure of information to the general
public or Persons beyond those Persons entitled to earlier notification in accordance with Article
14.
Constitution: The IAAF Constitution.
Contaminated Product: A product that contains a Prohibited Substance that is not disclosed on the
product label or in information available in a reasonable Internet search.
Council: The IAAF Council.
Disqualification: See “Consequences of Anti-Doping Rule Violations” above.
Doping Control: All steps and processes from test distribution planning through to ultimate
disposition of any appeal including all steps and processes in between such as provision of
whereabouts information, Sample collection and handling, laboratory analysis, TUEs, results
management and hearings.
Event: A single race or contest in a Competition (e.g. the 100 metres or the Javelin Throw) including
any qualifying rounds thereof.
Event Venues: Those venues so designated by the ruling body for the Event.
Fault: Fault is any breach of duty or any lack of care appropriate to a particular situation. Factors to be
taken into consideration in assessing an Athlete or other Person's degree of Fault include, for example,
the Athlete's or other Person's experience, whether the Athlete or other Person is a Minor, special
considerations such as impairment, the degree of risk that should have been perceived by the Athlete
and the level of care and investigation exercised by the Athlete in relation to what should have been
the perceived level of risk. In assessing the Athlete's or other Person's degree of Fault, the
circumstances considered must be specific and relevant to explain the Athlete's or other Person's
departure from the expected standard of behaviour. Thus, for example, the fact that an Athlete would
lose the opportunity to earn large sums of money during a period of Ineligibility, or the fact that the
Athlete only has a short time left in his career, or the timing of the sporting calendar, would not be

relevant factors to be considered in reducing the period of Ineligibility under Article 10.5.1 or 10.5.2.
Filing Failure: A failure by an Athlete (or a third party to whom the Athlete has delegated the task) to
make an accurate and complete Whereabouts Filing that enables the Athlete to be located for Testing
at the times and locations set out in the Whereabouts Filing or to update the Whereabouts Filing
where necessary to ensure it remains accurate and complete, all in accordance with the Anti-Doping
Regulations or the rules or regulations of a Member or Anti-Doping Organisation with jurisdiction
over the Athlete that comply with the International Standard for Testing and Investigations.
In-Competition: In-Competition means the period commencing twelve hours before an Event in
which the Athlete is scheduled to participate through to the end of such Event and the Sample
collection process related to such Event.
Ineligibility: See “Consequences of Anti-Doping Rule Violations” above.
International Competition: A Competition where the International Olympic Committee, the
International Paralympic Committee, the IAAF, a Major Event Organisation or another international
sport organisation is the ruling body for the Competition or appoints the technical officials for the
Competition. The International Competitions under Article 5.5.1 shall be deemed International
Competitions for purposes of these Rules and Article 5 of the International Standard for Therapeutic
Use Exemptions.
International-Level Athlete: An Athlete as defined in Article 1.8.
International Registered Testing Pool: The pool of highest priority Athletes established by the
Integrity Unit at the international level who are subject to focused In-Competition and Out-of-
Competition Testing as part of the IAAF's Test Distribution Plan and therefore are required to provide
whereabouts information as provided in Article 5.7 and the International Standard for Testing and
Investigations.
International Standard: A standard adopted by WADA in support of the Code. Compliance with an
International Standard (as opposed to another alternative standard, practice or procedure) shall be
sufficient to conclude that the procedures addressed by the International Standard were performed
properly. International Standards shall include any Technical Documents issued pursuant to the
International Standard.
Major Event Organisation: The continental associations of National Olympic Committees and other
international multi-sport organisations that function as the ruling body for any continental, regional or
other international competition.
Marker: A compound, group of compounds or biological variable(s) that indicates the Use of a
Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method.
Metabolite: Any substance produced by a biotransformation process.
Member: A national governing body for Athletics affiliated to the IAAF.
Minor: A natural Person who has not reached the age of eighteen years.
Missed Test: A failure by an Athlete to be available for Testing at the location and time specified in
the 60-minute time slot identified in his Whereabouts Filing for the day in question either in
accordance with the Anti-Doping Regulations or with the rules or regulations of a Member or Anti-
Doping Organisation with jurisdiction over the Athlete that comply with the International Standard for
Testing and Investigations.
National Anti-Doping Organisation: The entity(ies) designated by each Country or Territory as
possessing the primary authority and responsibility to adopt and implement anti-doping rules, direct
the collection of Samples, the management of test results, and the conduct of hearings, at the national
level. If this designation has not been made by the competent public authority(ies), the entity shall be
the Country or Territory's National Olympic Committee or its designee.

National Federation: The Member of the IAAF to which an Athlete or other Person is affiliated
directly or through a club or another body affiliated to a Member. It has the same meaning as
"Member" as described in the IAAF Constitution.
National Olympic Committee: The organisation recognised by the International Olympic Committee.
The term National Olympic Committee shall also include the National Sport Confederation in those
Countries or Territories where the National Sport Confederation assumes typical National Olympic
Committee responsibilities in the anti-doping area.
National Registered Testing Pool: The pool of highest priority Athletes established at national level
by a National Federation or National Anti-Doping Organisation who are subject to focused In-
Competition and Out-of-Competition Testing as part of the National Federation or National Anti-
Doping Organisation's test distribution plan and therefore are required to provide whereabouts
information as provided in Article 5.7 and the International Standard for Testing and Investigations.
National Team: For the purposes of Article 15, the Athletes entered by a National Federation or a
National Olympic Committee as applicable to compete at the specified competition.
No Advance Notice: A Sample collection which takes place with no advance warning to the Athlete
and where the Athlete is continuously chaperoned from the moment of notification through to Sample
provision.
No Fault or No Negligence: The Athlete’s or other Person's establishing that he did not know or
suspect, and could not reasonably have known or suspected even with the exercise of utmost caution,
that he had Used or been administered the Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method or otherwise
violated an anti-doping rule. Except in the case of a Minor, for any violation of Article 2.1, the Athlete
must establish how the Prohibited Substance entered his system.
No Significant Fault or No Significant Negligence: The Athlete's or other Person's establishing that
his Fault or Negligence, when viewed in the totality of the circumstances and taking into account the
criteria for No Fault or Negligence, was not significant in relationship to the Anti-Doping Rule
Violation. Except in the case of a Minor, for any violation of Article 2.1, the Athlete must establish
how the Prohibited Substance entered his system.
Out-of-Competition: Any period which is not In-Competition.
Participant: Any Athlete or Athlete Support Personnel.
Person: Any natural Person (including any Athlete or Athlete Support Personnel) or an organisation or
other entity.
Possession: The actual, physical Possession or the constructive Possession of a Prohibited Substance
or Prohibited Method (which shall be found only if the Person has exclusive control or intends to
exercise control over the Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method or the premises in which a
Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method exists); provided, however, that if the Person does not
have exclusive control over the Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method or the premises in which a
Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method exists, constructive Possession shall only be found if the
Person knew about the presence of the Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method and intended to
exercise control over it. Provided, however, there shall be no Anti-Doping Rule Violation based solely
on Possession if, prior to receiving notification of any kind that the Person has committed an Anti-
Doping Rule Violation, the Person has taken concrete action demonstrating that the Person never
intended to have Possession and has renounced Possession by explicitly declaring it to the Integrity
Unit, a Member or an Anti-Doping Organisation. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this
definition, the purchase (including by any electronic or other means) of a Prohibited Substance or a
Prohibited Method constitutes Possession by the Person who makes the purchase.
Prohibited List: The Prohibited List published by WADA identifying the Prohibited Substances and
Prohibited Methods.

Prohibited Method: Any method so described on the Prohibited List.
Prohibited Substance: Any substance, or class of substances, so described on the Prohibited List.
Provisional Suspension: See Consequences of Anti-Doping Rule Violations above.
Publicly Disclose or Publicly Report: See Consequences of Anti-Doping Rule Violations above.
Registered Testing Pool: The pool of highest priority Athletes, established separately (i) by the
Integrity Unit at the international level and (ii) by National Anti-Doping Organisations at the national
level, who are subject to focussed In-Competition and Out-of-Competition Testing as part of the
IAAF’s or National Anti-Doping Organisation's respective test distribution plans and are required to
provide whereabouts information for that purpose. The Integrity Unit shall publish a list that identifies
the Athletes included in its Registered Testing Pool.
Relevant Anti-Doping Organisation: In respect of a National Federation, any one or more
organisation, authority, body or entity operating in the region or country of the National Federation
that is responsible or has the authority within that region or country for anti-doping in the sport of
Athletics or for any matter connected with the requirements of this Article or is otherwise responsible
for discharging any of the National Federation's obligations under these Anti-Doping Rules.
Sample / Specimen: Any biological material collected for the purposes of Doping Control.
Signatories: Those entities signing the Code and agreeing to comply with the Code, including the
International Olympic Committee, International Federations, National Olympic Committees, Major
Event Organisations, National Anti-Doping Organisations and WADA.
Specified Substances: See Article 4.2.2.
Strict Liability: The rule which provides that, under Article 2.1 and Article 2.2, it is not necessary that
intent, Fault, negligence or knowing Use on the Athlete's part be demonstrated in order to establish an
Substantial Assistance: For the purposes of Article 10.6.1(a), a Person providing Substantial
Assistance must (i) fully disclose in a signed written statement all information he possesses in relation
to Anti-Doping Rule Violations including those involving himself and (ii) fully co-operate with the
investigation and adjudication of any case related to that information, including, for example,
presenting testimony at a hearing if requested to do so by the prosecuting authority or hearing panel.
Further, the information provided must be credible and must comprise an important part of any case
which is initiated or, if no case is initiated, must have provided a sufficient basis on which a case
could have been brought.
Tampering: Altering for an improper purpose or in an improper way; bringing improper influence to
bear; interfering improperly; obstructing, misleading or engaging in any fraudulent conduct to alter
results or to prevent normal procedures from occurring.
Target Testing: The selection of specific Athletes for Testing based on criteria set out in the
International Standard for Testing and Investigations and/or the Anti-Doping Regulations.
Test Distribution Plan: A document prepared by the Integrity Unit that plans for the Testing of
Athletes over whom it has Testing Authority, in accordance with the International Standard for
Testing and Investigations.
Testing: The parts of the Doping Control process involving test distribution planning, Sample
collection, Sample handling and Sample transport to the laboratory.
Trafficking: Selling, giving, transporting, sending, delivering or distributing (or Possessing for any
such purpose) a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method (either physically or by any electronic or
other means) by an Athlete, Athlete Support Personnel or any other Person subject to the jurisdiction
of the IAAF, a Member or an Anti-Doping Organisation to any third party; provided however, this
definition shall not include the actions of bona fide medical personnel involving a Prohibited
Substance or Prohibited Method used for genuine and legal therapeutic purposes or other acceptable
justification and shall not include actions involving Prohibited Substances which are not prohibited in

Out-of-Competition Testing unless the circumstances as a whole demonstrate such Prohibited
Substances are not intended for genuine and legal therapeutic purposes or are intended to enhance
sport performance.
TUE: Therapeutic Use Exemption as described in Article 4.4.
Use: The utilisation, application, ingestion, injection or consumption by any means whatsoever of any
Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method.
WADA: The World Anti-Doping Agency.
Whereabouts Failure: A Filing Failure or a Missed Test.
Whereabouts Filing: Information provided by or on behalf of an Athlete in the IAAF Registered
Testing Pool that sets out the Athlete's whereabouts during the following quarter.


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2019

IAAF ANTI-DOPING RULES

(In force from 1 January 2019)

IAAF Anti-Doping Rules 2019

(a) An Athlete who is in the International Registered Testing Pool;

(i) World Athletics Series Competitions;

(ii) The Athletics programme of the Olympic Games;

(iii) Area Senior Championships (indoor and outdoor);

(iv) International Invitation Meetings in accordance with Rule 1.1(e);

(v) IAAF Permit Meetings;

(vii) such other International Competitions as shall be determined by the Integrity

IAAF Anti-Doping Rules 2019

IAAF Anti-Doping Rules 2019

2.1 Presence of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in an Athlete’s Sample

2.2 Use or Attempted Use by an Athlete of a Prohibited Substance or a Prohibited Method

2.3 Evading, Refusing or Failing to Submit to Sample Collection

Evading Sample collection, or without compelling justification, refusing or failing to submit

IAAF Anti-Doping Rules 2019

2.5 Tampering or Attempted Tampering with any part of Doping Control

2.6 Possession of a Prohibited Substance or a Prohibited Method

2.6.1 Possession by an Athlete In-Competition of any Prohibited Substance or any

2.6.2 Possession by an Athlete Support Person In-Competition of any Prohibited Substance

2.7 Trafficking or Attempted Trafficking in any Prohibited Substance or Prohibited

2.8 Administration or Attempted Administration to any Athlete In-Competition of any

Assisting, encouraging, aiding, abetting, conspiring, covering up or any other type of

2.10 Prohibited Association

2.10.1 Association by an Athlete or other Person subject to the authority of an Anti-

(a) if subject to the authority of an Anti-Doping Organization, is serving a period

IAAF Anti-Doping Rules 2019

(c) is serving as a front or intermediary for an individual described in Article

2.10.4 If the Integrity Unit or an Anti-Doping Organization becomes aware of Athlete

ARTICLE 3 PROOF OF DOPING

3.1 Burdens and Standards of Proof

3.2 Methods of Establishing Facts and Presumptions

IAAF Anti-Doping Rules 2019

3.2.2 Compliance with an International Standard (as opposed to another alternative

3.2.3 WADA-accredited laboratories, and other laboratories approved by WADA, are

3.2.5 The facts established by a decision of a court or professional disciplinary tribunal of

3.2.6 A hearing panel in a hearing on an Anti-Doping Rule Violation may draw an

ARTICLE 4 THE PROHIBITED LIST AND TUES

4.1 Incorporation of the Prohibited List

IAAF Anti-Doping Rules 2019

4.2.1 Prohibited Substances and Prohibited Methods

4.2.2 Specified Substances

4.2.3 New Classes of Prohibited Substances

4.3 WADA’s Determination of the Prohibited List

4.4 Therapeutic Use Exemptions (“TUEs”)

IAAF Anti-Doping Rules 2019

IAAF Anti-Doping Rules 2019

(e) The submission of false or misleadingly incomplete information in support of a

4.4.4 Expiration, Cancellation, Withdrawal or Reversal of a TUE

IAAF Anti-Doping Rules 2019

(c) A decision by WADA to reverse a TUE decision may be appealed by the

(d) A failure to take action within a reasonable time on a properly submitted

ARTICLE 5 TESTING AND INVESTIGATIONS

5.1 Purpose of Testing and Investigations

5.1.1 Testing shall be undertaken to obtain analytical evidence as to the Athlete’s

5.1.2 Investigations shall be undertaken:

(a) in relation to Atypical Findings and Adverse Passport Findings, in accordance