IV Plan of Care and Drug Study

Methyldopa

Name of Drug Action and Side effects Indication and Nursing consideration
contraindication
Action: Indication: Before:
Generic Name: Methyldopa Lowers arterial BP by - Hypertension - Check doctor’s order
stimulating the alpha-
Contraindication: - Assess sensitivity to
adrenergic receptors, which in
Trade Name: Aldomate Contraindicated with methyldopa, hepatic disease,
turn decreases sympathetic
hypersensitivity to renal failure, dialysis
outflow from the Cranial
methyldopa, active hepatic
Nervous System. - Assess weight, skin, color,
Dosage: 250 mg, 1 tab TID disease previous methyldopa
lesions, mucous membrane
therapy associated with liver
color, orientation, affect
Side Effect: disorders.
Route: PO - Educate client about the
CNS: Sedation, headache, drug, its purpose and
asthenia, weakness importance
CV: bradycardia, myocarditis
Skin: Rash During:
Endocrine: Breast - Check the label twice
enlargement
- Administer at the right dose
GI: Nausea and vomiting, and in the right time
distention, constipation
- Do not crush nor chew
tablets, swallow whole
- Discontinue drug if fever,
abnormalities in liver function
tests, or jaundice occurs

After:
- Monitor blood counts
periodically to detect
hemolytic anemia
- Monitor hepatic function,
especially in the first 6-8
weeks of therapy.
Cefuroxime
Name of Drug Action and Side effects Indication and Nursing consideration
contraindication
Generic Name: Cefuroxime Action: Indication: - Ask patient about post
reaction to cephalosporin.
Inhibits cell wall synthesis Drug is indicated for urinary
Trade Name: Ceftine promoting osmotic instability, tract infection, sinusitis and - Discontinue if
usually bactericidal. other infectious diseases. hypersensitivity reaction
occurs.
Side Effects: -This drug should be used
Dosage: 1.5mg every after 8 during pregnancy only if Point Teachings:
hours CNS: Seizures, headache
clearly needed and the benefit
-Report severe diarrhea with
GI: diarrhea, nausea, outweighs the risk.
blood, pus or mucus; rash;
vomiting, cramps, abdominal
Route: PO difficulty of breathing;
pain
Contraindication: unusual tiredness, fatigue;
IM
Skin: Rashes, hives unusual bleeding; unusual
IV - Contraindicated in patient’s itching or irritation.
Local: Pain at IM site, IV site hypertensive to drug/ other
cephalosporin.

Dexamethasone
 Name of Drug Action and Side effects Indication and Nursing consideration
contraindication
Action: Indication: -Observe closely for signs of
Generic Name: infection.
Is diffused across cell Used to treat condition such
Dexamethasone membranes to form complexes us breathing problems -Monitor blood pressure 2 to 3
with cytoplasmic receptors. times daily.
Indicated with a careful watch
Shows anti-inflammatory,
Trade Name: Decadron on blood sugar and blood -Test for glycosuria daily. If
anti-pruritic, vasoconstrictive
pressure urine positive for sugar check
and anti-proliferative activity
each urine.
considered a low potency drug
Dosage: 6mg every 12 hours according to vasoconstricitive
Contraindication:
properties.
-Contraindicated with patients
Route: IM
with diabetes, inactive
Topical Side Effects: tuberculosis, seizures.
CNS: Headache, dizziness, - Contraindicated to patients
anxiety, aggression, agitation hypersensitive to drug/its
spinning sensation, muscle components
weakness
- Don’t use as monotherapy in
GI: nausea, stomach pain, primary bacterial infections
bloating (impetigo, paronichia,
erysipela, cellulitis) treatment
GU: Glycosuria metabolic:
of rosacea perioral dermatitis/
hyperglycemia
acne
Skin: acne, dry skin, thinning
- Drug is not for ophthalmic
skin, bruising or discoloration,
slow wound healing use
- Use cautiously in
pregnancy/ breastfeeding
women.
Hydralazine
Name of Drug Action and Side effects Indication and contraindication Nursing consideration
Action: Indication: - monitor patient’s blood
Generic Name: Hydralazine pressure, pulse rate, and
Lowers blood pressure Treatment of pregnancy
body weight frequently.
induced hypertension.
-monitor CBC
Trade Name: alphapress Side Effects: Pre-eclampsia eclampsia, heart
failure -improve patient compliance
CNS: headache, peripheral by giving drug
neuritis, dizziness Contraindication:
Dosage: 5mg
GI: diarrhea, nausea, - Contraindicated in patients
vomiting hypersensitive to drug
Route: IV
CV: angina pectoris, - contraindicated in those with
palpitations, tachycardia, coronary artery disease or
severe pain in the chest, mitral valvular rheumatic heart
hypotension disease.

Skin: rash - use cautiously in patients with

suspected cardiac disease,
stroke, or severe renal
impairment and in those taking
other anti-hypertensives.
Paracetamol

Name of the drug Action and side effect Indication and Nursing consideration
Contraindication

Generic name: Action: Indication: - Consider reducing total daily

dose.
Paracetmol - Drug may relieve fever through central - Relieve mild to moderate pain
action in the hypothalamic heat-regulating such as headache, backache, -Overdose will lead to
center. the common cold, and help hypertoxicity.
reduce fever.

Brand Name: Contraindication:

Side effect: Patient Teaching:
Acetaminophen - Contraindicated in patient
CNS: agitation(IV), anxiety, fatigue, -Advice patients or caregiver
hypersensitivity to drug.
headache, insomnia that many OTC products
-Contraindicated with patients contain acetaminophen and
Dosage: Metabolic: hypoglycemia
that has a condition of caloric should be counted when
500mg Skin: Rash, urticaria under-nutrition, acute liver calculating total daily dose.
failure, liver problems, severe
-Tell the patient not to use
renal impairments.
marked fever (temperature
higher than 103.1oF {39.5oC}),
fever persisting longer than 3
days, or recurrent fever unless
directed by prescriber.
Warn patient that high doses or
unsupervised long-term use
can cause liver damage.
Furosemide

Name of the drug Action and Side effects Indications and Contraindications Nursing Consideration

Generic Name: Action: Indications: - examine patient with edema and assess mucous
membranes and skin turgor to determine
Furosemide - inhibits sodium and - treatment of hypertension.
hydration status.
chloride reabsorption
- Treatment of edema associated
at the proximal and
with congestive heart failure and
distal tubules and the
renal disease. - monitor the patient’s vital signs especially
ascending loop of
Brand Name: temperature and BP before giving furosemide.
Henle.
Lasix -Monitor electrolytes, renal and hepatic function,
Side effects: Contraindication:
serum glucose, and uric acid levels before and
CNS: vertigo, dizziness, - Contraindicated in patient periodically throughout therapy.
headache, blurred hypersensitive to drug and in
vision those with anuria.
Dosage:
GI: Abdominal -Use during pregnancy only if
40mg discomfort and pain, potential benefits to mother clearly
diarrhea, anorexia, outweigh risks to fetus.
nausea and vomiting,
Route: constipation, stomach
IV cramping
CV: fast or abnormal
heartbeat
Skin: dry hair and skin
 REFERENCES:
Retrieved from:
https://nursing.unbound medicine.com/nursingcentral/davisdrugguide
Wolters
https://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/cefuroxime
https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/cefuroxime
Reviewed by: Dr. Carl Kuschel, Brenda Hughes, and Robyn Wilkinson, 2002 Retrieved from
http://www.adhb.govt.nz/newborn/Drugprotocols/DexamethasoneAdministration.htm
Retreived from https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug1027-5021/dexamethasone-oral/details/list-contraindications

V Conclusion and Recommendation