MAPEH FOR TODAY’S

LEARNER
The New Grade 10

10
health

MUSIC

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The New Grade 10

MODULE 1: CONSUMER HEALTH

I. INTRODUCTION
Choosing to take care of your body helps you reach wellness. It is one of your
responsibilities as an individual. Choosing to take care of your body in your responsibility to
yourself.
As of now, your parents make most of the health decisions for you. They choose your
dentist and your doctor. They also select most of the health products you use such as soap,
shampoo, and toothpaste. As you get older, you will decide on your own when buying things.
Later on, you will begin making your own choices about health products. You have to choose
wisely and make intelligent decisions.
LESSON 1: GUIDELINES AND CRITERIA IN THE SELECTION AND EVALUATION
OF HEALTH INFORMATION, HEALTH PRODUCTS, AND HEALTH SERVICES
A health consumer is someone who buys things that help take care of the body. A wise
health consumer is someone who follows a plan in making choices about to buy.
You can be a wise health consumer by following these steps:
1. Find out all possible choices you could make.
2. Think of the consequences of each possible choice.
3. Select what seems to be the best choice.

Consumer health deals with the decisions people make regarding the purchase and the
use of the available products and health services that will have a direct effect on their health
(Cornacchia and Barret, 1989). It includes all aspects of the health care delivery system.

LESSON FOCUS

HEALTH INFORMATION

To be a wise health consumer, you should know when to make the right choice. Know
the different products and services available. Rely heavily on facts when making choices.
Consumers depend on different sources for health facts. Knowledge of the appropriate products
and services can be obtained from family, friends, advertisements, health practitioners, medical
reference books, and other materials developed by health educators. However, information may
vary from different sources and some of those sources may not be reliable.
Never before in the past did consumerism become so important. Today, people are
bombarded with conflicting information about various products and services brought by
sophisticated advertisements and other media.

HEALTH PRODUCTS

Health products are substances, materials, or equipment prepared or manufactured for

consumer purchase and used in the treatment, care, and maintenance of health (Cornacchia and
Barret, 1989). Many of the health products your parents might buy for you are used to promote

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hygiene. Soap, shampoo, and toothpaste are some examples of these. Other health products such
as medicines and bandages are used to treat an injury or illness. Altogether, these health products
can protect your body from further harm or sickness. As a wise consumer, you need to choose
the one that best meets your health needs. Most health products are either for cleaning or
protecting the body. Certain products, like toothpaste, can both clean and protect your teeth.
While it cleans your teeth, it helps protect them for decay.

HEALTH SERVICES
Health services are those activities, information, or works furnished or supplied to help
satisfy the needs or wants of the consumers (Cornacchia and Barret, 1989). You need to know
where these are located, as well as their purpose and availability. A wise consumer should be
aware of these health services and how to access them because they are considered as valuable
consumer tools for the youth.

Selection and Evaluation of Health Information, Products, and Services

Consumer health involves understanding the information that enables people to make
wiser decisions about health products and services. Thus, it is imperative for you to be informed
about any products and services you want to purchase.

A. Reading the package level

A wise health consumer needs to distinguish the use of various products as well as their
advantages and disadvantages. A package label provides you some of the facts that you need.
Often included in the product label are the following:
 Name of product
 Kind of health product
 Quantity or amount
 Ingredients/composition
 Directions for use
 Precautions before use
 Price
Some information on the package label may be misleading. Words such as “new”,
“improved,” or “better” are often used. Those words are meant only to make manufacturers sell
their product. In fact, some only give you a glimpse about the product and its usage. These
schemes may hinder you from deciding the health product that best suits your need.

B. Advertising
Advertising is recommending or praising something that calls forth the attention of the
public.
One practical use of advertising is for the consumers to be aware of the different kinds of new
products and services. Another goal of advertising is to convince you to switch to a new product.
Television and radio and advertising are paid for by the company trying to sell a product
or service. Commercials use pictures and songs to attract people. However, not all information
presented in commercials are true. For example, a commercial about a mouthwash that claims to
“kill germs” persuade people to believe that a mouthwash meets a health need. On the contrary,

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The New Grade 10

that may not be the case. Talking to your parents regarding these commercials is one way to
avoid being misled by some advertisements.
Remember that not all advertisements are directed toward selling a product or service.
Some give consumers tips on how to stay healthy. Some inform consumers about a new health
worker who lives in your community. You can utilize that information to become a wise health
consumer. Knowing how to discern the facts from false claims can help raise your self-esteem.

DEEPENING LEARNING
Enumerate the following:

Four steps to follow in making choices about health products.

1. _______________________________________
2. _______________________________________
3. _______________________________________
4. _______________________________________

Two goals of advertising

1. _______________________________________
2. _______________________________________

CULMINATING ACTIVITY
Select a health product that is manufactured by various companies. Look for
advertisements for several brands. Compare and contrast the information given by your chosen
advertisements.

REFLECTION
1. Based on the culminating activity, what did you learn?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. What are your thoughts about choosing the right health products?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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The New Grade 10

LESSON 2: HEALTH SERVICE PROVIDERS

Health services are provided to cater the health needs of people. Community health
services, agencies, and organizations compose the subsystems of the health care delivery system.
Medical care and other health care services are provided by clinics, health centers, and hospitals,
be it public or private.

LESSON FOCUS

HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
The health care delivery system employs health care providers who perform specialized
roles in their area of expertise. Health care providers like doctors, nurses, dentists, and
nutritionist-dietitians are professionals who directly deliver these services to t5he consumers.
The health care delivery system also provides indirect services such as health education and
advocacy.
HEALTH FACILITIES
Health care facilities are categorized into three levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary.
The higher level of the health care facility, the more capable it is in terms of infrastructure,
equipment, and health care personnel. This will also be the basis for the patients’ referral and
extent of medical management.

Te
rti
ary
Secondary

Primary

Levels of health care facilities

Regardless of the level, all of these uphold equal access to basic health services.
 Primary level is the first line of contact between the people and the higher levels of health
facility. Examples of these are barangay health stations and rural health units.
 Secondary level consists of district health care institutions that have 50-100 bed
capacities and are considered referral centers for the primary level facilities. These
include municipal hospitals and district hospitals.
 Tertiary level is a specialized health care facility that has a capacity of providing medical
care to cases requiring diagnostic, therapeutic, and state-of-the-art equipment and has a

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bed capacity of one hundred and above. Likewise, it has a roster of trained doctors and
specialists. Examples are medical centers and regional or provincial hospitals.

HEALTH CARE PLANS AND FINANCING SYSTEMS

Health care system is a systematic plan of health services rendered to the people
including organizing and networking health facilities and human resources to carry out the task.
A. Philippine Health Insurance Corporation
Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (Phil Health) is a Tax-exempted, government-
owned and controlled corporation created in 1995. When its main goal of creating a universal
health coverage for the Filipinos, it ensures a sustainable national health insurance program for
all as reflected in the improvement of its benefits and delivery system. In fact, it includes the
outpatient and diagnostic package that mostly covered the indigents. Moreover, almost all private
hospitals are Phil Health-accredited. There are six categories of Phil Health membership.
1. Formal sector includes formal and contractual employees.
2. Informal sector includes the self-employed and the overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs).
3. Indigent members include persons with no definite source of income.
4. Sponsored members include members whose contributors are shouldered by another
person or entity.
5. Lifetime members include members who have reached retirement and successfully paid
at least 12 monthly contributions.
6. Senior citizens include members who are sixty years old and above, and does not fall
under any of the aforementioned categories.

B. Health Maintenance Organization

With the increasing cost in the medical and health-related activities, prepared plans
covering medical expense have been designed by insurance companies. These insurance plans
are known as Health Maintenance Organization (HMOs). These individuals who are enrolled in
the HMO respectively pay their monthly premiums regardless of how often they visit their doctor
or seek medical care. Furthermore, HMO expanded the accredited roster of hospitals and doctors
to capture a big market. Clients can now choose from a number of prepaid programs from
independent practitioner associations (IPAs), preferred provider organizations (PPOs), and point
of service (POS).

C. Private Health Insurance

People used to go to the hospital or doctor and pay directly, from their pocket for their
services. Since medical and health care services became more expensive and sophisticated,
people could no longer afford to pay directly for such services. With the experience of private
health insurance, a person or group pay a premium to the insurance company. The amount and
the type of health care services included and not included are stipulated in the insurance
company. The policy may also include coverage for extended care such as home care, outpatient
care, and disability, aside from acute hospitalization.

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DEEPENING LEARNING
Identify what is being described in each sentence. Write your answer on the line.

____________1. An organized plan of health services rendered to the people.

____________2. A health financing system wherein a person or a group pays a premium
to the insurance company providing the insurance policy.
____________3. A prepaid insurance plan.
____________4. A health coverage that ensures a sustainable national health insurance
program for all Filipinos.
____________5. Considered as the first line of contact between the people and the higher
levels of health facility.

Give the meaning of the acronym and describe each term.

1. Phil Health- __________________________________

2. HMO- __________________________________
3. IPA- __________________________________
4. POS- __________________________________
5. PPO- __________________________________

CULMINATING ACTIVITY
Interview at least 2 health service providers in your community about the nature of their
work and their working experience. You can send questionnaires through their social media.

REFLECTION
1. Based on the culminating activity, what did you learn?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. What is/ are your opinion about the job descriptions of some health providers?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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The New Grade 10

LESSON 3: QUACKERY

People generally like to seek immediate solutions to various health problems. Thus,
quacks take advantage by giving people unnecessary prescriptions such as taking supplements,
preparing special food, and the like.

LESSON FOCUS

Nature and Dangers of Quackery

Quackery is the promotion of the false or unproven method for profit (Barrerr et al., 1997).
Quackery occurs when (Weinstein,2003)
 Health care is administered by unlicensed health care providers.
 Promises of cures are made about products that are actually useless.
 Self-proclaimed therapeutic procedures are performed before they are scientifically
validated.

Victims of quackery think that they have made the right choice. Often, they exhibit the following
attitudes:
 Gullible. They tend to believe easily something that is printed or broadcast without
verifying the truthfulness of the particular service.
 Desperate. They are facing an incurable health condition, leaving this their last option.
 Isolated. They become attracted to unconventional methods because they distrust medical
science.
 Belief in the supernatural. They tend to believe in the promising influence of mystical
power.
 Overconfident. They firmly believed that they are more knowledgeable and skilled than
scientific researchers or experts.

TYPES OF QUACKERY
Quack use print and non-print media promos in the form of advertisements, well-
designed home mailings, and emails. The most common items used in quackery medicines,
nutritional substitutes, products, and health equipment.

The following are the different types of quackery:

1. Medical. “Alternative” practitioners engage in practices that are not science-based and
have no proven value. Some physicians are not giving quality patient care. They only
prescribe too many d rugs, or too many tests, or pay insufficient attention to preventive
measures. For example, an optometrist fails to examine the eyes thoroughly when they
prescribe glasses or a dentist fails to get optimal results because they work in a hurry.

2. Nutrition. Multilevel companies market a wide variety of health-related products, almost

all of which are either inappropriate or overpriced. Some products are sold by individual
distributors who also attempt to recruit friends, neighbors, relatives, and others to do the

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The New Grade 10

same. Likewise, health market abounds with products of every description to

accommodate people’s needs—dietary supplements, exercise gadgets, diet pills, beauty
aids, and other over-the-counter products.
Although most over-the-counter drug products are acceptable, their advertising is
often promotional rather than educational. Advertising encourages pill-taking for
insomnia, lack of energy, constipation, and many other problems that may have better
solutions.

3. Devices. Many people believe that health is purchasable. Thus, many worthless devices
are claimed to synchronize brain waves, improve eyesight, relieve stress, relieve pain,
remove unwanted fat deposits, or health diseases.
Exercise equipment and other weight-losing devices vary greatly in quality,
function, and cost. Before investing, it is recommended to determine what it can do and
whether it can meet one’s needs or will be too monotonous for regular use.
More important than the financial risk of quackery is the possibility that reliance
on an ineffective method could delay effective treatment, thus resulting to serious illness
or even fatality.

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DEEPENING LEARNING
Match column A with column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the line.

______1. Alienation a. Belief in something that is printed or

broadcast
______2. Alternative practitioner
b. Faces a serious a health problem that
______3. Gullible doctors cannot solve and will try anything that
gives hope.
______4. Health market
c. Promotion of a false or unproven method for
______5. Desperate profit.

______6. Quackery d. Attracted to natural or unconventional

methods distrusts medical profession.
______7. Belief in the supernatural
e. Practices that are not science-based
______8. Ineffective products
f. Easily taken in by the promise of an easy
______9. Overconfident solution to their problem.

g. With a strong-willed belief that they are

______10. Quacks better equipped than scientific researchers
or experts.

h. Takes advantage of people’s desire for

quick solutions to problems.

i. Abounds with products of every description

to accommodate people’s needs.

j. Tools or equipment that are used before

they are scientifically validated.

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CULMINATING ACTIVITY
Truth in Advertising
Select a health product or service you want to sell. In addition, collect advertisements
and pictures, develop slogans, and make interesting claims that will convince people of your
chosen product’s worth and effectiveness. Use the space below for your activity.

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REFLECTION
1. Based on the culminating activity, what did you learn?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. How can consumers test the reliability of feedback they see from the testimonies of other
consumers?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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LESSON 4: COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE HEALTH CARE

MODALITIES
Holistic personal health care aims to develop every aspect of well-being of people. It is
multidimensional in approach. The essential ingredient for quality health care is the relationship
between the health care personnel and the patient.

LESSON FOCUS

HERBAL MEDICINE

People from the earliest times have used different herbs as treatment of various diseases.
Medicinal science has begun to accept the curative powers of herbs as well as in the prevention
of diseases. The Philippines is rich in medicinal herbs found to be effective against common
illnesses such as headache, cough, fever, and diarrhea. In areas where medicines are scarce and
inaccessible, these herbs can be replacement. For serious illnesses, it is highly advisable to seek
the expertise of a doctor before using herbal medicines.
The following table shows the common medicinal plants approved by the Department of
Health (DOH).

Herbal Plants Medicinal Uses Procedure Application

Alagaw  gas pain  Boil 2  Drink the
tablespoons solution when
 headache in 1 glass of lukewarm.
water for 15
 cough minutes.  Apply to
 Crush some temples.
fresh leaves.
 Boil  Drink 1 part
chopped 3times a day.
leaves in 2
glasses of
water for 15
minutes.
Cool and
strain.

Ampalaya  diabetes  Boil 6  Drink 1/3 cup

(Bitter gourd) tablespoons of the solution
of chopped 3times a day.
leaves in 2
glasses of
water for 15
minutes.
 wounds  Apply in
 Get extract
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of ampalaya affected area.
leaves.

Bawang  headache,  Crush  Massage on

(Garlic) insect bites, enough affected areas
and fresh cloves in a circular
rheumatism motion.
 Eat with meals
 hypertension  Cook cloves 3times a day.
 Stomach ulcer
 cholesterol  Dosage may develop if
must not garlic is eaten
exceed 6-8 raw.
cooked  Apply to
cloves a affected area.
 toothache
day.
 Pound a
small piece.
Coconut  Eczema  Boil  Massage oil
coconut gently to the
milk until skin after
oil is left. taking a bath or
before leaving
during hot or
windy days.

Damong Maria  Headache  Pound 3-5  Massage gently

leaves. in a circular
motion on the
forehead or
temple.

Eucalyptus leaves  Cough  Boil 2  Drink a glass

teaspoons in of mixture
8 glasses of 4times a day.
water for 15
minutes.
Cool and
strain.
Bayabas  Diarrhea and  Boil  Divide the
(Guava) stomachache chopped solution into 4
leaves in 2 parts. Take 1
glasses of part every 2-3
water for 15 hours.
minutes.
 Toothache Cool and  Chew but do
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 Natural strain. not swallow
antiseptic  Clean leaves the fresh young
for wounds. thoroughly. leaves.
Ipil-ipil seeds  Intestinal  Pulverize  Drink only ½
dried or teaspoon 2
matured hours after
seeds breakfast.

Kulitis  Fever  Boil 1 glass  Take

of water for decoction
15 minutes. every 4
Cool and hours.
strain.
 insect bites  Crush  Apply on
leaves. affected
area

Lagundi  fever and cough  Boil 5-6  Drink ¼

leaves in 1 glass of
glass of mixture
water for 15 every 4
minutes. hours in a
day.

Luya  antiseptic/  Prepare  Apply on

(Ginger) antifungal/ structure of superficial
anti- dried luya cuts.
inflammatory/ with 70%
antibiotic alcohol (not
rubbing
alcohol).
 gas pain and  Boil in 2  Take a
cough glasses of solution of
water for 15 luya as
minutes. tea.
 rheumatism  Pound,
roast, and  Apply on

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mix with painful
oil. joints.

Niyog-niyugan  intestinal  Dried nuts  Eat dried

(Chinese honey suckle) parasitism nuts; for
adults 8-
10 nuts.
 fever

 diarrhea

Herbal Plants Medicinal Uses Procedure Application

Sambong  Boils  Pound 2-4  Apply on
(Blumea camphor) leaves until a affected area.
poultice is
formed.
 kidney  Drink with-  Drink
problems out taking concoction.
other
 colds/fever diuretics.

 rheumatism

 hypertension

Tsaang Gubat  stomachache  Boil clean  Drink

(Wild tea)  diarrhea leaves in 1 concoction.
 skin allergy glass of water
 tooth for 15
decay/ache minutes. Cool
and strain.

 Boil chopped  Divide

leaves in 2 decoction into
glasses of 4 parts. Drink
water for 15 1 part every 3
minutes. Cool hours.

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and strain.

 pain (head,  boil chopped  Divide

Yerba Buena body, stomach, leaves in 2 decoction into
(Peppermint) etc.) glasses of 2 parts. Drink
water for 15 1 part every 3
minutes. hours.

 rheumatism/  Crush the  Massage sap

arthritis fresh leaves on painful
and squeeze parts with
the sap. eucalyptus.
 cough and cold  Soak 10 fresh  Drink as tea.
leaves in a
glass of hot
water.

Preparation of Medicinal Plants

 Herbs are most frequently prepared into decoctions, infusions, and poultices.
 Decoctions. This is done by boiling the roots, stems, and leaves of a plant to extract its
medicinal properties.
 Infusions. This is prepared by allowing the stems, flowers, and leaves to remain in a hot
or cold liquid. Hot infusions use dried chopped leaves while cold infusions use fresh
leaves.
 Poultices. This is made by heating fresh leaves or flowers, then applying it like an
ointment directly onto the wounded or affected area.

ALTERNATIVE HEALTH CARE MODALITIES

Alternative systems of therapies include the following:

1. Acupuncture. This is a technique that involves piercing the skin with thin long needles at
specific anatomical points to relieve pain or illness. Heat, pressure friction, suction, or
electromagnetic energy is used to stimulate the points.

2. Ventosa massage. This painless technique uses cups that form a vacuum on the skin to
promote blood circulation. Cups may be made of glass placed on specific acupressure points
either on the person’s back, shoulder, or neck to treat various conditions such as arthritis,
anemia, and skin infections.

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3. Reflexology. This recognizes the hands and feet having the reflex points that when
manipulated could produce a physical effect on the body. Such treatment is relaxing and
beneficial during periods of stress and pains.

4. Naturopathy. This is a system that employs a wide range of natural means to restore health
such as diet, lifestyle, herbal medicine, and acupuncture.

5.Ayurveda. This is a Sanskrit word meaning “The Science of Life.” It is an ancient philosophy
based on a deeper understanding of the eternal truths about the human body, mind, and spirit. It
is a traditional Hindu system of improving health by using herbs, diet, meditation, massage, and
yoga to stimulate the body to make its own natural drugs.

6. Homeopathic medicine. This is a system based on the “like cures like”. According to the
system, substances that can cause symptoms in healthy people can also cure those symptoms in
healthy people can also cure those symptoms when given in very dilute amounts.

7. Biofield therapy. This directs a healing force from an outside source and into the client’s
body through laying on of hands.

8. Chiropractic. This involves manipulation of the spine, joints, and soft tissues to relieve
musculoskeletal symptoms associated with nerve dysfunction that affects general well-being.

9. Massage. This refers to the application of touch and movement to muscles and joints without
further manipulation. It relaxes and eliminates waste products from the muscles and also
improves blood circulation and metabolism (Potter and Perry, 2010).

10. Ozone therapy. This is the use of ozone gas to increase the amount of oxygen in the body in
order to fight certain diseases like HIV/AIDS and cancer (American Society, 2012).

DEEPENING LEARNING
Match the medicinal plants in column A with their medicinal uses in column B. write the
letter of your answer on the line.

A B
________1. Ampalaya a) Toothache

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________2. Bawang b) High blood pressure
________3. Lagundi c) Diarrhea
________4. Niyug-niyogan d) Diabetes
________5. Guava e) Intestinal parasitism
________6. Tsaang gubat f) Fever
________7. Alagaw g) Athlete’s foot
________8. Coconut h) Kidney stones
________9. Sambong i) Boils
________10. Yerba buena j) Eczema
k) Gas pain

ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY

Do the following:

A. Research five other medicinal plants and describe their uses, preparation, and
application.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B. Research five other alternative therapies and determine their benefits and risks.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

CULMINATIVE ACTIVITY

Choose 5 complementary and alternative health care modalities. List them and write
short description about them.

REFLECTION

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1. Based on the culminating activity, what did you learn?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. Do you think alternative forms of medications would still be considered by the Filipinos
in the next 20 years? Explain.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3.

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POST-ASSESSMENT

Test I. Match the word in column A with its definition in column B write the letter of your
answer on the line.
A B
_____1. Reflexology a. Involves piercing the skin with thin long needles at specific point to
relieve pain
_____2. Chiropractic
b. Involves manipulation of the spine to relieve musculoskeletal
_____3. Naturopathy
symptoms.
_____4.Ventosa
c. Application of pressure on the feet having reflex points
massage
d. A technique that integrated traditional medicine
e. Uses glass placed on a specific acupressure point

Test II. Encircle the word that makes the statement incorrect and write the correct word
on the line.

_______________1. Secondary level is a specialized health care facility with a capacity of

providing medical care to critical cases.
_______________2. Health care agreements are categorized into primary, secondary, and
tertiary levels.
_______________3. Chatting is telling about something about the products or service to many
people.
_______________4. Products are healthy activities or information supplies to help satisfy the
needs of the consumers.
_______________5. A health abuser is someone who buys things that help take care of the body.
_______________6. Health services are either for cleaning or protecting the body.

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