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3 Conditional

This document discusses the third conditional in English. [1] The third conditional is used to talk about unreal or hypothetical situations in the past. [2] It has the structure "If + past perfect, subject + would + have + past participle." [3] Examples are given such as "If I had known your reaction, I wouldn't have told you" and "If you had helped me, I wouldn't have failed the exam."

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Mónica Oyarburo
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140 views6 pages

3 Conditional

This document discusses the third conditional in English. [1] The third conditional is used to talk about unreal or hypothetical situations in the past. [2] It has the structure "If + past perfect, subject + would + have + past participle." [3] Examples are given such as "If I had known your reaction, I wouldn't have told you" and "If you had helped me, I wouldn't have failed the exam."

Uploaded by

Mónica Oyarburo
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THIRD CONDITIONAL

SITUACIÓN IMAGINARIA del PASADO


USES La persona está imaginando un pasado diferente

El condicional tipo 3 casi siempre implica cierto arrepentimiento o que lamentamos algo. La realidad es lo opuesto o lo
contrario de lo que se expresa en la oración.

 If I had known you were coming, I would have baked a cake


 If I had worked harder, I would have passed the exam
 If it had rained, you would have gotten wet
 If you hadn't lied to me before, I would have believed you
 I would have believed you if you hadn't lied to me before
CONTRACCIONES  Tanto would como had se contraen como -'d, y puede generar confusión
1. Would nunca aparece en la proposición if
2. Had nunca se pone antes de have
 If I'd [I had] known you were in hospital, I'd [I would] have visited you
 I'd [I would] have bought you a present if I'd [I had] known it was your birthday
 If you'd [you had] given me your e-mail, I'd [I would] have written to you
VERBOS MODALES
Se pueden utilizar otros verbos modales como could/couldn’t o might/might not en vez de would para cambiar la
posibilidad y el significado de la oración. Sin to
 If I had remembered it was your birthday, I would have bought you present
Si hubiera recordado que era tu cumpleaños, te habría comprado un regalo
 If I had saved my money, I could have gone on holiday
Si hubiera ahorrado, me habría ido de vacaciones
 If we had had time, we might have gone to the beach
Si hubiesemos tenido tiempo, puede que hubieramos ido a la playa

I wish – If only
 If Ali's car hadn't broken down, we would have arrived on time to see the concert 
Si el coche de Alí no se hubiera averiado, habríamos llegado a tiempo para ver el concierto
 I wish Ali's car hadn't broken down - ¡Ojalá no se hubiera averiado el coche de Alí!
 If only Ali's car hadn't broken down - ¡Si solo no se hubiera averiado el coche de Alí…!”
Third conditional
Conditionals
Practica con los ejercicios:
 Ejercicio 1

1. El third conditional

En inglés existen varios tipos de condicionales y, entre ellos, el third conditional. Este
tipo de condicional se utiliza para pensar en situaciones del pasado que no ocurrieron e
imaginarnos qué resultados hubiesen tenido.
If you had put yeast, the cake would have risen - Si hubieras puesto más levadura, el pastel habría
subido.
If I had asked you, would you have helped me? - Si te lo hubiera pedido, ¿me hubieras ayudado?
2. La estructura del third conditional

El third conditional tiene la siguiente estructura:

If + past perfect, sujeto + would + have + verbo en pasado participio

Recordemos que para hacer el participio debemos tener en cuenta si el verbo


es regular (se formará añadiendo la partícula -ed al final del verbo) o irregular (3ª
columna de la lista de verbos irregulares).

Otra característica de los condicionales es que el orden de las dos frases se puede
cambiar. Si empezamos por la condición (If) las separaremos por una coma. Si
empezamos con la frase que expresa el resultado no hace falta poner la coma.

If I had known your reaction, I wouldn't have told you.

Si hubiera sabido tu reacción, no te lo hubiera dicho.

I wouldn't have told you if I had known your reaction.

No te lo hubiera dicho si hubiera sabido tu reacción.

3. ¿Cómo se utiliza el third conditional?

 Para referirnos a situaciones del pasado que nunca sucedieron e imaginarnos que
resultados hubiesen tenido.

If I had had famous parents, I would have had an amazing life.

Si hubiera tenido unos padres famosos, habría tenido una vida increíble.


If you had helped me, I wouldn't have failed the exam.

Si me hubieras ayudado, no hubiera suspendido el examen.

 Para expresar arrepentimiento por no haber realizado una acción en el pasado.

If I'd worked harder, I'd have got a promotion.

Si hubiera trabajado más, habría conseguido un ascenso.


If I'd been careful, I wouldn't have cut myself.

Si hubiera ido con cuidado, no me habría cortado.

Hay que observar que la forma contraída de had, como la de would es 'd.

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