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Limits of Trigonometric Functions

The document discusses several limit theorems of trigonometric functions. It provides 6 basic limits of trig functions as x approaches c. It then gives 3 other useful trig limits needed to find derivatives, such as the limit of sin(θ)/θ as θ approaches 0 equals 1. Finally, it works through 4 examples of applying these trig limits to evaluate various indeterminate forms.

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valerie lagman
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199 views11 pages

Limits of Trigonometric Functions

The document discusses several limit theorems of trigonometric functions. It provides 6 basic limits of trig functions as x approaches c. It then gives 3 other useful trig limits needed to find derivatives, such as the limit of sin(θ)/θ as θ approaches 0 equals 1. Finally, it works through 4 examples of applying these trig limits to evaluate various indeterminate forms.

Uploaded by

valerie lagman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Graphs of

Trigonometric Functions
a. b.
c. d.
e. f.
LIMIT THEOREMS OF
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
LIMIT THEOREMS OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

1. lim sin 𝑥 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒄


𝑥→𝑐

2. lim cos 𝑥 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒄


𝑥→𝑐

3. lim tan 𝑥 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒄


𝑥→𝑐

4. lim cot 𝑥 = 𝒄𝒐𝒕 𝒄


𝑥→𝑐

5. lim sec 𝑥 = 𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝒄


𝑥→𝑐

6. lim csc 𝑥 = 𝒄𝒔𝒄 𝒄


𝑥→𝑐
Note: The Limit Theorems above are direct substitution of 𝒙 = 𝒄.
OTHER TRIGONOMETRIC LIMIT THEOREMS

sin 𝜃
1. lim 𝜃 =𝟏
𝜃→0

𝜃
2. lim sin 𝜃 =𝟏
𝜃→0

1−𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
3. lim 𝜃 =𝟎
𝜃→0

Note: These three are useful trigonometric limits that will be


needed to find the trigonometric derivatives.
Examples:

1. Evaluate: lim𝜋 𝑥 ∙ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥.


𝑥→
2

𝜋 𝜋
= ∙ sin 2
2

𝜋
= 2
∙ 1

𝝅
=
𝟐
tan 3𝑥
2. Find the: lim𝜋 cot 2𝑥 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2𝑥
𝑥→
4

𝜋
tan 3
4
= 𝜋 𝜋
cot 2 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2
4 4

3𝜋
tan
4
= 𝜋 𝜋
cot − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2
2 4

−1
= 2
0− 2

−1
= 0−2

𝟏
=
𝟐
sin 5𝑥
3. Find the: lim
𝑥→0 𝑥

sin 5𝑥
= lim 5𝑥 ∙ 5
𝑥→0

sin 5𝑥
= lim ∙ lim 5
𝑥→0 5𝑥 𝑥→0

= 1 ∙ 5
= 𝟓
sin 2𝑥
4. Find the: lim sin 7𝑥
𝑥→0

2𝑥
sin 2𝑥 ∙ 2𝑥
= lim 7𝑥
𝑥→0 sin 7𝑥 ∙ 7𝑥

sin 2𝑥
∙ 2𝑥
2𝑥
= lim sin 7𝑥
𝑥→0 ∙ 7𝑥
7𝑥

sin 2𝑥
lim ∙ lim 2
𝑥→0 2𝑥 𝑥→0
= sin 7𝑥
lim 7𝑥 ∙ lim 7
𝑥→0 𝑥→0

1 ∙ 2
= 1 ∙ 7

2
= 7

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