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Lab 7 Skeletal System PowerPoint

The document discusses the skeletal system, including: 1) The axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage, and the appendicular skeleton including the pectoral and pelvic girdles and upper and lower limbs. 2) It describes the structures of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, shoulder girdle, arms, leg girdle, and legs in detail. 3) It identifies the three types of joints - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial, using the knee joint as an example of a synovial joint.

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Nguyen (Harry) Xuan Hoang
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60 views19 pages

Lab 7 Skeletal System PowerPoint

The document discusses the skeletal system, including: 1) The axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage, and the appendicular skeleton including the pectoral and pelvic girdles and upper and lower limbs. 2) It describes the structures of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, shoulder girdle, arms, leg girdle, and legs in detail. 3) It identifies the three types of joints - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial, using the knee joint as an example of a synovial joint.

Uploaded by

Nguyen (Harry) Xuan Hoang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LAB 7 - SKELETAL SYSTEM

Objectives
• Identify the major bones in the human body
• Identify the major types of joints in the human body
• Identify the specific structures of the knee joint
2 Divisions
1. Axial Skeleton (orange on figure)
• Skull
• Vertebral column
• Thoracic cage
2. Appendicular Skeleton (tan on
figure)
• Girdles (Pectoral and Pelvic)
• Limbs (Arms and Legs)
THE AXIAL SKELETON
Skull, Vertebral Column, Thoracic Cage
The Skull
Cranium – Cranial Bones

1. Cranial bones (8)


• 8 fused bones encasing the
brain
2. Facial bones (14)
• 13 fused forming upper jaw
to just below the eyebrows
• 1 bone (Mandible) forms
lower jaw

Face - Facial Bones


Mandible
Vertebral Column
• 7 Cervical (neck)
• Atlas (C1)
• Axis (C2)
• 12 Thoracic
• Ribs attached
• 5 Lumbar
• Sacrum
• 5 fused vertebrae
• Coccyx (tailbone)
• 4 fused vertebrae
Thoracic Cage

Sternum (Breastbone)
True Ribs (1-7)
Ribs

Costal Cartilage
Vertebral Column
False Ribs (8-10)

Floating Ribs
(11 & 12)
THE APPENDICULAR
SKELETON
Girdles and Limbs
Pectoral Girdle
• Connects arms to the
body
Clavicle

Pectoral
(Collarbone) • Consists of 2 bones
Girdle
Scapula
(Shoulder 1. Clavicle
blade)
2. Scapula
Arms
Humerus (upper arm)
1. Arm
• Humerus
2. Forearm
• Ulna
• Radius
Ulna
3. Wrist Forearm
Radius

• Carpals
4. Hand
• Metacarpals
8 Carpals (wrist)

5. Fingers 5 Metacarpals
(hand)
• Phalanges
14 Phalanges
(finger bones)
Pelvic Girdle
• Supports the axial
skeleton and connects
legs to body
• Consists of 2 bones
• Left and right hip bones
(ossa coxae)

Ossa coxae
(hip bones)
Hip Bones (Ossa Coxae)
• Os coxae (singular)
1. Ilium
• Articulates with sacrum
2. Ischium

3. Pubis
• Pubic symphysis
Legs
1. Thigh
• Femur
2. Leg Femur
(upper leg)

• Tibia
• Fibula
Patella
(kneecap)
3. Ankle Tibia

• Tarsals Lower leg


Fibula

4. Foot
• Metatarsals
5. Toes 7 Tarsals
(ankle)
• Phalanges 5 Metatarsals (foot)

• Patella (kneecap) 14
Phalanges
(toe bones)
JOINTS (ARTICULATIONS)
3 Types of Joints
1. Fibrous
• Bones connected by fibrous connective tissue, and have no
to limited movement
2. Cartilaginous
• Bones connected by cartilage, and have very little movement
Examples
Fibrous - Sutures Cartilaginous - Symphyses
3 Types of Joints
3. Synovial
• Freely movable joints that provide a variable range of motion
depending on their type
• Structure
• Articular cartilage
• Ligaments
• 2 layer joint capsule
• Outer layer - Fibrous connective tissue
• Inner layer - synovial membrane
• Secretes synovial fluid which lubricates the joint
Example - Knee Joint
Quadriceps
tendon
Femur

Posterior cruciate
ligament
Lateral
collateral Anterior cruciate
ligament ligament
Medial collateral
ligament
Patellar ligament
Fibula
Patella
Tibia (kneecap)
Skeletal System Assignment
• Lab 7 – Skeletal System
• Assignment available on Canvas
• Contains directions and links to all needed documentation
• Answer Thought Questions on your own
• Submit completed Lab 7 Skeletal System Lab Report to
Canvas by its due date and time
• Late Lab Report = 0 pts

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