C1611C1611M 14371

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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: C1611/C1611M − 18

Standard Test Method for


Slump Flow of Self-Consolidating Concrete1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1611/C1611M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents


1.1 This test method covers the determination of slump flow 2.1 ASTM Standards:4
of self-consolidating concrete (SCC). C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
gregates
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Concrete
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
Concrete by the Volumetric Method
with the standard.
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes for Test Methods for Construction Materials
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes C1758/C1758M Practice for Fabricating Test Specimens
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered with Self-Consolidating Concrete
as requirements of the standard. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic
cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical 3. Terminology
burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the Terminology C125.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.1 halo, n—an observed cement paste or mortar ring that
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
has clearly separated from the coarse aggregate, around the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
outside circumference of concrete after flowing from the mold.
(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic
and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon 3.2.2 spread, n—the distance of lateral flow of concrete
prolonged exposure.3) during the slump-flow test.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- 3.2.3 stability, n—the ability of a concrete mixture to resist
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- segregation of the paste from the aggregates.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 3.2.4 viscosity, n—resistance of a material to flow under an
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- applied shearing stress.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A sample of freshly mixed concrete is placed in a mold
either in the upright or inverted position. The concrete is placed
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on in one lift without tamping or vibration. The mold is raised, and
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.47 on Self-Consolidating Concrete. the concrete is allowed to spread. After spreading ceases, two
Current edition approved July 1, 2018. Published October 2018. Originally
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C1611/C1611M – 14.
DOI: 10.1520/C1611_C1611M-18.
2 4
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. the ASTM website.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard


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C1611/C1611M − 18
diameters of the concrete mass are measured in approximately shim the base plate so that it is fully supported. Dampen the
orthogonal directions. Slump flow is the average of the two work surface, removing any standing water. Do not subject the
diameters. work surface or mold to vibration or disturbance.
8.1.1 When performing the slump flow test for a given study
5. Significance and Use or project, do not change the base plate surface type for the
5.1 This test method provides a procedure to determine the duration of the study or project.
slump flow of self-consolidating concrete in the laboratory or 8.2 Remixing of Sample—Remix the sample, obtained in
the field. accordance with 7.1, in the sample receptacle using a shovel or
5.2 This test method is used to monitor the consistency of scoop so that the concrete is homogeneous.
fresh, unhardened self-consolidating concrete and its uncon- 8.3 Filling the Mold—Fill the mold by following either
fined flow potential. Procedure A or Procedure B (see Note 2).
5.3 It is difficult to produce self-consolidating concrete that 8.3.1 Fill the mold with SCC following the procedure in
is both flowable and nonsegregating using coarse aggregates Practice C1758/C1758M.
larger than 25 mm [1 in.]. Therefore, this test method is 8.3.2 Filling Procedure A (Upright Mold)—Dampen the
considered applicable to self-consolidating concrete having interior of the mold and place it on the work surface, or
coarse aggregate up to 25 mm [1 in.] in size. Appendix X1 centered on the base plate, with the larger opening facing
provides non-mandatory visual rating criteria that may be used down. Hold the mold firmly in place during filling by standing
to classify the ability of a self-consolidating concrete mixture on the two foot pieces.
to resist segregation (stability). 8.3.3 Filling Procedure B (Inverted Mold)—Dampen the
5.4 The rate at which the concrete spreads is related to its interior of the mold and place it on the work surface, or
viscosity. Appendix X1 provides a non-mandatory procedure centered on the base plate, with the smaller opening facing
that may be used to provide an indication of relative viscosity down (see Note 3).
of self-consolidating concrete mixtures.
NOTE 2—During the development of this test method, it was found that
some of the users preferred to perform the test with the large opening of
6. Apparatus the mold facing down as is performed in Test Method C143/C143M. The
6.1 Mold—The mold used in this test method shall conform provision of a collar to the top of the mold is useful to reduce the
probability of concrete spilling over the mold and on to the base plate.
to that described in Test Method C143/C143M. Other users preferred to place the mold with the smaller opening face
6.2 Base Plate—A nonabsorbent, smooth, rigid plate having down, which facilitates the ease of filling. Both filling procedures have
a minimum diameter of 915 mm [36 in.] (see Note 1). been found to be suitable when performing this test. The precision
statement in Section 10 reflects the use of both procedures. Test data using
NOTE 1—Field experience and results from the round robin test the two filling procedures can be obtained in the round robin test report
program have shown that base plates made from sealed/laminated available from ASTM headquarters.
plywood, acrylic plastic, or steel are suitable for performing this test. NOTE 3—As a precaution, when filling the mold in the inverted position,
6.3 Strike-off Bar—As described in Test Method C173/ the mold may be supported to prevent accidental movement or tipping.
Experienced users of this test method have found that it is not necessary
C173M. to support the mold.
6.4 Measuring Device—A ruler, metal roll-up measuring 8.4 Strike off the surface of the concrete level with the top
tape, or similar rigid or semi-rigid measuring instrument of the mold by a sawing motion of the strike-off bar. Remove
marked in increments of 5 mm [1⁄4 in.] or less. concrete from the area surrounding the base of the mold to
6.5 Sample Receptacle—A pan or wheelbarrow that is preclude interference with the movement of the flowing
water-tight, has a nonabsorbent surface, and is large enough to concrete. Remove the mold from the concrete by raising it
allow both remixing of the entire sample and retain a volume vertically. Raise the mold a distance of 225 6 75 mm [9 6
of concrete sufficient to fill the mold. 3 in.] in 3 6 1 s by a steady upward lift with no lateral or
6.6 Other Tools—Items such as shovels and scoops capable torsional motion. Complete the entire test from the start of
of remixing the concrete in the sample receptacle, filling the filling through removal of the mold without interruption within
pouring vessel, or both. an elapsed time of 21⁄2 min.
8.5 Wait for the concrete to stop flowing and then measure
7. Sample the largest diameter (d1) of the resulting circular spread of
7.1 Obtain a sample of freshly-mixed self-consolidating concrete. When a halo is observed in the resulting circular
concrete in accordance with Practice C172 and place it in the spread of concrete, it shall be included as part of the diameter
34 sample receptacle. of the concrete. Measure a second diameter (d2) of the circular
spread at an angle approximately perpendicular to the first
8. Procedure measured diameter (d1). Measure the diameters to the nearest
5 mm [1⁄4 in.]. Determine the Slump flow in accordance with
8.1 Perform this test on a flat, level, nonabsorbent work
Section 9.
surface such as a concrete floor or base plate. Use a base plate
in conditions where a flat, level surface is not available, such as 8.6 If the measurement of the two diameters differs by more
on a construction site. When the base plate is used, position and than 50 mm [2 in.], the test is invalid and shall be repeated.

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C1611/C1611M − 18
9. Calculation and unstable mixes. Complete details of the round robin test
9.1 Calculate the slump flow using Eq 1: program are available from ASTM headquarters in a report
entitled “Report on Development of a Precision Statement for
Slump flow 5 ~ d 1 1d 2 ! /2 (1) the Slump Flow Test Method for Self-Consolidating Concrete.”
where: 11.2 Single-Operator Precision—The single-operator preci-
d1 = the largest diameter of the circular spread of the sion statement reflects the use of both procedures A and B. The
concrete, and single-operator standard deviation for slump flow has been
d2 = the circular spread of the concrete at an angle approxi- found to be 27 mm [1.1 in.] (see Note 4) for mixtures having
mately perpendicular to d1. slump flow values between approximately 480 and 680 mm [19
9.2 Record the average of the two diameters to the nearest and 27 in.]. Therefore, results of two properly conducted tests
10 mm [1⁄2 in.]. by the same operator on the same batch of concrete should not
differ by more than 75 mm [3.0 in.] (see Note 4).
10. Report 11.3 Multi-Operator Precision—The multi-operator preci-
10.1 Report the filling procedure (A or B) used. sion statement reflects the use of both procedures A and B. The
10.2 Report the slump flow to the nearest 10 mm [1⁄2 in.]. multi-operator standard deviation for slump flow has been
found to be 27 mm [1.1 in.] (see Note 4) for mixtures with
11. Precision and Bias5 slump flow values between approximately 530 and 740 mm [21
11.1 The precision of this test method was determined based and 29 in.]. Therefore, the results of properly conducted tests
on the results obtained from a round robin test program by two operators on the same batch of concrete should not
conducted by members of the ASTM C09.47 subcommittee on differ by more than 75 mm [3.0 in.] (see Note 4).
January 9, 2003. The round robin test program consisted of NOTE 4—These numbers represent, respectively, the (1s) and (d2s)
using single and multiple operators performing three replicas limits as described in Practice C670.
of the test using the mold in both the upright and inverted 11.4 Bias—The procedure used in this test method has no
positions. The tests were performed using self-consolidating bias since slump flow is defined only in terms of this test
concrete with high and low levels of slump flow and on stable method.
12. Keywords
5
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may
be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:C09-1033. Contact ASTM Customer 12.1 halo; self-consolidating concrete; slump flow; spread;
Service at service@astm.org. stability; viscosity; visual stability index

APPENDIX

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. RELATIVE MEASURE OF FLOW RATE, VISCOSITY, AND STABILITY

X1.1 The flow rate of a self-consolidating concrete mixture concrete mixtures. Table X1.1 contains Visual Stability Index
is influenced by its viscosity. Hence, for the purpose of (VSI) values with corresponding criteria to qualitatively assess
developing a self-consolidating concrete mixture in the the stability of self-consolidating concrete. However, these
laboratory, a relative measure of viscosity is useful. When values do not quantify a concrete property.
performing the slump flow test, the time it takes for the outer
edge of the concrete mass, to reach a diameter of 500 mm X1.3 Apparatus:
[20 in.] from the time the mold is first raised, provides a X1.3.1 Inscribed Base Plate—a base plate as described in
relative measure of the unconfined flow rate of the concrete 6.2, with a circular mark centrally located for the placement of
mixture. For similar materials, this time period, termed T50, mold, and a further concentric circle at 500 mm [20 in.].
gives an indication of the relative viscosity of the self-
consolidating concrete mixture.
NOTE X1.1—The T50 value can provide information on the flow
properties of the self-consolidating concrete mixture, whereby longer TABLE X1.1 Visual Stability Index Values
values normally correspond to increased viscosity. Special high-range VSI Value Criteria
water-reducing admixtures are typically used to modify the flow proper- 0 = Highly Stable No evidence of segregation or bleeding.
ties of the self-consolidating concrete mixture. In addition, viscosity- 1 = Stable No evidence of segregation and slight bleeding observed
modifying admixtures and other changes in mixture proportions and as a sheen on the concrete mass.
materials can also influence flow properties and resistance to segregation. 2 = Unstable A slight mortar halo #10 mm [#0.5 in.] and/or aggregate
pile in the of the concrete mass.
X1.2 The stability of self-consolidating concrete can be 3 = Highly Clearly segregating by evidence of a large mortar halo
Unstable >10 mm [>0.5 in.] and/or a large aggregate pile in the
observed visually by examining the concrete mass and there- center of the concrete mass.
fore can be used for quality control of self-consolidating

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C1611/C1611M − 18
NOTE X1.2—The centrally located circular mark made at the 500 mm the coarse aggregate within the concrete mass the distribution
[20 in.] location on the base plate will assist the user in determining the of the mortar fraction particularly along the perimeter, and the
T50 value.
bleeding characteristics. Assign a Visual Stability Index (VSI)
X1.3.2 Stop Watch—least reading of not more than 0.01 s. value to the concrete spread using the criteria shown in Table
X1.1 and illustrated in Figs. X1.1-X1.4.
X1.4 Procedure:
X1.4.1 To determine T50, use a stopwatch to measure the X1.5 Recording:
time in seconds it takes any part of the outer edge of the
spreading concrete to reach the inscribed mark on the base X1.5.1 Record T50 to the nearest 0.2 second.
plate from the time the mold is first lifted. X1.5.2 Record the VSI value.
X1.4.2 After spreading of the concrete has stopped, visually
inspect the concrete mixture by observing the distribution of

FIG. X1.1 VSI = 0 – Concrete Mass is Homogeneous and No Evi-


dence of Bleeding.

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C1611/C1611M − 18

FIG. X1.2 VSI = 1 – Concrete Shows Slight Bleeding Observed as


Sheen on Surface.

FIG. X1.3 VSI = 2 – Evidence of Mortar Halo and Water Sheen.

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C1611/C1611M − 18

FIG. X1.4 VSI = 3 – Concentration of Coarse Aggregate at Center


of Concrete Mass and Presence of Mortar Halo.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(C1611/C1611M – 14) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved July 1, 2018.)

(1) Added Practice C1758/C1758M to list of referenced docu- (3) Added new 8.3.1, removed previous 8.3.3 to 8.3.5, renum-
ments (Section 2). bered sections accordingly.
(2) Removed previous 6.6 and Note 2, renumbered subsequent
sections and notes accordingly.

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