UNIT OPERATIONS 1 SET B Two stirred tanks are available, one 100 m3 in volume, the other 30 m3 in

The fractional conversion of a zero-order reaction carried out under liquid phase in a volume. It is suggested that these tanks be used as a two-stage CSTR for
single CSTR is _______ where Ɵ is the residence time. carrying out a liquid phase reaction
Answer:
In heat transfer thru fluids, the phenomenon in which the currents are due to A + B → P.
buoyancy forces generated by differences in density which are actually caused by
temperature gradients in the fluid mass, is known as natural convection The two reactants will be present in the feed stream in equimolal proportions,
Which is not correct? The effect of the boiling point rise of a solution is an the concentration of each being 1.5 kmol/m3. The volumetric flow rate of the
increase in the steam economy. feed stream will be 0.3 x 10 -3 m3/s. The reaction is irreversible and is of first
order with respect to each of the reactants A and B, i.e. second order overall,
Determine the expression for conversion (XA) of a second-order reaction carried out with a rate constant 1.8 x 10 -4 m3/(kmol)(s). If the feed is introduced to the
in a batch reactor under constant volume. 100 m3 tank and the final product leaves the 30 m3 tank,
Answer:
When the flow of the fluid is turbulent, the pressure drop across the length of pipe of Determine the concentration of B leaving the first tank in kmol/m3. 0.15
known diameter may be best calculated using the Fanning Equation What is the boiling point rise of a 30% NaOH if the solution boils at 175 oF? 19°F
The over-all heat transfer coefficient of an evaporator as a function of the driving
force ΔT at a given boiling solution temperature, is in general, Increasing
A certain substance A is mixed with equal amount of B and C. After 10 minutes,
The gas phase reaction 2A + B → R starts with 40% A, 30% B and 30% inerts. half of A has reacted. What will be the conversion after 20 minutes if the reaction is
Reaction proceeds in a plug flow reactor at constant temperature of 170oC with CAo second-order with respect to A? 67%
= 0.765 mole/liter. If the final concentration of A is 0.15 mole/liter, the % conversion Water leaves the 25 mm diameter nozzle of a fire hose at a velocity of 25 m/s. What
will be 87.2% will be the reaction force at the nozzle which the fireman will have to
A liquid phase reaction 2A → P with k = 25 cubic feet/ mol-hr is carried out in a counterbalance? 307 N
PFR. A flow rate of 50 cubic feet per hour containing pure A with initial A double effect forward-feed evaporator is required to give a product consisting of
concentration of A equal to 0.20 lb mol/cubic foot enters the reactor. What reactor 30% crystal and a mother liquor containing 40% by mass of dissolved solids. The
volume is required to attain 95% conversion? 190 cubic feet feed enters the first effect at 0.6 kg/s containing 20% by mass of dissolved solids.
A very long 1-cm diameter cylindrical rod (k = 300 W/m-K) has a base temperature The temperature of the feed is 313 K. Dry saturated steam is supported at 375 kPa
of 250oC. If it is exposed to ambient air at 28oC (h = 10 W/m-K), what will be the and the condenser operates at 13.5 kPa. Assume U1 = 2.8 and U2 = 1.7 kW/m2-k.
heat lost by the fin to the air by convection in W/m? 19.1 The specific heat capacity of the feed and the product liquors may be taken as
A spherical furnace has an inside radius of 3 ft and an outside radius of 4 ft. The constant at 4.18 KJ/Kg-oC, and the effects of BPR and of hydrostatic head may be
inside surface temperature of the furnace is 2000°F and the outside surface neglected. Determine the overall steam economy. NOTE: Just use the first trial.
temperature is 175°F. The thermal conductivity of the wall is 0.201 Btu/(hr-ft-°F). 1.34
Calculate the total heat loss in Btu/hr. 55,280 Find the first-order rate constant for the disappearance of A in the gas phase
A 1 inch 10 BWG copper tubing used in a heat exchanger 6 m long has an outside reaction A → 1.6 R if the volume of the reaction mixture starting with pure A
surface heating area of 0.732 m² increases by 50% in 4 min. The total pressure within the system is maintained
In the filtration of a sludge, the initial period in effected at a constant rate with the constant at 1.2 atm and the temperature is 25°C. 0.45/min
feed pump at full capacity until the pressure differential reaches 400 kPa. The pressure A Plate and Frame filter press is operated under constant pressure of 20 psig and
is then maintained at this value for a remainder of the filtration. The constant rate
operation requires 900 seconds and 1/3 of the total filtrate is obtained during this delivers 10,000 gal of filtrate in 3 hours for an area of 300 ft2. What will be the time
period. No washing of the cake is done. If the time for removing the cake and of washing if volume of wash water is 2000 gal? Assume resistance of the filter
reassembling the press is 1200 seconds, determine the total time per cycle. 95 min medium is negligible. 4.8 hrs
A filter press was operated under constant rate for 20 minutes where 5 m3 of filtrate
was collected. If the CRF operation is followed by CPF operation, how many more
minutes will it take to collect another 5 m3 of filtrate? 30
A liquid exhibiting no BPR is concentrated in a triple-effect evaporator. The
temperature of the steam to the first effect is 395K, and vacuum is applied to the third
effect so that the boiling point is 325K. If U1 =3.1, U2=2.3 and U3 = 1.1 kW/m2–oC ,
What is the pressure in the second effect for the evaporator? 71.3 kPa
The reaction
k1 k2
A → B → C is carried out in a batch reactor. The initial concentrations of B
and C are zero and that of A is 1 mol/L. k1=k2=k=0.1/min. Determine the
concentration of C at the time when the concentration of B is maximum. 0.264 mol/L
Calculate the theoretical horsepower required to compress 100 cfm of carbon
monoxide at -60oF and 1 atm to 10 atm in a two-stage adiabatic compressor. Use
Cp/Cv = 1.3. 20
A 150 mm gas main is used for transferring gas (M = 13, kinematic viscosity = 0.25
cm2/s) at 295 K from a plant to a storage station 100 m away at a rate of 1.25 m3/s
Calculate the pressure drop if the pipe can be considered smooth. Assume the given
volumetric flow rate is measured at STP. 14 kPa
A current of 200 amperes is passed through a stainless steel wire (k = 22.5 W/(m-K))
with diameter of 5 mm and length of 2.5 m. The electric resistance of the wire is 0.1
ohm. Estimate the temperature at the center of the wire if the outer surface is held at
155 oC. 160.6 °C