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    Cell Types

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    yvette
    Cell type is useful for classifying organisms as either simple or complex. Prokaryotic cells are the simplest type of cell - they lack organelles and a nucleus, have circular DNA floating in the cytoplasm, and are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are more complex - they have membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and a nucleus, linear DNA surrounded by a nuclear membrane, and can be multicellular. While both cell types share some similarities like membranes and DNA, cell structure distinguishes prokaryotes as simpler and eukaryotes as more advanced.

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    Cell Types

    Uploaded by

    yvette
    79 views16 pages
    Cell type is useful for classifying organisms as either simple or complex. Prokaryotic cells are the simplest type of cell - they lack organelles and a nucleus, have circular DNA floating in the cytoplasm, and are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are more complex - they have membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and a nucleus, linear DNA surrounded by a nuclear membrane, and can be multicellular. While both cell types share some similarities like membranes and DNA, cell structure distinguishes prokaryotes as simpler and eukaryotes as more advanced.

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    3. Cell Types

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    Cell type is useful for classifying organisms as either simple or complex. Prokaryotic cells are the simplest type of cell - they lack organelles and a nucleus, have circular DNA floating in the cytoplasm, and are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are more complex - they have membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and a nucleus, linear DNA surrounded by a nuclear membrane, and can be multicellular. While both cell types share some similarities like membranes and DNA, cell structure distinguishes prokaryotes as simpler and eukaryotes as more advanced.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    79 views16 pages

    Cell Types

    Uploaded by

    yvette
    Cell type is useful for classifying organisms as either simple or complex. Prokaryotic cells are the simplest type of cell - they lack organelles and a nucleus, have circular DNA floating in the cytoplasm, and are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are more complex - they have membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and a nucleus, linear DNA surrounded by a nuclear membrane, and can be multicellular. While both cell types share some similarities like membranes and DNA, cell structure distinguishes prokaryotes as simpler and eukaryotes as more advanced.

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    of 16

    Cell Type

    What would happen


    if all organisms
    remained simple or
    complex?

    What is your
    basis for
    classifying the
    organisms as
    simple or
    complex?
    Essential Question:
    How useful is the cell type in
    classifying organisms?
    Cellular Membrane/Plasma
    Membrane
    Fundamental
    Cell Structural Cytoplasm
    Parts
    Genetic material (Nucleus,
    DNA)
    before
    Nut or nucleus

    true
    Nut or nucleus
    Prokaryotic Cells
    • Prokaryotes are the simplest type of cell.
    • Prokaryotes unicellular organisms that are found in all
    environments.
    • Prokaryotes do not have a nuclear membrane . Their circular
    shaped genetic material dispersed throughout cytoplasm.
    • Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles .
    • Prokaryotes have a simple internal structure.
    • Prokaryotes are smaller in size when compared to Eukaryotes.
    Shapes of Prokaryotes
    • Cocci =
    spherical
    (round)
    • Bacillus =
    (rod shaped)
    • Spirilla =
    helical
    (spiral)
    Prokaryotic Cells
    Eukaryotic Cells
    • Eukaryotes are generally more advanced than prokaryotes
    • Nuclear membrane surrounds linear genetic material (DNA)
    • Unlike prokaryotes, eukaryotes have several different parts
    • Eukaryote’s organelles have coverings known as membranes
    • Eukaryotes have a complex internal structure
    • Eukaryotes are larger than prokaryotes in size
    Eukaryotic
    Mitochondria
    Cells
    Nucleus
    Cytoplasm

    Golgi Complex Endoplasmic


    Reticulum

    Cell
    Membrane
    Review:
    Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells
    • Organelles Membrane • Organelle Membrane
    • Organelles lack a membrane • Organelles covered by a membrane
    • Covering of Genetic Material • Covering of Genetic Material
    • Genetic material floats in the cytoplasm • Membrane covered Genetic material
    (DNA and RNA)
    Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells
    • Orientation of DNA • Orientation of DNA
    • Circular DNA • Linear DNA
    • Number of Cells • Number of Cells
    • Unicellular • May be multicellular or unicellular
    • Cell Size • Cell Size
    • Cells are smaller in size • Cells are larger in size
    • Number of Example of Organisms • Number of Example of Organisms
    • Has larger number of organisms • Has smaller number of organisms
    How do the similarities line up?

    • Both types of cells have cell


    membranes (outer covering of the
    cell)
    • Both types of cells have ribosomes
    • Both types of cells have DNA
    • Both types of cells have a liquid
    environment known as the
    cytoplasm

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