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    Laws of Reflection

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    Areefa Mohamed
    The document discusses reflection of light and the laws of reflection. It defines key terms like incident ray, reflected ray, normal, angle of incidence, and angle of reflection. It states the two laws of reflection: 1) the incident ray, reflected ray and normal all lie in the same plane, and 2) the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. It also discusses the differences between real and virtual images, noting that virtual images appear to come from behind the mirror and cannot be projected onto a screen, while real images are inverted and can be projected onto a screen.

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    Laws of Reflection

    Uploaded by

    Areefa Mohamed
    103 views4 pages
    The document discusses reflection of light and the laws of reflection. It defines key terms like incident ray, reflected ray, normal, angle of incidence, and angle of reflection. It states the two laws of reflection: 1) the incident ray, reflected ray and normal all lie in the same plane, and 2) the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. It also discusses the differences between real and virtual images, noting that virtual images appear to come from behind the mirror and cannot be projected onto a screen, while real images are inverted and can be projected onto a screen.

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    The document discusses reflection of light and the laws of reflection. It defines key terms like incident ray, reflected ray, normal, angle of incidence, and angle of reflection. It states the two laws of reflection: 1) the incident ray, reflected ray and normal all lie in the same plane, and 2) the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. It also discusses the differences between real and virtual images, noting that virtual images appear to come from behind the mirror and cannot be projected onto a screen, while real images are inverted and can be projected onto a screen.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    103 views4 pages

    Laws of Reflection

    Uploaded by

    Areefa Mohamed
    The document discusses reflection of light and the laws of reflection. It defines key terms like incident ray, reflected ray, normal, angle of incidence, and angle of reflection. It states the two laws of reflection: 1) the incident ray, reflected ray and normal all lie in the same plane, and 2) the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. It also discusses the differences between real and virtual images, noting that virtual images appear to come from behind the mirror and cannot be projected onto a screen, while real images are inverted and can be projected onto a screen.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Physics

    •   Light is a form of energy that produces in us the sensation of sight.


    •   Reflection of light is the phenomenon of bouncing back of light in the same medium on
    striking the surface of any object.
    •   The two laws of reflection are:
             (i) the incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal (the point of incidence), all lie in the
    same plane.
             (ii) the angle of reflection (r) is always equal to the angle of incidence (i)
                      ∠r = ∠i
    •   In a plane mirror, the image of a real object is always
             (i) virtual,
             (ii) erect
             (iii) of same size as the object,
             (iv) as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of the mirror.
             (v) laterally inverted.

    The laws of reflection


    Some of the terms we use when discussing reflection are illustrated in figure 21.1.
    A ray of light strikes the mirror at the point P and leaves the mirror by reflection. The ray
    striking the mirror is called the incident ray. The point at which the ray strikes the mirror is the
    point of incidence, shown here as P. The ray that bounces off the mirror is the reflected ray.
    If a perpendicular to the mirror is drawn at the point P, that perpendicular is called the normal
    at P. The angle (i) between the incident ray and the normal is the angle of incidence. The angle
    (r) between the reflected ray and the normal is the angle of reflection. The two laws governing
    reflection, called the laws of reflection, are:
    1. The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal at the point of incidence all lie in the same
    plane. This plane is called the ‘plane of incidence’.
    2. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, or i = r

    First law of reflection: the incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal at the point of incidence
    all lie in the same plane. The plane is called the ‘plane of incidence’
    Second law: the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, or i=r
    What is a virtual image?
    A virtual image is formed when reflected rays appear to meet. Virtual image refers to the image
    which forms when the light rays appear to meet at a definite point, after reflection from the
    mirror. An erect image is one that appears right-side up. An erect image is formed by the actual
    intersection of rays.

     Such images cannot be obtained on the screen.


     Plane mirrors, convex mirrors, and concave lenses always form virtual images.

    Characteristics of a virtual image

     A virtual image can only be seen while looking through lenses.


     The image appear to come from behind the lens.
     It may be larger than the object.
     It cannot be projected onto a screen.
     It is always upright.

    What is a real image?

    Difference Between Real Image and Virtual Image


    Real Image Virtual Image

    Real images are inverted Virtual images are erect

    A real image is always formed by a convex Virtual images can be formed by concave, convex
    lens. or plane mirrors.

    Real images are formed on the screen Virtual images appear to be on the lens or the
    mirror itself

    Real images are always formed by a concave Convex mirror forms a virtual image
    mirror

    Real images are formed due to the actual Virtual images are formed due to the imaginary
    intersection of light rays intersection of light rays

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