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Operational Research Problem Set and Answear

This document contains the details of a student named Muhammad Fauzy Syaputra enrolled in the Industrial Engineering program taking the Operations Research II course. It includes solutions to problems involving determining arrival and service rates, steady state probabilities, and the probability and expected number of idle servers in a queueing model with 4 servers.

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Fauzy Syaputra
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406 views4 pages

Operational Research Problem Set and Answear

This document contains the details of a student named Muhammad Fauzy Syaputra enrolled in the Industrial Engineering program taking the Operations Research II course. It includes solutions to problems involving determining arrival and service rates, steady state probabilities, and the probability and expected number of idle servers in a queueing model with 4 servers.

Uploaded by

Fauzy Syaputra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Nama : Muhammad Fauzy Syaputra

NIM : 120190025

Program Studi : Teknik Industri

Mata Kuliah : Penelitian Operasional II

18. 3 In each of the following situations, identify the customer and the server:
(a) Planes arriving at an airport.
Server is an airport
Customer is the planes
(b) Taxi stand serving waiting passengers.
Server is taxi
Customer is passenger
(c) Tools checked out from a crib in a machining shop.
Server is crip in a machining shop
Customer is tools checked
(d) Letters processed in a post office.
Server is post office
Customer is Letters processed
(e) Registration for classes in a university.
Server is University
Customer is students who want to register for class
(f) Legal court cases.
Server is legal court
Customer is cases
(g) Checkout operation in a supermarket.
Server is supermarket
Customer is checkout operatioin
(h) Parking lot operation.
Server is parking lot
Customer is all vehicles that want to park

Red = Server
Purple = Customer

Muhammad Fauzy Syaputra_120190025


18. 8 (a) Explain your understanding of the relationship between the arrival rate λ and
the average interarrival time. What are the units describing each parameter?
Arrival rate adalah nilai rata-rata banyaknya suatu kedatangan ke dalam sistem antrian
dalam satu satuan waktu. Interarrival time sendiri merupakan rata-rata selang waktu
dua kedatangan dalam sistem antrian yang berurutan. Hubungan antara keduanya
1
didefinisikan sebagai Arrival rate = Interarrival time, jadi banyaknya pelanggan atau
kedatangan dalam satuan waktu dapat dicari dengan membalikkan interarrival time.
Unit untuk arrival rate adalah jumlah kedatangan per satuan waktu, dan unit untuk
interarrival rate adalah satuan waktu untuk setiap kedatangan.

(b) In each of the following cases, determine the average arrival rate per hour, λ,
and the average interarrival time in hours.
(i) One arrival occurs every 20 minutes.
1
Average arrival rate per hour = λ = 20/60 = 3 arrival per hour
Interarrival time in hours = 1/3 = 0,333 hours/arrival

(ii) Two arrivals occur every 6 minutes.


2
Average arrival rate per hour = λ = 6/60 = 20 arrival per hour
Interarrival time in hours = 1/20 = 0,05 hours/arrival

(iii) Number of arrivals in a 30-minute period is 10.


10
Average arrival rate per hour = λ = 30/60 = 20 arrival per hour
Interarrival time in hours = 1/20 = 0,05 hours/arrival

(iv) The average interval between successive arrivals is .5 hour.


Interarrival time in hours = 0,5 hour/arrival
Average arrival rate per hour = λ = 1/0,5 = 2 arrival per hour

(c) In each of the following cases, determine the average service rate per hour, µ,
and the average service time in hours.
*(i) One service is completed every 15 minutes.
1
Average service rate per hour = µ = 15/60 = 4 service per hour
Average service time in hours = ¼ = 0,25 hour/service

(ii) Two departures occur every 15 minutes.


2
Average service rate per hour = µ = 15/60 = 8 service per hour
Average service time in hours = 1/8 = 0,125 hour/service

(iii) Number of customers served in a 30-minute period is 5.


5
Average service rate per hour = µ = 30/60 = 10 service per hour
Average service time in hours = 1/10 = 0,1 hour/service

(iv) The average service time is .3 hour.


Average service time in hours = 0,3 hour
Average service rate per hour = µ = 1/0,3 = 10/3 = 3,3 service per hour

Muhammad Fauzy Syaputra_120190025


18. 40 In the B&K model of Example 18.5-1, suppose that the interarrival time at the
checkout area is exponential with mean 8 minutes and that the checkout time per
customer is also exponential with mean 12 minutes. Suppose further that B&K
will add a fourth counter. Counters 1, 2, and 3 will open based on increments of
two customers and counter 4 will open when there are 7 or more in the store.
Determine the following:

Number of customers in store Number of counters in operation


1 to 2 1
3 to 4 2
5 to 6 3
More than 7 4

Interarrival time = 8 minutes = 0,13 hour


Average arrival rate per hour = λ = 60/8 = 7,5 customer per hour
checkout time per customer = 12 minutes = 1/5 hour

λ n = λ = 7,5 customers per hour, n = 0, 1, ..

µ n = 60/12 = 5 customers per hour, n = 0, 1, 2


2 * 5 = 10 customers per hour, n = 3,4
3 * 5 = 15 customers per hour, n = 5,6
4 * 5 = 20 customers per hour, n >= 7
(a) The steady-state probabilities, pn for all n.
7,5
P1 = ( 5 ) 𝑃0 = 1,5 P0
7,5 2
P2 = ( 5 ) 𝑃0 = 2,25 P0
7,5 2 7,5
P3 = ( 5 ) ( 10 ) 𝑃0 = 1,697 P0
7,5 2 7,5 2
P4 = ( 5 ) ( 10 ) 𝑃0 = 1,266 P0
7,5 2 7,5 2 7,5
P5 = ( 5 ) ( 10 ) ( 15 ) 𝑃0 = 0,633 P0
7,5 2 7,5 2 7,5 2
P6 = ( 5 ) ( 10 ) ( 15 ) 𝑃0 = 0,316 P0
7,5 2 7,5 2 7,5 2 7,5 𝑛−6 7,5 𝑛−6
Pn>=7 = ( 5 ) ( 10 ) ( 15 ) ( 20 ) 𝑃0 = 0,316 ( 20 ) P0

(b) The probability that a fourth counter will be needed.


7,5 1
p0 + p0{1,5 + 2,25 + 1,679 + 1,266 + 0,633 + 0,316 + 0,316 ( 20 ) +….=1

1
𝑃0 {8,644 + 0,316 ( )} = 1
7,5
1 − 20
P0 = 0,109
And thus,
P1 = 0,163
P2 = 0,245
P3 = 0,185

Muhammad Fauzy Syaputra_120190025


P4 = 0,138
P5 = 0,069
P6 = 0,034
7,5 𝑛−6
Pn>=7 = 0,034( 20 )

Pn>=7 = 1-(P0+P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6)
= 1 – ((1,5+2,25+1,697+1,266+0,633+0,316)(0,109)
= 0,165

(c) The average number of idle counters.


P{0 counter}= P0 = 0,109
P{1 counter}= P1+P2 = 0,408
P{2 counter}= P3+P4 = 0,323
P{3 counter}= P5+P6 = 0,103
P{4 counter}= P7+P8+….=

Expeted number
of idle counters = 4p0 + 3(p1+p2) + 2(p3+p4) + 1(p5+p6) + 0(p7+p8+..)
= 2,409 counter

Muhammad Fauzy Syaputra_120190025

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