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Simulation

Simulation is the operation of a model over time to analyze the performance of an existing or proposed system. It involves using a model to study how a system works. The key components of a simulation model include system entities, input variables, performance measures, and functional relationships. Developing a simulation model involves identifying a problem, designing a model, collecting data, developing and verifying the model, validating it against the real system, documenting it, and running experiments.

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Samuel Oyetunde
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28 views

Simulation

Simulation is the operation of a model over time to analyze the performance of an existing or proposed system. It involves using a model to study how a system works. The key components of a simulation model include system entities, input variables, performance measures, and functional relationships. Developing a simulation model involves identifying a problem, designing a model, collecting data, developing and verifying the model, validating it against the real system, documenting it, and running experiments.

Uploaded by

Samuel Oyetunde
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Simulation of a system is the operation of a model in terms of time or space, which helps

analyze the performance of an existing or a proposed system. In other words, simulation is


the process of using a model to study the performance of a system. It is an act of using a
model for simulation.
BRIEF HISTORY OF SIMULATION
The historical perspective of simulation is as enumerated in a chronological order.
In 1940, a method named ‘Monte Carlo’ was developed by researchers (John von Neumann,
Stanislaw Ulan, Edward Teller, Herman Kahn) and physicists working on a Manhattan
project to study neutron scattering.
In 1960, the first special-purpose simulation languages were developed, such as SIMSCRIPT
by Harry Markowitz at the RAND Corporation.
In 1970, during this period, research was initiated on mathematical foundations of simulation.
In 1980, during this period, PC-based simulation software, graphical user interfaces and
object-oriented programming were developed.
In 1990, during this period, web-based simulation, fancy animated graphics, simulation-based
optimization, Markov-chain Monte Carlo methods were developed.
BASIC COMPONENTS OF SIMULATION MODELS
Simulation models consist of the following components:
i. System entities
Individual elements of the system that are being simulated and whose behavior is
being explicitly tracked.
ii. Input variables
Input variables reflect characteristic of the system, regardless of the number of what
of or what kinds of entities may be in the model.
iii. Performance measures
Performance measures are based on the comparison of the model’s predictions with
the (known) values of the dependent variable in a dataset.
iv. Functional relationships
Functional relationship is the interrelationship between the various components of
simulation models.
STAGES IN DEVELOPING SIMULATION MODELS
The following are the steps to develop a simulation model.
Step 1 - Identify the problem with an existing system or set requirements of a proposed
system.
Step 2 - Design the problem while taking care of the existing system factors and limitations.
Step 3 - Collect and start processing the system data, observing its performance and result.
Step 4 - Develop the model using network diagrams and verify it using various verifications
techniques.
Step 5 - Validate the model by comparing its performance under various conditions with the
real system.
Step 6 - Create a document of the model for future use, which includes objectives,
assumptions, input variables and performance in detail.
Step 7 - Select an appropriate experimental design as per requirement.
Step 8 - Induce experimental conditions on the model and observe the result.

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