A Message to Massachusetts Motorists

from the Registry of Motor Vehicles

Dear Motorist,
The MassDOT Registry of Motor Vehicles is pleased to provide you with this updated
Driver’s Manual. The manual is a helpful guide and a reminder that a driver’s license is a
privilege, and with that comes the responsibilities of understanding and following the laws,
and keeping you and other drivers safe on the road.
Certain processes have changed, and continue to change, due to the pandemic, so please
check the RMV’s website (Mass.Gov/RMV) for the most up to date information.
Please read the rules of the road in order to prepare for your road test and a lifetime of safe
driving, bicycling, and walking. Some of the important points in the manual include:
Hands-Free Electronics While Driving - Massachusetts law prohibits operators of motor
vehicles from using any electronic device, including mobile telephones, unless the device is
used in hands-free mode. Drivers are not permitted to hold or support any electronic device.
Teen drivers are not allowed to use any electronic devices, even in hands-free mode. Fines
and other penalties will be imposed for violators of the “hands-free law.” See page 68 for
more information.
Out-of-State Violations - Out-of-state motor vehicle violations impact your record just as if
they occurred in Massachusetts. Do not ignore them. If you fail to pay or appear in another
jurisdiction for a violation, the RMV will take action against you when learning of these
events. See page 46 for more information.
REAL ID - Beginning May 3, 2023, you will need a REAL ID, or other acceptable ID such
as a valid passport, to fly within the United States. See page 2 for more information.
It’s important that you stay up to date on changes aimed at increasing safety for all. One
way to stay connected is to look for updates to this manual online. We are proud to offer
the Driver’s Manual as a fully accessible PDF on our website, Mass.Gov/RMV. In addition
to English, the manual is currently available online in Spanish.
The RMV looks forward to serving you because, together, we can keep our roads safe.
For the latest RMV news, follow the RMV on Twitter @MassRMV.

Revised August 2022

 Commonwealth of Massachusetts

Sharing the Road

A User’s Manual for Public Ways

Most public ways, including urban streets, country lanes, main roads, secondary roads, and
suburban or rural roads, are meant to be shared by all of us. “Us” includes pedestrians,
persons riding on bicycles or motorcycles, persons riding in passenger vehicles or buses,
and persons operating commercial motor vehicles or trailers, or combinations of those
vehicles. Some ways, such as Interstate highways and expressways, are designed
exclusively for use by motor vehicles and trailers traveling at high speeds. Other public
ways are specifically designed for slower speeds or for travel by lighter vehicles and may
restrict or prohibit certain vehicles. Public ways come in various lengths and widths with
various features: one-way, two-way, multiple lanes, High Occupancy Vehicle lanes (HOV),
center dividers, sidewalks, bicycle lanes, and hard or soft shoulders. However the public
way is laid out, it is meant to be used by people and the various types of vehicles that may
propel them along if they are not on foot.
Although the bulk of this manual provides information about the use of public ways for
motor vehicles and trailers, the goal of the RMV in producing it is to make all users of public
ways aware that our public streets and roads are meant to be shared except where the law
provides for limited uses. Bicycling and walking may be used in conjunction with transit, so
always pay attention.
Sharing the Road with Bicycles:
In recent years, to further promote safe interactions on our roads between bicycles and
motor vehicles, several new or amended laws have taken effect. These expand the rights of
bicyclists and make it easier to cite them for their own traffic violations. They also place new
legal responsibilities on motorists.* The changes should help ensure that bicyclists have a
safer riding environment. The changes enforce stricter standards on motorists to be alert
and careful in the presence of bicycles. For a brief description of these changes, see page
77 and 107.
Attention Motorists:
Bicyclists have a legal right to use all public roads in this state except limited access or
express state highways where signs specifically prohibiting bicycles have been posted.
Like motorists, they are also required to know and obey traffic laws and regulations. Both
bicyclists and motorists need to understand the laws. As a motorist, you need to understand
and appreciate that bicyclists are far more vulnerable to injury and death when forced off
the road and when in collision with a motor vehicle. Drivers need to know and respect
bicyclists’ rights and safely share the road with them. You also need to know your own legal
responsibilities when driving in the presence of bicycles.
* Chapter 525 of the Acts of 2008; Sections 3 & 11 of Chapter 26 of the Acts of 2009; and Chapter 65
of the Acts of 2009 (which took effect on 1/1/2011).
 Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Obtaining Your License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
License Descriptions and Classifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
REAL ID and Standard Massachusetts Cards (License/ID) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Who Needs a Massachusetts License? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Who is Eligible for a Massachusetts License? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
License Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Endorsements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Massachusetts IDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Liquor IDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Acceptable Identification to Purchase Alcoholic Beverages in Massachusetts . 10
Identification Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Document Requirements Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Acceptable Forms of Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Social Security Numbers and License Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Documents and Applications that Cannot be Accepted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Penalties for Presenting Fraudulent Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
License/ID Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Junior Operator License Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Requirements to Obtain a JOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
JOL License Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Applying for a License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Getting a Learner’s Permit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Driving With Your Permit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Taking the Road Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Receiving Your New License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Converting Your License From Another Jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Requirements for New Residents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Out-of-State Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Junior Operator License Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Permit Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Conversions from a U.S. Territory, Canada, or Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Conversions from Certain Select Foreign Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Other Foreign Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Renewing Your License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
SSN Verification on Renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Driving Record Check on Renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Other Reasons for Non-Renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Renewals for Military Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Temporary Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Replacing Your License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Duplicate License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Replacements for Military Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Surrendering Your License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Renewing Your Massachusetts Identification Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Change of Address or Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Change of Gender Designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Voter Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Veteran's Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Organ and Tissue Donor Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Chapter 2 Keeping Your License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Motor Vehicle Violations and Penalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Civil Motor Vehicle Infractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Criminal Violations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Out-of-State Violations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
At-Fault Crashes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Surchargeable Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Driver Retraining Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Driving Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
License Suspension or Revocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Reasons for License Suspension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Mandatory License Suspensions (18 Years and Older) Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
When Your License Is Suspended or Revoked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Mandatory Junior Operator Permit Suspensions Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Mandatory Junior Operator License Suspensions Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Criminal Offenses and Suspensions Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Alcohol, Drugs, and Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Penalties For Operating Under the Influence of Alcohol or Drugs Chart . . . . . . 54
Alcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
License Suspension Periods for Failed Chemical Tests Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Ignition Interlock Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
License Suspension Periods for Refusing a Chemical Test Chart . . . . . . . . . . 57
Buying, Possessing, or Transporting Alcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
False or Altered Licenses/Identification Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Illegal Drugs, Medicine, and Other Controlled Substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Reasons for License Nonrenewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Chapter 3 Safety First . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Passenger Vehicle Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Safety/Seat Belt Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
How Safety/Seat Belts Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Myths About Safety/Seat Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Air-Bag Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Inside the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Hands-Free Mobile (Cell) Phone Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Driving Defensively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Your Health and Physical Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Checking Your Vehicle’s Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Safe Distances Around Your Car . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Braking and Stopping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Using Your Horn, Headlights, and Emergency Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Night Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Driving in Rain or Fog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Winter Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Pedestrians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Bicycles and Mopeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Motorcycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Motorcycle Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Rider Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Motorized Bicycle (Moped) Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Motorized Scooter Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Limited Use Vehicle Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
 Low Speed Vehicle Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Bicycle Safety Law Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Chapter 4 Rules of the Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Speed Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Traffic Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Motor Vehicle Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Pedestrian Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Traffic Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Stop and Yield Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Regulatory Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Warning Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Guide Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Railroad Crossings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Roadway Construction/Maintenance (Work Zones) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Pavement Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
White Lane Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Yellow Lane Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Words and Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Stop Lines, Yield Lines, and Crosswalks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Channelizing Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Crossing Guards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Lanes, Intersections, and Turns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Signaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Using Lanes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Highway Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Intersections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Turns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Right-of-Way Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Rules for Passing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Road Respect/Sharing the Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Parking Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Miscellaneous Rules of the Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Rules for Pedestrians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Laws for Bicyclists and Motorists in the Presence of Bicyclists . . . . . . . . . . . 107
The Danger of Open Doors to Bicyclists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Bicycle Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Separated Bicycle Lanes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Common Bicycle Crash Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Chapter 5 Special Driving Situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Moving Emergency Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Stationary Emergency and Maintenance Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
If You are Stopped by a Police Officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Driving Emer­gen­cies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Traffic Crashes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
If You Are In­volved in a Crash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Hit and Run Crashes (Leaving the Scene Without Identifying Yourself) . . . . . 121
If You Witness a Crash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Reporting a Crash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Chapter 6 Owning a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Vehicle Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
 ID Requirements for Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
New Registrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Registration Renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Duplicate Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Canceling a Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Transferring a Registration to a Newly Acquired Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Temporary Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Registration Policies for New Residents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Motorcycles, Motorized Bicycles (Mopeds), Motorized Scooters,
and Segways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Special Categories of Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Special Design Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Drive Smart and Save - “Green Driving” Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Disability Plates and Placards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Disability Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Disability Placard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Qualification for Disabled Veteran (DV) Plate and Fee Exemptions . . . . . . . . 137
Eligibility Stan­dards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Applying for Plates and Placards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Vehicle Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Commercial Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Trailers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Lemon Aid Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Titles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Basic Title Transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
When You Sell a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Anti-Theft and NMVTIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Insurance and Merit Rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Private Passenger Automobile Insurance and Your Driving Record . . . . . . . . 148
Merit Rating Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Safe Driver Insurance Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
The Merit Rating Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Contact Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Standards of Fault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
A. Foreign Licensed Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
B. RMV Customer Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
C. Full Service/Limited Service RMV Service Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
D. RMV License and Identification Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
E. Street Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
F. RMV Special Registration Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

This document is published by the Registry of Motor Vehicles (RMV), Commonwealth of Massachusetts, for the benefit of
residents and visitors alike. While it contains a great deal of information about RMV policies and state laws, it is important to
note that this is not a legal document. Every effort is made to present the most accurate, error free, and up-to-date
information. However, RMV policies and fees change from time to time, as do laws governing motor vehicles.

The RMV will make every effort to post information about changes to the fees, policies, procedures, or laws referenced in
this Driver's Manual that may affect your ability to obtain a Learner's Permit, Driver's License, or Identification Card.
Relevant changes will be posted on the RMV's website at Mass.Gov/RMV. If you do not have access to a computer, you
may call the RMV's Contact Center at 857-368-8000 (from the 339/617/781/857 MA area codes or from outside of MA) or 800-
858-3926 (from all other MA area codes). Or, you can call 877-RMV-TTDD if you are deaf and hard of hearing.
The Massachusetts Registry of Motor Vehicles (RMV) has changed a
great deal since its inception in 1903. There are now nearly five million
licensed drivers in our state. And today, more than ever, the Agency is
committed to increasing efficiency and improving customer satisfaction
through technology and innovative initiatives.
Enhanced computer technology continues to strongly impact customer
service. Through the RMV’s website (Mass.Gov/RMV) you can start
certain license/ID card transactions and conduct such transactions as
scheduling a road test, paying your road test/license fees, renewing a
registration, renewing a license or Massachusetts ID Card, ordering a
special plate, paying a traffic citation, ordering a duplicate license/ID,
ordering a duplicate title, changing your address, verifying the
issuance of a driver’s education certificate, checking the status of a
registration or title, changing your organ donor status, or canceling
plates. You can also download forms, view this Driver’s Manual, and
learn the latest “rules of the road." Over the Internet, the RMV also
invites you to ask questions and offer suggestions for improving RMV
services.
To encourage you to avoid unnecessary trips to a service center, the
Agency wants you to process some transactions over the phone; you
can replace a lost license, pay a citation, order a driving record,
schedule a road test, and make a reservation to visit a service center.
By mail, you can conduct some title and registration transactions.
Through the Electronic Vehicle Registration program, participating
automobile dealers and insurance agents can issue new plates and
perform registration transfers and renewals. Introduction
The RMV will continue to explore other ways to improve its relationship
with you, such as through our partnership with AAA which allows AAA
members to process certain RMV transactions at AAA branches.

How to Use This Manual

For new drivers, this manual is a useful tool for understanding the
licensing process and for studying the rules of the road. For
experienced drivers, this manual offers more than the procedure for
obtaining a learner’s permit. It provides valuable information on
RMV policies, changes to driving laws, and safe driving tips. Keep this
manual in your vehicle and refer to it whenever you have a question.
Warning of Unofficial Websites Mimicking the
Massachusetts RMV Website
Massachusetts residents looking for the RMV (Registry of Motor Vehicles) website or trying
to do RMV transactions online should make sure they are using the “official” RMV website
at Mass.Gov/RMV.
Several similar-looking, third-party websites, not connected with the RMV, have fooled RMV
customers by seeming to offer RMV services and/or RMV information. These “mimic” sites
are often reached by customers using online search engines. DO NOT BE FOOLED! RMV
customers should be extra careful and avoid any “mimic” websites that charge fees to
perform RMV services online or to provide basic RMV information or forms. Some of these
websites may even contain printed disclaimers of a connection to the RMV on their site.
It is also smart to avoid any site that uses the phrase “Department of Motor Vehicles” or the
letters “DMV”. That phrase and the abbreviation “DMV” are NOT used in relation to the
Registry of Motor Vehicles in Massachusetts. Remember: Mass.Gov/RMV.
If you rely on any driver license or motor vehicle-related information these websites provide,
access any services they claim to offer, or pay a fee to them for an alleged “service”
(whether online or by mail), you are doing so at your own peril. The information they
provide may not be correct and your personal and financial information may not be safe in
the hands of the operators of these “mimic” websites.
The RMV is proud of the fact that its customers can perform at least 40 different
transactions safely and securely on the “official” RMV website and can also obtain much
invaluable “free” information. For example, all of the information from the current RMV
“Driver’s Manual” is available for free (a $5 value) just by clicking on and opening the online
version from “Forms and Manuals” rather than buying a copy.
And, the RMV’s “site policies” (located at the bottom of RMV web pages) explain how the
RMV uses and protects your personal and financial information when you provide it to the
RMV. Please note that the RMV cannot be responsible for the content or actions taken by
third-party “mimic” websites.
Obtaining
Your License

If you are a Massachusetts resident (or even a non-resident), you

must have a valid driver's license to operate a motor vehicle on any
public road, highway, or other way permitting access to the public.

Through the Registry of Motor Vehicles (RMV), the Commonwealth of

Massachusetts issues five license classes with various privileges and
restrictions to residents of Massachusetts. Class A, B, and C licenses,
CHAPTER 1
which are known as commercial driver's licenses (CDLs), allow you to
operate large vehicles, like trucks and buses. The Class D license,
which is most common, is for passenger vehicles, vans, and small
trucks. The Class M license allows you to operate motorcycles.

1
 License Descriptions and Classifications
REAL ID and Standard Massachusetts Cards (License/ID)
To get or renew any driver's license, ID card, or learner's permit, you need documentation
showing United States citizenship or lawful presence as required by federal and state law.
You need to choose either a REAL ID Massachusetts Driver’s License or ID Card or a
Standard Massachusetts Driver’s License or ID Card. The cost is the same for both card
types (see License/ID Fees section).

May 3, 2023: What You Need to Travel is Changing

Beginning May 3, 2023, you will need a REAL ID, or other acceptable ID such as a valid
passport, to fly within the United States or enter certain federal buildings.
A REAL ID Card issued by Massachusetts is compliant with the federal REAL ID Act of 2005.
This type of license or ID Card can be used to access certain federal facilities and to board
flights within the United States. If you have a passport or other acceptable ID, you may
never need a REAL ID. More information about REAL ID can be found at Mass.Gov/ID.
A Standard Massachusetts Card may be a driver’s license or ID Card. A Standard
Massachusetts Driver's License offers the same driving privileges as a REAL ID
Massachusetts Driver's License. However, after May 3, 2023, it will NOT be an acceptable
form of identification for the federal purposes mentioned above.
If you have a Standard Massachusetts Card, you will need to show a passport or alternative
form of federally acceptable identification to board a domestic flight or access certain
federal facilities after May 3, 2023. The Transportation Security Administration publishes a
list of alternative forms of identification at tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification.
All driver licensing requirements (age, operator fitness, and written and road testing) are the
same for both card types and they both require proof of lawful presence in the United
States. The documentation and application requirements are different for the two card
types. They also look different, with different markings and words printed on the face of the
cards. See Appendix D for images of the card types. There is more information on the
specific document requirements and card lengths later in this chapter.
You may hold only one driver’s license or ID Card at a time.

Who Needs a Massachusetts License?

All Massachusetts residents need to obtain a valid Massachusetts license in order to
operate a motor vehicle in Massachusetts. See Appendix D for color images of licenses
issued by the Massachusetts RMV.
Out-of-State/Out-of-Country Residents
Out-of-State U.S. Residents: A U.S. resident, who is at least 16 years of age and lives
outside of Massachusetts, may drive in Massachusetts using a valid out-of-state driver's
license issued by his/her state/territory of residence. This rule applies to licensed visitors and

2
travelers from other U.S. states and territories and to residents of nearby states who commute
to work in Massachusetts.
Out-of-Country U.S. Residents: Effective July 2018, Massachusetts Law (Chapter 90, Section
10) was amended to allow certain validly licensed drivers of other countries to operate validly
registered motor vehicles in Massachusetts. The country that issued the license must enforce
standards for motor vehicle operation equivalent to Massachusetts (as determined by the RMV).
If you are a visitor from another country, you may drive private passenger vehicles in
Massachusetts if you are over 16 and have a valid (not suspended or revoked) driver's
license issued by your home country to operate the same type of vehicle. If the foreign
license is not printed in English or does not contain English translations of the important
information fields on the license, a translation into English will be needed.
See Appendix A for more information on the requirements for out-of-country residents.
Whether you have a U.S. or foreign driver’s license, you must have your valid out-of-state or out-of-
country driver's license in your possession when driving in Massachusetts. If an English translation
of a foreign license is required, you should also have that available with the foreign license. A
violation of Section 10 is a criminal violation and a first offense is subject to a fine of $500.
Moving to Massachusetts: If you become a resident of Massachusetts, you must obtain a
Massachusetts driver's license to retain your driving privileges. There is no grace period.
For the procedure for converting your out-of-state or out-of-country license, see the
Converting Your License From Another Jurisdiction section. Note: All applicants for a
Massachusetts driver's license or ID card are subject to the lawful presence requirement.

Licensing Rules for Military Personnel

If you are in active military service and want to drive in Massachusetts, you must have a
valid driver's license from your home state. If you are a permanent resident of the
Commonwealth, you must have a valid Massachusetts license. Following are exceptions:
• If you are returning from active duty outside the United States and have a driver's
license issued by a branch of the Armed Forces based in another country, you may
drive with that license in Massachusetts for up to 45 days.
• If you have a Massachusetts driver's license that expired during your active service, you
may use that license to operate a motor vehicle for up to 60 days after your honorable
discharge from military service. If you choose to exercise this option, you must carry
your expired license and proof of your discharge with you when you drive.
RMV Contact Center: 857-368-8000 (from the 339/617/781/857 MA area codes or from outside of MA)
800-858-3926 (from all other MA area codes) or email [email protected]
The deaf and hard of hearing can call toll free at 877-RMV-TTDD (1-877-768-8833).
Contact Center Hours: Monday–Friday 9 a.m.–5 p.m. Internet Address: Mass.Gov/RMV

Who is Eligible for a Massachusetts License?

Anyone who is a Massachusetts resident, is at least 16 years old, and has not had a driver's
license or the right to operate revoked may apply to begin the process of obtaining a Class D
or Class M License with a reservation at any RMV Full Service Center (see Appendix C for a
list of locations).
3
Massachusetts law changed in 2016 to comply with the REAL ID Act. Massachusetts now
requires lawful presence in the U.S. for at least 12 months.
A driver's license is normally issued for 5 years. A license can be issued for a period of less
than 5 years if an applicant’s authorized lawful presence (as established by the U.S.
Department of Homeland Security) is for a shorter period. The minimum acceptable period
of lawful presence is 12 months. However, an applicant who can prove that he/she meets
the minimum 12 month period can be issued a license even if he/she will only be present
for a shorter period. The license fee will be prorated if it is less than 5 years.

Age Requirement
No person under the age of 16 may drive in Massachusetts. This is true even if you have a
driver's license (or learner's permit) issued in a state or U.S. territory or another country that
allows operation of a motor vehicle by a person less than 16 years of age.
• To apply for a Class D (passenger vehicle) or a Class M (motorcycle) learner's permit,
you must be at least 16.
• You can obtain a learner's permit at age 16, but you may not receive a Class D or a
Class M driver's license until you are at least 16 1/2 and have had your permit in good
standing for six consecutive months and have completed a driver education training
program approved by the RMV.
Note: You must be at least 18 years old to apply for a Commercial Driver's License (Class A, B, or C).

Parental Consent
Customers applying for permits, licenses, or identification cards who are under age 18
(minors) must obtain written consent from a parent, a legal guardian, a social worker, or a
boarding school headmaster. For a learner's permit, or identification card, a person gives
written consent by signing the back of the permit / license / ID application.
If the person signing the back of the application is not a parent, documentation of the
person's guardian status must be shown at the time of the permit / ID application and, for a
license, at the time of the road test. Forging a signature may result in license
suspension or revocation.

Facial Image Policy

All applicants for a learner's permit, driver's license, identification card, liquor identification
card, or disability placard must have their photo-image captured by the RMV.
This is to ensure that the image contained on the issued document and in the RMV's
database is the actual image of the person who provided the identification information to the
RMV when applying for the document. It is also to aid law enforcement officers in the
proper identification of the person whose image is contained on the document.
The captured image must be a straightforward looking view of the applicant. All of the
applicant's facial features must be visible (e.g. eyes, nose, mouth, cheeks, etc.). The
appearance must provide a clear view of the applicant's face as a whole. A solid or
transparent facial cover (scarf, veil, eyeglasses/sunglasses, goggles, surgical or dust mask,
etc.) is not acceptable. Eyeglasses, including reading or prescription glasses, are not allowed,

4
even if the applicant normally wears them. A hat or other head cover is not acceptable, but if
worn for medical or religious reasons, it may be allowed if it does not hide any facial features.
Natural facial hair and hairpieces may be acceptable unless the overall effect disguises the
person's true facial appearance or facial features are obscured. Permanent facial tattoos are
acceptable but temporary tattoos are not. Bluetooth headsets are not acceptable.
Chapter 428 of the Acts of 2006 prohibits the RMV from taking a photo-image for a license or ID if
the applicant is wearing eyeglasses.

Massachusetts Driver's License Limited to Massachusetts Residents

By law, a Massachusetts driver’s license or ID card (except for a Liquor ID card) can only
be issued to a resident of Massachusetts. Licenses cannot be issued for the convenience of
business persons or tourists from other states or countries who may be here temporarily or
to non-residents who own property or temporarily live in Massachusetts but maintain their
legal residence outside the state. To obtain a license, you must meet all the requirements
for a driver's license under the law, including the requirement that you be lawfully present in
the U.S. and be a legal resident of Massachusetts.
Massachusetts law requires those convicted of sex offenses to register with their local police
departments. For more information, call 1-800-93-MEGAN.

Vision Screening Requirements

Testing your vision is a necessary part of ensuring that you are capable of operating a motor
vehicle safely. An RMV clerk will screen your vision when you apply for a learner's permit or
driver's license. You will be screened for visual acuity, color vision, and peripheral vision. If
you normally wear contact lenses or corrective lenses to see at a distance, then you must
wear them during the vision screening examination.
To be eligible for a Class D or M license, your vision must be at least 20/40 visual acuity in
your better eye (corrected) and at least 120 degrees of horizontal peripheral vision (both
eyes together) for a full license. If your corrected vision is between 20/50 and 20/70 in the
better eye, you may be eligible for a daylight only license. If you fail the vision screening
examination, decline to take the examination, or are unable to take the vision screening
examination, you may submit an original RMV Vision Screening Certificate (VSC) that your
ophthalmologist or optometrist has completed. The RMV may accept this Vision Screening
Certificate in lieu of the vision screening examination to demonstrate compliance with the
minimum vision standards to obtain a driver's license.
Drivers With Monovision
Monovision is a method of visual correction (either through surgery or by contact lens) that
allows for the use of one eye for distance vision and the other eye for near vision. If you
have monovision, you may have trouble with the RMV’s vision screening examination. A
Vision Screening Certificate, completed by an optometrist or ophthalmologist and indicating
you are visually qualified to safely operate a motor vehicle, can be accepted in place of the
vision screening examination.
You can download the Vision Screening Certificate from the RMV’s website (Mass.Gov/RMV) or pick
up a copy at many eye-care providers.

5
For information on other physical qualifications necessary to hold a Massachusetts driver's
license or for more information regarding the voluntary reporting procedure for medical
conditions, please call Medical Affairs at 857-368-8020 or refer to the Medical Restrictions
and Surrendering Your License sections. You can also visit the Medical Standards webpage
(https://www.mass.gov/info-details/medical-standards-for-passenger-class-d-and-motorcycle-
class-m-drivers-licenses).

Driving Record Verification

When you apply for a permit or license, or renew a license, you will be required to provide a list
of the states you have been licensed in for the past ten years, as well as all out-of-state license
numbers you have had. The RMV's licensing computer system checks your name, birth date,
Social Security Number, and any out-of-state driver's license numbers with the Problem Driver
Pointer System (PDPS), which stores information about license suspensions and revocations
for drivers in all 50 states. If your record matches PDPS, you will not be allowed to continue the
application process until all out-of-state suspensions or convictions are resolved.
Massachusetts is part of the State-to-State program, which checks valid driver licenses and
state issued ID cards issued by other participating states. State-to-State will cancel any
driver’s license or state issued ID card issued by the other participating state when a
Massachusetts license or ID Card (excluding a Liquor ID) is issued.

License Classes
The table below summarizes Massachusetts license types. A Massachusetts driver's license
is valid for a maximum of 5 years and expires on your birthday. However, your first license will
expire on your fifth birthday following the date of issue. Temporary or limited term licenses are
Massachusetts Driver’s Licenses
License Class Vehicles Permitted

A
Any combination of vehicles with a gross combination weight rating (GCWR) of
26,001 or more pounds, provided the GVWR of the vehicle(s) being towed is in
excess of 10,000 pounds. (Holders of a Class A license may, with any
appropriate endorsements, operate all vehicles within Class B, C, and D.)

B
Any single vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 26,001 or more
pounds, or any such vehicle towing a vehicle not in excess of 10,000 pounds
GVWR. (Holders of a Class B license may, with appropriate endorsements,
operate all vehicles within Class C and D.)

C
Any single vehicle or combination of vehicles that does not meet the definition of
Class A or Class B, but is either designed to transport 16 or more passengers
including the driver, or is required to be placarded for hazardous materials under
49 CFR 172.500 or any other federal regulation. (Holders of a Class C license
may operate all vehicles within Class D.)

D
Any single vehicle or combination of vehicles that does not meet the definition of
Class A, Class B, Class C, or Class M. (Typically passenger vehicles such as
cars, SUVs, or family vans).

M
Any motor vehicle defined as a motorcycle in M.G.L. c. 90, § 1.

6
valid for less than 5 years and do not expire on your birthday. Your driver's license is
considered a primary form of identification, showing proof of identity, residence, age, and
signature. You can renew your license or ID up to one year before its expiration date.

- A Class A license can have all endorsements.

- A Class B license can have all endorsements except for Combination and Doubles/Triples.
- A Class C license can only have HAZMAT, Tank, School Bus, and Passenger endorsements.
- If you pass a CDL road test in a vehicle equipped with air brakes, you will be permitted to operate
a vehicle with air brakes.
- Transporting school-aged children and/or operation of a 'school bus' requires special authority.

In addition to listing your personal information, a license or an ID issued to you by the RMV
features an image of your photo and signature, which is stored on the RMV's central
computer.

Vertical licenses and identification cards with the words "Under 21" printed on them are issued to anyone who
obtains or renews a license or identification card while under the age of 21. If you renew your license or ID card
before your 21st birthday, you will receive a vertical license or ID card. This license or ID card will remain valid to
expiration, even after you turn 21. A horizontal license may be obtained after your 21st birthday.

Commercial Licenses (Class A, B, or C)

For information on commercial licenses (CDLs), refer to the Massachusetts Commercial
Driver's License Manual, which is available online at Mass.Gov/RMV.
Unless otherwise exempted by Federal Regulations, any operator of a Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV) weighing
more than 10,000 lbs., must have in his or her possession a valid U.S. Department of Transportation Medical Card
or a valid Medical Waiver Card issued by Medical Affairs.

School Pupil Transport (Eight or fewer passengers)

If you transport school-aged children, you must have a separate license or special
endorsement. A Guide to School Pupil Transport Vehicles (7D) is available online at
Mass.Gov/RMV.

Endorsements
Endorsements may be added to Commercial Driver's Licenses (CDLs) for an additional fee.
They indicate if you are qualified to operate certain vehicles or carry certain cargo or
passengers. For example, if qualified, you may add a hazardous materials (hazmat)
endorsement or a school bus endorsement to a Class A, B, or C license. Endorsements cannot
be added to a Class D, M, or D/M license. An endorsement expires when the license expires.
For information on Commercial vehicle restrictions or endorsements, see the CDL Manual.

Restrictions
Restrictions are limitations placed on your driving privileges. Your driver's license may be issued
with various restrictions, which are indicated by code letters on the front and back of your license.

7
List of Restrictions
The RMV may apply any of the following restrictions to a license:
(list effective March 26, 2018)
2 Medical Log / Glucose Required
A Use with Certified Driving Instructor Only
B Corrective lenses
C Mechanical Aid
D Prosthetic Aid / Personal Medical Aid
E CMV Automatic Transmission
G Daylight Only
H Limited to Employment
I JOL Limited / Other
J Other
K CDL - Intrastate Only
L CDL - Vehicles without Airbrakes
M CDL - Except Class A Bus
N CDL - Except Class A & B Bus
O CDL - Except Tractor/Trailer
P No Passengers in CMV Bus
Q Class D Automatic Transmission
R Bioptic Telescoping Lens
S Proof of Blood Sugar Level
T Ignition Interlock
U 3 Wheeled Motorcycle
V Medical Variance
W Intrastate Medical Waiver
X CDL - No Cargo in CMV Tanker
Y Restrict to 14 Passenger Capacity
Z CDL - Air Over Hydraulic
Medical Restrictions
Medical Affairs, which reviews license applications listing physical or mental conditions that
may affect a driver's abilities, may issue driving restrictions related to your current medical
condition. For example, if you pass the driver's license vision test by wearing glasses or
contact lenses, your driver's license will be issued with a "Corrective Lenses" restriction
(code letter B) and you must wear your corrective lenses when you drive. If you need a
mechanical aid or prosthetic device (adaptive equipment) to operate a motor vehicle,
Medical Affairs will issue your license with restriction(s). It considers license applications on
a case-by-case basis, and you may be required to provide a physician's letter for medical
clearances or special driving-related equipment.

8
 If you develop a medical condition that affects your ability to drive, you must report the condition
to the RMV. Please call Medical Affairs at 857-368-8020.

Junior Operator Restrictions

The Junior Operator restriction (code letter I) is added to the licenses of all operators under
age 18. For a complete description of the Junior Operator Law and driving restrictions for
operators under 18, see the Junior Operator License Law section later in this chapter.

Massachusetts IDs
For people who do not have a Massachusetts driver's license, the RMV can issue a
Massachusetts ID, which looks similar to a driver's license, but does not extend any driving
privileges. Massachusetts IDs are official forms of identity, signature, and age that are
accepted in the Commonwealth. You cannot hold a Massachusetts ID and a license at the
same time. A Massachusetts ID can be either a REAL ID Card or a Standard
Massachusetts Card.
You can apply for a Massachusetts ID by making a reservation to visit an RMV Service
Center. To obtain a Massachusetts ID, you must meet the following requirements:
• Be at least 14 years old
• Be a Massachusetts resident
• Not hold a valid driver's license from Massachusetts or any other jurisdiction
• Prove lawful presence in the U.S.
A Massachusetts ID expires every five years or at the end of your authorized stay in the
U.S. (whichever comes first).
See Appendix D for color images of identification cards issued by Massachusetts.
Massachusetts IDs and Liquor IDs are produced at a secure location and are generally mailed to
you within seven to ten business days after you visit the RMV Service Center.
At the service center, you will receive a receipt that includes your personal information, image, and
signature. The receipt is not valid for identification. This means that it will not be accepted for
travel as a state-issued photo ID.

Liquor IDs
For people who do not have a Massachusetts driver's license, the RMV can issue a
Massachusetts Liquor ID, which looks similar to a driver's license, but does not extend any
driving privileges. By law, (M.G.L. Chapter 138, Section 34B) you cannot hold a Liquor ID and
a Massachusetts license at the same time.
The identification requirements are different for a Liquor ID than those for a driver's license
or a Massachusetts ID. A Liquor ID card can be issued to Massachusetts residents, as well
as to residents of other states or other countries. You do not need to prove lawful presence
in the U.S. for a Liquor ID.
You can apply for a Liquor ID by making a reservation to visit an RMV Service Center. To
obtain one, you must meet the following requirements:
9
• Be at least 21 years old
• Not hold a valid Massachusetts Driver's License
A Liquor ID is valid for five years and cannot be renewed. If you need a Liquor ID for more
than five years, you should reapply in person upon the expiration of the existing Liquor ID.
See Appendix D for color images of identification cards issued by Massachusetts.

Acceptable Identification to Purchase Alcoholic

Beverages in Massachusetts
State law (M.G.L. Chapter 138, Section 34B) provides licensed alcohol sellers and their
agents and employees with some legal protection if it is found that alcohol was served to
an underage person and it is also found that the server reasonably relied on:
(1) A valid Massachusetts Driver’s License (REAL ID Card or Standard Massachusetts Card)
(2) A valid Massachusetts Liquor ID Card
(3) A valid Massachusetts ID Card issued under M. G. L. Chapter 90, Section 8E (REAL ID
Card or Standard Massachusetts Card)
(4) A valid passport issued by the United States government (including a U.S. Passport
Card) or by the government, recognized by the U.S. government, of a foreign country
(5) A U.S. issued Military ID card
Note that out-of-state and out-of-country licenses and ID cards are not on this list
and alcohol servers may refuse to accept such licenses or ID cards.

Identification Requirements
The federal REAL ID Act established minimum standards that states must follow when issuing and
producing driver's licenses and ID cards. On May 3, 2023, the federal government will require that
individuals present a license or ID marked as a REAL ID, or other federally acceptable form of
identification, to board domestic flights or enter certain federal facilities. Visit Mass.Gov/ID for up-to-
date REAL ID information in Massachusetts.

To apply for a permit, license, or ID card, you must provide identification documents. These
required documents will be different for REAL ID Cards, Standard Massachusetts Cards,
and Liquor IDs. See the Document Requirements Chart for more information.
The identification documents must be from the list of Acceptable Forms of Identification
(see page 12) and must be satisfactory to the RMV. You need to provide the required
identification for each different type of document you apply for, even if you already have a
Massachusetts permit, license, ID, or liquor ID.

10
Document Requirements Chart
All Driver’s License and Massachusetts Identification Card applicants must present the following:

REAL ID Driver’s License/ID Card Standard Driver’s License/ID Card

(valid for federal purposes) (not valid for federal purposes)
• 1 document that proves your Social • SSN must validate electronically OR
Security Number (SSN) OR an SSN provide an SSN Denial Notice with
Denial Notice with non-U.S. Passport, non-U.S. Passport, Visa, and I-94
Visa, and I-94
• 1 document that proves your lawful
• 1 document that proves your lawful presence in the U.S. / date of birth
presence in the U.S. / date of birth
• 1 document that proves your
• 2 documents that prove your Massachusetts residency
Massachusetts residency

All Liquor ID applicants (21 years of age or older) must only present the following documents:
• 1 document that proves your Social Security Number (SSN) OR an SSN Denial Notice
with non-U.S. Passport, Visa, and I-94
• 1 document that proves your date of birth
Additional documentation may be required for the following services:

Service Additional Documentation

Out-of-State Permit Conversion from the • Current Out-of-State Permit
United States, Canada, Mexico, and the
U.S. territories
• Certified copy of Driving Record, not
more than 30 days old
Out-of-State License Conversion from • Certified copy of Driving Record, not
Canada, Mexico, or a U.S. Territory more than 30 days old
(including Puerto Rico)

Out-of-State License Conversion • Acceptable photo ID from the list of

(if you do not have the Out-of-State acceptable documents
License) • Certified copy of Driving Record, not
more than 30 days old

Name Change • For a REAL Driver's License/ID Card,

a legal document proving the name
change (for example, a marriage
license, divorce decree, or court
documentation)
• For a Standard Driver's License/ID Card,
a completed license/ID application

Date of Birth Change • Acceptable document from the lawful

presence/date of birth list

An I-94 can be either a paper version from US Customs and Border Protection or a printout of an
electronic version downloaded from their website: CBP.Gov/i94
A “Denial Notice” must be acceptable to the RMV. See page 16 for more information.

11
Save time by starting your application online at Mass.Gov/RMV. Completing all the information in the
application and indicating which documents you will bring will help ensure your transaction is successful.

You must also produce your social security number (SSN) that the RMV can verify with
the Social Security Administration (SSA) as having been issued to you. The RMV cannot
issue a permit, license, or ID card if an SSN does not verify. If you do not have an SSN, you
must apply for one at the SSA. If you are denied an SSN, you will be issued a “Denial Notice”
by the SSA which explains why you cannot obtain an SSN. The “Denial Notice” must be dated
and cannot be altered or be more than 60 days old. If you present a “Denial Notice” instead of
a valid SSN, you must also present the following:
• Proof of your current visa status
• An I-94 Record of Arrival & Departure (either a paper version from US Customs and Border
Protection or a printout of an electronic version downloaded from their website: CBP.Gov/i94)
• Your current non-U.S. Passport
All documents must be originals unless otherwise indicated. Photocopies will not be
accepted. Laminated documents are not acceptable.
Identification requirements are subject to change at any time.
Visit Mass.Gov/RMV for the most current information.
Note 1: Foreign diplomats and other foreign government officials, their family members,
and personal assistants/employees who have been issued a U.S. Department of State
driver’s license are not eligible to obtain a Massachusetts driver's license.
Note 2: If your visa includes additional forms, such as F1 and F2 or M1 and M2, both of
which require an I-20, that form must be submitted as well.

Acceptable Forms of Identification

On the next few pages are the types of documents the RMV will accept to prove identity.
A document cannot be used to prove more than one requirement.
Note: For a document to prove SSN, it must show your full nine-digit SSN. None of the
numbers can be masked.

Documents to prove Social Security Number (SSN) Requirement

For a REAL ID Card, one document must be from this group. For a Standard Massachusetts
Card, you must have an SSN that validates with SSA or an SSN Denial Notice with
Passport, VISA, and I-94. For a Liquor ID, one document must be from this group:
• SSN Card (cannot be laminated)
• W-2 Form (One W-2 cannot be used for both the Massachusetts residency and SSN
requirements. Two different W-2s from different employers can be used for both
requirements.)
• SSA-1099 Form
• Non-SSA-1099 Form
• A pay stub with the applicant's name and full SSN on it (One pay stub cannot be used

12
 for both the Massachusetts residency and SSN requirements. Two different pay stubs
from different employers can be used for both requirements.)
• SSN Denial Notice with Passport, VISA, and I-94
Documents to prove Lawful Presence/Date of Birth
For a REAL ID Card or a Standard Massachusetts Card, one document must be from this
group. For a Liquor ID, one document must be from this group. All immigration documents
must prove lawful presence for a minimum of 12 months.
• Valid, unexpired U.S. passport or Passport Card

If your U.S. Passport was issued within the last six months, please bring your certified copy of your U.S.
birth certificate.

• Certified copy of a birth certificate filed with a State Office of Vital Statistics or
equivalent agency in the individual's state of birth

A Puerto Rican birth certificate will only be accepted for identification if it was issued on or after July 1,
2010. For more information on the Puerto Rican birth certificate law, visit the Puerto Rico Federal Affairs
Administration website.

• Consular Report of Birth Abroad (CRBA) issued by the U.S. Department of State,
Form FS-240, DS-1350, or FS-545
• Valid, unexpired Permanent Resident Card (Form I-551) issued by DHS or INS
• Temporary I-551 stamp in foreign passport
• Unexpired employment authorization document (EAD) issued by DHS, Form I-766, or
Form I-688B
• Unexpired foreign passport with a valid, unexpired U.S. visa affixed accompanied by the
approved I-94 form documenting the applicant's most recent admittance into the United States

A non-US passport must contain a current visa and be presented with an I-94 Record of Arrival and
Departure, unless you have a Permanent Resident Card or other change in status. The I-94 can be
either a paper version from US Customs and Border Protection or a printout of an electronic
version downloaded from their website: CBP.Gov/i94
For applicable customers who have a Certificate of Eligibility (I-20) or Certificate of Eligibility for
Exchange Visitor Status (DS-2019), documentation verifying the applicant's most recent admittance
into the United States must be shown.

• Certificate of Citizenship, Form N-560, or Form N-561, issued by DHS

• Certificate of Naturalization issued by DHS, Form N-550, or Form N-570
• Re-Entry Permit (I-327) - For Standard license/ID only
• Refugee Travel Document (I-571) - For Standard license/ID only

For a REAL ID, if your current name doesn’t match the one that appears on your lawful presence
document(s), you must prove the legal name change with an acceptable document. A marriage
certificate, divorce decree, or court document all qualify. If you have multiple name changes, you
must provide documentation for each change.

13
Documents to prove Massachusetts Residency
For a REAL ID Card, two documents must be from this group. For a Standard
Massachusetts Card, one document must be from this group.
Massachusetts RMV- issued documents (can use one from the options below):
• Current License, Massachusetts ID Card, or Learner's Permit (Liquor ID not accepted)
• RMV-issued correspondence dated within 60 days and received via US mail (including
License/Registration reminders)
State/Federal/Municipal/City/Town/County agency-issued documents:
• 1st class government-issued mail dated within 60 days
• Current MA-issued Professional License
• Medicaid Statement dated within 60 days
• Current Firearms Card
• Jury Duty Summons dated within 60 days
• Court correspondence dated within 60 days
• Property Tax for current year
• Excise Tax for current year
Bills:
• Utility Bill (electric, telephone, water, sewer, cable, satellite, heating) dated within 60 days
• Credit Card Statement dated within 60 days
• Medical/Hospital Statement dated within 60 days
• Insurance bill (auto, medical, home, rental)
• Cell Phone Bill dated within 60 days
Lease/Mortgage:
• Current Lease/Mortgage or similar rental contract
• Mortgage statement dated within 60 days
Financial-related documents:
• Bank Statement (savings or checking account) dated within 60 days
• W2 Wage and Tax Statement from immediate prior year (One W-2 cannot be used for
both the Massachusetts residency and SSN requirements. Two different W-2s from
different employers can be used for both requirements.)
• Current Pension Statement (401K, 457, SEP, etc.)
• Current Retirement Statement
• Pay stub dated within 60 days (One pay stub cannot be used for both the
Massachusetts residency and SSN requirements. Two different pay stubs from
different employers can be used for both requirements.)
• Current SSA Statement
• Current Installment Loan Contract (Car Loan)

14
School-issued documents:
• Official School Transcript for current year
• Official letter from school (proof of enrollment) dated within 60 days
• Tuition Bill for current year
• Certified School Record for current year
Insurance-related documents:
• Auto Insurance Policy for current year
• Renter's Insurance Policy for current year
• Homeowner's Insurance Policy for current year
Alternative Residency Affidavit:
• For applicants under the age of 18 only
Note: For a document to prove residence, it must state the residential address. A P.O. Box is not
acceptable proof of residency. Documents mailed "in care of" are not valid for proof of residency.

Note: It is not the function of RMV employees to advise you about which documents to
present. No specific type of document on either list is required or preferred. In following
these policies and procedures, RMV employees apply the same eligibility requirements to
all applicants equally, without regard to race, sex, creed, national origin, or English speaking
ability. The issuance of a driver’s license, learner’s permit, or ID card is not a determination
of whether or not a person has legal or illegal immigration status. That is the responsibility
of the Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services.

Translation Required Policy

If you present a document that is not written or printed in the English language, the RMV
may require the document to be accompanied by a translation that is certified by one of the
following:
• A bilingual teacher at an accredited Massachusetts college, university, or private
language school
• A bilingual notary public
• The local consulate for the document’s country of origin
• The American Translators Association (the national association of professional
translators and interpreters)
If translated by a teacher or consulate, the translation must be printed on the letterhead of
the consulate, college, university, or private language school and it must be properly
formatted. Visit Mass.Gov/RMV to see the acceptable format. If translated by a notary, the
translation must have the notary’s official seal.

Social Security Numbers and License Numbers

You must have a valid Social Security Number (SSN) to apply for any permit, license, or ID,
including a replacement or a renewal. When you submit an application at an RMV Service

15
Center, the Registry will attempt to validate the SSN you provide against computer records
at the Social Security Administration (SSA). If you do not have an SSN, you may request an
application for one by calling 1-800-772-1213 or visiting SSA.Gov/ssnumber.
If you are not a citizen and do not have an SSN, you should apply for one at a Social Security
Office as soon as possible. If you are denied an SSN, you may still qualify for a Massachusetts
driver's license or ID if you can meet the other identification requirements. However, to prove that
you applied for an SSN, you must present the written Denial Notice (not more than 60 days old)
the SSA provided you, which informed you that you were not eligible for an SSN, and a non-US
passport, visa, and I-94. The I-94 can be either a paper version from US Customs and Border
Protection or a printout of an electronic version downloaded from their website: CBP.Gov/i94
For information on obtaining an SSN, call 1-800-772-1213. To obtain a replacement SSN, visit
SSA.Gov

RMV May Refuse an Unacceptable SSN Denial Notice

The RMV reserves the right to not accept any Social Security Denial Notice that does not
appear to be genuine, that is more than 60 days old, or which appears to have been altered, or
is incomplete, or that indicates the application for an SSN has not been properly completed.
A Denial Notice from the SSA which indicates that the applicant has failed to properly complete
the application process will be treated by the RMV as an unacceptable Denial Notice. An
application for a Learner’s Permit, Driver’s License, or ID card that is accompanied by an
unacceptable Denial Notice will not be accepted. Evidence of failure to properly complete the
SSN application process includes, but is not limited to, failing to provide documents required as
part of the SSN application process, including failing to provide evidence of class admission,
and failing to comply with a request by the SSA to visit an SSA office for an in-person interview.

"SA" and "S" License Numbers

The RMV requires your SSN to confirm your identity and to maintain your license and driving
records. The SSN cannot be displayed on your driver’s license, vehicle registration, or state issued
ID card (due to the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004). The RMV license
system will assign computer generated numbers beginning with an "SA" or an "S" followed by
numbers equaling a total of nine characters on your license/ID card.

Documents and Applications that Cannot be Accepted

The RMV reserves the right to not accept any application if it has a good faith reason* to
believe any of the following:
• Any document presented is not genuine or has been altered, defaced, or rendered
unreadable to such an extent that it cannot be relied on.
• Any document contains a photograph or photoimage of the applicant that bears little or
no resemblance to the applicant.
• The applicant is not the individual represented in the application and supporting documents.
• The applicant does not satisfy the requirement for SSN, lawful presence/date of birth, or
Massachusetts residency.

16
• The applicant has presented an SSN that does not validate as being issued to him/her,
or was not obtained in a lawful manner from the U.S. Social Security Administration.
*A “good faith reason” is one that is based on objective facts and observations, such as
statements from the applicant, or information obtained from usually reliable sources.
The Registry will initiate electronic checks for most identification documents with national and state
databases. This process provides validity responses back to the RMV within seconds for the vast
majority. However, some checks will require additional time for research or may be subject to
manual review. This does not mean that your transaction has been denied. It simply means the
verifying information is not readily available and additional time is required. These cases are
generally resolved within three to five business days, but in rare occasions may be up to twenty
days. Your Customer Service Representative will provide you with additional instructions.

Review of Documents and Applications that are Not Accepted

If one or more of the documents you present when applying for a driver’s license, learner’s
permit, or ID card is not accepted and your transaction is not processed because you do not have
other acceptable documents with you, you have several options, as described in the next section.

Initial Decision and Your Options

After reviewing your documents, if the RMV Service Center Representative rejects your
documents, or if your documents do not pass the electronic check, you may choose to correct
the problem, such as by obtaining the appropriate documents and returning later with a new
application. You may also seek further review by a supervisor. If the electronic checks require
additional time for research, the Customer Service Center Representative will provide you
with additional instructions. If the RMV cannot process your application, you will be provided
a form indicating the reason(s). This is the Application Status Letter. You may appeal the
RMV’s final decision within ten days of being denied.

Appeals

Please be advised: On March 26, 2018, the RMV began electronic checks for most identification
documents. This process provides verification within seconds for the majority of documents. However,
some checks will require additional time for research. This does not mean that your transaction has
been denied. It simply means the verifying information is not readily available and additional time is
required. These cases are generally resolved within three to five business days. You will be provided
with additional instructions by your Customer Service Representative. You may appeal the RMV’s final
decision if denied.

You must file any appeal within ten days after you received a written denial from the RMV.
Any additional time required by the informal review does not extend the ten-day period. A
formal appeal may be filed only with the Board of Appeals on Liability Policies and Bonds at
the address below with a check or money order for $50.
Board of Appeal on Motor Vehicle Liability,
Policies and Bonds Division of Insurance
1000 Washington Street, Suite 810, • Boston, MA 02118
617-521-7794 • State.Ma.US/DOI

17
To obtain a form online to appeal a decision of the RMV to the Division of Insurance's
Board of Appeal, go to State.Ma.US/DOI and enter "appeal form" in the search box.

Penalties for Presenting Fraudulent Documents

Severe penalties are imposed on a person who violates the law in obtaining or possessing
a driver’s license, learner’s permit, or ID card. Following is a brief description of some of
those penalties.
• Whoever loans or knowingly permits his or her license or learner’s permit to operate
motor vehicles to be used by any person, or whoever makes false statements in an
application for such a license or learner’s permit, or whoever knowingly makes any
false statements in an application for registration of a motor vehicle, shall be punished
by a fine of not less than $20 nor more than $200 dollars or by imprisonment for not
less than two weeks nor more than two years or both (MGL c.90, §24).
• Whoever falsely makes, steals, alters, forges, or counterfeits or procures or helps
another falsely make, steal, alter, forge, or counterfeit a learner’s permit, a license to
operate motor vehicles, or an ID card or whoever has or uses such a permit, license, or
ID card may be punished by a fine of not more than $500 or imprisonment in a state
prison for up to five years or in a jail or house of correction for not more than two years
(M.G.L. c.90, §24B).
• Anyone who falsely impersonates the person named in the application for a license or
learner’s permit, or anyone who procures or helps another to falsely impersonate the
person named in the application, or who uses a name other than his or her own to
falsely obtain such a license, or whoever possesses or uses a license or permit to
operate a motor vehicle that was obtained in such a manner shall be subject to the
penalties described in MGL c.90, §24B. Whoever is convicted of a violation of MGL
c.90, §24B, shall also have his or her license, or right to operate, suspended for a
minimum of one year.
• Any person who swears or affirms falsely in regard to any matter or thing respecting
which an oath or affirmation is required by the RMV or by MGL c. 90 shall be deemed
guilty of perjury (MGL c.90, §28). In addition, falsification of any information provided to
obtain, renew, transfer, or upgrade a driver’s license or learner’s permit may result in a
suspension of driving privileges.

License/ID Fees
Learner’s permit exam fee - $30.00
The learner’s permit exam fee covers the cost of processing your application and
administering your learner’s permit exam. If you fail the exam or your permit expires, you
will be charged this fee again for another examination.
Road test fee - $35.00
The RMV charges a flat fee for any license application. This fee covers the cost of
processing your application and scheduling a road test. If you fail the road test, do not
appear for the road test, are rejected by the examiner, or cancel your appointment with less
than 72 hours notice, you will still be charged the $35 fee, which must be paid prior to a
18
new test being booked. For more details on road testing, see the Taking the Road Test
section later in this chapter.

License issue/renew fee - Class D - $50.00

License issue/renew fee - Class M - $50.00
The RMV charges a driver’s license fee so it can issue a tamper-resistant, Class D or Class
M license. Fees for licenses issued for less than five years will be prorated based on length
of issuance.
Duplicate or amended license - $25.00
The RMV charges a fee for any change that results in the reissuance of a license.
Out-of-state conversion fees
Class A* - $140.00
Class B* - $140.00
Class C* - $140.00
Class D* - $115.00
*To add motorcycle privileges (Class M) to any of these license classes, you must pay an
additional $3.00 per year. The Class M privilege will expire the same time as the existing
license. If your license is eligible for renewal when you add the Class M privilege, it may be
best for you to renew the license at the same time.
Class M only - $115.00
Class D or M permit conversion - $30.00
Massachusetts ID issue/renew fee - $25.00
If you have surrendered your license voluntarily, there is no fee for a Massachusetts ID
(See the Surrendering Your License section of this chapter for more information).
Liquor ID issue fee - $25.00
Duplicate or amended Massachusetts ID or Liquor ID - $25.00
All fees are subject to change at any time. All license fees are non-refundable.

Disabled Veterans do not pay any fees for driver's license transactions if they have Disabled
Veteran plates or if they have qualified for Disabled Veteran plates with Medical Affairs.

The Junior Operator License Law

Any motor vehicle operator or motorcyclist between the ages of 16 1/2 and 18 is considered a
Junior Operator. The Junior Operator Law has several requirements and restrictions that
significantly affect the operation of a motor vehicle by a person who has a Junior Operator’s
License (JOL). The basic purpose of the law is to provide new drivers supervised opportunities in
which to develop good driving skills, while keeping those drivers free of the possible distractions
caused by friends under age 18 who are present while the drivers are behind the wheel.

19
Requirements to Obtain a JOL
An applicant for a driver's license between ages 16 1/2 and 18 must comply with several
requirements to obtain a JOL:
• Have a valid learner's permit for at least six consecutive months before taking the road
test. (Any suspension will invalidate the permit and the six months will start to run
anew when the suspension is lifted.)
• Maintain a clean driving record for at least six consecutive months before taking the
road test.
• Successfully complete an RMV-approved driver education and training program, which
includes 30 hours of classroom instruction; 12 hours of in-car, behind-the-wheel
training; and six hours of in-car experience observing other student drivers.
• Complete at least an additional 40 hours of supervised, behind-the-wheel driving as
shown by a certified statement provided by a parent or guardian.
The RMV will accept 30 hours of driving supervised by a parent or guardian if the
applicant completed a driver skills development program.
• A parent or guardian must participate in two hours of instruction on the driver’s
education curriculum (unless they have participated within the past five years).
• Pass a final exam to have a driver’s education certificate electronically filed with RMV.

JOL License Restrictions

The following restrictions apply to all Junior Operators:
• You may not operate a motor vehicle within the first six months after receiving your JOL
while any person under age 18 is in the vehicle (other than you or an immediate
family member), unless you are accompanied by a person who is at least 21 years old,
has at least one year of driving experience, holds a valid driver's license from
Massachusetts or another state, and is occupying a seat beside you.
General Rule: The passenger restriction that applies to you as a JOL holder under
age 18 is lifted once you complete the six-month period (or the portion that applies to
you) or you reach age 18, whichever occurs first.
The six-month passenger restriction period will stop running, temporarily, during any
suspension. When your JOL is reinstated, you will still have to complete the remainder
of the six-month restriction period that existed at the beginning of the suspension
period, unless you have already turned 18.

See Chapter Two for a list of the penalties and fees you will face for violating any of these restrictions.

• As the holder of a JOL, you may not operate a motor vehicle between 12:30 a.m. and
5:00 a.m. unless you are accompanied by one of your parents or your legal guardian. If
you are found operating a motor vehicle in violation of this restriction, you may be charged
with operating a motor vehicle without being licensed. This is a criminal violation.
Note: The law states that between 12:30 a.m. and 1:00 a.m. and between 4:00 a.m.
and 5:00 a.m., the provisions of the law shall be enforced by law enforcement agencies
only when a Junior Operator of a motor vehicle has been lawfully stopped for a violation

20
 of the motor vehicle laws or some other offense. This is called "secondary
enforcement." However, it is still illegal for you to operate during those times without a
parent present in the car.
• If you violate the passenger restriction or the night restriction, you will be subject to a
license suspension of 60 days for a first offense, 180 days for a second offense, and
one year for subsequent offenses. For a second or subsequent offense, you will also
be required to complete a Driver Attitudinal Retraining course. The law requires the
RMV to impose this suspension in addition to any other penalty, fine, suspension,
revocation, or requirement that may be imposed in connection with a violation
committed at the time you were violating the passenger or night restriction.
• You may not operate a motor vehicle that requires a commercial driver's license
(CDL).
• You will be suspended for one year if you are under 18 when you have committed
certain driving offenses and alcohol or drugs were involved (180 days if age 18 to 21),
in addition to any penalty assessed by a court or other law. (For details, see the
License Suspension or Revocation section of Chapter Two.)
• You will be ineligible for a full license until you have completed the period of suspension
imposed while operating with a JOL and you reach age 18.
• You will face additional suspension periods of one year for a first drag racing offense
and three years for a subsequent offense. For a first speeding offense, you will be
suspended for 90 days; for a subsequent offense, you will be suspended for one year.
• You may not use any mobile electronic device (see Safe Driving Law section of Chapter
Three) for any reason while operating a motor vehicle. The only exception is for
reporting an emergency.

Applying for a License

You must obtain a learner’s permit before you can apply for any license (This manual
specifically outlines the procedures for obtaining a Class D or a Class M license). To get a
learner’s permit, you must complete an application, present identification, pay a fee, pass a
vision exam, and pass a learner’s permit exam. Your learner’s permit does not become a
license until you pass the road test and have paid all license fees. If your learner’s permit
expires, you must re-take the learner’s permit exam and pay the required fees.
If you are a new Massachusetts resident and have an out-of-state driver’s license, you may
be eligible to convert your license without testing. For information on license conversion and
foreign license policies, see the section Converting Your License From Another Jurisdiction.
Save time by starting your application online at Mass.Gov/RMV. Completing all the information in the
application and indicating which documents you will bring will help ensure your transaction is successful.

Getting a Learner’s Permit

You must be at least 16 years old to apply for a Class D or M learner’s permit. The learner’s
permit exam that you must take tests your understanding of Massachusetts motor vehicle
laws and safe driving practices. A learner’s permit gives you permission to drive while you
practice your driving skills and prepare for your road test. A permit is valid up to two years.
21
When applying for a learner’s permit, you can prepay your license and road test fees at that time.
You can also use the "Pay My Road Test and/or License Fees" transaction on Mass.Gov/RMV to pay
these fees before or after you take the road test. If fees have been paid, your driver’s license will be
automatically sent to you, and you will not need to visit an RMV Service Center after passing the
road test.

To earn your learner’s permit, take the following steps:

1. Study all of the information contained in this manual.
2. Complete a learner’s permit application, make a reservation to visit an RMV Service
Center, and submit the application at the service center. This application can be
completed online at Mass.Gov/RMV to save you time when you visit a service center. If
you are under 18, you must have your parent or guardian sign your application.
In completing the application, you will be required to disclose whether you have a
physical, mental, or medical condition or are taking any medications that might affect
your ability to operate a motor vehicle.
3. Meet all of the RMV’s identification requirements (see the Identification Requirements
section).
4. Pay a $30 learner’s permit exam fee, which covers the cost of your exam.
5. Have your photo-image and signature captured electronically.
6. Pass a vision test at the service center or submit an RMV vision screening certificate
from your medical practitioner.
7. Pass a learner’s permit exam based on information in this manual.
Learner’s permit exams can be taken in the service center when you submit your application.
They are also available online at Mass.Gov/RMV after you submit your application. If you
pass the exam online but cannot print the permit, you can call the RMV Contact Center at
857-368-8110. The RMV will print the permit and mail it to you in 5-7 business days.
A learner's permit is a document that grants conditional driving privileges. This document is not
intended to be used as an identification document for travel. This means that it will not be
accepted by most airlines, cruise ships, etc., for travel as a state-issued photo ID.

Learner’s Permit Exam Procedures

Each learner’s permit exam has 25 multiple-choice questions. Topics covered on the exam
include alcohol misuse, suspensions, and JOL violations, as well as rules of the road and
identifying road signs. To pass the exam, you must answer 18 questions correctly within the
allotted time of 25 minutes.
RMV Full Service Centers have automated testing stations (ATS), which are easy-to-use
videoscreen kiosks that use a computer program to deliver learner’s permit exam questions
visually. The learner’s permit exam is available in multiple languages (for a Class D or M
permit) through the ATS. You have about one minute to answer each question. The ATS lets
you practice with sample questions before beginning the actual exam.
You must study the contents of this manual to be able to pass the learner’s permit exam.

Driver's Manuals and other reference materials cannot be used during the learner’s permit

22
exam and are not allowed in the testing area. You also are not allowed to wear or use any
electronic device (including electronic optical devices), regardless of the purpose of the
device. Audio devices or headphones cannot be used or worn, unless they are being used
for taking an audio exam. Hats cannot be worn (unless for medical or religious reasons).
Usage of a Driver's Manual, other reference material, or electronic device during the
learner’s permit exam is considered cheating.
If you are caught cheating on an exam – or trying to cheat – you will fail and you will not be
allowed to hold any type of driver’s license or permit for 60 days. In some cases, you may
also be subject to further investigation.

Foreign Language Tests

If English is not your primary language, you may ask to take the learner’s permit exam in a
foreign language. The RMV currently offers Class D and M learner’s permit exams in a
variety of languages. Class A, B, and C learner’s permit exams are only available in English.
Class D and M learner's permit exams are available in the following languages:
Arabic • Armenian • Burmese • Cambodian (Khmer) • Chinese (simplified) • Chinese (traditional)
Farsi • French • German • Greek • Gujarati • Haitian/Creole • Hindi • Italian • Japanese • Korean
Laotian • Polish • Portuguese (Brazilian) • Russian • Serbo-Croatian (Latin) • Somali • Spanish
Tagalog/Filipino • Thai • Urdu • Vietnamese

Audio Exams
Audio exams are available through the ATS. This feature allows you to hear an automated
voice read the test questions and possible answers through headphones connected to the
ATS. Audio exams are available in all the languages listed above for Class D and M exams,
and in English only for CDL exams (per federal regulation). The time limit for Class D and M
audio exams is 25 minutes.
Anyone can choose to take an audio exam. The exam does not need to be scheduled in
advance and you do not need to present any additional documentation to be eligible.
If you want to use the audio feature for your exam, you should bring a set of headphones
with you to the RMV Service Center. Every ATS has a splitter on the bottom left of the
machine with a universal connection for headphones. All headphones with a 3.5 millimeter
headphone mini-jack (including Ipod headphones) will work with the ATS.
Alternative Exam Options
If you have a cognitive or physical disability that would prevent you from taking a standard
learner’s permit exam, you may request an alternative extended time, paper, or person-to-
person oral exam. To request an extended time or paper exam, you must speak to the RMV
Service Center Manager when you visit the service center.
To request a person-to-person oral exam, please call 857-368-8105 and leave a message
that includes your name, your telephone number, the specifics of your request, and the
service center where you would like to take your exam. You will then be contacted by a
Registry employee who will help you schedule an exam.
Person-to-person oral exams are only available in English at this time.
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For person-to-person oral exams, you must provide the manager with written
documentation that confirms the nature of your disability. This documentation may be a
Doctor's or Social Worker's letter, an Individualized Education Plan (IEP), or a letter from a
school on official letterhead. You will also need to provide all of the required identification
documents (see Identification Requirements section).
A person-to-person oral exam will only be provided if it has been scheduled in advance by
calling the number on the previous page. Extended time and paper exams do not need to
be scheduled in advance and do not require additional documentation.

Driving With Your Permit

You must carry your learner’s permit whenever you drive until you earn a Junior Operator’s
License or a full driver’s license.
A Class D learner’s permit allows you to drive a passenger vehicle with the following limitations:
• You must be accompanied by a licensed operator who occupies the passenger seat
next to you and is at least 21 years old, holds a valid driver’s license from
Massachusetts or another state, and has at least one year of driving experience.
• If you are under 18, you may not drive between 12:00 a.m. and 5:00 a.m. unless
accompanied by a parent or legal guardian who is a validly licensed operator with at
least one year of driving experience.
A Class M learner’s permit allows you to operate a motorcycle with these limitations:
• You may not carry a passenger.
• You can drive only during daylight hours (between sunrise and sunset).
• You must wear a US DOT standard helmet.
• You must wear eyeglasses, goggles, or a protective face shield unless the motorcycle
you are driving has a windshield or screen.
With a Class D or Class M learner’s permit, you may operate motor vehicles in another
state as long as doing so does not violate that state’s laws.
See Chapter Two for a list of the penalties and fees you will face for violating any of these restrictions.

Driver’s Education
The RMV requires drivers under age 18 to take professional driving lessons at a local high
school or driver school. Professional driving instruction can help you become a more skillful,
knowledgeable driver, and it can increase your chances of passing the Class D or Class M
road test on your first try. Another benefit of learning to drive through a licensed school is
the ability to use a school vehicle for your road test and a school instructor as your test
sponsor.
All professional driver schools in Massachusetts, including public and private high schools,
must be licensed and monitored by the RMV. Visit the RMV website to locate a driver
school and see if there have been any enforcement actions taken against the school. More
information can be found at Mass.Gov/RMV.
You can also obtain information on driving instruction by contacting your local high school.
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 If you doubt a driver school's credentials, ask to see a license certificate, which the RMV issues.

To apply for a Class D or M driver’s license when you are between 16 1/2 and 18 years old,
you must complete a driver’s education program, pass a final exam, and have a driver’s
education certificate electronically on file with the RMV from a licensed driver school or a
high school program that is approved by the RMV. The fact that you have fulfilled this
requirement will be available on your RMV computer record at the time of your road test.
You must also complete 40 hours of supervised driving (30 hours if you completed a driver
skills development program), and your parent or guardian must participate in two hours of
the driver’s education curriculum (unless he/she already attended in the past five years).
Driver Education Certificate Department, Registry of Motor Vehicles
P.O. Box 55889, Boston, MA 02205-5889

If you recently moved to Massachusetts and had already completed a driver’s education
program in another state, you should mail your original out-of-state driver’s education
certificate, a $15 check payable to MassDOT, and a self-addressed, stamped envelope to
the address above. Verification will be made with the state that originally issued your
driver’s education certificate. If the other state’s requirements meet or exceed
Massachusetts’ requirements, a new driver’s education certificate will be electronically filed
with the RMV. Once this is done, you may book your road test.
To convert an out-of-state driver’s education certificate, the program you completed must meet or
exceed Massachusetts minimum requirements for classroom and in-car instruction. If you have
any questions, call the RMV Contact Center.

Taking the Road Test

The next step toward earning your Massachusetts driver’s license is taking a road test with
an RMV examiner. Whether you are applying for your first license or completing a license
conversion that requires a road test, you must have a learner’s permit to schedule a test.
Road test procedures are described in the following pages.
If you are obtaining a motorcycle license, or adding a motorcycle class to your
Massachusetts driver’s license, you do not have to take a road test if you have successfully
completed the Massachusetts Rider Education Program (MREP), approved by the RMV.
For a Class D license, you are not allowed to attempt more than six road tests in a
12-month period. For a Class M license, if you fail two road tests, you must enroll in and
successfully complete a beginner rider course before you can schedule another test.

Scheduling a Road Test

Road tests may be scheduled online at Mass.Gov/RMV or by calling the RMV Automated
Service Line at 866-MASSRMV (866-627-7768).
For information on road tests for vehicles with ignition interlock devices, see the Ignition
Interlock Devices section in Chapter Two.
You may cancel or reschedule your road test online or through the RMV Contact Center.

25
There is no additional fee if you give more than 72 hours notice.
If you fail a road test, you must wait at least two weeks before taking another one.
Road tests are scheduled close together; you must be on time for your test. If you
are late for your appointment, you will not be tested and you will be required to pay
the road test fee.
All fees must be paid before you can schedule a new road test.
Massachusetts Rider Education Program
The Massachusetts Rider Education Program (MREP) is designed to reduce the number of
motorcycle related fatalities and injuries by increasing the availability of Motorcycle Safety
Foundation (MSF) approved training courses for motorcycle riders and to increase
awareness and education for both riders and other drivers. If you successfully complete an
MREP course, you do not need to take an RMV Class M road test.
After passing the MREP course, to receive a motorcycle license, you must either:
1) Show lawful presence for a Standard Massachusetts Driver's License on-line or in
person with a reservation at a Service Center
2) Complete our "Get Ready" application on-line for a REAL ID Massachusetts Driver's
License and make a reservation to visit a Service Center where a license can be issued
regardless of pre-pay (see REAL ID and Standard Massachusetts Cards section)
If you are under 18 years old, the MREP basic rider course is required to obtain a
Class M license. You must also have a driver's education certificate.
For information on motorcycle rider courses for both beginner and experienced drivers, call
857-368-2903 or visit Mass.Gov/RMV.
The RMV has a Motorcycle Manual. This manual focuses exclusively on motorcycles and is
available online at Mass.Gov/RMV. Study this manual if you want to get a Class M learner’s permit
or add a motorcyle class to your Class D license.

Policies on Cancellations and Fees

When a public school system cancels classes for weather-related reasons, road tests
scheduled in that school system’s community may be canceled at the discretion of the
RMV. Road tests will be canceled automatically when the Governor declares a state of
emergency. If the Governor declares an emergency in a particular region, only road tests in
that region will be canceled.
Road Test Examiners may also cancel road tests when weather conditions are considered
unsafe. To determine if your road test has been canceled, please visit Mass.Gov/RMV for
posted notifications or call the RMV’s Contact Center. In any of the preceding cases, you
may schedule a new road test at no additional fee. However, you will be charged the road
test fee if you...
• Fail the test
• Are unprepared for the test
• Are refused the test because your vehicle fails to pass the examiner’s inspection
• Do not bring a qualified sponsor
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• Fail to appear for or are late for your test
• Cancel or reschedule your test with less than 72 hours notice
Being Prepared for the Road Test
Road test videos are available online at Mass.Gov/RMV in the road test section. These videos will
help you prepare for the road test and show you what to expect during the test.

On the day you take your Class D road test, you must fulfill several requirements:
1. Have a completed road test application, and have your parent or guardian complete the
parental consent section if you are under age 18.
In completing the application for the road test, you will be required to disclose whether
you have a physical, mental, or medical condition or are taking any medications that
might affect your ability to operate a motor vehicle. If you do, prior to taking a road test,
you must submit medical clearance, from your physician, to an RMV Service Center
Manager. The Road Test Examiner will review your application and either approve it or
forward it to Medical Affairs for appropriate review.
2. Have your printed learner’s permit.
3. Bring a qualified sponsor (see the Sponsor Requirements section).
Note: A sponsor is not required for a Class M road test.
4. Provide an acceptable, properly equipped, legally registered vehicle to use in your test
(see the Passenger Vehicle Requirements section).
If you are under age 18, you must maintain a clean driving record for the six
consecutive months immediately preceding the date you apply for the test. You will
not be able to take the test if you...
• Have experienced any surchargeable incidents (e.g., at-fault crashes, moving
violations) under Massachusetts law or the law of another state
• Have had your permit suspended for committing drug or alcohol related motor
vehicle violations
• Have been convicted for violating any drug or alcohol related laws in
Massachusetts or another state
Note: Even if you had a clean driving record for six consecutive months immediately
preceding the date you first booked the road test, if the RMV receives notice of an event
that would cause the six-month clean driving period to be interrupted between the date the
test was booked and the date of the test itself, you will not be allowed to take the road test
when scheduled. A new clean driving record of at least six months will have to be
established, unless you reach 18 years of age prior to that time.
For a Class M road test, you must bring your printed learner’s permit, a completed license
application form, and a properly equipped, legally registered motorcycle, but you are not
required to bring a sponsor. If you are under 18 years old, you are not eligible for an RMV Class
M road test and must complete the MREP basic rider course to get a Class M license.

27
Sponsor Requirements
For a Class D license, including a JOL, you need a sponsor for your road test, even if you
have a valid foreign driver’s license. When you arrive at the test location, you must be
accompanied by a licensed operator who...
• Is at least 21 years old
• Has had at least one year of driving experience
• Has a valid driver’s license issued by his or her home state. Holders of foreign driver’s
licenses are not eligible to be sponsors.
If you are not accompanied by a sponsor, you will not be given a Class D road test.

Passenger Vehicle Requirements

To be acceptable to the examiner, the vehicle you bring to the road test must meet all requirements
in this section.
In general, the vehicle you use for your Class D road test should be safe and in good
working order. You must show your vehicle registration to the examiner and the vehicle
must be properly inspected. Your test will be canceled if the examiner believes your vehicle
is unsafe. In addition to being safe, your vehicle must have these features:
• Adequate seating so that the examiner may sit next to you and your sponsor may sit in
the rear seat behind the driver. You may not use a vehicle that does not have a seat for
your sponsor. Sponsors may not sit in the bed of a two passenger pickup truck.
• An accessible parking brake so the examiner can make an emergency stop. It is up to
the individual examiner to determine if the parking brake would be accessible to him or
her in an emergency. To help ensure that brake access will not be a problem, you
should bring a vehicle to the test that has a centrally located parking brake. If you have
any questions about whether a vehicle is acceptable, you should take it to the
scheduled road test location on the business day prior to the scheduled test.
If you are prevented from taking the road test only because the examiner determined
that he/she could not access the braking system, you will not be charged a fee for that
scheduled test.
Driving instruction vehicles must have a second foot brake for instructors or examiners
and must display proper signage.
In some larger vehicles, like certain minivans, the parking brake is too far from the examiner to be
easily accessible in an emergency. These vehicles are not suitable for road tests and may be
rejected by the examiner.
• If your test vehicle is registered out of state, you must show the examiner proof of
insurance coverage equal to Massachusetts minimum limits, which are $20,000/$40,000
for bodily injury and $5,000 for property damage.
A policy or a certificate that lists coverage limits serves as proof of a vehicle’s insurance.
• If you are renting the vehicle you are using for your road test, you must show your
examiner your rental agreement and a letter from the rental company, on its letterhead,
that authorizes you to use the vehicle for a driver’s license road test. You are not
required to provide this information for leased vehicles.
A vehicle cannot be used for a road test if one of its tires has been replaced by a "donut"
(limited use spare) tire.
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Road Test Policy for Vehicles with Dealer, Farm, and Repair Plates
You cannot take a road test in a passenger vehicle that is registered with a "dealer" plate
unless you can prove, to the satisfaction of the examiner, that you are the dealer, or spouse
of the dealer, or a salesperson who works at the dealership. A vehicle with a farm plate can
be used, if acceptable to the examiner, but only if the applicant can prove, to the
satisfaction of the examiner, that the applicant is a member of the family or an employee of
the farmer. If displaying a farm plate, the vehicle cannot be a passenger vehicle, but may
be a pickup truck with an acceptable rear seat for a sponsor. You will not be allowed to take
a road test in a vehicle with a repair plate.

Passenger Vehicle Test Procedures

Road test videos are available online at Mass.Gov/RMV in the road test section. These videos will
help you prepare for the road test and show you what to expect during the test.

You should arrive approximately 15 minutes early for your scheduled road test appointment.
If you are late, you may not be able to take your road test.
Before your road test, the RMV examiner will inspect your vehicle to ensure that it is
properly registered, that all equipment is in good working order, and that the vehicle
provides a safe, adequate, and clean seat for the examiner and easy access to the brake.
During your Class D road test, you must prove you have the skills and abilities needed to
operate most private passenger vehicles, small trucks, vans, and SUVs. Most newer
vehicles are equipped with "specialized features", such as backing sensors, back-up
cameras, automatic parallel parking, and GPS-guided independent operation. These
features substantially assist a driver with certain driving, parking, or backing skills. These
devices will not need to be disabled. However, your driving skills and abilities without relying
only on these specialized features will be tested. If adaptive equipment for a legitimate
medical condition is installed in the vehicle and necessary for operation, or if you need to
use specialized features, a “mechanical/software aid” restriction will be added to a license.
After the examiner inspects and approves the vehicle, the driving test will begin. Only you,
the examiner, and your sponsor are allowed in the vehicle during the test. The examiner will
sit in the seat next to you; your sponsor must sit in the rear. No children or pets are
allowed. Service animals are allowed. If the examiner so authorizes, a language interpreter
may also be allowed in the vehicle. You and your sponsor/interpreter are not allowed to
converse unless authorized by the examiner.
The examiner’s goal is to observe your driving performance. During a road test, you should
be prepared to demonstrate your ability to...
• Use hand signals
• Start the engine
• Start and stop the vehicle
• Parallel Park
• Back the vehicle approximately 50 feet
• Make left - right turns
• Start, stop, and turn the vehicle on a hill

29
• Turn around between curbs (three point turn)
• Enter and leave intersections
• Recognize and obey traffic signs, lights and signals, and other rules of the road
• Use good driving sense
In addition to judging your overall driving skills, the examiner will note how well you follow
general good-driving procedures, including whether you...
• Use good driving posture, with both hands always placed properly on the wheel
• Drive in the proper lane and look carefully and signal properly before changing lanes
• Maintain enough distance between your vehicle and the one ahead of you
• Always drive at safe speeds to comply with speed limits and varying traffic conditions
• Properly yield the right-of-way
• Are generally aware of your actions and particularly those of other drivers
Motorcycle Requirements
In general, the motorcycle you use for your Class M road test should be safe and in good
working order. Your test will be canceled if the examiner believes your motorcycle is unsafe.
In addition, you must show the examiner...
• Your printed learner's permit
• Your motorcycle’s registration document
• A valid inspection sticker
If your motorcycle is registered out of state, you will have to show the examiner proof of
insurance coverage equal to Massachusetts’ minimum limits, which are $20,000/$40,000 for
bodily injury and $5,000 for property damage.
A policy or a certificate that lists limits of coverage serves as proof of the vehicle’s insurance.
As a motorcycle operator, you must also...
• Wear a helmet that meets or exceeds US DOT standards.
State law requires your helmet to comply with the US DOT’s Federal Motor Vehicle
Safety Standard No. 218.
Helmets that meet this standard will be labeled with stickers on the inside and outside.
• Wear eyeglasses, goggles, or a protective face shield, unless your motorcycle has a
windshield or a screen.
For information on motorcycle rider courses for both beginner and experienced drivers, call
857-368-2903 or visit Mass.Gov/RMV.

Motorcycle Test Procedures

You should arrive approximately 15 minutes early for your scheduled motorcycle road test
appointment. If you are late, you may not be able to take your road test.
Before your road test, the RMV examiner will inspect your motorcycle to ensure that it is
registered, inspected, and insured properly and that all equipment is in good working order.

30
Road Test Waiver Available: The RMV road test for a Class M motorcycle license may be
waived if you can prove that you have successfully completed a course of motorcycle
instruction known as the Massachusetts Rider Education Program (MREP) as approved by
the RMV. If you are under 18 years old, you are not eligible for an RMV Class M road test
and must complete the MREP basic rider course to get a Class M license.
As a pre-road test, the examiner will assess your knowledge of motorcycle equipment and
controls. For the road test, the examiner will observe your ability to operate a motorcycle.
Your road test will consist of the following riding skills:
• “Figure eights” and 360º circles in both directions without your feet touching the road
• Normal starts and stops
• Driving in traffic
• Crossing intersections
• Making turns
If you take a Class M road test on a three-wheeled motorcycle or on a motorcycle with a
sidecar, you will be limited to operating such a vehicle and a “U” restriction will be printed
on your license.
The RMV has a Motorcycle Manual. This manual focuses exclusively on motorcycles and is only
available online at Mass.Gov/RMV. Check it out for important information you need to get a motorcycle
license and to be a safer rider.

Deaf and Hard of Hearing Road Tests

If you are deaf or hard of hearing, you can schedule a road test by calling 1-877-RMV-
TTDD (1-877-768-8833). Describe your request, the location where you would like to take
your road test, and include your phone number, residential address, and e-mail address.
The Driver Licensing Department will then contact you to book the road test. Once the test
is booked, they will contact the Commission for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing to arrange for
an interpreter.
Before the start of the road test, the examiner will explain the elements of the test and how
to effectively communicate during the test. You and the interpreter will also be provided with
a written description of the road test and the required elements to review before starting the
test.
If you have any questions during the road test, you will be allowed to pull over to the side of
the road (when safe to do so) and communicate with the examiner.

Common Reasons for Failing a Road Test

• You were at fault in a crash with another motor vehicle, pedestrian, or object.
• You were driving in a way that may have caused a crash or in a way the examiner
considered dangerous.
• You violated a motor vehicle law, rule, or regulation.
• You demonstrated a lack of experience safely operating a motor vehicle.
• You refused to follow or drove contrary to the examiner’s instructions.
Note: The RMV has a zero tolerance policy for violent or abusive conduct by road test
applicants and sponsors.
31
Receiving Your New License
To avoid visiting an RMV Service Center after you pass your road test, you can either pay
your road test and license fees at the time you schedule the test, or you can pay online at
Mass.Gov/RMV using the "Pay My Road Test and/or License Fees" transaction.
If you pass the road test, have prepaid for your license, have proven lawful presence, and
have no outstanding obligations, the examiner will stamp your learner's permit and it will
become a temporary license, valid up to 60 days. The RMV will manufacture your new,
permanent photo-image license and mail it to you. If you are over the age of 20, but still
have a photo on file from when you were under 20, you will need to make a reservation to
visit a service center to obtain your license.
If you pass the road test and have not prepaid for your license, within 60 days, you must
either pay online or make a reservation to take the permit with the road test results
indicated to a service center. Please note, however, that if you pay online and do not visit a
service center, you will not receive a temporary license. (Note: If you do not pay within 60
days of passing your road test, you may be required to retake the road test at your
expense.)
If your permanent license does not arrive in the mail within two weeks, please call the RMV
Contact Center.
Whenever you operate a motor vehicle in Massachusetts, the law requires you to carry a
valid driver’s license on your person or within easy reach inside your vehicle.

Massachusetts driver’s licenses are produced at a secure location and are generally mailed to you
within seven to ten business days after you visit the RMV Service Center.

At the service center, you will receive a receipt that serves as a temporary license and provides
proof of driving privileges while the permanent license is being manufactured. The receipt is not
valid for identification. This means that it will not be accepted by most airlines, cruise ships, etc.,
for travel as a state-issued photo ID.

Converting Your License From Another Jurisdiction

To retain driving privileges, out-of-state or foreign-licensed drivers must obtain a Massachusetts
driver’s license upon becoming a Massachusetts resident. If you currently carry a valid
license from another state, a U.S. territory, Canada, Mexico, or certain select other foreign
countries, you may be eligible to submit your license for conversion, but you will need to meet
the RMV’s identification requirements. (See the Identification Requirements section.) If your
license does not contain a photo, you will be required to provide additional documentation.

All applicants who convert a license must surrender that license in order to receive a
Massachusetts license.

Note: If you present any document that is inconsistent with the concept of your being a
resident of Massachusetts (such as B1 or B2 or other short term visa status, or an expired
visa status or documents showing an out-of-state residence), you will not be considered a
32
resident and an application for a Permit, License, or Mass ID will be denied. Massachusetts
law requires proof of lawful presence in the U.S. for a minimum of 12 months (see Who is
eligible for a Massachusetts License section). You may be eligible for a Liquor ID.
The table below summarizes the requirements for license conversion. License conversions
require that you pay all application, testing, and license fees, regardless of whether you
must take an exam. In most cases, if you hold a license from a foreign country, you will
need to pass both the learner’s permit exam and the road test.
Massachusetts requires proof of lawful presence for a minimum of 12 months, even if the state
you are converting your license from does not require this.

Requirements for New Residents

Place of Issue License Learner’s Permit Road Driving
Status Exam Test Record
Out-of-State Valid or expired less than one year

Expired more than one year

a a
14 U.S. Valid or expired less than one year
Territories,
Canada, or
a
Expired more than one year
Mexico
a a a
Other Valid license (with English
Foreign
Countries
translation if needed) a a
Out-of-State Conversions
If you have an out-of-state Class D or M license that is current or has been expired for less
than a year, you may transfer it to a Massachusetts issued license if you meet the RMV’s
identification and eligibility requirements. Your out-of-state license must indicate that you
hold full driving privileges in that state.
Your right to operate will be verified through the Commercial Driver License Information
System (CDLIS) and the National Driver Register (NDR) to determine if it is suspended,
revoked, canceled, withdrawn, or disqualified in any state or the District of Columbia.
An out-of-state license that indicates a limit on the customer’s right to operate, due to
drug, alcohol, or habitual traffic offender violations or similar activity may NOT be
transferred to a Massachusetts issued driver’s license and you may not be eligible for a
Massachusetts issued license. If a restriction is present on your license, you may need to
provide a driving record so that the RMV can establish your eligibility for a Massachusetts
issued license. You may also need to provide additional documentation of your eligibility for
a Massachusetts issued license to address any medical restrictions that may be present on
your out-of-state license.

33
If you have a restriction for Corrective Lenses, the results of the RMV vision test or
submission of a Vision Screening Certificate will determine whether or not you receive the
same restriction on your Massachusetts issued license.
If it is determined that you do not qualify for a Massachusetts issued license, you have a
right to appeal a decision of the Registry to the Board of Appeal on Motor Vehicle Liability
Policies & Bonds (see Appeals section on page 17).

Junior Operator License Conversion

License Conversion for a Junior Operator requires that you provide a certified copy of your
driving record from the state you are leaving, in addition to meeting the RMV’s identification
requirements. (See the Identification Requirements section.) You must also have a
Massachusetts driver’s education certificate electronically on file with the RMV (see Driver’s
Education section) and you must log an additional 40 hours of supervised driving (30 hours
if you completed a driver skills development program) as shown by a certified statement
provided by a parent or guardian.
You will be subject to all of the provisions of the Massachusetts JOL law (See the Junior
Operator License Law section). The only exception is the period of time you will be subject
to the passenger restriction, which depends on your driving record. If your record indicates
you have had a valid license for a full six months, without suspension or revocation, you will
not be subject to the passenger restriction.
To convert an out-of-state driver’s education certificate, the program you completed must meet or
exceed Massachusetts minimum requirements for classroom and in-car instruction. If you have
any questions, call the RMV Contact Center.

Permit Conversion
Class D and M Learner’s Permits may be converted to an equivalent Massachusetts issued
permit if you meet the RMV’s identification requirements (See the Identification Requirements
section). To be eligible for conversion, the out-of-state permit must have been issued less than two
years ago. You must also provide a certified driving record (not more than 30 days old).
If you are under 18 years old, your parent must sign the permit application. You will not be
required to take the learner’s permit exam; however, you will need to pay the applicable fee.
A converted permit will be dated to reflect the issue date of the original permit in order to
meet the six month experience requirement for applicants under 18. The Massachusetts
issued permit will expire two years from the adjusted issue date or at the end of your
authorized stay in the U.S. (whichever comes first).

Conversions from a U.S. Territory, Canada, or Mexico

When converting a permit or license from one of the 14 U.S. Territories, Canada, or Mexico,
you must meet the RMV’s identification requirements. (See the Out-of-State Conversion
section of the Identification Requirements chart.) You must submit an original certified
driving record from your home territory or country. Driving records must be no more than

34
30 days old. See the Translation Required Policy section on page 15 for the policy for
foreign language documents.
An original certified driving record is required from the 14 U.S. Territories, Canada, and Mexico
because the driving records of those jurisdictions are not available for electronic review by the
RMV through the Problem Driver Pointer System.
The 14 U.S. Territories consist of the following:
American Samoa • Baker Island • Guam • Howland Island • Jarvis Island • Johnston Atoll •
Kingman Reef • Midway Islands • Navassa Island • Northern Mariana Islands • Palmyra Atoll •
Puerto Rico • U.S. Virgin Islands • Wake Islands
Source - The Worldfact Book (U.S. CIA-2004)

A Puerto Rican birth certificate will only be accepted for identification if it was issued on or after July 1,
2010. For more information on the Puerto Rican birth certificate law, visit the Puerto Rico Federal Affairs
Administration website.

Conversions from Certain Select Foreign Countries

The RMV has entered into reciprocal arrangements with South Korea (The Republic of
Korea), the Republic of France, Taiwan (The Republic of China), and the Federal Republic
of Germany to convert valid passenger vehicle licenses issued by these countries to former
residents who have relocated to Massachusetts and who are authorized by their Visa status
to remain for at least one (1) year in the U.S. These reciprocal arrangements were entered
into following requests from the individual governments.
The RMV may issue a Massachusetts issued license to a qualified driver based on the
arrangements with each individual country. Please see the information for license conversion
from these countries on the RMV website in the Converting a Foreign License section.
These arrangements will also allow a former resident of Massachusetts to convert his/her
valid Massachusetts passenger vehicle license to a license of the same class upon
relocating to one of these countries and meeting the qualifications. Former residents of
Massachusetts moving to one of the identified countries should contact the country’s driver
license issuance agency for applicable information.

Other Foreign Licenses

If you hold a driver’s license from any country other than the United States, a U.S. Territory,
Canada, Mexico, the Republic of Korea (South Korea), the Republic of France, Taiwan
(Republic of China), or the Federal Republic of Germany, you must take both the learner’s
permit exam and road test. Unless a reciprocal agreement already exists (see above), a
visitor from a foreign country cannot convert to a Massachusetts license. Only a resident of
Massachusetts can obtain a Massachusetts license.
If you become a legal resident of Massachusetts after having entered the U.S. in a Visa
status, you must apply for a Massachusetts driver's license to retain your right to operate a
motor vehicle. You need to present proof of lawful presence in the U.S. for a minimum of 12
months (see Who is Eligible for a Massachusetts License section). You may be eligible for a
license even if you have less than 12 months of lawful presence still remaining at the time
of application.
35
 Renewing Your License
It is your responsibility to renew your driver’s license before the expiration date and you must
inform the RMV and the U.S. Post Office of any address change. As a license holder, you
are solely responsible for its safekeeping, renewal, and replacement. Please check the
expiration date printed on your license and remember to renew before this date. The RMV offers
an Internet feature that allows you to verify your license status and your renewal options online.
Your Massachusetts driver’s license is valid for five years, unless it is your first license
which expires on your fifth birthday after the date of issue, or until the end of your
authorized stay in the U.S. (whichever comes first). You may renew your license up to one
year before the expiration date. If your license expired more than two years ago, you will be
required to take a learner’s permit exam and road test.
Eligible customers may renew their licenses online two straight renewal periods and
must renew in person every third renewal period (once every 15 years). To be eligible, your
license photo must be less than 14 years old.
You are not eligible to renew online if:
• You hold a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL)*
• You need to change your name
• You do not have an SSN
• You are 75 years of age or older
• You have outstanding obligations
• Your lawful presence cannot be verified electronically
• You are requesting a first time issuance of a REAL ID Massachusetts Driver's License
• You have a REAL ID Massachusetts Driver's License marked "Limited Term"
*The RMV has made a change allowing CDLs with NI certification to be renewed online.
Visit Mass.Gov/RMV for more information.
If you are not eligible to renew online, make a reservation online at Mass.Gov/RMV to visit
any full service or limited service RMV Service Center (see Appendix C for locations and
business hours). Each time you renew, you will have to pass a vision screening test and
supply your SSN or updated Social Security Denial Notice (not more than 60 days old).
Please note that at RMV Limited Service Centers (as opposed to RMV Full Service
Centers), you can pay your renewal fee by check or credit card only.

Massachusetts driver’s licenses are produced at a secure location and are generally mailed to you
within seven to ten business days after you visit the RMV Service Center.
If you renew your license in a service center, you will receive a receipt that serves as a temporary
license and provides proof of driving privileges while the permanent license is being manufactured.
The receipt is not valid for identification. This means that it will not be accepted by most airlines,
cruise ships, etc., for travel as a state-issued photo ID.

If a new photo is required, but your appearance has been temporarily changed due to
medical treatment, you can obtain a duplicate license and keep your current photo for one

36
year if you present certification from a licensed physician. You will then need to renew your
license with a new photo after one year.
Turning 21? If you choose to renew your Driver’s License before your 21st birthday,
you will receive a vertical license with the words “Under 21” printed on it. However, if
you renew your license on or after your 21st birthday, you will receive a standard
horizontal license that does not have the words “Under 21” printed on it.

SSN Verification on Renewal

Approximately six months prior to your license expiration date, the RMV will attempt to
confirm your Social Security Number with the Social Security Administration (SSA). The
RMV will run a computer check through the SSA to ensure that the SSN you provided to
the RMV is the number that has been issued to you. If we are told it is not, you will receive
a letter from the RMV informing you that license renewal is not possible until you resolve
the SSN problem with the SSA.

Driving Record Check on Renewal

Approximately two months prior to your license expiration date, the RMV will run a check of
your license status in other jurisdictions. The RMV will run a computer check of your name,
birth date, and SSN with the Problem Driver Pointer System (PDPS). If you are identified as
a suspended or revoked driver in that system, you will not be allowed to renew your license
until the matter is resolved. You will be notified by letter of your non-renewal status.

Other Reasons for Non-Renewal

In addition to the reasons previously stated, if you have outstanding parking tickets, unpaid
excise taxes, outstanding warrants, outstanding E-ZPass, Pay-by-Plate, or other tolling
violations, abandoned vehicles, or unpaid fines for evasion of a fare on a vehicle or ferry
owned or operated by the MBTA, you will not be able to renew your license. The RMV will
notify you by letter if you are not eligible for license renewal due to any of these problems.
For detailed information on reasons for non-renewal, see Chapter Two, Keeping Your
License.

Renewals for Military Personnel

Military personnel are not required to renew their Massachusetts driver’s licenses during
active service. However, you may wish to renew your license during your military service. In
such cases, the RMV will issue a photo license or a special nonphoto driver’s license,
depending upon the circumstances, if you are stationed outside Massachusetts.

You are not required to renew your Massachusetts license while you are in active military service.

You can only request a nonphoto driver’s license by mail. To order a nonphoto license
renewal, for military personnel and their dependents, mail your request, the renewal fee (see
the License Fees section), and a copy of your military ID to the address on the next page. A

37
nonphoto driver’s license will be mailed to you, if you are located outside Massachusetts. In
any correspondence, include your out-of-state address and phone number.
Unless you have already been issued a REAL ID Massachusetts Driver's License, renewals
for military personnel can only be a Standard Massachusetts Driver's License.

The Driver Licensing Department, Registry of Motor Vehicles,

P.O. Box 55889, Boston, MA 02205-5889

Temporary Extensions
If you are temporarily out of Massachusetts and cannot return home before your driver’s
license expires, you may ask the RMV to grant you a temporary extension. A temporary
extension is valid for 60 days after the expiration date of your license and can be granted
one time only. To request a temporary extension, call the RMV Contact Center or write to
the RMV’s main office at the address listed below. In any correspondence, be sure to
include your name, license number, out-of-state address, and telephone number.
Customer Assistance Bureau, Registry of Motor Vehicles, P.O. Box 55889, Boston, MA 02203-5889

Replacing Your License

Duplicate License
To apply for a duplicate of your photo-image license, simply log on to Mass.Gov/RMV or call the
RMV’s Contact Center, request a duplicate, and pay the $25 duplicate fee by VISA, MasterCard,
Discover, or American Express.
If you request a duplicate for a license obtained before the implementation of REAL ID, but
don't prove lawful presence for a REAL ID Massachusetts License or a Standard
Massachusetts License, the replacement license will be an exact copy of your current card
(not REAL ID or Standard).
If you request an amended license, you will need to prove lawful presence of at least 12
months to obtain a Standard Massachusetts Driver's License, or meet all of the
requirements for a REAL ID Massachusetts License.
All fees are subject to change at any time. All license fees are non-refundable.

Replacements for Military Personnel

Active members of the Armed Forces and their dependents who wish to obtain duplicates of
their licenses can simply send letters of request stating whether their licenses were lost or
stolen to the address listed below and include copies of their military IDs.
For military personnel and their dependents, duplicate licenses are free.

The Driver Licensing Department, Registry of Motor Vehicles,

P.O. Box 55889, Boston, MA 02205-5889

38
 Surrendering Your License
If you become unqualified to operate a motor vehicle safely due to a physical or mental
condition or simply wish to cease driving for other reasons, you may voluntarily surrender
your license by making a reservation to visit any RMV Full Service Center or by mailing the
license to Medical Affairs.

Medical Affairs, Registry of Motor Vehicles, P.O. Box 55889, Boston, MA 02205-5889

If you choose to give up your license, it will not negatively affect your insurance and there is
no fee. When you give up your license, the RMV will give you a free Massachusetts
Identification Card. If you want your license back, you may need to give the RMV medical
documents. You may also need to take a competency road test. You will not need to pay to
get your license back unless it expired. If it did expire, you will need to pay the normal
renewal fee.

Renewing Your Massachusetts Identification Card

It is your responsibility to renew your ID Card before the expiration date and you must
inform the RMV and the U.S. Post Office of any address change. As an ID Card holder,
you are solely responsible for its safekeeping, renewal, and replacement. Please
check the expiration date printed on your ID card and remember to renew before this date. The
RMV offers an Internet feature that allows you to verify your ID card status and your renewal
options online.
Your ID Card is valid for five years, unless it is your first ID Card which expires on your
fifth birthday after the date of issue, or until the end of your authorized stay in the U.S.
(whichever comes first). You may renew your ID Card up to one year before the expiration
date or up to four years after the expiration date.
Eligible customers may renew their ID Cards online two straight renewal periods and
must renew in person every third renewal period (once every 15 years). To be eligible, your
ID Card photo must be less than 14 years old.
You are not eligible to renew online if:
• You need to change your name
• You do not have an SSN
• Your lawful presence cannot be verified electronically
• You are requesting a first time issuance of a REAL ID Massachusetts ID Card
• You have a REAL ID Massachusetts ID Card marked "Limited Term"
If you are not eligible to renew online, make a reservation online at Mass.Gov/RMV to visit
any full service or limited service RMV Service Center (see Appendix C for locations and
business hours). Each time you renew, you will have to supply your SSN or updated Social
Security Denial Notice (not more than 60 days old).
Please note that at RMV Limited Service Centers (as opposed to RMV Full Service
Centers), you can pay your renewal fee by check or credit card only.
39
If a new photo is required, but your appearance has been temporarily changed due to
medical treatment, you can obtain a duplicate ID Card and keep your current photo for one
year if you present certification from a licensed physician. You will then need to renew your
ID Card with a new photo after one year.

Turning 21? If you choose to renew your ID Card before your 21st birthday, you will
receive a vertical ID Card with the words “Under 21” printed on it. However, if you renew
your ID Card on or after your 21st birthday, you will receive a standard horizontal
ID Card that does not have the words “Under 21” printed on it.

Change of Address or Name

If you hold a Massachusetts learner’s permit or driver’s license or ID, the law requires you to
notify the RMV of any address change within 30 days of the change. Go to Mass.Gov/RMV to
complete the transaction online, call the RMV’s Contact Center, or make a reservation to visit
an RMV Service Center and give your new address. You should also notify the U.S. Post
Office of any address change within 30 days. When you give the RMV your new address, you
can write your new address using permanent ink on the back of the license or ID in the area
provided, or you can pay $25 to obtain a duplicate license with your new address.
You must notify the Social Security Administration any time you change your name.

If you change your name, you must report the change promptly to the RMV so that all your
license and vehicle records can be updated. Also, you must obtain a new driver’s license
bearing your new name and signature. This transaction costs $25 and must be done in
person by making a reservation to visit a service center. Your full legal name, including full
middle name, must be recorded as shown on your passport, birth certificate, or documents
demonstrating lawful presence. For a REAL ID Card, you must present a legal document as
proof of your name change (such as a marriage license, a divorce decree, or a court
document). For a Standard Massachusetts Card, no documentation is required.

Change of Gender Designation

If your gender identity no longer matches the gender designation printed on your
Massachusetts Driver’s License or ID Card, you can change your gender designation using
a license application. If you have also changed your name, it should be indicated in the
Change of Information section of the license application. A duplicate card costs $25. You
must turn in your license or ID containing the other gender designation.
You do not need to provide proof of sex reassignment surgery, an amended birth certificate,
or proof of a court-approved name change.
Your gender will appear in the "sex" field of your credential as either M, F, or X.

Voter Registration
If you are legally eligible to vote, you can register when you conduct a permit, license, or ID
transaction with a reservation at a full service or limited service RMV Service Center. All
licensing transaction forms contain a section in which you can indicate if you wish to

40
register to vote or update your current voter registration.
You must be a U.S. citizen and at least 16 years old to register to vote.
You must be at least 18 years old to be eligible to vote.

If you are registered and change your address, your information will be forwarded first to
the Secretary of State’s Central Voter Registry and then to your local election office, which
will send you a confirmation notice in the mail.
For more information on registering to vote or the election process, call the State Election Line at
1-800-462-VOTE or 617-727-2828.

Veteran's Indicator
If you are a veteran of the U.S. Armed Forces and were honorably discharged, you can
choose to have the word "Veteran" printed on your license or ID card. The Veteran's
Indicator can be added when you apply for, renew, or order a duplicate permit, license, or
ID card. There is no additional fee for the Veteran's Indicator. If your license or ID card is
not eligible for renewal, you can obtain a free duplicate with the Veteran’s Indicator. Regular
transaction fees apply for other transactions. One of the following documents must be
presented as proof of honorable discharge in person with a reservation at an RMV Service
Center:
• A DD-214 that indicates honorable discharge
• A DD-215 that indicates honorable discharge
• An Honorable Discharge form
The information on the form must be typed (not handwritten).

Organ and Tissue Donor Program

When you apply for a Massachusetts driver’s license or identification card, you will have the
opportunity to become an organ and tissue donor. By registering as an organ and tissue
donor with the RMV, you will be entered into the Massachusetts Donor Registry, which is
legal consent for donation. However, you should also share your decision to donate with
your family and friends so that they know about your decision to become an organ and
tissue donor.
You can register as an organ donor, or change your organ donor status, anytime on Mass.Gov/RMV.
Even if you are currently a registered donor, you still need to check “yes” on question one of
the license or ID card renewal form in order to remain in the donor registry.
If you have any questions, please contact one of the organ donor organizations listed
below.

For more information on organ and tissue donation:

Visit neds.org or unos.org
Call New England Organ Bank at 1-800-446-6362
Call LifeChoice Donor Services at 1-800-874-5215

41
Every day, 17 people in the United States die waiting for organ transplants. Currently, there
are over 120,000 total patients waiting for an organ transplant in the United States.
Thousands more await life enhancing tissue transplants.

When you use the Internet to renew your license or ID, or order a duplicate license or ID, you will have
the choice to give $2 to the Organ and Tissue Donor Registration Fund. This $2 will be added to the
renewal or duplicate fee.

Note: The RMV is required by law to provide certain information identifying organ and
tissue donors to federally-designated organ procurement organizations and other federally
registered non-profit eye and tissue banks serving the Commonwealth.

Organ Donor FAQs (see Mass.Gov/RMV for more FAQs)

Q. What does the heart symbol on my license/ID represent?
A. It indicates that you are in the Massachusetts Donor Registry and have consented to
organ/tissue donation.
Q. Can I be an organ/tissue donor if I don’t have the heart symbol on my license/ID?
A. Yes. You can register as an organ/tissue donor anytime on Mass.Gov/RMV. You
don’t need to get a new license/ID. Your license/ID won’t have the heart symbol, but
your name will be in the Donor Registry’s database. When it is time to get a new
license/ID, the heart symbol will then be printed on it.
Q. What is the Massachusetts Donor Registry?
A. The Donor Registry is a database that contains the names of everyone who has
signed up to be an organ and tissue donor at the RMV. The database is checked (via
computer) when necessary. This eliminates the need to look for a donor card or a
license that could be misplaced or lost.
Q. Do you need to carry a donor card with your license (in addition to the heart symbol)?
A. No, you do not need to carry a donor card if you have the heart symbol on your
license. The heart symbol indicates that you are in the Massachusetts Donor Registry
and have consented to organ/tissue donation. The Donor Registry is checked whenev-
er an individual becomes a potential candidate for donation.
Q. Will it cost my family anything if I donate organs/tissues?
A. Organ and tissue donation is completely free. A donor’s family is not charged.

42
Keeping Your
License

Driving in Massachusetts is a privilege. It is not a right. You earn

driving privileges by passing a learner’s permit exam and a road
test. These tests prove that you can operate a motor vehicle safely
and within the law. Once you have earned your driver’s license, you
are responsible for your actions as a driver.
The RMV tracks your history as a driver. This is called your
driving record. It lists three types of events that can cause you
CHAPTER 2
to lose your driving privileges:
• Civil motor vehicle infractions
• Criminal violations
• Motor vehicle crashes where you are found to be more than 50
percent at fault
This chapter explains these three events. It also explains how the
law works and how to avoid losing your driving privileges.

43
The RMV must sometimes suspend or revoke your driver’s license. These situations are
described in this chapter. A suspension or revocation means that your driving privileges are
taken away. It can be for a specific amount of time or it can be indefinite. (See the License
Suspension or Revocation section later in this chapter.)
You cannot renew an expired license if you have unpaid parking violations, unpaid excise
taxes, outstanding court warrants, outstanding E-ZPass/Fast Lane violations, or Tobin
Bridge violations. (See the Reasons for License Nonrenewal section later in this chapter.)

Motor Vehicle Violations and Penalties

When you break a motor vehicle law, you may receive a citation. A citation may require you
to pay a fine, lose your driving privileges, appear in court, or go to jail. Major traffic law
violations are criminal offenses. Examples are driving while intoxicated or leaving the scene
of a crash. They carry strong penalties and could cause you to lose your license. You can
also lose your license by getting several traffic violations. These include driving above the
speed limit or failing to obey traffic signals.
Motor vehicle violations can be civil or criminal. The following sections explain the
differences between the two types. For many violations, the penalties may be stronger if
you have a Junior Operator’s License, you are under 21, you are a repeat offender, or you
are driving with a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL).
Depending on the violation, you may get more than one penalty. These may include a
fine, loss of license, and/or a prison sentence.

Civil Motor Vehicle Infractions

Civil violations, such as not obeying traffic signals or speeding, are noncriminal. They can
usually be settled by paying fines. If you get a citation from a police officer for a civil motor
vehicle infraction (CMVI), you must pay the required fine or request a hearing to dispute it.
You have 20 days to do this. Every fine for a CMVI that comes from Chapter 89 or 90 of the
Massachusetts General Laws will have an added $5 public safety surcharge.
If you request a hearing, you must pay a $25 filing fee to the RMV. You can either send
your payment with the citation when you request a hearing, or you can pay online or by
mail when you receive a letter from the RMV indicating that you owe the fee. If the citation
was issued after September 22, 2017 and you are found NOT RESPONSIBLE by the court
for ALL violations on the civil citation, the $25 filing fee will be refunded.
If you do not respond to a citation within 20 days, you will be found responsible and
charged a large late fee. Failure to pay the citation and late fee will cause your license to be
suspended. When you pay a fine, you accept responsibility for that violation. Your driving
record will show responsibility if you pay the citation by mail, request a hearing and are
ordered by a court to pay the fine, or fail to respond to the citation within 20 days.
The RMV records all moving violations in Massachusetts on your driving record. Moving
violations can increase your motor vehicle insurance rate (see Chapter Six). They may also
cause your license to be suspended.

44
Parking violations are not CMVIs. They are handled by the city or town that issued the
citations or tickets. If you do not pay the violation, you will not be able to renew your driver’s
license or vehicle registration.

You can pay for moving violations using a credit card. Call the RMV Contact Center or visit the
RMV website at Mass.Gov/RMV. Or you can mail the payment to:
RMV Citations - Processing Center, PO Box 55890, Boston, MA, 02205-5890

Speeding Violations
The beginning of Chapter Four explains the speed-limit laws in Massachusetts. The lowest
penalty for driving above the speed limit is a $105 fine. If you drive more than ten miles per
hour (mph) over the speed limit, you must pay an extra $10 for each mph you were traveling
above the first ten. For example, if you drive 73 mph on a highway with a posted speed limit of
55 mph, you would get a $185 dollar fine. By law, all fines for speeding violations include a
$50 surcharge. The entire surcharge goes to the Head Injury
Treatment Services Trust Fund.
Speeding is often a factor in motor Your Speed 73 mph
Speed Limit 55 mph
vehicle crashes that cause serious head
18 mph over the limit
injuries. The Legislature created this trust First 10 mph $105
fund to treat people with head injuries. Next 8 mph (8 x 10) = $80
An additional $5 public safety surcharge
$185 total fine
is also added to all speeding violations.
Work Zones
If you are caught speeding in a posted work zone, the speeding fine is doubled.

Your license will be suspended for 30 days if you are found guilty for three speeding violations in
a 12-month period. If you have a Junior Operator’s License, a 1st offense will cause a 90-day
license suspension. Further offenses will cause a one-year license suspension.

Criminal Violations
Criminal motor vehicle violations are serious offenses. If you commit a criminal motor vehicle
violation, you may be arrested immediately, your vehicle may be towed, your license may be
taken away, and you may be sent to jail until you go to court. If you are convicted of a
criminal motor vehicle offense, the court will set any fine or prison term.
Criminal motor vehicle offenses include driving with a suspended license, operating under the
influence (OUI), and leaving the scene of a crash. The License Suspension or Revocation
section of this chapter has tables that list the penalties for many criminal motor vehicle offenses.
A police officer may arrest you and you may face criminal charges if you refuse to…
• Give your name and address
• Give the name and address of the person who owns the vehicle
• Show your driver’s license
• Show a valid registration certificate for the vehicle
• Sign your name in front of the officer
45
Out-of-State Violations
Out-of-state motor vehicle violations impact your record just as if they occurred in Massachusetts.
• Do not ignore out-of-state violations. Failure to pay or appear in another jurisdiction for
a violation will impact your license status and right to operate a motor vehicle in
Massachusetts.
• Out-of-state violations result in some or all of the following penalties: immediate
suspension or revocation of your driving privileges until your obligations are met;
payment of reinstatement fees; increased insurance premiums; required driver
retraining classes; and/or a mandatory suspension period.
• The RMV applies Massachusetts suspension penalties for out-of-state violations. In
some cases, the Massachusetts penalty may be stricter than the penalty imposed by
the other state.
• If your driving privileges are suspended, you must present proof to the RMV that you
resolved your out-of-state obligations, and pay a reinstatement fee (minimum of $100)
to Massachusetts before your Massachusetts license can be reinstated.

At-Fault Crashes
Your driving record is also affected if you are at fault in a motor vehicle crash. You are more
than 50 percent at fault for a crash if your insurance company...
1. Finds you at fault according to one of the 19 Standards of Fault. These are listed at the
end of Chapter Six. One example is causing a crash while driving on the wrong side of
the road. Another example is crashing into another vehicle from behind.
and
2. Has paid more than $1000 for collision, limited collision, or damage to someone else’s
property or has paid more than $1000 for bodily injury (if there is no collision or
damage to someone else’s property over $1000 from the same incident).
All at-fault crashes you are charged with are listed on your driving record. At-fault crashes
and motor vehicle violations count toward possible license suspension.

Surchargeable Events
Motor vehicle violations and at-fault crashes are called surchargeable events. Each
surchargeable event counts toward a possible license suspension. Most out-of-state traffic
convictions count as if they took place in Massachusetts.
If you are found guilty for three speeding violations within a 12-month period, your
license will be suspended automatically for 30 days. The 12-month period starts
when you either pay or are found guilty for the first citation.
A Junior Operator license (for drivers under age 18) will be suspended for 90 days
for a first speeding citation and one year for any later citation. For a first drag racing
citation, a Junior Operator license will be suspended for one year. A later drag racing
citation will cause a three year suspension.
46
If you have three surchargeable events within a two-year period, your license may be
suspended. The RMV will send you a letter telling you to complete a Driver Retraining
course (see the next section). You must complete the retraining course within 90 days or
your license will be suspended until you complete the course.
If you have seven surchargeable events within a three-year period, your license will
be suspended automatically for 60 days.
Surchargeable events also affect your motor vehicle insurance. The Merit Rating Board
runs the Safe Driver Insurance Plan (SDIP). Under SDIP, your insurance premium is
determined by your driving record. If you are a safe driver, your rate may go down. Your
rate will increase if you are convicted of moving violations, or if you are more than 50
percent at fault in a crash (see Chapter Six for more information).

Driver Retraining Course

If you get three or more surchargeable events on your driving record within a two-year period,
you must complete the Massachusetts Driver Retraining Course. If you do not, your license
will be suspended. This course does not teach driving skills. It helps you learn to change your
driving behavior.
To enroll in a Driver Retraining course, call the National Safety Council at 1-800-215-1581.
After you are told by the RMV that you have three or more surchargeable events, you will
be sent a driver retraining information packet. This packet has information about the course,
the fees, and how to enroll. The eight-hour retraining program is held at many locations
throughout the state. It is two four-hour sessions. However, one eight-hour Saturday
session may be available in your area.
Completing the Driver Retraining course does not remove offenses or surcharges from your driving
record. It also does not replace any other requirements. For example, if you were convicted of
drunk driving, you may also have to complete an alcohol treatment or education program.

Driving Records
An attested copy of a Massachusetts Public Driving Record is suitable for official purposes
and is stamped to indicate it is an authentic RMV document. An attested copy of a driving
record can be issued in all RMV Service Centers, by phone, by mail, or by the Court Records
Department at 136 Blackstone Street, Boston MA. The cost of an attested driving record is
$20. You can pay this by check, money order, or cash in a service center, or by VISA,
MasterCard, Discover, or American Express over the Internet or by phone. To order by phone,
call the RMV Contact Center. To order by mail, send a written request with your name, date of
birth, driver’s license number, Massachusetts address, and check or money order to the
address below. If you do not need the driving record to be attested, you can order an
unattested driving record for $8 (this option is only available over the Internet).
Checks or money orders must be payable to MassDOT. Make sure your name, address, and
driver’s license number are printed on your check. If you live out of state, please indicate
where you want your driving record mailed.
In fall of 2016, sections of Chapter 64 of the Acts of 2016 took effect limiting the public release
47
of certain drug offense information, as well as expired warrant and child support information,
that previously displayed on Public Driving Records. For information on accessing an RMV
document containing these offenses, call Court Records at 857-368-8195 or visit Court
Records in-person at the Haymarket RMV Service Center, 136 Blackstone Street, Boston MA.
All fees are subject to change at any time.

Driver Control/ Court Records, Registry of Motor Vehicles, P.O. Box 55896 Boston, MA 02205-5896
If you order a driving record by mail or phone, it may take ten business days to get it.

License Suspension or Revocation

The Registry of Motor Vehicles can suspend or revoke your driver’s license. This can be
done by Massachusetts law or when you are seen as a threat to public safety. Some motor
vehicle violations require your license to be suspended or revoked immediately. Your
license can also be suspended or revoked if you commit a number of moving violations or if
you are at fault in a number of crashes.

Reasons for License Suspension

The RMV must sometimes suspend or revoke a driver’s license. The charts in this section
show when a suspension is mandatory. The RMV can also choose to suspend or revoke a
license in the following cases:
• Immediate threat — If the RMV believes that your driving is an immediate threat to
public safety, it can suspend your learner’s permit or driver’s license immediately.
• Improper operation — If you have operated a motor vehicle improperly, the RMV can
suspend your driving privileges.
• Fake ID — Even if you are not convicted, the RMV can suspend your driving privileges
for six months (or one year after a conviction) for the following offenses:
• Transferring, altering, or defacing a license/ID
• Making, using, carrying, selling, or distributing a false license/ID
• Using somebody else’s license/ID
• Furnishing false information to obtain a license/ID
Other Reasons for License Suspensions
Since a driver’s license is a privilege and not a right, the RMV is also required by law to suspend a
driver's license for some reasons not related to driving. For example, your license will be
suspended if you:
• Have failed to pay required child support
• Have an outstanding arrest or default warrant
• Have failed to register as a sex offender
• Have been convicted of certain drug trafficking offenses
• Have failed to pay Massachusetts income tax
• Have made a bad payment to the RMV (for example, you paid with a check that was later
rejected or you paid with a credit card and later canceled the payment with the bank)
If your license was suspended for a bad payment, you must pay the original fee, a license
reinstatement fee, and a $15 fee to clear your bad payment. You can make a reservation to pay at any
RMV Full Service Center. You must either use cash or a certified bank check payable to MassDOT.

48
 Mandatory License Suspensions (18 Years and Older)
Situation Explanation Suspension Period Fee to Reinstate
Three speeding violations/ responsible 30 days $100
Three Speeding findings within any one-year period.
Violations
Any combination of moving violations Must complete Driver Retraining $100
Three and surchargeable crashes that total course within 90 days or license
Surchargeable three surchargeable events within a will be suspended indefinitely until
Events two-year period. course is completed

Any combination of moving violations 60 days $100

Seven and surchargeable crashes that total
Surchargeable seven surchargeable events within a
Events three-year period.

A total of three major moving violations Four years $500

Habitual Traffic or any combination of twelve major or
Offender minor moving violations within a five-year
period.

License has been suspended or revoked Until the out-of-state suspension $100
Out-of-State in another state. is resolved
Suspension

If you have questions about...

• Child support, contact the Department of Revenue’s Child Support Office at 1-800-332-2733.
• Registering as a sex offender, contact the Sex Offender Registry Board at 978-740-6503.

Out-of-State Suspensions
Out-of-state suspensions or revocations affect your Massachusetts license. Your license
will be suspended in Massachusetts until any out-of-state suspension or revocation is
cleared. When your license is reinstated in the other state, you must bring either a
reinstatement letter or a current driving record from that state to any RMV Full Service
Center. You may also need to give additional information. Your reinstatement letter or
driving record cannot be over 30 days old.
Each U.S. state must tell the Massachusetts RMV about any traffic offenses you commit
there. These offenses will be treated as if they happened in Massachusetts if they are
a “like” offense.
To determine a "like" offense, the RMV will look at what the other state's law prohibits. It does not
matter if the other state chose to assess a higher or lower penalty, or treat the offense as a civil or
criminal infraction.
The RMV must apply Massachusetts suspension rules to out-of-state violations, even if the offense
did not cause a suspension in the other state.

When Your License Is Suspended or Revoked. . .

If the RMV suspends or revokes your driver’s license, you must stop driving immediately.
You have lost your driving privileges. It is illegal for you to operate any motor vehicle.
49
 Mandatory PERMIT Suspensions
Junior Operators Only (16 1/2 to 18 years)
Violation Suspension Period Reinstatement Requirements Fee to
Reinstate
Conviction for 60 days— first offense All offenses require you to retake $100
Driving Without a 180 days— second the learner’s permit exam.
Licensed offense Second offense requires a Driver
Driver (c. 90, §8B) One year— Attitudinal Retraining course.
subsequent offenses
Conviction for 60 days— first offense All offenses require you to retake $100
Driving 180 days— second the learner’s permit exam.
During the Night offense Second offense requires a Driver
Restriction One year— Attitudinal Retraining course.
(c. 90, §10) subsequent offenses
(c. 90, §8B)
Conviction 90 days— first offense All offenses require a new learner’s $100
for Speeding One year— second or permit exam.
(c. 90, §17) subsequent offense
(c. 90, §17A)
(c. 90, §18)
Conviction for One year— first All offenses require a new learner’s $500-first
Drag offense permit exam and a Driver Attitudi- offense
Racing Three years— second nal Retraining course. In addition, $1000-
(c. 90, §17B) or subsequent offense you may be required to take a second or
State Courts Against Road Rage subsequent
(SCARR) course.* offense
Conviction for the 60 days— first offense First offense requires a $100 fine, a $100
Use of a Mobile 180 days— second new learner’s permit exam, and a
Electronic Device offense Driver Attitudinal Retraining Course.
(text or phone) One year— The fine is $250 for a second
(c. 90, §8M) subsequent offenses offense and $500 for a third offense.

Conviction 180 days—- first Second and subsequent offenses $500

for Negligent offense require a new learner’s permit exam.
Operation and In- One year— second or
jury from Mobile subsequent offense
Phone Use
(c. 90, §24)
Note: In addition to any other penalty required by law, Massachusetts General Laws chapter 90, section
24p requires that any Junior Operator who is convicted of Operating Under the Influence (OUI), Operating
to Endanger, Leaving the Scene of a Crash, Drinking from an Open Alcohol Container, OUI with Serious
Bodily Injury, Unauthorized Use of a Motor Vehicle, Reckless/Negligent Operation, Loaning/ Allowing Another
to Use Your License or Learner’s Permit, or Motor Vehicle Homicide will face a 180 day suspension (in
addition to any other suspension required by law) for a first offense, or a one year suspension for any
subsequent offense. This additional suspension only applies to Junior Operators, and only in cases in
which they did not already receive an additional suspension for failing or refusing a breath test.

In addition to the penalties listed, your parent or guardian will be notified of the suspension.

50
 Mandatory LICENSE Suspensions
Junior Operators Only (16 1/2 to 18 years)
Violation Suspension Reinstatement Requirements Fee to
Period Reinstate
Conviction for 60 days— first offense Second and subsequent offenses require a $100
Violating the 180 days— second Driver Attitudinal Retraining course.
Passenger or Night offense Third and subsequent offenses require a
One year— new learner’s permit exam and road test.
Restriction
subsequent offenses
(c. 90, §8) (c. 90, §10)
Conviction 90 days— first offense All offenses require a new learner’s permit $500
for Speeding One year— second or exam, a Driver Attitudinal Retraining course,
(c. 90, §17) subsequent offense and a new road test. In addition, you may be
(c. 90, §17A) required to take a State Courts Against Road
(c. 90, §18) Rage (SCARR) course.*

Conviction for Drag One year— first All offenses require a new learner’s permit $500-first
Racing offense exam, a Driver Attitudinal Retraining course, offense
(c. 90, §17B) Three years— second and a new road test. In addition, you may be $1000-second
or subsequent offense required to take a State Courts Against Road or subsequent
Rage (SCARR) course.* offense
Conviction for 180 days— first Second and subsequent offenses require a $500
Driving offense new learner’s permit exam and a new road
Negligently or One year— second or test.
subsequent offense
Recklessly/
(within a three year
Operating to period)
Endanger
(c. 90, §24)
Conviction for the 60 days— first offense First offense requires a $100 fine, a new $100
Use of a Mobile 180 days— second learner’s permit exam, a Driver Attitudinal
Electronic Device offense Retraining Course, and a new road test. The
One year— fine is $250 for a second offense and $500
(text or phone)
subsequent offenses for a third offense.
(c. 90, §8M)
Conviction for 180 days— first Second and subsequent offenses require a $500
Negligent Opera- offense new learner’s permit exam and a new road
tion and Injury from One year— second or test.
subsequent offense
Mobile Phone Use
(c. 90, §24)
Note: In addition to any other penalty required by law, Massachusetts General Laws chapter 90, section
24p requires that any Junior Operator who is convicted of Operating Under the Influence (OUI), Operating
to Endanger, Leaving the Scene of a Crash, Drinking from an Open Alcohol Container, OUI with Serious
Bodily Injury, Unauthorized Use of a Motor Vehicle, Reckless/Negligent Operation, Loaning/Allowing Another
to Use Your License or Learner’s Permit, or Motor Vehicle Homicide will face a 180 day suspension (in
addition to any other suspension required by law) for a first offense, or a one year suspension for any
subsequent offense. This additional suspension only applies to Junior Operators, and only in cases in
which they did not already receive an additional suspension for failing or refusing a breath test.
*A Massachusetts JOL License or Permit holder that commits certain categories of motor vehicle violations
is required under law to complete the SCARR program. Drivers may also be mandated to complete SCARR
as assigned by a specific court. A Junior Operator will only be required to take the SCARR course one time.
Visit Mass.Gov/RMV for more information.
51
 For more information on, or to register for, a Driver Attitudinal Retraining course or a State Courts
Against Road Rage (SCARR) course, visit Mass.Gov/RMV and click on “Teens and Parents.”

Criminal Offenses and Suspensions

Criminal Conviction Suspension Fee to
Period Reinstate
Operating a motor vehicle with a suspended or revoked license 60 days–One year $500
Operating a motor vehicle without the owner’s authority / larceny of a motor One–Three years $500
vehicle
Leaving the scene of a crash when a person is injured One–Two years $500

Leaving the scene of a crash involving property damage 60 days–One year $500
Operating to endanger 60 days–One year $500
Motor vehicle homicide 15 years–Lifetime $500
Vehicular manslaughter 15 years–Lifetime $500
Operating under the influence of alcohol or drugs One year (first) $500 (first)
Two years (second) $700 (second)
Eight years (third) $1200 (third)
Ten years (fourth) $1200 (fourth)
Lifetime (fifth) N/A
Any drug trafficking related conviction (except a Class D substance) One–Five years $100
(Operation of a vehicle is not required)

Defacing real or personal property, spraying paint or applying stickers or One year (or delay $100
other graffiti (Operation of a vehicle is not required) of one year in ob-
taining a License)
Drag racing (by drivers over the age of 18) 30 days-180 days $500 - $1,000
Negligent Operation and Injury from Mobile Phone Use 60 days–One year $500

Many of the offenses in the chart above may also require you to serve time in jail.

Additional suspension periods will apply to many of the offenses in the chart above when Junior
Operators commit them and alcohol or drugs are involved. For more information, see the Under 21
Alcohol Offenses section later in this chapter.

Customers serving a mandatory suspension for certain drug trafficking offenses may seek a
hardship license at any time during their suspension period.

Driving Without a License

It is illegal to drive in Massachusetts without a valid driver’s license or permit.

Driving With a Suspended License

If your license or permit has been suspended or revoked for any reason, it is not valid. You
are not allowed to drive in Massachusetts or anywhere else. Driving with a suspended or
revoked license is a criminal motor vehicle violation. You may face a large fine and/or
jail sentence, as well as additional penalties.
52
License Reinstatement
To reinstate your driver’s license or right to operate a motor vehicle, you may need a
hearing. You have the right to a hearing with a Hearings Officer. Visit Mass.Gov/RMV for
hearing information and to schedule a hearing. The Hearings Officer will then call you and
conduct the hearing by phone.
During your hearing, the Hearings Officer will review your case. This will include your
driving record and all laws and regulations that apply. Most suspensions are mandatory,
and the hearing is only about whether the law is being applied correctly.
Once you have been found guilty or responsible, the facts of the case are not important.
The Hearings Officer will not be able to prevent a valid suspension. The Hearings Officer
may take up to ten business days before making a decision.
You must pay a fee to reinstate a suspended or revoked license. Most fees are $100.
Fees for suspensions caused by serious offenses may be as high as $1,200.
For license suspensions of two years or more, you must also pass a learner’s permit
exam and road test to reinstate your license. You must provide identification documents
to take a learner’s permit exam and road test (see Identification Requirements section of
Chapter One).
All fees are subject to change at any time.

Alcohol, Drugs, and Driving

The facts are simple. You cannot drive safely after drinking alcohol or taking other drugs.
Alcohol is a drug. It is a depressant that affects your vision, reaction time, coordination, and
judgment. Even small amounts of alcohol or other drugs can lower the mental and physical
abilities you need to drive safely. This includes some over-the-counter medicines. You do
not have to be drunk or completely intoxicated to be a dangerous driver.
Safety must always be your first responsibility. If you take any substance that affects your
awareness and your reflexes, you are no longer safe to drive.
Each year in the United States, alcohol causes nearly 40% of all highway deaths. This does
not include the thousands of drivers, passengers, and pedestrians who are seriously hurt or
permanently disabled. It does not include the millions of dollars of damage. It does not
include the tragedies that friends and families must face. All of this is caused by drivers
operating under the influence (OUI) of alcohol or drugs.
Because driving under the influence is so dangerous, Massachusetts has very strong penalties
for OUI violations. The chart on the next page shows the penalties for each OUI conviction.

53
 Penalties for Operating a Motor Vehicle Under the Influence of Alcohol or Drugs

Conviction Fine Prison Term License Suspension

First Offense $500–$5,000 Maximum 21/2 years One Year
For your first offense, the court may allow you to complete an alcohol education Over 21,
course to reduce your license suspension period. 45–90 days,
Under 21,
210 days

Second Offense $600–$10,000 Minimum 30 days Two years

Maximum 21/2 years

Third Offense (Felony) $1,000–$15,000 Minimum 150 days Eight years

Maximum Five years

Fourth Offense $1,500–$25,000 Minimum One year Ten years

(Felony) Maximum Five years

Fifth Offense $2,000–$50,000 Minimum Two years Lifetime

(Felony) Maximum Five years

Alcohol
Whether it’s beer, wine, or hard liquor, alcohol is a depressant. It slows your reflexes,
increases the time you need to react, and distorts your vision and judgment. Alcohol
also often makes you feel more confident. This can cause you to take chances while driving
that you normally wouldn’t take. This is a dangerous combination that often leads to serious
motor vehicle crashes and tragic deaths.
In addition to the fines listed in this chart, you will have to pay any RMV reinstatement fees before
you can get your license back.

Even one alcoholic drink in an hour can affect your driving. It can be much worse if you are
tired, emotionally upset, or haven’t eaten. No one is immune to alcohol. After drinking, your
ability to drive safely is impaired. It does not matter how much you try to be careful or
concentrate. There is still a drug inside your body affecting you physically and mentally.

Blood Alcohol Content

When you drink alcohol, your body works hard to remove it from your system. You do not
digest alcohol as you do food. Alcohol is processed by your liver and kidneys. This takes
time. There is no quick way to sober up or to get the alcohol out of your body. Drinking black
coffee, taking a cold shower, exercising, or eating might make you feel more alert after
drinking alcohol. However, none of these actions affect how quickly alcohol leaves your body.

54
 License Suspension Periods for Failed Chemical Tests
All drivers will fail a chemical test if they have a Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) of 0.08 or greater. Drivers under
21 have the same standard for criminal purposes, but will face administrative sanctions for tests with a BAC as
low as 0.02.
AGE LICENSE SUSPENSION
Drivers over age 21 License is suspended for 30 days or until the conclusion of the court
case, whichever is shorter. The suspension will end if the case is con-
cluded either before or during the 30-day period. If the court finds you
guilty, you will then face whatever sanctions ordered by the court.
Drivers age 18 to 21 License is suspended for 30 days, plus an additional 180 days, pursuant
to MGL c.90, s. 24P. If this is your first operating under the influence
case, the 180-day suspension can be waived upon entry into a Depart-
ment of Public Health (DPH) approved alcohol education program.
Drivers under age 18 License is suspended for 30 days, plus an additional one year, pursuant
to MGL c.90, s. 24P. If this is your first operating under the influence
case, the one-year suspension can be reduced to 180 days upon entry
into a Department of Public Health (DPH) approved alcohol education
program.
Note: The additional 180-day or one-year suspension for drivers under age 21 is designed to get youths
charged with operating under the influence, or with having a BAC of 0.02 or higher, to undergo alcohol educa-
tion. It does not matter what happens with your court case. Even if you win the case, it will not change
the requirement for you to take the alcohol education course.

Ideally, if you have any alcoholic beverage, you should not drive. Knowing what is “too much”
alcohol can be difficult. The amount of unprocessed alcohol in your body is measured as
blood alcohol content (BAC). This can be measured by a blood or a breath test. Your BAC
depends on several factors:
• Your body weight
• How much alcohol you had to drink
• The amount of food you ate before drinking
• The length of time you have been drinking alcohol
• The speed your body processes alcohol (everyone processes alcohol differently)
The kind of beverage you drink does not matter. What is important is the amount of alcohol
you drink over a period of time. Each of the following drinks contain about the same
amount of alcohol (about 1/2 ounce) (source: National Institutes of Health):
• 12 ounce beer
• Five ounce glass of wine
• One and a half ounce serving of 80-proof liquor (even if mixed with a soft drink)
Any one of these drinks can raise an average person’s BAC by 0.02. If you have more than
one drink in an hour, your BAC will rise. Only time will rid you of the effects of alcohol.

55
Alcohol Tests
Massachusetts has an Implied Consent Law. Every licensed driver in the state must agree
to consent to a breathalyzer or blood test in certain cases. If a police officer believes you
are operating under the influence of alcohol, he/she has the right to ask you to...

• Perform a field sobriety test

• Submit to a breathalyzer or blood test to calculate your BAC, if you have been arrested
You are operating above the legal limit if you have a BAC of 0.08 or higher. Massachusetts
has a “zero-tolerance” law for drivers under 21. Any driver under 21 will face penalties for
having a BAC of 0.02 or higher.
If your BAC is above the legal limit OR if you refuse a breathalyzer or blood test, the
police officer must take away your license. You will be given a notice of suspension, which
is effective immediately. See the charts on pages 57 and 59 for the suspension periods.

Under-21 Alcohol Offenses

Drivers under age 21 are twice as likely as other drivers to be involved in alcohol-
related crashes. This is one reason why laws are stronger for under-21 drivers.
Massachusetts has a “zero-tolerance” law. If you are under 21 and are caught with a BAC
as low as 0.02 while driving, you will lose your license.

Ignition Interlock Devices

If you had two or more operating under the influence offenses and are eligible for a
hardship license or for license reinstatement, you must have an Ignition Interlock Device. It
must be attached to your motor vehicle at your expense.
If you get a hardship license, you must use the device the entire time you have the
hardship license. You must keep using the device for two more years after your license
has been reinstated.
If your license is eligible for reinstatement, the device is required for two years. This two-
year period is mandatory (even if you used the device with a hardship license). If you don’t
have the device installed, your license will not be reinstated. If you do not obey the Ignition
Interlock Law, your license will be revoked and suspended for ten years to life.

The RMV strongly recommends that you arrive prior to 4:00 p.m. for an Ignition Interlock Device hearing.

The RMV provides a list of vendors who install the device. Once it is installed, you must
pass a breath test before starting the vehicle. A blood alcohol reading greater than 0.02 will
prevent the vehicle from starting. Every 30 days, you must return to the vendor for a service
visit. The vendor will upload and transfer data from the device to the RMV. This law protects
both the public and the driver. Most states now use this technology.
A $30 RMV fee (in addition to the device distributor fees) must be paid at each service visit
for the entire time a driver is required to have the Ignition Interlock Device. This fee is per
driver, not per vehicle.
56
 License Suspension Periods for Refusing a Chemical Test

Note: For this table, a prior operating under the influence (OUI) offense refers to a court conviction for
OUI or a court-ordered assignment to an alcohol education program. Chemical test refusals do not count
as prior OUI offenses.

AGE LICENSE SUSPENSION

No Prior OUI Offenses 180 days

One Prior OUI Offense Three years

Drivers over age 21
Two Prior OUI Offenses Five years

Three or More Prior OUI Offenses Lifetime

No Prior OUI Offenses Three years + 180 days

One Prior OUI Offense Three years + 180 days

Drivers age 18 to 21
Two Prior OUI Offenses Five years + 180 days

Three or More Prior OUI Offenses Lifetime

Note: The additional 180-day suspension for drivers under age 21 is designed to get youths charged with
OUI who refuse a chemical test to undergo alcohol education. It does not matter what happens with your
court case. Even if you win the case, it will not change the requirement for you to take an alcohol
education course. If this is your first OUI case, the 180-day suspension can be waived upon entry into a
Department of Public Health (DPH) approved alcohol education program.

No Prior OUI Offenses Three years + One year

One Prior OUI Offense Three years + One year

Drivers under age 18
Two Prior OUI Offenses Five years + One year

Three or More Prior OUI Offenses Lifetime

Note: The additional one-year suspension for drivers under age 18 is designed to get youths charged with
OUI who refuse a chemical test to undergo alcohol education. It does not matter what happens with your
court case. Even if you win the case, it will not change the requirement for you to take an alcohol
education course. If this is your first OUI case, the one-year suspension can be reduced to 180 days
upon entry into a Department of Public Health (DPH) approved alcohol education program.

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Ignition Interlock Device Road Tests
Road tests can be scheduled by calling the RMV Automated Service Line at
866-MASSRMV (866-627-7768). If you are required to use an Ignition Interlock Device and
it is installed in a vehicle without a center brake or seating for the sponsor, you must call
and request a supervisor to schedule the road test.

Buying, Possessing, or Transporting Alcohol

If you are under 21, it is illegal to...
• Buy alcohol or have someone buy it for you
• Possess, carry, or transport alcohol unless accompanied by a parent or guardian
Your license will be suspended for 90 days to one year for breaking either of these laws.
There are also fines and other penalties. If you are under 21 and you buy, or try to buy,
alcohol, your license will be suspended for 180 days.

Open Container Law

You may not drink alcohol while driving. You may not have an open alcoholic drink inside
your vehicle, even if someone else is holding it. If you are convicted of this offense, you will
be fined $100 to $500. If you are under 21, you will be arrested, fined, and your license will
be suspended.

False or Altered Licenses/Identification Cards

It is illegal to use a false license or ID, to alter a license or ID, or to use another person’s
license or ID. It is also illegal to use false information to obtain a license or ID. In most
cases, these are felonies with serious penalties. You can face penalties even if you do not
attempt to purchase alcohol. M.G.L.c.90,§22(e) allows the RMV to suspend your license or
right to operate in Massachusetts for up to six months. A conviction is not required. If you
are convicted, your license will be suspended for one year.
Please be aware that purchasing false licenses or IDs through the Internet is dangerous and
often results in identity theft.

Illegal Drugs, Medicine, and Other Controlled Substances

Laws for operating under the influence of alcohol also apply to drugs. Almost any drug can
affect your driving skills. Illegal drugs, prescription medicines, and over-the-counter
medicines can all make it dangerous to drive.

Marijuana
Smoking or eating marijuana makes it more difficult to respond to sights and sounds. This
makes you dangerous as a driver. It lowers your ability to handle a quick series of tasks.
The most serious problem is facing an unexpected event, such as a car coming from a side
street or a child running out from between parked cars. These problems get worse after
dark, because marijuana also causes a bad loss of night vision.

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Massachusetts law has decriminalized certain aspects of possession and/or use of
marijuana. However, operating a motor vehicle while under the influence of
marijuana is still illegal!
It is very important for all drivers of any age to note that operating a motor vehicle
while under the influence of marijuana remains a criminal offense.
The chart “Penalties for Operating a Motor Vehicle Under the Influence of Alcohol or
Drugs” in this chapter STILL APPLIES TO MARIJUANA and should be reviewed
carefully.

Other Drugs
Many other drugs and controlled substances can decrease your ability to drive:
• Illegal hard drugs, like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), heroin, and opium, make you
feel unaware of where you are. You also feel like you don’t care.
• Prescription sedatives and tranquilizers make you drowsy. This makes you a dangerous
driver.
• Most medicines taken for colds, hay fever, or headaches can make you drowsy. Pain
killers and medicines with codeine can be very dangerous.
You can be considered OUI with prescription drugs. It is illegal to operate a motor vehicle while
impaired by any substance.

• Stimulants like pep pills, speed, cocaine, and diet pills make you feel more awake and
aware for a short time. However, this is always followed by fatigue, nervousness,
dizziness, and a lack of concentration. They can also affect your vision.
• Inhaling substances like solvents or glue vapors is a serious health risk. It can leave
you unable to operate a motor vehicle properly.
Make sure you read labels carefully and know the side effects of prescription or over-the-
counter medicines. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you’re not sure.
Combining alcohol with other drugs dramatically increases the negative effects. Do
not mix alcohol, drugs, and driving. It’s a fatal mistake.

Reasons for License Nonrenewal

The RMV will refuse to renew your license if you have...

• Unpaid fines for parking violations
• Citations for abandoned vehicles
• Unpaid excise tax due to your local community
• Outstanding court warrants
• Unpaid Massachusetts, Maine, or New Hampshire E-ZPass/Fast Lane toll violations
• Unpaid Tobin Bridge violations
Before renewing, you must present official release forms. They must show that all fines and
taxes have been paid to local communities or that outstanding warrants have been satisfied.
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For an outstanding court warrant, a recall notice from the court is required. No other
documents will be accepted by the RMV.
Unpaid parking tickets and excise taxes must be paid to local cities and towns.
The RMV can only collect E-ZPass/Fast Lane violations that are 60 or more days delinquent.
This means that at least 60 days have passed since the date the violation was issued.
For more information, call the E-ZPass Violation Processing Center at 1-877-627-7745.
Tobin Bridge violations issued by MassDOT can be paid by calling 617-561-6180 or at:
MassDOT Tobin Bridge Violations
145 Havre Street
East Boston, MA 02128

Tobin Bridge violations issued by MassPORT can be paid in-person at:

Terminal C
Lower Level
Logan International Airport
East Boston, MA 02128

Tobin Bridge violations can be paid by mail to:

Parking Violations
1 Harborside Drive
Suite 200S
East Boston, MA 02128

License Suspension
You cannot renew your license if it is suspended or revoked. See the License Suspension
or Revocation section of this chapter for more information.

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Safety First

Motor vehicle crashes are the number one cause of death of children
and young adults in America. About one in three Americans will be
injured or killed in a motor vehicle crash.
One in three.
Chances are good that you will be in a motor vehicle crash sometime
in your life. It does not matter how good a driver you are. You can
never predict when a crash might happen. CHAPTER 3
This chapter explains motor vehicle safety laws. It also gives tips on
how to avoid serious trouble.

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 Passenger Vehicle Safety
Passenger vehicles, including vans and pickup trucks, must have working safety equipment.
Each passenger vehicle must have all of the following:
• A safety belt for the driver and all passengers
• A mirror
• A horn
• A lock for the engine’s ignition
• Windshield wipers
• An exhaust muffler
• A foot brake and a parking brake
Each passenger vehicle must also have lights for driving in the dark. There must be two
approved white headlights in the front, two approved red lights in the back, and directional
signals. The vehicle must also have three red stop (brake) lights in the back and a small
white light above the back license plate.
The Highway Assistance Patrol (HAP) provides help to stranded drivers. It is operated by the
MassDOT-Highway Division and sponsored by MAPFRE | Commerce Insurance.
For more information, visit MassDOT.State.MA.US/Highway/TrafficTravelResources/
EmergencyRoadsideAssistance.aspx

If the directional signals or brake lights on your vehicle stop working, you must have
them fixed right away. Until they are fixed, you must use hand signals when turning
or slowing (see Chapter Four for hand-signal diagrams).
Every vehicle must pass an annual safety and emissions inspection. For details, see Chapter Six.
A passenger vehicle may have a spot light that can only be used to read signs or as an
emergency light if the headlights are not working. A spot light can only shine two feet above
the roadway 30 feet away from your vehicle.
Emergency lights (flashing, rotating, oscillating, or strobe lights) are not allowed on a
vehicle unless you get a permit from the RMV.
Some equipment and changes to your vehicle are illegal. For more information, see Chapter Six.

Glass tinting is allowed on passenger vehicles, but there are restrictions. You can darken
your side and rear windows up to 35 percent. It is illegal to tint your windshield.

Safety/Seat Belt Law

In 2015, 9,874 people who were not wearing a safety belt were killed in crashes in the
United States.
Massachusetts law requires every person in a passenger motor vehicle (including
vans and small trucks under 18,000 lbs.) to wear a safety belt or sit in a child
passenger restraint.
• Any driver who is not wearing a safety belt can be fined $25. Any passenger 16 years
old or older who is not wearing a safety belt can be fined $25.
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• A driver can also be fined $25 for each passenger age 12, 13, 14, or 15 who is not
wearing a safety belt.
You can only get a fine for the safety belt law when you are stopped for
a traffic violation. The following people do not need to wear safety belts:
• Drivers and passengers of vehicles made before July 1966
• Drivers of taxis, liveries, tractors, buses, and trucks with gross
weights of 18,000 pounds or more (However, drivers of some
commercial motor vehicles do need to wear safety belts.)
• Passengers of emergency vehicles and drivers of police and fire vehicles
An air bag works
• An employee of the U.S. Postal Service who is driving a motor better if you are
vehicle while working wearing your safety
• A person who physically cannot wear a safety belt because of a belt.
disability. A physician must certify that the person has this disability.
A crash can happen any time. The best way to protect yourself is to always wear your
safety belt. Safety belts save lives for both drivers and passengers.

Child Passenger Restraints

Infants and small children must sit in federally approved child passenger restraints until they...
1. Are at least eight years old or
2. At least fifty-seven inches tall
Children at least eight years old or at least fifty-seven inches tall must wear safety belts.
The safety belts must be used correctly. You can be fined $25 for breaking this law.
The child restraint must have a sticker that says it meets the necessary standards (U.S.
Department of Transportation’s Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 213 or the
standards in 49 C.F.R. 571.213). The restraint must be permanently attached to a motor
vehicle or attached by a safety belt or an attachment system.
Never put a back-facing child safety seat in the front passenger seat if your vehicle has an
air bag for that seat.
The safest place for a child to sit is in the back seat. The back middle seat is best. Infant seats
must face the back of the vehicle.

To find a certified Child Passenger Safety Technician to help attach a

child safety seat, call 1-877-392-5956 or go to Mass.Gov/Highwaysafety.

Use your child’s height and weight to pick the right safety seat. Each seat is different. Check the
manufacturer instructions for exact height and weight limits.

Guide to Child Safety Seats

Infant seat up to 20 pounds

Toddler convertible seat 20–40 pounds

Booster seat 40–80 pounds

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How Safety/Seat Belts Work
Safety belts stop you from being thrown around or out of your vehicle in a crash. It is best
to wear both lap and shoulder belts. When worn correctly, safety belts lower the chance of
death or serious injury in a crash by about 50 percent.
In a crash, a safety belt can help in many ways.
• Stop you from hitting the windshield, dashboard, steering wheel, or other hard
parts of the vehicle.
Your vehicle will stop moving if it crashes head on. If
you are not wearing a safety belt, your body will
keep moving until it hits something hard, like the
windshield. Your safety belt will stop you from hitting
the windshield or other passengers.
• Stop you from being thrown out of the vehicle.
Lap and shoulder belts keep you protected inside The right way to The wrong way to
your vehicle. This makes your chance of wear a safety belt. wear a safety belt.
surviving a crash five times better.
• Help you stay seated and in control of the vehicle. When you wear a safety belt,
you can stay behind the wheel and avoid a worse crash. The safety belt will stop you
from being pushed across the seat.
Hitting the windshield at 30 mph is like falling from the third story of a building and hitting the
pavement.
A lap belt should fit low, tight, and flat over the hips. It should not be twisted. A shoulder belt
should be worn across the shoulder and chest. A shoulder belt should never be worn under
the arm or across the face or neck.

Myths About Safety/Seat Belts

Safety belts save lives and prevent injuries in a crash. Stories about the “dangers” or
“hassles” of safety belts are simply not true.
“I’ll be trapped inside the car if I’m wearing a safety belt in a crash.”
Cars don’t catch fire or sink in water very often. If it does happen, wearing a safety belt
helps you not hit your head and lose consciousness. If you stay conscious, you can undo
your safety belt and get out. Even if you’re upside down, it takes less than a second to
undo your belt.
“My car has air bags, so I don’t need to wear a safety belt.”
An air-bag is made to work with safety belts, not instead of them. You still need to wear a
safety belt when you drive. Front air bags are only made for head-on crashes and do not
protect you in crashes from the side or back.
“I’m only driving a short distance. I don’t need to wear my safety belt.”
Most motor vehicle crashes happen less than 25 miles from home. Eight out of ten crashes
happen at speeds of 40 mph or less. Don’t take chances. Always wear your safety belts.
64
“I’m only going to the store. It’s too much trouble to put kids in child safety seats.”
Motor vehicle crashes are the easiest cause of child death to prevent. Most kids killed in
car crashes would have lived if they were properly put in child safety seats. Take the extra
minute to put your children into their seats before driving.

Children and small pets are often killed or injured when they are crushed by adults not wearing safety
belts during a crash.

Air-Bag Safety
When used with lap and shoulder safety belts, air bags are very good at saving adult lives.
You should follow these procedures with air bags.
• Children in back. Infants in back-facing child safety seats should never be in the front
seat of a vehicle with a passenger-side air bag. Children are always safest when riding
in the back seat.
• Child safety seats. Infants and young children should always sit in child safety seats
that are right for their age and size. For more information, see the Child Passenger
Restraint Law section earlier in this chapter.
• Air bags do not replace safety belts. You should always wear both lap and shoulder
belts. For more information, see the Safety Belt Law and How Safety Belts Work
sections of this chapter.
• Move the front seat back. You should move the driver’s seat and front passenger seat
as far back from the dashboard as you can. This is safer and makes it easier to drive.
These tips will help you and your children survive a crash.

Inside the Vehicle

In your vehicle, nothing should get in the way of your ability to see, react, or drive.

Distracting Objects
You cannot have anything inside your vehicle that can prevent you from driving safely.
Nothing inside your vehicle, on your dashboard, on your windshield, or hanging from your
rear view mirror can block your view of the road in front of you or through your mirrors.
Make sure that nothing can roll under your feet and get in the way of your pedals (the
accelerator, clutch, and brake).

Cell Phones/Mobile Electronic Devices

For information on the use of mobile (cell) phones and other mobile electronic devices, see
the Hands-Free Mobile (Cell) Phone Use section on the next page.

Headphones
It is illegal to wear a radio headset, headphones, or any other wired or wireless device that
restricts your attention to the environment while driving. If you are 18 or older, you can use
one earplug for use with a cell phone.

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Televisions
Any television installed in a vehicle must be behind the front seat and not visible to the
driver. A driver cannot be distracted by a television screen, even when looking sideways out
of the vehicle.

Truck Beds
Children under 12 years old are not allowed to ride in the beds of pickup trucks (there are
very limited exceptions, and never at speeds more than five mph).

Hands-Free Mobile (Cell) Phone Use

The use of hand-held mobile electronic devices (including cell phones) while driving is
prohibited in Massachusetts (Chapter 122 of the Acts of 2019).

Drivers 18 and Older

Drivers 18 and older can only use mobile electronic devices in “hands-free” mode while
driving. This means that devices cannot be held, cannot be touched except to activate
“hands-free” mode, and must be installed or mounted to the windshield, dashboard, or
center console and not interfere with driving.
Handheld device use is only allowed if the vehicle is stationary and is not located in a
public travel lane. It is not allowed at red lights or stop signs.
Mobile electronic devices cannot be used to write, send, or read an electronic message
(including text messages, emails, instant messages, or accessing the Internet) while driving.
GPS devices (including cell phones) can be used if the device is affixed, either temporarily
or permanently, in the motor vehicle for the purpose of providing navigation assistance.

Drivers Under 18
Drivers under 18 cannot use any mobile electronic device for any reason while driving. The
only exception is for reporting an emergency.

What is a Mobile Electronic Device?

The law defines a “mobile electronic device” as any hand-held or other portable
electronic equipment capable of providing data communication between 2 or more persons,
including, without limitation, a mobile telephone, a text messaging device, a paging device,
a personal digital assistant, a laptop computer, electronic equipment that is capable of
playing a video game or digital video disk, equipment on which digital photographs are
taken or transmitted or any combination thereof, or equipment that is capable of visually
receiving a television broadcast; provided, however, that mobile electronic device shall not
include any audio equipment or any equipment installed, or affixed, either temporarily or
permanently, in a motor vehicle for the purpose of providing navigation or emergency
assistance to the operator of such motor vehicle or video entertainment to the passengers
in the rear seats of such motor vehicle.

Penalties for Violating the Law

The penalties for using a hand-held mobile electronic device while driving are the following:

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• 1st offense - $100 fine
• 2nd offense - $250 fine, plus mandatory completion of a distracted driving educational
program
• 3rd and subsequent offenses - $500 fine, plus insurance surcharge and mandatory
completion of a distracted driving program

Negligent Operation and Injury from Mobile (Cell) Phone Use

It is a crime to injure a person or damage property because of negligent driving. If you
crash because you were using a mobile electronic device, you will face criminal charges
and lose your license.
Note: Federal regulations restrict the use of hand held mobile (cell) phones while operating a
commercial motor vehicle.

Driving Defensively
Even experienced drivers make mistakes. At some point, you will have to deal with
equipment failures, bad weather, unskilled drivers, unpredictable pedestrians, and drivers
who ignore traffic laws.
To prepare for unpredictable events, you should always drive defensively.
• Always keep good vision in front and around your vehicle.
• Stay alert and prepared for the unexpected.
• Keep your eyes on the road. Taking your eyes off the road even for a split second to
look at a passenger or object inside your car can be very dangerous.
• Keep a safe distance around your vehicle.
• Drive at the right speed and know when to slow down and stop.
• Always wear your safety belt.
• Do not drive if you have been drinking, are on medication, or are very tired.
• Keep your vehicle in good working order.
• Obey the rules of the road and give the right-of-way when appropriate.
Always look ahead of and around you, and check your mirrors often. Be aware of road
conditions and possible hazards in front, to the sides, and behind you.
• Look at everything in front of you. Look for vehicles stopping and watch for people
getting in or out of parked vehicles. Pay close attention to pedestrians or bicyclists
sharing the road with you.
• Expect mistakes from other drivers.
• Watch for back-up lights of vehicles ahead of you.
• Pay close attention to crosswalks. Don’t rely on traffic signals. Other drivers, bicyclists,
and pedestrians may ignore traffic signals.
• Always pay close attention near playgrounds, schoolyards, and shopping centers.
Children, pedestrians, and bicyclists may be hidden from sight.

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• Be aware that pedestrians, bicyclists, and other drivers may not hear you. This is
especially important in crosswalks and parking lots. One out of every five individuals of
driving age is Deaf or Hard of Hearing.
• Remember that right-of-way is something you give. A big part of driving defensively is
giving the right-of-way to prevent unsafe traffic situations.

Your Health and Physical Condition

Have your eyesight checked every year or two. Fix any vision problems immediately. As
you get older, your vision may get worse, or it may become harder to see at night.
You must always stay alert and in control of your vehicle. You need good vision and, if your
hearing has become diminished, you need to be even more visually alert to anticipate
changing driving conditions. You should never drive in the following cases:
• When you have been drinking alcohol
• When you have taken any prescription drug or over-the-counter medication that can
cause drowsiness
• If you are under the influence of any drug
• When you are very tired
• When you are upset. Emotions like anger and depression can cause you to drive carelessly
On bright, sunny days, you should always wear sunglasses.

Checking Your Vehicle’s Condition

Your passenger vehicle or motorcycle must be inspected for safety and emissions every
year (see Chapter Six). Always follow the maintenance procedures recommended by your
vehicle manufacturer. Every time you enter your vehicle or mount your motorcycle, make a
quick visual check for low tire pressure or damage.

Brakes and Tires

Pay close attention to changes in your vehicle when braking. If you think you have a problem,
have your brakes inspected immediately. If you feel the vehicle pull to one side when you
brake, your brakes may need adjustment or repair.
Check your tires for proper inflation and wear. Rotate your tires as often as recommended by
the vehicle or tire manufacturer. It is dangerous and illegal to drive a vehicle with extremely
worn or damaged tires. Tires must have at least 2/32 inches of tread depth in the proper
grooves and no fabric breaks or exposed cords.
The distance between the edge of a penny and the top of Lincoln’s head is about 2/32 of an inch. A
quick way to check your tire tread is to slide a penny into a tread groove. If you can see the top of
Lincoln’s head, your tires are worn out.

Steering
Your steering wheel should not feel loose. There should not be a delay between when you
turn the wheel and your tires respond. With power steering, you should check the fluid level
regularly. If your vehicle makes a high-pitched noise when you turn, you should have your
power steering inspected.
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Lights and Glass
Check your headlights, brake lights, and turn signals regularly. Keep your lights clear of dirt,
snow, and ice. Keep your windows and mirrors clean. Change your windshield wipers if
they streak or fail to clear your windshield properly.

License Plates
You must keep your license plates clean and they cannot be blocked by anything. Your
plate number must be visible from 60 feet at night. Registration stickers must only be
placed in the upper right corner of the plate.

Safe Distances Around Your Car

Always keep enough space between your vehicle and others to give yourself room to stop
safely or avoid hazards.
• Use the "three-second" rule to keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front of you.
Pick an object in front of you, like a sign post or a tree. When the vehicle in front of you
reaches that object, count out "one one-thousand, two one-thousand, three one-
thousand". If you reach the object before you count three, you are too close. Slow down
until you’ve put enough distance between you and the other vehicle.
The three-second rule is a minimum safe distance for good road conditions and moderate traffic.
Count more for added safety and when traffic allows.

• Keep more space behind a motorcycle than you would for another vehicle.
• Keep more space between your vehicle and heavy equipment (for example, dump
trucks, tractors).
• Never cut in front of heavy equipment or tractor-trailers. These vehicles carry more
weight and need much more space to stop safely.
• Never tailgate a vehicle in front of you. Tailgating is illegal and the main cause of rear-
end crashes. The fine for tailgating can be as high as $100.
• If a tailgater is behind you, move to another lane or pull to the side of the road to let the
tailgater pass.
Allow extra space for bad drivers and the following situations:
• Rain, snow, ice, or other poor weather or road conditions
• Blind driveways or obstructed-view driveways or roads
• Drivers backing out of parking spaces or driveways
• Children playing in yards or near the road
Braking and Stopping
Look far ahead so you have enough time to brake and stop safely. The time it takes you to
react, think, and hit the brakes is called reaction time.
It takes about three-quarters of a second to react to a situation and step on the brake
pedal. This time is also measured in feet traveled, or reaction distance.

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Sample stopping distance statistics from How to Drive, A Text for Beginning Drivers by the
American Automobile Association (Ninth Ed.) The white boxes are the reaction time distance and
the black boxes are how far the vehicle travels after you hit the brakes.

At 50 mph, your vehicle will go another 55 feet in the three-quarters of a second it takes to
react. Once you hit the brakes, you may go another 160 feet or more before you stop.
This is your average braking distance on dry, level, clear pavement.
Your total stopping distance is about 215 feet (55 feet + 160 feet). If road conditions are not
clear and dry, your stopping distance will be more.
If your brakes and tires are working and the road is dry and level:
• At 60 mph, it takes about 292 feet (almost a whole football field) to react to a hazard,
step on the brake, and safely stop.
• At just 30 mph, your total stopping distance will be about 104 feet.
These numbers are only for educational purposes, to show that motor vehicles need much
more distance to stop safely than you may imagine. Actual stopping distances change with
road, weather, and vehicle conditions.
Follow these useful braking tips:
• Warn pedestrians, bicyclists, or other drivers of possible trouble. Brake early and gently
when preparing to stop or turn.
• Do not let your foot rest on the brake pedal while driving. (This is called riding your
brakes.)
• If your vehicle has antilock brakes, never pump the brakes. (In 2010, 89% of new cars
and 99% of new light trucks had antilock brakes.)
• Always slow down near a curve or an area where you cannot see clearly ahead.

Using Your Horn, Headlights, and Emergency Signals

It is important to know how to use your vehicle’s safety equipment.
Use your horn to:
• Warn pedestrians or other drivers of possible trouble
• Avoid crashes

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Do not use your horn to:
• Show anger or complain about other drivers’ mistakes
• Try to get a slower driver to move faster
• Try to get other vehicles moving in a traffic jam
You must use your headlights and taillights:
• From one-half hour after sunset until one-half hour before sunrise
• When you cannot clearly see people or vehicles 500 feet ahead due to insufficient light
or weather conditions
• Whenever you use your windshield wipers (daytime running lights are not sufficient)
• In rain, snow, fog, or other weather that makes it hard to see
• Anytime you have trouble seeing other vehicles
• To alert another driver to turn on his/her headlights
• While driving through a tunnel
Use emergency lights and signals when your vehicle breaks down, so other drivers can see
it. Move your vehicle as far to the side of the road as you can. For your own safety, stay off
the road. Never change a flat tire in a traffic lane. Wait for help to arrive.
You can also use your emergency lights to warn drivers behind you about a traffic crash or
hazard. Give other drivers as much warning as possible.

Night Driving
Night driving is more dangerous than daytime driving. Vehicles, pedestrians, and obstacles
may be harder to see. Always be extra careful at night. You must use your headlights from
one-half hour after sunset until one-half hour before sunrise. You should do the following
when driving at night:
• Do not drive when you are tired or drowsy.
• Drive more slowly at night, especially in an unfamiliar area. Keep a speed that will let
you react and stop safely within the distance you can see ahead.
• Keep more space between your vehicle and other vehicles.
• Put your inside rearview mirror in the "night" position. This will reduce the glare from
headlights behind you. Keep inside lights off.
• Do not look straight at headlights. Look to the lower right side of your lane.
• Keep your windows and headlights clean.
• If another driver flashes headlights at you, your headlights may be off or your high
beams may be on.
High Beam Headlights
High beam headlights normally let you see about 350 feet ahead. Low beam headlights
normally let you see about 100 feet ahead.
• Only use high beams in dark areas where you cannot see the road surface ahead.

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• You must lower your high beam headlights to low beam when you are within 500 feet of
an oncoming vehicle or within 200 feet of a vehicle traveling ahead of you.
• If a driver is coming toward you with high beams, you may flick your headlights to
remind the driver to change to low beams. If the driver does not change to low beams,
stay to the right and do not turn on your high beams.

Driving in Rain or Fog

Rain and wet roads make it harder to start, stop, and turn. Hard rain, fog, and mist can also
make it more difficult to see. The law now requires you to use your headlights and taillights
whenever you use your windshield wipers. Daytime running lights are not sufficient.
Slow down as soon as the rain starts. Many roads are most slippery when rain first mixes
with road dirt and oil and forms a greasy film. If a road is slippery, your tires can lose
traction and your car can hydroplane.
Hydroplaning is caused by road conditions, water, and speed. It happens when your tires
are riding on water and have no contact with the road. If your vehicle starts to hydroplane,
you’re driving too fast. Slowly step off the gas pedal. Never hit the brakes or turn suddenly.
You may lose control and skid.
Following are some tips for driving in rain or fog:
• Make more space between your vehicle and others. You need more space to stop your
vehicle. Be prepared to stop quickly and within the distance you can see ahead.
• Be careful of wet leaves on the road. They can be as slippery as ice.
• Keep your windshield wipers and window defoggers in good condition.
• In fog, use your low beam headlights to reduce glare.
• Always use your turn signals.
• If you cannot see the pavement or sign posts, slow down and look for road edge
markings to guide you.
• Do not drive through puddles. Wet brakes do not work right. If you drive through a large
puddle, apply your brakes lightly as soon as you can to dry them until you feel them
working normally again.
The Highway Division has a 511 phone service. You can use this to get up-to-date information
about traffic and weather conditions and construction projects. You can also report problems on
the road. Service is available 24/7.
Dial 511 from your cell phone or 617-986-5511 (Metro-Boston), 508-499-5511 (Central Mass), or
413-754–5511 (Western Mass) from a landline.
For more information, visit MassDOT.State.MA.US/Highway/TrafficTravelResources/
About511Massachusetts.aspx

Winter Driving
Driving in winter is difficult and dangerous for new and experienced drivers. Motor vehicles
run very differently on ice and snow than on warm, dry pavement. You should practice
driving in winter weather.
72
• Lower your speed. Drive carefully and accelerate slowly.
• Never lock your brakes on icy roads. You will lose steering control. If you skid,
remember to turn into the direction of the skid (see Driving Emergencies in Chapter
Five).
• Make more space between your vehicle and others. You need more space to stop
safely on slippery surfaces.
• Be alert for emergency vehicles and yield to plows. Do not crowd plows.
• Bridges and highway overpasses freeze before the rest of the road and can be very
slippery. This is because the ground does not insulate them.
• If it is snowing, start slowly. Test your brakes by tapping them gently to see how much
traction your tires have.
• Keep your windshield wipers and defroster in good condition.
• Remove ALL ice and snow from your vehicle before driving. Clear all windows,
windshield wipers, headlights, and brake lights. It is very important that you clear the
roof, hood, and trunk so ice and snow does not blow into vehicles behind you. If you do
not, you can be charged with negligent operation.
• Keep your gas tank at least half full to prevent the gas line from freezing.
• Keep your windshield washer filled with cleaning fluid that won’t freeze.
• Keep a blanket, flashlight, and small shovel in your trunk.
If you have a truck and plow for compensation, you must have commercial plates.

Pedestrians
One in five motor vehicle deaths involve a pedestrian. Take extra care to look for
pedestrians, especially ones who may be distracted due to cell phones or headphones. Pay
close attention in busy areas with a lot of pedestrians. Be extra careful of:
• Children – Children are unpredictable and hard to see. Be careful near school zones,
parks, bus stops, and playgrounds.
• Joggers and Skaters – Joggers and skaters do not always obey traffic signal and
crosswalk rules.
• Pedestrians, when you’re backing up – Be careful when backing up. Do not just use
vehicle mirrors or sensors. Blind spots may hide people or objects behind the vehicle.
You should turn your head and look out the window before you start to back up. If
children are nearby, get out of your vehicle and check behind it.
• Visually impaired (blind) individuals – Always stop for a blind pedestrian at a street
crossing. Remain stopped until the person has safely crossed. Do not honk or wave the
person on. Never pass another stopped vehicle. Blind pedestrians may use a white
cane or a guide dog. The White Cane Law requires you to stop completely for a blind
pedestrian crossing a street.
• Deaf or Hard of Hearing individuals – It is impossible to visually identify someone
who is Deaf or Hard of Hearing. Do not assume that a pedestrian, bicyclist, or other
driver can hear your car and will yield or move out of the way. It is always safer for you
to yield, even if you have the right of way, than it is to create an unsafe condition.

73
 If you would like information on assistive listening and adaptive devices used by Deaf
and Hard of Hearing individuals, contact the Massachusetts Commission for the Deaf
and Hard of Hearing at Mass.Gov/MCDHH or call 617-740-1600.
• Train and bus stops – Pay close attention at and near mass transit stops, where
pedestrian traffic may be heavier.
• Senior centers – Pay close attention in areas where there are more elderly
pedestrians, such as around senior centers and senior residences. Seniors may have
diminished eyesight and reduced hearing, mobility, and reaction times.
Remember that you must slow down and stop when necessary for a person walking in the
street. Always look ahead for places where pedestrians may be hidden, such as around a
curve, at the top of a hill, or between parked cars.

Bicycles and Mopeds

Bicyclists and moped riders have the same right to use public roadways as
all other drivers (the only exceptions are limited-access or express state
highways with posted signs saying bicycles and mopeds are not allowed).
They must obey the same traffic control and right-of way laws. These
riders can be hard to see in traffic and are not well protected against being hit by vehicles.
When passing a bicycle or moped:
• Lower your speed. The wind caused by your vehicle can throw a rider off balance.
• Leave a lot of room between your vehicle and riders.
• If you don’t have enough room to pass safely, wait for oncoming traffic to pass or for
the lane to get wider.
Dim your headlights at night if a bicyclist is coming toward you. Be aware that a bicyclist or
moped rider might need to swerve suddenly, just like any other driver. Always respect the
rights of a bicyclist or moped rider to use the roadway, as you would respect the rights of
another driver.
When parked on the side of a road, always check carefully for bicycles or mopeds before opening
your vehicle door. See the Danger of Open Doors to Bicyclists section on page 112 for more
information.

Motorcycles
Check Twice, Save A Life • Motorcycles Are Everywhere
Motorcycles are motor vehicles, just like cars and trucks. The number of motorcycles
registered in Massachusetts keeps getting higher. The riding season usually goes from
March through October, but some motorcyclists ride all year. Be aware of motorcycles and
share the road safely.
Motorcycles go as fast as cars and trucks. Riders face extra dangers caused by weather and
road conditions. Motorcycles do not have the safety features of an automobile and the risk of
injury in a crash is much higher.

74
• Changing lanes – On the highway, pay extra attention when you
change lanes or merge. Motorcycles can be hidden in blind spots
because of their size. Always check your mirrors and blind spots for
motorcycles. Signal early, and check twice before changing lanes.
• Following Behind – Leave extra space between your vehicle and a
motorcycle in front of you. Use a four-second following distance
It is illegal for a
(compared to a three-second for other motor vehicles).
motorcycle operator
• Sharing lanes – Motorcycles have the same right to use the full to weave between
width of a lane. Even though a motorcycle may use a smaller part lanes at any time.
of the lane, you must never share a lane. Motorcyclists need to
move within a lane for traffic maneuvers and to avoid road debris, potholes, or surface
oil. Never move into the same lane space as a motorcycle, even if the lane is wide
and the motorcyclist is riding to one side. Crowding into a lane with a motorcycle is
illegal and very dangerous.
• Turning at Intersections – Cars or trucks turning left in front of an oncoming
motorcycle cause a lot of crashes. Pay extra attention to motorcycles at intersections.
Motorcycles are smaller and can be hidden by other vehicles. It can be hard to judge
their speed and position. Even if you have enough time to turn, an oncoming
motorcyclist may not have time to safely change speed. Let the motorcycle safely pass
through the intersection first.
• Road and Weather Conditions – Road conditions that are only small problems for
cars and trucks can be big hazards for motorcycles. Gravel, potholes, and slippery
surfaces can cause a motorcyclist to change speed and direction suddenly.
Motorcycles need more distance to stop in bad weather. Always give a motorcycle
extra space in case it needs to stop suddenly.
Follow these tips and share the road safely with motorcycles and other motor vehicles.

Motorcycle Safety
The RMV has a Motorcycle Manual. You must read it before you apply for a motorcycle
license. The Motorcycle Manual has detailed information on motorcycle equipment,
operation, riding gear, carrying passengers, and rules of the road.
The Motorcycle Manual is available online at Mass.Gov/RMV.
Every motorcycle must pass an annual safety inspection. For details, see Chapter Six.

Rider Training
The Registry of Motor Vehicles sponsors the Massachusetts Rider Education Program
(MREP). Beginner and experienced rider courses are available. If you pass either course,
you do not need to take a motorcycle road test to get your motorcycle license.

For information on motorcycle rider courses, or to speak to the program coordinator call
857-368-2903. You can also visit Mass.Gov/RMV.

75
 Motorized Bicycle (Moped) Safety
A moped (also known as a motorized bicycle) is a pedal bicycle with a helper motor, or a
non-pedal bicycle with a motor. Its maximum speed must be thirty (30) miles per hour (mph)
or lower. Its cylinder capacity must be fifty (50) cubic centimeters or lower. It must have an
automatic transmission.
You must have a valid driver’s license (any class) or learner’s permit to drive a moped. You
must follow these rules when driving a moped:
• Do not drive faster than 25 mph.
• Do not ride on limited-access or express state highways with signs saying that bicycles
are not allowed.
• Use the correct electronic and hand signals before stopping or turning.
• Do not ride on off-street recreational paths (you can use bicycle lanes along roads).
• Drivers and passengers must wear helmets that meet or exceed the US DOT standard.
• Obey all traffic laws and regulations.
You can be fined up to $100 for a violation of any of these rules

Motorized Scooter Safety

A motorized scooter is any two or three-wheeled vehicle with handlebars and an electric or
gas motor that can move the vehicle with or without human propulsion. Motorized scooters
can either be designed for the driver to sit or stand.

The Registry of Motor Vehicles will not register motorized scooters.

You must have a valid driver’s license (any class) or learner’s permit to operate a motorized
scooter. You can be issued tickets for violating motor vehicle laws.
You must follow these rules when driving a motorized scooter:
• Do not drive faster than 20 mph.
• Do not drive on limited-access or express state highways.
• Wear a helmet that meets or exceeds the US DOT standard.
• Always stay to the right side of the road, even when passing another vehicle.
• Use the correct electronic and hand signals before stopping or turning.
• Do not drive after sunset or before sunrise.
• Do not carry any passengers.
• Obey all traffic laws and regulations.
You can be fined up to $25 (1st Offense); $25-$50 (2nd Offense); $50-$100 (3rd + Offense).

All fees are subject to change at any time.

76
 Limited Use Vehicle Safety
A limited use vehicle can have two or more wheels. It can go faster than 30 mph, but not
more than 40 mph. A limited use vehicle can either be a motorcycle or a passenger vehicle;
it depends on how many wheels it has.
You must have a valid driver’s license or learner’s permit to drive a limited use vehicle. If
the limited use vehicle is a motorcycle, the license or permit must be Class M. If the limited
use vehicle is a passenger vehicle, the license or permit must be Class D.
You cannot drive a limited use vehicle on a limited-access or express state highway or any
road with a speed limit faster than 40 mph.

Low Speed Vehicle Safety

A Low Speed Vehicle (LSV) has four wheels and can only go between 20 and 25 mph. It
must have a gross weight rating lower than 3,000 lbs.
You must have a valid Class D driver’s license or learner’s permit to drive a low speed
vehicle.
You cannot drive a low speed vehicle on a limited access or express state highway or any
road with a speed limit faster than 30 mph. Low speed vehicles may also not be allowed in
areas with heavy traffic. You must obey all traffic laws and regulations. You can be fined for
violations.

Bicycle Safety Laws

Bicycle safety laws have been updated in recent years to place more responsibility on
bicyclists, motorists, and on renters of bicycles while giving police officers more training in
bicycle safety and traffic enforcement. This should result in better awareness of safety
concerns and enforcement of bicycle safety laws.
If a police officer sees a bicyclist commit a traffic violation, the officer can issue a citation
the same way he/she would for a motorist. The bicyclist can be fined, but it will not affect
his/her driving record. A bicyclist must give the officer his/her true name and address when
asked and can be fined for not doing so. A bicyclist can also be arrested for refusing to give
his/her name.
Companies that rent bicycles must offer helmets that meet all safety requirements for
renters.
The law also allows motorists to be cited for a motor vehicle violation for certain behaviors
around bicycles. This should encourage motorists to be more careful.
For a list of laws for bicyclists and laws for motorists in the presence of bicyclists, please
see page 109.

77
78
Rules of the
Road

Travel on public roadways is controlled by signs, signals, pavement

markings, and driving laws. No matter what vehicle you drive or

CHAPTER 4
what road you drive on, you must obey these “rules of the road.”
You must learn how to drive properly on:
• Streets, roads, alleys, and avenues
• Traffic circles (rotaries)
• Highways, expressways, and freeways
You must also learn how to drive safely at:
• Special crossings
• Intersections
• Traffic hazards

79
 Speed Limits
Driving too fast (speeding) is a main cause of motor vehicle crashes. To protect safety,
speed laws in Massachusetts are strongly enforced. If you speed, there are severe
penalties (see Chapter Two). When speeding, you need more distance to react and safely
stop your vehicle.
1. You must never travel so fast that it is not safe. That is the fundamental speed law.
Even if the speed limit is higher, your speed must be based on the following.
• Traffic conditions – the number of vehicles on the road and their speed
• Road conditions – is the road surface rough or smooth; how much water,
ice, or snow is on the road surface; and how wide is the roadway
• Weather conditions and visibility – situations that make it hard to see,
including rain, snow, ice, dust, and wind
• Pedestrians or bicyclists - people who are traveling along or across the road are
unprotected and more vulnerable to death or severe injury in high speed crashes
You must lower your speed if there are poor driving conditions or hazards. It does not
matter if the posted speed limit is higher.
2. Never drive faster than the posted speed limit. Sample speed limit signs appear
below. All speed limits are based on ideal driving conditions. If conditions are
hazardous, you must drive slower.
Most roadways in the state have posted speed limits. Speed limits change as you drive
on different kinds of roads or enter and exit highways. Limited-access highways, like
interstate routes, have speed limits from 50 to 65 mph. Smaller highways have speed
limits of 55 mph or lower.
Some roadways may have minimum speeds. There is a minimum speed of 40 mph on
the Massachusetts Turnpike. There is a minimum speed of 20 mph in the Boston Harbor
tunnels (Callahan, Sumner, and Ted Williams). Even without a minimum speed, a police
officer may order a driver to the side of a state highway if he/she is slowing traffic.
3. Unless posted otherwise, your speed would not be reasonable and proper if you
drive over...
• 20 mph in a school zone
• 30 mph in a thickly settled or business district (unless there are signs showing a 25 mph limit)
• 40 mph outside a thickly settled or business district
• 50 mph on a highway outside a thickly settled or business district
If you drive 40 mph in a heavy rainstorm on a highway with a speed limit of 50 mph, you can get a
ticket for driving too fast.
A “thickly settled district” is an area where buildings are fewer than 200 feet apart for a distance of
1/4 mile or more.

80 Reduced Speed Ahead

Some communities have a thickly settled speed limit of 25 mph unless posted otherwise
(per M.G.L. c90, Section 17c). Signs are posted at all entrances to these cities and towns.

School Zones
The speed limit on roads near schools is 20 mph. This can be posted in
various ways. Speed limit signs may have flashing yellow lights or be posted
for certain hours of the day. Look closely for signs saying you are approaching
or entering a school zone.
Drive carefully when entering a school zone. Be aware of children crossing the
street or riding bicycles. Look out for school safety patrols or crossing guards.

Traffic Signals
Traffic signals are lights that control movement of vehicles and pedestrians, usually
at intersections. You must know what each light means and obey its signals at all
times.

Motor Vehicle Signals

Traffic signals are usually three round lights: red, yellow, and green circles, from top to
bottom. There are also other types of signals, such as single flashing lights, colored arrows,
and signals with 4 or 5 sections.

Steady Red Circle

A steady red circle means “stop.” Do not go until the light turns green. You can
make a right turn on a red light only after you come to a complete stop and yield
to pedestrians or other vehicles in your path. You may not turn on red if a NO
TURN ON RED sign is posted.
You can turn left on a red light when driving on a one-way street and turning left onto
another one-way street. Stop and yield to pedestrians and other vehicles before turning.

Steady Red Arrow

A steady red arrow means the same as a steady red, circular signal (see the
preceding Steady Red section). However, it only applies to vehicles going in the
direction of the arrow. The same rules for “turning on red” apply in Massachusetts. However,
when driving out-of-state, this may not be true because different states have different laws.
81
 Flashing Red Circle
A flashing red circle means the same as a STOP sign. Come to a complete
stop. Obey the right-of-way laws and proceed when it is safe. If there is a
white stop line or crosswalk line, you must stop before the line. If there are no lines, you
must stop as close to the intersection as needed to see traffic in both directions. Do not
enter the intersection until after coming to a complete stop.
Steady Yellow Circle
A steady yellow circle means the traffic signal is changing from green to red.
You must stop if it is safe. If you are already stopped at an intersection or a stop
line, you may not proceed.

Flashing Yellow Circle

A flashing yellow circle is a warning. Proceed with caution, and stay alert.
Look both ways when crossing an intersection.

Flashing Yellow Arrow

A flashing yellow arrow allows you to turn left or right in the direction of the arrow when
oncoming traffic has a green light but there is a break in traffic. You must carefully
determine that there is an adequate gap in the oncoming traffic and ensure that there are no
pedestrians in your path before making your turn.

Steady Green Circle

A steady green circle means “go.” But first, you must yield to other vehicles,
bicycles, or pedestrians in the road. If you are crossing an intersection, make sure
you have enough room to make it completely through. Never block an intersection.
You may make a turn as long as you have enough space to complete the turn and
not create a hazard. If you are turning left on a steady green light, you must yield to oncoming
traffic. Look out for drivers who do not obey traffic signals or race through intersections.

Green Arrow
A green arrow means you can make a “protected” turn in the
direction of the arrow. When a green arrow displays for your
turn, pedestrians and oncoming vehicles should be stopped
for red lights. Look for signs saying the lane is only for turns in the direction of the arrow.

Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon

Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons are activated by pedestrians manually by
a push button or by a pedestrian detection system. They are often located in
intersections without traffic signals or at mid-block crosswalks. When activated,
amber lights flash in an irregular pattern. You must stop for pedestrians when
the beacon is flashing.

Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon

A Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB) allows pedestrians to safely cross a
roadway. A PHB only operates when activated by a pedestrian. When all lights
are dark, you can proceed with caution. When the bottom yellow light is

82
flashing, you must slow down. When the bottom yellow light is solid, you must prepare to
stop. When the top two red lights are solid, you must stop for pedestrians. When the top
two red lights are flashing, you must stop and proceed with caution if clear.
Bicycle Signals
Bicycle signals are lights specifically meant for bicyclists. They display
as steady red, yellow, and green bicycle symbols. When the signal is
green, bicyclists can go through busy intersections while motor vehicles
are stopped, protecting them from turning vehicles.

Traffic Signals Not Working

If traffic signals are not working, they will simply flash either red or yellow lights. When this
happens, follow the rules for flashing lights. If signals are blacked out and not functioning, be
cautious and proceed as though there is a stop sign in all directions. Go when it is safe.

Pedestrian Signals
Special lighted signals are often used at crosswalks to tell pedestrians when to cross a
roadway. Pedestrians must obey white and orange DON’T WALK and WALK signals.
Some crosswalk signals include a numeric countdown timer. Pedestrians who are already in
the crosswalk when the countdown reaches zero have the right-of-way.

Laws for Drivers

• You must yield to pedestrians entering or using a crosswalk in your travel path.
• Never let your vehicle block a crosswalk.
• You must yield to pedestrians if your traffic signal is red or if it is red and yellow.
• Never pass a vehicle that is stopped or slowing for a pedestrian.
• You must yield to pedestrians when turning into a driveway or parking lot.
Laws for Pedestrians
• Use a crosswalk if one is available.
• At crosswalks with pedestrian signals, push the button on the pole and wait for a WALK
signal. Intersections without buttons automatically give WALK signals.
• When the WALK signal is shown, you can begin to cross. When DON’T WALK is
shown, you should not begin to cross; if you are already in the crosswalk, you should
finish crossing.
• Before you cross a roadway, stop at the curb and look left and right for traffic. Be alert.
Look out especially for cars turning onto the road you are crossing.

83
 Regulatory

Yield No right turn No left turn No U-turn

No trucks No No bicycles
pedestrians No parking
allowed
between
posted hours

You may not You may not turn All traffic Keep to the right of the
Traffic moves
only in direction overtake right after stop- must go left upcoming median or
another vehicle ping at a red light lane divider
of arrow

Warning

School Lane merging from Divided high- Winding road, Road turns right
zone right, watch for way begins multiple curves
School other traffic ahead
zone
Road curves right
School
crossing Divided high-
Playground Crossroad
way ends
ahead
Area off paved
School
road is soft dirt -
crossing
hazardous
Pedestrian Stop ahead
crossing Two-way
traffic Road entering
from the right
You may not cross
Right Lane the yellow line
Pedestrian Traffic signal
End - Road
crossing ahead Road slippery
Narrows Road ends
when wet at junction
Maximum height

Circular Traffic may

intersection flow on both Deer crossing Railroad
Pedestrian
ahead sides of sign crossing ahead
crossing ahead 84 Added lane
 Guides and Directions

Interstate Information Gas Telephone Food

highway
route marker

Hospital Lodging Access for those

with disabilities
Massachusetts Bike route signs
state highway
route marker

Picnic area
Bay State Greenway Motorist services

Destination
directions
Electronic tolling only
Junction with
a numbered
route ahead Notice of highway
Destination Point of interest
exits, in miles
distances, in miles

Highway mile Parking

markers facilities Freeway interchange sign Highway rest area

Know signs by their appearances so you can recognize them at a distance.

Stop Yield Guide/Information No Passing Zone

School Zone Warning Railroad Regulation Interstate

Crossing Highway

85
 Traffic Signs
Traffic signs control traffic, warn you of hazards, help you get where you are going, and tell
you about roadway services. The shapes and colors of traffic signs are important. Sign
colors mean the following:
RED—stop or prohibition
GREEN—direction, shows where you can go
YELLOW—general warning
BLACK/WHITE—regulation
BLUE—motorist service (e.g., gas, food, hotels), evacuation route
BROWN—recreational, historic, or scenic site
ORANGE—construction or maintenance warning
FLUORESCENT YELLOW-GREEN—school zone, bicycle, pedestrian, and curve warning
FLUORESCENT PINK—incident management signs
PURPLE—electronic toll collection signs

Stop and Yield Signs

A STOP sign always means “come to a complete halt” and applies to each vehicle that
comes to the sign. When approaching a stop sign, you must stop before any crosswalk or
stop line painted on the pavement. Come to a complete stop, yield to pedestrians or other
vehicles, and go carefully. Just slowing down is not enough. If a 4-WAY or ALL WAY sign is
added to a STOP sign at an intersection, all traffic coming to the intersection must stop. The
first vehicle in the intersection or four-way stop has the right of way.
When you see a YIELD sign, slow down and be prepared to stop. Let vehicles, bicyclists, and
pedestrians go before you proceed. You must come to a complete stop if traffic conditions require it.
Regulatory Signs
Regulatory signs have a red or white background and inform drivers of traffic laws or
regulations. Some, such as SPEED LIMIT signs, may only include words. Others, such as
NO U-TURN signs, use only images. Some are a combination of words and images. Signs
that use a red circle with a diagonal slash mean that something is prohibited.

Warning Signs
Yellow and fluorescent yellow-green warning signs warn you of hazards or changes in
conditions ahead. The road layout may be changing, you may be coming to a school zone,
or there may be a special situation ahead. Slow down and obey the sign.
Guide Signs
In the “guide signs” category are route markers, distance and destination signs, and
informational signs. Green signs give highway directions and guide you through highway
interchanges. Blue signs list motorist services, like gas, food, and lodging. Brown signs direct
you to public recreational areas, state and national parks, points of interest, and scenic sites.
In Massachusetts, numbered state highway routes are posted on white, rectangular signs
with black letters and borders. Interstate highway signs are blue, red, and white shields.
86
Railroad Crossings
There is usually a round warning sign before a railroad crossing. When you see
this sign, slow down and prepare to stop. If you see or hear a train coming, do
not speed up and try to beat the train to the crossing.
The point at which train tracks cross a road is marked with a white crossbuck
sign. If more than one track crosses a road, the number of tracks is posted below
the crossbuck.
A railroad crossing may also have red flashing lights, a bell, and a red-and-white
striped gate that lowers across the roadway when a train is passing. If the lights
begin to flash, you must stop at least 15 feet before the light post or gate. You
must then remain stopped until the gate raises and the lights stop flashing.
Failure to stop is a violation that has a heavy fine. Even if you do not see a train
coming, never drive around a lowered gate or ignore the flashing lights.

Roadway Construction/ Maintenance (Work Zones)

Any roadway in Massachusetts may be under construction or require maintenance at any
given time. These sections of roadway are designated and protected by warning signs and
traffic control devices. They help guide you safely through a work zone and past any
hazards. There are several rules or practices you should be aware of to protect yourself
and roadway workers.
When approaching a work zone, reduce your speed. Be aware of the traffic around you and
any obstructions or hazards that can be seen on or near the roadway. If a police officer or
civil flagger is present, follow and obey their directions. DO NOT be distracted by what is
happening within a work zone.
The start of a work zone is indicated with a warning sign or electronic message sign. This
sign usually refers to roadwork/utility work beginning at a certain distance down the road.

Civil Flaggers are typically used on low-speed, low-volume roadways to control traffic
movement around the work area and to support other road users navigate the area.

Flagger Ahead Sign (500 feet) Work zone flag person

Upcoming warning signs inform you of where work is taking place and how you should
maneuver through the work area. Read and follow the messages on these signs.

87
 This sign shows which This sign means the right This sign means the lanes
lane is closed lane is closed and traffic are shifting to the right
should move to the left

Certain devices (such as drums, cones, and tubular markers) are used to direct traffic away
from a work area where the shoulder or travel lane is closed. They are usually lined up in
an angular fashion to shift traffic from the beginning of a travel lane to the left or right. You
should carefully merge into the adjacent travel lane when you see these devices in the
roadway. When a lane is closed to traffic, a barricade is often used to block off access to
that area.

Drum Cones Tubular Marker Barricade

In some cases, road work requires full closure of travel lanes in one direction, or an entire
road closure. In these cases, detour signs are posted. They provide direction on bypassing
the work zone and then getting back on the original road.

Detour sign used at the start of

Detour sign used along the detour the detour

On multiple lane roadways, portable arrow boards are used to provide notification that the
shoulder or lane is closed and which lane is open for travel. These devices are located before
the work area within the closed lane to give you notice to merge your vehicle when it is safe.

Right lane closure - merge left Middle lane closure - merge right or left
There are many more types of traffic control devices you may encounter. Be aware, be
cautious, be observant, and use common sense when driving through work zones. There
are men and women working to improve roads for public use and these work zone signs
and devices are there to guide motorists and protect these workers.
When approaching a work zone, the FIRST thing you must do is SLOW DOWN and look for
guidance on how to safely travel through the area.

88
 The Highway Division has a 511 phone service. You can use this to get up-to-date information
about traffic and weather conditions and construction projects. You can also report problems on
the road. Service is available 24/7.
Dial 511 from your cell phone or 617-986-5511 (Metro-Boston), 508-499-5511 (Central Mass), or
413-754–5511 (Western Mass) from a landline.
For more information, visit Mass.Gov/Traffic-Information

Pavement Markings
Lines, symbols, and words are often painted on a roadway to help direct drivers and control
traffic. You must know what the different lines and colors mean and obey them.
White and yellow lines are used on pavement edges and between lanes to keep vehicles in
line. The lines may be solid or broken (long dashes), single or double. A solid white or solid
yellow line that turns into a dotted line (short dashes) is a continuation of the line through
an intersection or highway interchange.
Unless you're turning, exiting a highway, or changing lanes, always stay between lane lines.

White Lane Lines

White lane lines separate lanes of traffic moving in the same direction. Single white lines may
also mark the right edge of the pavement.

Broken White Line

Broken white lines separate lanes of traffic
traveling in the same direction. Once you
have signaled, and it is safe to do so, you
may cross this line when changing lanes.

Solid White Line Broken white lines separate lanes in the same direction.
A solid white line marks the right edge of the roadway or separates lanes of traffic traveling in
the same direction, including bicycle lanes. You can go in the same direction on both sides of
this line (except the shoulder), but you should not cross it unless you need to avoid danger.

Double Solid White Line

A double solid white line separates two lanes of traffic going in the same direction. Crossing
a double solid white line is not allowed.

Yellow Lane Lines

Yellow lane lines separate lanes of traffic moving in opposite directions. Single yellow lines
may also mark the left edge of the pavement on divided highways and one-way streets.

Broken Yellow Line

A broken yellow line separates lanes of
traffic moving in opposite directions.
Stay to the right of the line, unless you
are passing a vehicle in front of you.
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When passing, you may cross this line temporarily when it is safe to do so.

Double Yellow Lines: One Solid, One Broken

One solid yellow line and one broken
yellow line separate opposite lanes of
traffic. If the solid yellow line is closer to
you, you cannot cross the lines. If the
broken line is closer to you, you can only
cross the line to pass another vehicle when it is safe to do so.

Double Yellow Lines: Both Solid

Two solid yellow lines prohibit vehicles from
crossing them to pass another vehicle. You
may not cross these lines unless turning
left when it is safe to do so. Do not cross a double yellow line unless turning left.

Words and Symbols

Words or symbols may be painted on
roadway surfaces to help guide, warn, or
regulate drivers. Words or symbols are
often used with traffic signs, signals, and
other pavement markings. White arrows
show lane directions or restrictions.
A white diamond symbol means there is a
special lane restriction, like “high occupancy In the above three-lane diagram, the far left travel lane
is reserved for high-occupancy vehicles (HOVs), like
vehicle (HOV) only” or “bus only.” those used in carpools, or for buses.

Shared Lane Markings (Sharrows)

Shared Lane Markings (also known as Sharrows) help bicyclists position
themselves in the right location and in the right direction in a lane that is
shared with motor vehicles. By following these markings, bicyclists can
avoid being hit by the open door of a parked vehicle or getting squeezed
next to a motor vehicle in a narrow lane. When you see a Shared Lane
Marking, you must look out for the presence of bicyclists and make sure
that you leave them enough space when passing. Shared Lane Markings
are not the same as the bicycle symbols that are used to mark bicycle lanes.

Bicycle Lanes
Bicycle lanes are portions of the roadway that are intended for use by
bicyclists and are typically marked by solid white lines, along with pavement
markings and signs. They are five feet wide. Motor vehicles may only drive in
these lanes when turning on or off the road. Before crossing a bicycle lane,
you must look carefully for bicyclists, and you must cross with care.

Advisory Bicycle Lanes

Advisory bicycle lanes are becoming common on streets that are too narrow for a full
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bicycle lane, but still have a lot of bicycle traffic. They are dashed on one or both sides to
indicate that motor vehicles may use the lane space when necessary, but they must always
yield to bicyclists first.

Green Pavement
Green pavement is used in areas where there could be road sharing conflicts between
motor vehicles and bicycles. You should pay close attention and look for bicyclists before
crossing green pavement. At a red light, you should not stop on green pavement. See the
Laws for Bicyclists and Motorists in the Presence of Bicyclists section later in this chapter
for more information on green pavement.

Stop Lines, Yield Lines, and Crosswalks

An intersection or pedestrian crossing with a stop sign or traffic signal may have a solid
white STOP line painted across it. An intersection with a yield sign may have a YIELD line
painted across it. A YIELD line looks like a series of triangles painted next to each other.
A crosswalk is a pair of white lines, or other distinguished pavement markings or materials,
painted across a lane to guide pedestrians from one side of the road to the other. A painted
crosswalk also warns drivers that pedestrians may be crossing the road. Crosswalks may
have diagonal or vertical lines painted between the two main lines. Crosswalks are often
located at intersections, but can also be found in other areas, such as bus stops, schools,
trail crossings, commercial districts, and areas with a lot of pedestrians.
You must stop behind the stop lines, yield lines, and crosswalk lines if required by a stop/yield sign,
traffic signal, or pedestrian in the crosswalk.

Yield line

Stop line Crosswalk

Channelizing Islands
A channelizing island is a traffic island or pavement marking that guides traffic along certain
paths and prevents operation on areas of the roadway. You cannot drive over or park a
motor vehicle upon any channelizing island, unless directed to do so by a police officer.

Crossing Guards
In recent years, several crossing guards in Massachusetts have been killed or injured while
on duty when struck by vehicles. As a driver, you should look for warning signs that crossing
guards and children may be in the road and be prepared to stop. Crossing guards depend
on drivers to be aware and obey their signals. Use caution when you see the following:

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• Crosswalks/ Pedestrian Crossing Signs - These will be white crosswalks painted on
the street, or pedestrian crossing signs placed in the middle or the side of the road.
• Reflective Vests - Crossing guards wear brightly colored and highly reflective clothing
so they will be highly visible.
• Stop Paddles - These are hand-held stop signs that crossing guards hold up while
walking out into the street to warn drivers of children crossing.

Lanes, Intersections, and Turns

This section explains the rules of driving that apply to any roadway or intersection. In
addition to standard travel lanes, there are...
• Special lanes for turning
• Restricted lanes for buses, car pools, and bicycles
• Breakdown lanes on the right-hand shoulder of highways and expressways
Signaling
When you are driving on a roadway, you are expected to drive straight ahead, unless you show
otherwise. This is why you must use signals whenever you stop or make any move in traffic.
Your signals alert pedestrians and motorists of what you are doing and give them time to react.
Regardless of the kind of vehicle you are driving, you must use signals. If
the electronic signals on your vehicle are not working, you must use the
three hand signals shown. Signals should be made through the driver’s
Left turn side window. You must know these signals to pass the road test.
You must signal in certain situations:
• Changing lanes
• Turning at an intersection or into a driveway
Right turn • Pulling away from a curb
• Pulling over to the side of the road
• Entering or exiting an expressway or a freeway
Once you have completed your move, you must turn your signal off. Any
time you want to turn, merge, join traffic from a stopped position, or
Slow or stop change lanes, you must...
1. Check your mirrors for traffic behind you and check your blind spot on the side you are
moving or turning toward.
2. Signal your intent to move.
3. Make your move.
Bicyclists may use either arm to signal.

Using Lanes
Always use traffic lanes as they are defined by pavement markings and road signs. Many
intersections have special lanes marked for turns. Follow the rules of the road, using the
proper lanes for turning and driving straight ahead.
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On roadways with two or more lanes in your travel direction, use the right lane for driving unless...
• You are passing another vehicle.
• You are making a left turn.
• The right lane is blocked.
Here are a few more general rules for using lanes properly:
• Never change lanes in the middle of an intersection. It is illegal and dangerous.
• As a general rule, do not use a highway breakdown lane for travel or passing. On some
highways, however, you may use the breakdown lane for travel during specific times.
• If you come to a curve in the road and cannot see ahead, keep to the right and slow down.
The use of breakdown lanes as travel lanes is very restricted, and hours of use are posted clearly.
Special rules for motorcycles:
• Do not ride along pavement lines, between lanes of traffic.
• Ride no more than two abreast (side-by-side).
• Unless your motorcycle can safely drive at minimum posted speeds, do not travel on
highways or expressways.
Restricted Lanes
You must not drive in lanes posted as restricted, except when
preparing for a turn. Look for signs like the ones to the right.

Highway Driving
A divided highway has separate roadways for traffic in opposite directions. There are often
multiple lanes on each side. Highway speed limits are usually between 45 to 65 mph.
Some highways cross other roads and are controlled by traffic signals. Others are
“controlled access,” which means they have no signals or intersections. You enter and exit
these highways using ramps. These highways are called “expressways” or “freeways,” and
you enter or exit these highways at “interchanges.” In Massachusetts, interstate Routes 90
and 495 and State Highway 128 are examples of expressways.
Highway driving can make any new driver nervous. Following are some useful tips for
driving on highways:

Entering and Exiting the Highway

• Make sure you are in the proper lane well in advance so you can safely enter or exit the
highway.
• Yield the right-of-way to drivers already on the highway.
• When you enter a highway, increase your speed to match vehicles already on the road.
• If you miss your exit, do not stop. Never back up on the highway. Get off the highway
at the next exit and look for signs showing you how to rejoin the road in the other direction.
• Be sure to signal your exit at least 500 feet before you reach the exit ramp.
• As you leave the highway and drive along the exit ramp, slow to the posted exit ramp
speed limit.
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Driving on the Highway
• Make sure your vehicle operates well and can drive at highway speeds.
• Stay to the right and only use the left lane for passing. On an
expressway with three or more lanes in your direction, use the far
right lane for slower driving, the middle lane for faster driving, and
the far left lane for passing.
• Drive in the middle of your lane, staying between the lines.
• Use your rearview mirror, check your blind spots, and use your
directional signals when changing lanes. Remember these three
steps: (1) look, (2) signal, (3) move.
• Do not drive in another driver’s blind spot. If you are in another
driver’s blind spot, safely drive through the blind spot as quickly as
you can.
• Look out for vehicles entering the highway and any vehicles or The accompanying
pedestrians in the breakdown lane. diagram shows the
• Do not weave in and out of traffic. “blind spots” around
your vehicle, in which
• Be aware of road construction signs, work crews, and signs that you cannot see with
require you to reduce speed or change lanes. your vehicle’s mirrors.
Take extra care when exiting a highway that uses breakdown lanes as travel lanes. Look to your
right and check your right-hand blind spot before exiting.
• Avoid “highway hypnosis.” If you’ve been driving for a long time and feel tired, you
should get off the highway at the next exit, rest stop, or service area.
• If you plan to drive far, stop and stretch every two hours or every 100 miles.
The Highway Division has a 511 phone service. You can use this to get up-to-date information
about traffic and weather conditions and construction projects. You can also report problems on
the road. Service is available 24/7.
Dial 511 from your cell phone or 617-986-5511 (Metro-Boston), 508-499-5511 (Central Mass), or
413-754–5511 (Western Mass) from a landline.
For more information, visit Mass.Gov/Traffic-Information

Intersections
Intersections are where two or more roadways meet. Traffic flow at intersections is often controlled
by signals, signs, and/or pavement markings. The next two sections in this chapter, Turns and
Right-of-Way Rules, describe the rules and procedures you must follow at intersections.
Some roads have multiple turning lanes. While on these roads, you should follow the applicable
road signs or markings.

Intersections are very important to the flow and safety of traffic. It is illegal to block an intersection
with your vehicle. When driving through an intersection, you must obey all signs or traffic signals.
You may only enter an intersection or drive across a crosswalk if there is enough room for
you to drive through safely. Blocking the paths of other vehicles or pedestrians in an
intersection or a crosswalk is dangerous. This causes traffic jams and violates traffic law.
When driving through an intersection, be especially alert for bicyclists. Give them plenty of space
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and always double check for approaching bicyclists before proceeding through. If you're turning,
you must yield to bicyclists going straight through an intersection. Never cut in front of a bicyclist.

Turns
Many motor vehicle crashes are caused by improper turns. Take the following steps to turn safely.
1. Plan for the turn. Do not turn suddenly.
2. Signal your turn at least 100 feet before making the turn. On a highway, signal at least
500 feet before a turn. It is best to signal before you apply your brakes, so you make
your intentions known to other drivers.
3. Reduce your speed.
4. Check your mirrors for traffic behind you and check the blind spot on your turning side.
5. Give the right-of-way when appropriate (see the Right-of-Way Rules section).
6. Complete the turn carefully, making sure you turn into the proper lane.
The road diagrams below show proper turns. It is very important that you turn from and turn
into the proper lane. Look for yellow or white pavement lines marking the road you are
turning into. If you need to change lanes, do so after you turn. Here are a few rules:
• Turn from the lane closest to the lane you want to enter. For a right turn, turn from the
far right lane. For a left turn, turn from the lane closest to the center lane.
• Do not swing your vehicle out of your lane when making a turn or swing wide through
the intersection. Keep your vehicle centered in the middle of the lanes you are leaving
and entering.
• Once you have started a turn through an intersection, you must follow through. Do not
stop in mid-turn and change direction. If you decide you do not want to make the turn,
simply drive to the next intersection and work your way back.

Right turn Left turn from a two-way road to a two-way road

Left turn from a two-way road to Left turn from a one-way road to
a one-way road a two-way road

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Turns on Red
You must come to a complete stop at a red traffic light. You may then turn right unless a NO
TURN ON RED sign is posted. You must first give the right-of-way to pedestrians and other
vehicles. You may turn left on red only if you are turning from a one-way street onto another
one-way street. The same rules that apply to right turns apply to left turns.

U-Turns
A U-turn is a tight left turn that puts you in the opposite direction.
You can make a U-turn if your path is clear and it is safe to do so. You cannot
make a U-turn if a NO U-TURN sign is posted.
• You may only make a U-turn from the lane closest to the center line.
• Make sure you have enough room to complete the turn. Do not create a hazard for
oncoming vehicles.
• Do not make a U-turn at the crest of a hill, near a curve, or anyplace where you or other
drivers cannot see 500 feet away.
Left Turns from Center Lanes
On some two-way roads, a
center lane may be marked as
a common left-turn lane to be
used by vehicles in both
directions. You may not travel in
a center turning lane.

Three-Point Turns
When there is not enough room for a U-turn, you may consider a three-point turn. This will
put you in the opposite direction. This turn should only be used when all of the following
conditions are met:
• The street is narrow
• There is good visibility
• There are no public driveways to turn into
• The traffic is light
• The turn is legal
• There is no other option
Following are the steps of a three-point turn.
1. Position yourself as close as possible to the right edge of the curb. Signal a left turn.
Check for traffic and pedestrians in both directions (including your blind spot). Wait until
you have a 20-30 second gap to complete the turn.
2. Move slowly and turn the steering wheel quickly to the left. This will bring the vehicle
perpendicular to the street about two feet from the curb. Come to a stop.
3. Turn your steering wheel fully to the right. Check for traffic in both directions (including your
blind spot). Shift into reverse and start backing up, while looking over your right shoulder.

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4. Back up to the opposite curb, stopping just before the curb.
5. Check again for traffic in both directions (including your blind spot). Signal a left. Shift
into drive (or for manual cars, first gear) and accelerate to the proper speed.

Right-of-Way Rules
“Right-of-way rules” help drivers handle traffic situations not controlled by signs or signals.
These rules are based on safety and courtesy. They do not give you any “rights.”
Remember, the right-of-way is something you give, not take. If another driver does not
follow these rules, you should always give the right-of-way.
This section describes many right-of-way rules. Other rules, like giving the right-of-way to
emergency vehicles, are covered later in this chapter.

Pedestrians
You must always yield to pedestrians who are in a roadway. Also note these
rules concerning pedestrians:
• If you are stopped at a traffic light that turns green, you must yield to
pedestrians already in the crosswalk.
• When turning, look for pedestrians. Pedestrians have the right-of-way if using a
sidewalk or crossing a driveway or an alley.
• Always yield to visually impaired (blind) people crossing a street. You must remain
stopped until the person has safely crossed. Do not honk or wave the person on. Never
pass another vehicle which is stopped. Blind pedestrians may use a white cane or a
guide dog. The White Cane Law states that a driver must come to a complete stop
when a blind pedestrian is crossing a street.
• On a multiple lane roadway, never pass another vehicle stopped at a crosswalk without
checking for pedestrians first.
Intersections Not Controlled by Signs or Signals
Slow down at an uncontrolled intersection. Look left and right for oncoming traffic and
proceed if the way is clear. However:
• You must yield the right-of-way to any vehicle that has entered the intersection from
your right or is coming from your right.
• Look for traffic coming from the left. Even though you may have the legal right-of-way,
make sure that the other driver is yielding before you proceed.
Four-Way Stop
At an intersection with stop signs in all directions, you must yield the
right-of-way to...
• Another vehicle that has already come to a full stop
• A vehicle directly to your right that has stopped at the same
time as you
Four-way stop intersections can cause confusion. Try to make eye contact with the drivers
of other vehicles to judge their intentions and avoid crashes.

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 At a four-way stop, vehicles must go in the order they stopped. The first to stop is the next to go. If
in doubt, give the right-of-way to the driver on your right.

Turning Left
When making any left turn, you must first yield the right-of-way to any...
• Oncoming vehicle
• Vehicle already in the intersection
• Pedestrians or bicyclists crossing your intended path of travel
Private Roads, Driveways, and Unpaved Roads
When entering a paved thoroughfare from a private road, a driveway, or
an unpaved road, you must stop. You must then give the right-of-way to
pedestrians, bicyclists, or vehicles on the road you are entering.

Throughways
On a designated throughway, you must yield the right-of-way to traffic You must give the
on the throughway before you turn. right-of-way at
throughways.
Intersection of Single or Two-Lane Road and Multiple-Lane Road
If you are on a single or two-lane road and come to an intersection with a divided highway
or a roadway with three or more lanes, you must yield the right-of-way.

Rotaries
Rotaries are much more common in
Massachusetts than in other parts of the
country. A rotary is an intersection of
roads coming together from several
directions. It allows you to continue
through without stopping at a STOP sign
or a traffic signal. There are yield signs at
the entrance to a rotary. There is a
physical barrier (the Central Island) in the
center that forces traffic to travel around it.
Big rotaries are designed to handle traffic
traveling at up to 40 miles per hour.
Traffic in a rotary travels counter- clockwise.
Rotary Traffic Rules
Traffic travels counter-clockwise in a rotary. Always yield the right-of-way to vehicles already
in the rotary (unless told differently by signs or police officers) and to pedestrians. Use your
turn signals in the same way as any other intersection. Travel through the rotary and, when
you are ready to exit, use your right turn signal.
Choosing a Lane
If the rotary has a single lane, you must enter from the right lane of the road you are
coming from. You must exit onto the right lane of the road you intend to travel on.
If the rotary has multiple lanes, look for signs to help you choose the proper lane. If there
are no signs, you should do the following:
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• For a quarter-turn, or to continue straight ahead, enter the rotary from the right lane.
Stay in that lane, and exit onto the right lane.
• For a three-quarter-turn, or a U-turn, enter the rotary from the left lane. Travel through
the middle or inner lane. Exit onto the right lane. If coming from a road with a single
lane, you should stay in the right lane for the entire turn.
In a multiple-lane rotary, there may be traffic on both sides of your vehicle. Do not attempt
to move out of your lane until it is safe to do so. If you miss your exit, don’t get upset.
Check the traffic around you. If it is safe to do so, go around again and position your vehicle
to properly and safely exit the rotary. Do not stop in the rotary.
Roundabouts
Roundabouts are similar to rotaries. They are generally much
smaller than rotaries and have a smaller central barrier. Most
roundabouts have yield lines on the pavement and crosswalks for
pedestrians. Roundabouts are used on busy streets and their small
size requires vehicles to reduce speed to 25 miles per hour or less.
Roundabouts reduce the need to change lanes. Look for signs as
you get near a roundabout to determine which lane you should be
in. When entering a roundabout and choosing a lane, you should follow the same rules as
for a rotary. Slow speeds in roundabouts make them safe for bicyclists.

Rules for Passing

In general, the law requires you to drive on the right side of the road. When
passing is allowed, you should pass on the left. Passing on the right is allowed
only in certain situations.
You should pass a pedestrian, bicyclist, or motor vehicle only when it is
necessary and safe to do so. You may not exceed the speed limit
when passing. If you have any doubt, do not pass.
Never use a breakdown lane, the shoulder of a road, or a sidewalk for
passing another vehicle.

Passing on the Left

On a multiple-lane roadway with several lanes in one direction, you must use
the middle and left lanes for passing. A broken yellow line on a two-way road
allows you to cross over into the oncoming lane temporarily to pass a vehicle,
if it is safe to do so.
The following steps go with the diagram to the right:
1. Keep a safe distance between you and the vehicle you want to pass.
Check the passing lane to make sure it is clear. If you are crossing a
broken yellow line to pass, you must be able to see clearly at least
400 feet in front of you. Check your mirror and your blind spot.
2. Signal left and gradually move into the passing lane. If you are operating a
3. Maintain your speed until safely past the other vehicle, then signal right. motorcycle, you may
only pass single file.

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4. Make sure there is enough distance between you and the other vehicle before moving back
into the right lane. Wait at least until you can see the vehicle’s headlights in your mirror.
5. You must return to the right lane before any oncoming vehicle comes within 200 feet of
you. Turn off your signal once you have returned to the right lane.

Passing on the Right

Passing on the right is only allowed in certain circumstances. It can only be done when the
road is clear and is wide enough for two or more lines of motor vehicles. You can pass on
the right in the following circumstances:
• The vehicle you are passing is making, or is about to make, a left turn.
• You are driving on a one-way street.
• You are driving on a road where traffic moves in one direction (such as a multiple lane
highway).
Being Passed
If you are being passed by another vehicle, you must slow down and stay to the right. Allow
the other driver to pass safely. Do not speed up.
The “move-over law” (Chapter 418 of the Acts of 2008) requires that if you are
approaching a stationary emergency vehicle and it is displaying its flashing lights,
you must proceed with caution and reduce your speed to that of a reasonable and
safe speed for the road conditions. If you are on a highway with at least four lanes
(at least two of which allow travel in the same direction you are heading), yield the
right-of way by safely “moving over” to a lane that is not next to the lane the
emergency, highway, or recovery vehicle is occupying. In other words, leave an
open lane between your vehicle and the stopped emergency vehicle. If “moving-
over” is impracticable, you must still proceed with caution and reduce your speed
to that of a reasonable and safe speed for the road conditions.

Road Respect/Sharing the Road

Roadways are intended for drivers, bicyclists, and pedestrians. Courtesy is expected by all
who use the road. Motorists must be especially careful because more vulnerable users can
be seriously injured or killed. We ask that you show respect to people you share the
roadway with. Do not let your anger get the best of you.
How Can You Identify Aggressive Drivers?
Aggressive Drivers often do the following:
• Cut people off
• Exceed the speed limit
• Switch lanes without signaling
• Tailgate
• Run red lights
• Prevent other motorists from passing them

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 What Can You Do When confronted by an Aggressive Driver?
• Attempt to get out of his/her way.
• Do not challenge that person.
• Avoid eye contact.
• Ignore rude gestures.
• Wear your safety belt. It will keep you in control of your vehicle and protect you
in a crash.
Do not become an Aggressive Driver!
Control your anger and do not let the situation get worse. Do not question how
aggressive the other driver may be. If you have a cell phone, call the State Police at
911 to report an emergency situation.
State Police patrol highways in unmarked vehicles. They look for aggressive drivers who
put everyone in danger. If you are arrested for aggressive driving, the RMV may review
your case. The RMV can suspend your license and registration before a court date if you
are a threat to public safety.
Be a safe driver, be courteous, and always treat other drivers as you would like to be
treated. As the driver of a passenger car, van, small truck, or motorcycle, you must
constantly share the roadway with other people and other vehicles.

School Buses
Yellow school buses have flashing red lights
and stop signs that fold out from the driver’s
side. School pupil transport vehicles, like
vans, station wagons, or family sedans, have
flashing red lights and SCHOOL BUS signs on
top. Drivers use these warning signals when Obey school bus signals from
either side of the road.
letting pupils on and off.
If a school bus or a school pupil transport vehicle has its lights flashing and a stop
sign extended, you must stop. It is the law. It does not matter which side of the road
you are traveling on. Remain stopped until the lights stop flashing or the stop sign
folds back.
A first violation of this law can cause a license suspension and a $250 fine.
Even after the warning signals have stopped, you should proceed slowly and continue to
look for children.
The only exception to this law is if a school bus has stopped on the other side of a divided
highway with a barrier between travel directions. In this case, you do not have to stop.

Trucks and Other Large Vehicles

One of the worst “sharing-the-road” problems is between large vehicles, like trucks and
buses, and smaller ones, like cars and motorcycles. Following are some rules for driving
safely among trucks, tractor-trailers, and buses:

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• Blind Spots — It is easy for a car or
a motorcycle to be hidden in a large
vehicle’s blind spots. Therefore, do
not follow closely behind a truck or
a bus. When driving near a large
vehicle, be aware of the driver’s
blind spots on the right, left, front,
and behind.
• Tailgating — If you cannot see a
truck’s rearview mirrors, you are
This diagram shows the various blind spots for a
tailgating. Tailgating is dangerous. By tractor-trailer
following too closely, you are losing the
safety cushion you need if the vehicle in front of you stops short.
• Cutting in Front — Drivers of large vehicles try to keep a safety cushion of space
around them. A large truck may need twice as much distance to stop as an automobile
or a motorcycle, especially when roads are wet or icy. Do not drive into the space
immediately surrounding a large vehicle. Do not pull in front of a large vehicle and slow
down or stop suddenly. The driver will have too little room to stop and will crash into
you or may risk “jackknifing” by trying to stop suddenly at highway speeds.

Studies by the National Safety Council and the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety show that a fully
loaded tractor trailer may take twice as far to stop as a passenger vehicle.

• Driving Too Slowly — On a multiple-lane highway, trucks and buses can only drive in
the two right-hand lanes. They use the far right lane for normal travel and the second
lane for passing. If you travel in the second lane, stay with the flow of traffic and do not
drive below the minimum speed limit.
Driving too slowly in this lane can create a bottleneck of large vehicles. This can
increase highway traffic hazards. If the driver of a truck or bus wants to pass you, move
over when it is safe to do so and let the vehicle pass.
• Passing on the Left — It takes longer to pass a tractor-trailer or a bus than another car
or a motorcycle. Be aware that large vehicles travel slower uphill and faster downhill.
• Passing on the Right — Do not pass a
truck or bus on the right unless it is
absolutely necessary. Large vehicles
make wide turns, and sometimes they
must move to the left before making a
wide turn to the right. If you are next to a
truck or bus, you are probably in a blind
spot. Watch for possible right-hand turns,
and stay safely behind until you know
what the driver is doing.
• Truck or Bus Approaching — If If you are thinking about passing, remember that
a large vehicle is coming toward you on a tractor may be pulling more than one trailer.
an undivided road, stay to the right. You
will avoid being sideswiped or shaken by air turbulence. At intersections, take extra
care in judging the speed of the oncoming vehicle. Trucks and buses cannot slow down
easily if you cut in front of them to turn.
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Buses and Trolleys
Be very careful near public transport buses and trolleys. Buses stop often.
Be courteous and allow signaling buses to pull away from bus stops. Be
cautious of pedestrians entering or exiting buses or trolleys.
State law is very specific about driving near trolleys and their tracks:
• You must not drive closer than eight feet of a trolley passenger step
when the trolley is letting passengers on or off.
• Look for oncoming trolleys before crossing any tracks. Do not turn in front of a trolley if
one is approaching.
• Keep a safe distance between your vehicle and a trolley if the trolley is sharing the roadway.
Remember, a trolley’s path is limited to the tracks. A trolley driver cannot swerve to avoid you.
Slow-Moving Vehicles
Most farm vehicles, construction rigs, and other slow-moving vehicles have orange warning signs
attached to the back. If you approach one, reduce your speed and use caution. Treat them similar
to bicyclists and pedestrians. Leave plenty of space around the vehicle if you plan to pass.
Funeral Processions
A funeral procession is two or more vehicles, including a lead or escort vehicle, traveling
during daylight hours with the body or cremated remains of a deceased person. The rules
for operating in and around a funeral procession are set by M.G.L. Ch. 85, Section 14A.
Funeral processions have the right-of-way at intersections, with the EXCEPTION that they
must yield to emergency vehicles with flashing lights or sirens or when directed by law
enforcement. If the lead vehicle in a funeral procession (which may be a hearse or a police
vehicle) legally drives through an intersection, all vehicles in the procession may also drive
through the intersection, even if a traffic light changes or there is a stop sign.
If driving as part of a funeral procession, you must:
• Drive carefully at all times. You may follow the vehicle ahead as closely as is safe.
• Watch out for pedestrians or other vehicles when entering an intersection. As long as it
is safe to do so, you may follow the lead vehicle through an intersection, regardless of a
traffic light or stop sign.
• Not drive faster than 55 MPH on a highway with a speed limit of 55 MPH or higher. You
must also not go more than 5 MPH slower than the speed limit on any other public way.
• Have your headlights and taillights turned on.
• Have your hazard lights on, if you are the first or last vehicle in the procession.
If your vehicle is not part of the funeral procession:
• You may not drive between procession vehicles unless directed by law enforcement or
you are operating an emergency vehicle with siren and flashing lights turned on.
• You may not join the procession.
• You may not pass a procession on a multiple lane highway on the procession’s right, unless
the procession is in the far left lane.
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• You may not cross an intersection, even if you have a green light while a funeral
procession is passing through a red light, unless you can do so without crossing the
path of the procession.
A vehicle owned by a funeral home or a funeral home director may display a flashing purple light
(but no other color) when operated by the owner or an employee or contractor of the funeral home
during a funeral procession.

Road Workers and Repair Crews

Nationally in 2017, 799 people were killed in crashes that happened in
work zones.
Although road construction and maintenance sites are often well posted with warning signs,
you must take extra care to ensure the safety of anyone working on a roadway. Orange
warning signs and work equipment usually mean that people are on foot nearby. Follow road
work signs carefully, and stay alert. Look for sudden changes in road direction or condition. Be
prepared to stop. If you are cited for speeding in a “work area”, the fine will be doubled.

Animals and Horse-Drawn Vehicles

Always give the right-of-way to an animal that someone is leading, riding, or
driving. Animals are easily scared by motor vehicles. When you get near an
animal or horse-drawn vehicle, be careful and do the following.
• Slow down.
• Stop if the animal or vehicle is coming toward you or is crossing your path. Allow the
animal to pass.
• If the animal or vehicle is traveling in the same direction as you, allow plenty of room for
passing safely. Drive at a reasonable speed.
• Do not honk your horn or make a loud noise.
• If the animal you are passing looks scared, you must pull your vehicle to the side and stop.
• Proceed only when it is safe.
• You must stop if a rider or driver signals you to do so.
The law applies to horses, cows, and any other draft animals.
In rural areas, take extra care when passing hay rides. These are usually animal drawn and
full of passengers.

Parking
Stopping and parking your motor vehicle is regulated. It is important to ensure safety and a
smooth traffic flow. You should practice parking maneuvers and know the parking laws.
Here are some general rules about stopping and parking:
• You must not create a traffic hazard while parking or while your vehicle is stopped.
• You must always make sure that you leave at least a 12-foot wide, clear roadway for
traffic to pass.
• When you leave your vehicle by itself, state law requires you to stop the motor, set the
brake, make sure the ignition is locked, remove your key, and lock the door.

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• When you pull away from the curb, you must wait for vehicles in the travel lane to pass.
You must then signal that you are pulling out and move slowly into traffic.
Parallel Parking
1. Choose a space that is long enough for your vehicle. Make sure
parking is legal.
2. Pull up alongside the vehicle in front of the space. Leave about
two or three feet between your vehicle and the parked one.
Position your vehicle so that your rear bumper or front seats line
up with the rear bumper or front seats of the other vehicle.
3. Look behind you both ways to check for pedestrians and other
traffic.
4. Slowly back up and turn the steering wheel all the way toward
the curb. Rest your foot lightly on the brake. Look directly out your
rear window. Do not use your mirrors.
The steps in
5. When your front passes the parked vehicle’s rear bumper, turn parallel parking
your steering wheel the opposite way and continue backing up. Do
not hit the vehicle behind you.
6. When you are back far enough, straighten your wheels and pull forward. Make sure you
keep enough space in front of and behind you so that other vehicles can get out.
Parking on Hills
Always set your parking brake and leave your vehicle in gear when parking on a hill if you
have a manual transmission. If you have an automatic transmission, set your parking brake
and shift into park. You must turn your front wheels in the proper direction to stop it from
rolling downhill if the brake fails.
• No Curb — Turn your wheels inward,
toward the edge of the road.
• Uphill Against a Curb — Turn your
wheels outward, toward the travel lane.
• Downhill Against a Curb — Turn your wheels
inward, toward the curb.

Parking Regulations
Parking regulations are generally determined by state law and enforced by local cities and
towns. When these regulations are adopted by municipalities, they are often, but not
always, similar to the state regulations. If you park in a business or residential district, your
vehicle must be no more than 12 inches from the curb. The only exception is if angled
parking is allowed. Parking spaces are often marked by white road lines. You must park
your vehicle between these lines. You may not take part of two spaces. In Massachusetts,
you may not park your vehicle in certain places.
• In a zone posted with a NO PARKING, NO STANDING, or NO STOPPING sign
• In a bicycle lane
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• In a bus stop (the penalty for parking in a posted bus stop is $100)
• In a taxi stand
• In a zone and at a time posted for street cleaning
• In a posted loading zone
• Within 20 feet of an intersection
• In a crosswalk, in front of a driveway, or in front of a handicap-access ramp
• In a zone posted for HP-DV parking only (unless you have disabled person plates or
placards, or disabled veteran plates). The fine for a first offense is $300. The fine for
wrongful use of a disabled person or veteran plate or placard is a minimum of $500.
• In a striped crosshatch area next to an HP-DV space, even if you have disability plates
or a placard
• Within ten feet of a fire hydrant or fire lane
• On a sidewalk, curb, center traffic island, or median
• During a weather or roadway emergency
• Facing the wrong way against traffic
• On a state or an interstate highway, unless authorized
• On the Massachusetts Turnpike (fines range from $15 - $100)
• On a roadway in a rural area or outside a thickly settled district
• In a traffic lane next to a row of parked vehicles (“double parked”)
• To make nonemergency repairs to your vehicle
You may get a citation with a fine for violating a parking regulation. The fines for most of the
violations listed above are set by city or town ordinance and will vary depending on the city or
town. Unpaid parking tickets can stop you from renewing your license or vehicle registration.

See Appendix E for color

images of these signs.

Parking Meters
Many public parking spaces are operated by coin-fed meters. Rules and time limits usually
apply during posted days and hours.
If you park longer than allowed or fail to pay the meter fee, you may be issued a parking citation.

Parking Permits
Many cities and towns give special parking permits to residents. Certain streets have RESIDENT
PERMIT PARKING ONLY signs. If you do not have a permit or a special visitor’s placard, you may
not park there. Contact your local city or town to find out how to get a permit.

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 Miscellaneous Rules of the Road
Listed below are laws that have not yet been covered. It is illegal to...
• Drive on a bet or wager
• Drag race
• Throw anything out of your window while driving
• Throw garbage or glass onto a roadway or onto public or private land
• Throw lighted cigarettes or anything that can cause a fire near a forest or open field
• Bypass or cut out a motor vehicle’s muffler system
You must return used motor oil, transmission fluid, and other hazardous materials to the place
you bought them. The garage or store that sold it to you is responsible for disposing of it.

Rules for Pedestrians

Pedestrians must remember the following rules:
• State law requires you to use a crosswalk when one is available. If an intersection has
a traffic signal, press the button and wait for the WALK signal. Intersections with no
push buttons automatically give WALK signals. Be patient!
• Do not cross if the signal says DON’T WALK.
• Before you cross a roadway, stop at the curb, look left, look right, and look left again for
traffic. Do this even on a one-way street. Be alert while crossing. Be especially alert at
intersections that allow motor vehicles to turn right on red.
• If you must enter the street from between parked cars, stop and look before crossing.
• You must use a sidewalk when one is available. When no sidewalk is available, you
should walk on the shoulder facing traffic.
• Never walk along or across expressways, interstate highways, or turnpikes.
• Wear clothing with bright colors or reflective strips, especially at night.

See Appendix E for color

images of these signs.

Laws for Bicyclists and Motorists in the Presence of

Bicyclists (as amended by Chapter 525 of the Acts of 2008)
Bicyclists have the right to use all public ways in this state except limited access or express
state highways where signs specifically prohibiting bicycles have been posted. When riding
on public ways, bicyclists must obey the same basic traffic laws and regulations that apply
to motor vehicle operators. The rules for bicycles (including amendments) are listed here.

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As a bicyclist: (from Chap. 85, Section 11B)
• You can use the full lane anywhere, anytime, and on any street (except limited access
or express state highways where signs specifically prohibiting bicycles have been
posted), even if there is a bike lane.
• You must bike in the same direction as traffic unless otherwise indicated by signs or
markings.
• You must stop at red lights and stop signs.
• You can keep to the right when passing a motor vehicle moving in the travel lane.
• You must signal your intent by either hand to stop or turn. However, the signal does not
have to be continuous or be made at all if both hands are needed for the bicycle’s safe
operation.
• You can ride on sidewalks outside of business districts for safety unless banned locally.
• If on a sidewalk or shared use path, you must yield to pedestrians and give an audible
signal before overtaking or passing (no sirens or whistles).
• No more than two bicycles can be operated side-by-side. On a roadway with more than
one lane in the direction of travel, bicyclists riding side-by-side must stay in one lane
and not unnecessarily restrict a passing vehicle’s ability to overtake you.
• You must maintain a safe distance from other bicyclists, especially when approaching
intersections.
• You must slow down when approaching crosswalks, especially during heavy traffic.
• You must ride on or astride a permanent seat affixed to the bicycle. A passenger must
also ride on a permanent seat attached to the bicycle or to a trailer towed by the
bicycle.
• You cannot transport a person who is between one and four years old or who weighs
40 lbs. or less except in a “baby seat” attached to the bicycle. The person must be in a
harness, be seated in an upright position, and their hands and feet must be protected
from hitting the wheel spokes. A person can ride on or astride a seat on a tandem
bicycle if the person can reach the pedals and handlebars. You cannot transport a child
under the age of one year on a bicycle.
• A bicycle helmet approved by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission must be
worn by a bicycle operator or passenger under 16 years old. It must be secured to the
person’s head when the bicycle is operated on a public way or bicycle path, unless the
passenger is secured in an enclosed trailer which protects his/her head.
• You must give an audible warning (other than a siren or whistle) when necessary to
ensure safe operation.
• You can park your bicycle on a way or a sidewalk, but only if it does not obstruct vehicle
or pedestrian traffic.
• You cannot let the bicycle be pulled by another vehicle and can only tow a bicycle
trailer.
• You cannot carry any objects that would interfere with the safe operation of the bicycle
and must keep one hand on the handlebars at all times.
• You must have a proper working brake system to stop from 15 MPH within 30 feet.

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• From a half hour after sunset to a half hour before sunrise, you must have a white lamp
in front visible from up to 500 feet and a rear facing red light or reflector visible up to
600 feet.
• From a half hour after sunset to a half hour before sunrise, you must have a reflector on
each pedal or your ankles, or reflective material on yourself or on the bicycle. The
reflectors must be visible up to 600 feet from all sides.
• Your handlebars cannot be set at a height above your shoulders while gripping them
and you cannot extend the fork from its original manufacturer’s design.
• You must report any crash involving personal injury and any crash involving property
damage in excess of $100 to the police in the municipality where it occurred.
In addition to the laws listed above, bicyclists should also do the following:
• Ride in a straight line so drivers and pedestrians know where to expect you.
• Ride at appropriate speeds on shared paths and streets. If riding on a sidewalk where it
is legal, you must ride at a walking speed and yield to pedestrians.
• Put your phone away when biking. Do not text and bike.
• Yield to pedestrians. Be alert and prepared to stop for them.
• Slow down as you approach crosswalks.
• Ride outside of the "door zone" (at least three feet from parked cars) and watch for
opening car doors.
• Give other bicyclists room. Pass other bicyclists on the left, not the right. Don't cut in
front of other bicyclists who are stopped at an intersection.
• At intersections, assume drivers cannot see you. Slow down and try to make eye
contact with the driver. Anticipate when drivers may turn. Don't try to race by a driver at
an intersection. Maintain a safe speed.
• Give buses, trucks, and other large vehicles room and avoid riding next to them or
passing them. They make wide turns, take time to come to a full stop, and have large
blind spots. Be especially careful in the rear blind spot and don't assume the driver can
see you. Never pass a moving tractor trailer on the right.
• Don't pass buses on the right. You might hit someone exiting the bus or get squeezed
into the curb. If passing a bus on the left, pay attention and expect it to re-enter the lane.
• Do not wear headphones or earbuds in both ears while biking.

Wearing a proper bicycle helmet significantly reduces the risk of bicycle-related deaths and disabling
injuries.

As a motorist in the presence of bicycles:

• Do Not Cut-Off After Passing: When passing a bicycle traveling in the same direction
that is on your right, you must not return to the right until you have safely passed the
overtaken bicycle. (Chap. 89, Sec. 2)
• Do Not Make an Abrupt Turn After Passing: When passing a bicycle near an
intersection or driveway where you want to turn right, you cannot turn unless you are at
a safe distance from the bicyclist and you can make the turn at a reasonable and
proper speed. (Chap. 90, Sec 14)

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• Do Not Squeeze Bicycles in a Narrow Lane: If a lane is too narrow to pass a bicycle
at a safe distance, be PATIENT until you can safely use an adjacent lane or WAIT until
it is safe to pass in the lane you share. (Chap. 89, Sec. 2) You should stay at least three
feet away when passing.
• Do Not Fail to Yield When Turning Left: When turning left at an intersection or into
an alley, private road, or driveway, you must yield the right of way to a vehicle
approaching from the opposite direction, including a bicycle, if it is in the intersection or
close enough to be an immediate hazard. (Chap. 90, Sec 14)
• Watch for Bicycles on Your Right: Bicycles can legally ride to the right of motor
vehicle traffic. The law says it is not a defense for a motorist causing a crash with a
bicycle that the bicycle was to the right of other traffic. (Chap. 85, Sec 11B)
• Do Not Open a Door Without First Looking: Drivers and passengers can be fined up
to $100 for opening a vehicle door into an oncoming bicycle. (Chap. 90, Sec 14) Before
opening your door, you should always check behind you to make sure that no bicyclists
are approaching.
• Be aware that bicyclists can ride two bicycles side-by-side. However, on a road
with more than one lane in the direction of travel, they must stay in one lane. (Chap. 85,
Sec. 11B)
• Be aware that bicyclists Do Not Always Have to Signal Turns! Bicyclists must
signal their intent by either hand to stop or turn. However, the signal does not have to
be continuous or be made at all if both hands are needed for the bicycle’s safe
operation. (Chap. 85, Sec. 11B)

See Appendix E for color images of these signs.

The Danger of Open Doors to Bicyclists

Open vehicle doors pose a very serious threat to bicyclists. When opening a vehicle door,
drivers and passengers should do the following:
1. Check your rear-view mirror.
2. Check your side-view mirror.
3. Open the door with your far hand (the hand farther from the door).
This is called the "Dutch Reach" method because it originated in the Netherlands. It forces
your body to turn, which will better allow you to see approaching bicyclists. It also prevents
the vehicle door from being opened too fast. This not only protects bicyclists, but can also
prevent your door from being damaged or torn off by an approaching motor vehicle.
Bicyclists should ride at least three feet from parked cars to avoid doors, both on streets
with and without bike lanes. This will keep bicyclists outside of the "door zone" and protect
them from getting hit by opening vehicle doors.

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 The "Dutch Reach" method for opening vehicle doors.

Bicycle Boxes
Bicycle boxes are pavement markings that are installed at
intersections to allow bicyclists a safe way to turn when
approaching a red light. Bicycle boxes are green and have
an image of a bicyclist. At intersections, they are painted on
the pavement before the crosswalk and they cover the entire
travel lane.
Drivers must stop behind the bicycle box (even when it's
empty) and wait for a green light.
Bicyclists who are turning left should stop in the bicycle box,
move to the left side of the box, signal the turn, and wait for
the green light. Bicyclists traveling straight or turning right
should stay to the right in the bicycle box, in a staggered
formation, and wait for the green light.
Bicycle boxes can also be used by bicyclists to make a two-
stage left turn. A two-stage left turn allows bicyclists to make
a left turn in two separate steps, rather than crossing Example of a bicycle box
multiple lanes of traffic:
Step 1: Cross straight through the intersection on the green light and stop in the bicycle
box for the road you are turning onto.
Step 2: Wait for the green light and go straight through the intersection.

Separated Bicycle Lanes

Separated bicycle lanes, also know as cycle tracks and protected bike lanes, physically
separate bicycle traffic from vehicular traffic. Where bicycle lanes cross an intersection, they
are often indicated by green pavement with an image of a bicyclist. Bicycle lanes are not
intended for pedestrians, who must stay on the sidewalk.

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At intersections, drivers must stop at the stop line to allow pedestrians and bicyclists to cross
safely. When turning right, drivers must yield to pedestrians and bicylists who are crossing.
Bicyclists must ride in the proper direction on bicycle lanes. At intersections, bicyclists
should ride in the lane through the intersection, while watching for turning vehicles.
Bicyclists must yield to crossing pedestrians.

Common Bicycle Crash Scenarios

The images below show common crash scenarios between motor vehicles and bicyclists.
The motor vehicle is at fault in all of these crashes and drivers must always be alert for
bicycles that may be hidden by other vehicles or buildings. Drivers must also be careful to
not underestimate a bicyclist's speed or the amount of space needed to pass. In all of these
scenarios, bicyclists can increase their visibility and reduce the risk of a crash by riding
farther left in the lane.

Left Cross Right Hook

Drive Out Sideswipe

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Special
Driving
Situations
Only practice and experience can make you a good driver. About 40
percent of highway crashes involve drivers under 25 years old (RMV
Crash Data Department). Most of these crashes are caused by driver
inexperience. To be a good driver, you must follow these rules.
• Give driving your full attention. Don’t be distracted while driving.

•
Talking to passengers, adjusting a car stereo, or eating can all be
dangerous.
Drive defensively, and keep your eyes on the road ahead. By
staying alert, you will see hazards and have time to avoid them.
CHAPTER 5
• Learn to drive in different situations. Practice highway driving,
night driving, and handling a motor vehicle in different weather
conditions.
• Know how to handle emergency situations, such as skidding or
tire blowout.
• Know, understand, and obey the rules of the road.
This chapter explains defensive driving and how to handle special
driving situations. It also tells you what to do if there is a crash, even
if you are only a witness.

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 Moving Emergency Vehicle
• Always yield the right-of-way to fire engines, ambulances, police cars, and other
emergency vehicles that are using a siren and/or emergency flashing lights.
• If an emergency vehicle is coming from any direction, you must pull as close as possible to
the right side of the road. Stop until the vehicle has passed. Slowly rolling is not acceptable.
• Check your mirrors and find a safe place to pull over to the right. You should not pull your
vehicle to the left or slam on your brakes. Do not stop suddenly. Use your right turn signal.
• NEVER stop in the middle of an intersection. Drive through the intersection and pull
over as soon as it is safe.
• After the emergency vehicle has passed, use your left turn signal and make sure the
lane is clear. Be sure there are no other emergency vehicles approaching. Then you
can merge back into traffic.
• It is illegal to follow closer than 300 feet behind an emergency vehicle responding to an alarm.

Stationary Emergency and Maintenance Vehicles

In 2015, there were 422 crashes involving stopped emergency and maintenance vehicles in
Massachusetts.
• You must slow down and stay alert when you see an “emergency response vehicle”
stopped ahead of you with its emergency lights flashing. This includes fire trucks, police
cars, ambulances, and “disaster vehicles” (usually in support of other emergency
vehicles and services). This also includes highway maintenance vehicles or recovery
vehicles (tow truck, ramp truck, etc.) with flashing emergency lights. You must be
careful for the safety of yourself and others.
• The “move-over law” (Chapter 418 of the Acts of 2008) requires you to be cautious
and reduce your speed to a speed that is reasonable and safe for the road conditions
when you approach a stationary emergency vehicle with flashing lights. On a highway
with at least four lanes (at least two in the same direction you are heading), yield the
right-of way by safely “moving over” to a lane that is not next to the lane the emergency
vehicle is in. In other words, leave an open lane between your vehicle and the stopped
emergency vehicle. If “moving-over” is not possible, you must still be cautious and
reduce your speed to a reasonable and safe speed.
• Always be ready to stop if necessary when passing an emergency vehicle.
• At night, be sure to dim your high beams.
• If you need help, pull in front of the police cruiser and ask for help. Never stop behind
a police cruiser. (Do not approach a police officer who is dealing with a stopped
motorist. Stand next to your vehicle on the shoulder until the police officer is finished.)
• It is illegal to drive by or park within 800 feet of a fire. Do not drive over an unprotected
fire hose unless directed to by a firefighter or public safety official.

General Guidelines if You Are Stopped by a Police Officer

State law requires you to pull over to the side of the road and stop when signaled by a
police officer. You must pull over whether the officer is in a police car or on foot. Being pulled
over may cause anxiety for both you and the police officer. You may be anxious about getting a
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ticket or not know why you are being stopped. Police officers rarely know what to expect from a
driver or passengers. Because of this, they may be anxious about their own personal safety.
Your actions during a traffic stop may determine the police officer’s reaction. Arguing, disregarding
the officer’s instructions or requests, suggesting that the officer could be more productive by
stopping other drivers, or suddenly reaching under the seat or into unseen areas of the passenger
compartment are not appropriate. These actions may increase the officer’s own anxiety.
Traffic law enforcement is one of a police officer’s most important duties. They help to ensure
the orderly flow of traffic and to prevent deaths and injuries on our public roads. There is an
obvious need for constant enforcement. More persons are killed and injured in motor vehicle
crashes across the U.S. each year than in all other forms of violence combined. In 2017 (the
last year for which figures are available), 37,133 persons (drivers, passengers, pedestrians
and bicyclists) were killed and over 2,746,000 were injured in the U.S. in crashes (National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration-NHTSA). In 2017, Massachusetts had 334 deaths and
32,413 injuries from crashes (RMV Crash Data Department).
Police officers have reason to be worried about their safety during traffic enforcement. Each
year in the United States, a number of police officers are killed and thousands more are
assaulted. During 2018 alone, 2 police officers were killed and 5,108 others were assaulted
during traffic pursuits and stops (Federal Bureau of Investigation-Uniform Crime Reports).
To help reduce the levels of anxiety, you should do the following during a traffic stop.
• Don’t ignore the officer’s signal or pretend you didn’t see it.
• Turn on the appropriate turn signal and check your mirrors. Carefully and slowly move
your vehicle completely to the side of the road. If the officer drives by and doesn’t stop,
return to the travel lane when it is safe.
• Do not stop your vehicle in an intersection, in front of a driveway, or in a travel lane. If
the officer directs you to pull over in a certain place, pull over where directed.
• Put the car in park (if an automatic transmission) or in neutral with the parking brake on
(if a standard transmission). Turn off the engine and radio.
• Stay in the vehicle (both you and your passengers). Only get out if instructed by the officer.
If asked to get out of the vehicle, stay safely away from traffic and keep hands in plain view.
• If it is dark, leave your headlights on and put the interior overhead light on.
• Roll down your window as the officer walks toward you.
• The officer will usually explain why you were stopped. If not in uniform, the officer will
show you their credentials or you may ask to see them.
• Wait until the officer asks for your license and registration before you (or a passenger)
reach into the glove compartment. Do not suddenly reach into clothing while the officer
approaches or is present. While you know you are only reaching for the appropriate
documents, your movements may be reasonably seen by the officer as an attempt to
reach for a weapon or to hide something. The officer may feel threatened and may react
in a manner that you do not expect. Hand the documents to the officer when requested
and do not present the documents in a wallet or holder. Chapter 90, Section 11 of the
General Laws requires you to have your license and registration handy when operating a
vehicle. There is a $35 fine for a first offense for the failure to produce either document. If
you do not have your license and registration, the officer can ask for your name and

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 address and, if you do not own the vehicle, the name and address of the owner. If you
fail to comply, or provide a false name or address, you can be fined $100 (Chapter 90,
Section 25). You can also be arrested and face criminal charges if you refuse.
• Outside of Massachusetts, an officer may also request "proof of insurance" (based on
that jurisdiction's laws). Your registration identifies your insurance carrier and explains
that an insurance card is not issued under Massachusetts law.
• Keep your hands in plain sight and tell your passengers to do the same.
• Give your full attention to the officer and do not use a cell phone during the stop.
• Do not make any sudden movements or gestures that could seem threatening.
Examples of this could be reaching under the seats or into unlit areas of the vehicle.
Make sure your passengers do not do this either.
• Stay in your vehicle when the officer goes back to the police car. If you have a
question, wait until the officer returns. If you find something the officer requested, hold it
out the window and wait for the officer to return.
• Answer appropriately if the officer asks if there are any weapons in the vehicle.
• Be polite when the officer returns your license and registration. If the officer gives you a
ticket, do not argue. Once a citation is issued, the officer is required to file it and cannot
take it back. You have the right to challenge the citation in court. If you have questions
about the citation, you can ask the officer to clarify. Massachusetts does not require
you to sign a citation, but some other jurisdictions do. Read a citation before signing.
Your signature should only confirm receipt of the citation, not proof of a violation.
• When the officer tells you that you can go, put on your turn signal, check your mirrors,
and return to the travel lane. If you are on a highway, accelerate to a safe speed in the
breakdown lane before merging into traffic.
Remember that a police officer never knows what to expect when stopping a driver. Don’t
let your emotions or sudden unexplained movements (or those of your passengers) cause
more anxiety. The officer may be more likely to listen to you and less likely to feel
threatened if you follow these guidelines.
IMPORTANT: If you believe that you were stopped by a police officer because of your race
or your gender, or if you believe the officer's conduct during the stop was otherwise
inappropriate, you may report this by contacting the police department or law enforcement
agency of the officer who stopped you.

Driving Emergencies
In any emergency situation, it is very important to think clearly and don’t panic. You often
have only a short time to react. Read this section to learn what to do when an emergency
occurs. It could save a life.

Skidding
You should handle a skid the same for front- and rear-wheel drive vehicles:
• Slowly remove your foot from the gas pedal and shift into neutral.
• Don’t hit the brakes. You will make the skid worse.
• Turn your steering wheel in the direction of the skid. If your rear tires are skidding to the
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 left, turn your steering wheel left. If they are sliding right, steer right.
• You may need to steer left and right a few times until you get your car
completely under control.
Running Off the Pavement
If you drive off the pavement and onto the shoulder of the road:
• Hold the steering wheel tightly and slowly remove your foot from
the gas pedal.
• Gently apply the brake to reduce your speed.
• Check for traffic behind you, then steer gently back onto the road.
Flat Tire, Blowout, or Wheel Loss
If you get a flat tire, your tire blows out, or you lose a wheel:
• Grip the steering wheel tightly and slowly remove your foot from
the gas pedal. If your vehicle skids,
• Gently apply the brakes. always turn your steering
• If you begin to skid, turn the steering wheel in the direction of wheel
the
in the direction of
skid.
the skid.
• Gently straighten the car. Don’t use the brake until you have the vehicle under control.
• Pull your car off the road as soon as it is safe.
Brake Failure
If your vehicle has antilock brakes and the brakes fail to respond when you are fully
pressing the brake pedal, you should do the following:
• Downshift to a lower gear, and work your way down to the lowest gear, if necessary.
• Apply the parking brake gently. Hold the brake release in case your vehicle starts to skid.
• If you cannot slow your vehicle, sound your horn and flash your lights to warn drivers or
pedestrians around you.
If your vehicle does not have antilock brakes, you should pump the brake pedal several
times rapidly to build up brake fluid pressure. Do not pump antilock brakes. If this does
not work, you should then follow the steps listed above.
You can determine what type of brakes you have by checking the indicator on your
dashboard or checking your vehicle's user manual.

Stuck Gas Pedal

If your gas pedal sticks:
• Put your car in neutral and press the brake pedal to slow down.
• Try to free the gas pedal with your foot.
• If the gas pedal doesn’t release, reapply the brakes.
• Keep your eyes on the road.
• When safe, pull your vehicle to the side of the road and bring it to a stop.
Vehicle Approaching Head On
If a vehicle is driving toward you head on in your lane:
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• Slow down and pull to the right.
• Sound your horn to alert the other driver.
Headlight Failure
If your headlights suddenly go out:
• Turn on your parking lights, emergency flashers, or turn signal.
• Try the headlight switch a few times.
• Pull off the road as quickly as possible and leave your emergency flashers on.
Stalling on Railroad Tracks
If your vehicle stalls on railroad tracks and a train is coming:
• Get everyone out of the vehicle IMMEDIATELY and move as far from the tracks as you can.
• To avoid being hit by wreckage, run in a 45 degree angle away from the tracks in the
direction that the train is coming, then immediately call 911.
If your vehicle stalls on railroad tracks and a train is NOT coming:
• Roll down your window or open your door and listen for a train.
• Try to start your engine.
• If your vehicle won’t start, shift to neutral and try to push the vehicle off the tracks.
• If you cannot move your vehicle from the tracks, call the toll free Emergency Notification
System (ENS) number that is located in the middle of the crossbuck or on the metal
box near the grade crossing. Give the railroad dispatcher the DOT grade crossing
locator number that is also on the sign. Be sure to specify that a vehicle is on the tracks
and follow the dispatcher's instructions.
You should also call the ENS number if you see anything suspicious (such as tampering with rail
switches) along a railroad.

Breakdowns
• Move your vehicle to the side of the road. Never park on a hill or a curve where others
cannot see you. If you cannot get your vehicle off the pavement, get all passengers out
of the vehicle and off the road.
On a highway with a breakdown lane or shoulder, move your vehicle as far from the
travel lane as you can. Do not stand near the travel lane or in the breakdown lane.
• Turn on your emergency warning lights (flashers). At night, also turn on your vehicle’s
interior lights.
• Tie a white cloth to your antenna or door handle (use a red cloth when it’s snowing).
Raise your vehicle’s hood.
• If you have flares or reflective signs, place them 200 feet in front of and behind your
vehicle to warn other drivers.
The Highway Assistance Patrol (HAP) provides help to stranded drivers. It is operated by the
MassDOT-Highway Division and sponsored by MAPFRE | Commerce Insurance.
For more information, visit MassDOT.State.MA.US/Highway/TrafficTravelResources/
EmergencyRoadsideAssistance.aspx

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Car Catches Fire
If you see smoke coming from under your vehicle’s hood:
• Pull off the road, turn off the ignition, and move away from the vehicle.
• Call the fire department or emergency services.
• Do not try to fight the fire unless you have an extinguisher.
Vehicle Drives into Water
If your car drives into water:
• Unfasten your safety belt and escape through a window.
• If you have power windows, open them quickly before the water causes them to stop working.
• Do not open a door. This would cause water to rush in and your vehicle could flip over.
If your vehicle sinks before you can get out, climb into the rear seat. An air pocket may form
there. When the vehicle settles, take a deep breath and escape through a window.

Driving Through Tunnels

Public Safety is a priority at MassDOT. Please follow these important safety tips when
traveling through our tunnels.
If You are in a Crash or a Disabled Vehicle in a Tunnel:
Most major tunnels within Massachusetts are monitored by the Highway Operations Center.
State Police and MassDOT personnel are located throughout the tunnel system to respond
to incidents as soon as possible.
• Pull to the side of the road, if you can.
• Activate your hazard flashing lights.
• Call 911 and follow instructions.
• Stay in your vehicle if it is safe to do so.
• Wait for emergency personnel for help.
When Entering A Tunnel:
• Stay alert!
• Turn on your headlights.
• Obey all signs and signals.
• Listen to the radio for traffic updates.
• Do not enter if you notice smoke near the entrance or if your car is smoking or burning.
• Maintain a safe driving distance.
• Hazardous Materials are prohibited, including propane.
In Heavy Traffic:
• Listen to the radio for updates.
• Keep a safe distance from other vehicles, even if traffic is moving slowly.
• Note the location of emergency exits.
• Follow the instructions of MassDOT officials, State Police, and message signs.
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If There's A Fire:
• Stop, turn off the engine, and exit your vehicle.
• To help emergency personnel, leave your keys in the vehicle.
• For your safety, leave your stuff in the vehicle.
• Call 911.
• Follow the instructions of Fire Department, State Police, MassDOT officials, and
message signs.
• Exit at the nearest tunnel entrance, unless directed otherwise.
• Help others, if you can.
Please remember: Fire and smoke can kill. Save your life, not your car.

Traffic Crashes
Each year, there are more than 130,000 motor vehicle crashes in Massachusetts. You can
lower your chances of a crash by obeying the rules of the road, following the instructions in
this manual, and learning to drive defensively. If you are involved in or witness any crash,
state law requires you to do as follows.

If You Are Involved in a Crash

When you’re involved in a crash, even a small one, you must stop your vehicle. Never leave
the scene of a crash. It’s against the law. You could be charged with a “hit and run” violation.
Property Damage Only
1. Move your vehicle off the road, if possible.
2. Exchange name, address, driver’s license number, vehicle registration, and insurance
information with all drivers or property owners who are involved. You must show your
driver’s license and registration, if asked to.
3. If you damaged a parked vehicle or other property, you must try to locate the owner
to report the crash or notify the local police.
4. Within five days of the crash, you must file a crash report with both the RMV and the local
police department. You must report any crash with $1,000 or more of property damage.
5. If you’ve injured a cat, dog, or any other animal, notify the local police and, if
possible, the animal’s owner.
If you have a cellular phone, you can contact the state police to report any emergency by calling 911.

Crashes Involving Injuries

1. Check to see if anyone is injured.
2. Call the police and request an ambulance or EMTs, if necessary.
3. If possible, move your vehicle off the road.
4. Exchange name, address, driver’s license number, vehicle registration, and insurance
information with anyone who is injured and with any other drivers involved. You must
show your driver’s license and registration, if asked to.
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5. Within five days of the crash, you must file a crash report with both the RMV and the
local police department. You must report any crash that caused injury or death or that
caused $1,000 or more of property damage.
6. Notify your insurance company.
Emergency First Aid Tips
• Don’t move an injured person unless absolutely necessary. If you must move someone
because of a life-threatening situation, fully support the person’s head and spine.
• Check to see if the person is breathing. If the person is not breathing and you are
certified in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), begin performing CPR immediately.
• If the person is bleeding, put pressure directly on the wound. Maintain pressure until
help arrives.
• Cover the injured person with a blanket or coat to provide warmth and prevent shock.
Hit and Run Crashes (Leaving the Scene of a Crash
Without Identifying Yourself)
From 2015 through 2017, Massachusetts averaged 8,175 “hit & run” crashes each year in
which drivers leave the scene without stopping and identifying themselves.
Leaving the scene of a crash can result in serious consequences, both for the driver (once
caught), and for any victims left behind at the scene.
When you’re involved in a crash, even a small one, you must stop your vehicle. Never leave
the scene of a crash involving a death, personal injuries, and/or property damage
without stopping and identifying yourself. You must stay on the scene, properly
identify yourself, give aid if possible, and call for emergency assistance if needed.
If you leave the scene after a crash without properly identifying yourself, you could be
criminally charged with a “leaving the scene” violation and face the following maximum
penalties.
• Up to $200 or up to two years imprisonment, or both, for leaving the scene after a crash
causing damage to another vehicle or other property (M.G.L. c.90, Section 24 (2) (a))
• Up to $1000 and imprisonment of up to two years for leaving the scene after a crash
causing personal injury to any person (not resulting in death) (Section 2 (a ½) (1))
• Up to $5000 and imprisonment of up to 2 ½ years in jail or up to 10 years in state
prison for leaving the scene after a crash causing personal injury to any person that
resulted in death (Section 2 (a ½) (2))
If you hit and injure or kill a cat or dog and do not notify the animal's owner or the local
police, you can be fined under M.G.L. Chapter 272, Section 80H.
Any criminal conviction may result in probation costs and you may be subject to up to six-
years of insurance surcharges. Your driver’s license may also be suspended. See the
license suspension periods and reinstatement fees in the “Criminal Offenses and
Suspensions Chart” in Chapter 2 of this Manual.

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If You Witness a Crash
If you drive by a crash and there are police and emergency vehicles there, use good judgment.
Reduce your speed and drive carefully. Look out for people and equipment in the road. Do not
stop or slow down to “sightsee.” This is dangerous and will cause a traffic problem.
If you see a crash and there are no police or emergency vehicles:
1. Park your car off the road. Turn on your emergency flashers to warn other drivers.
2. Check to see if anyone is injured.
3. If you have a cellular phone, call the police. If you don’t have a cellular phone, tell the
next person who stops with a phone to call the police, or try to flag down a passing
vehicle and ask the driver to get help.
4. If anyone has flares, emergency triangles, or reflectors, put them 200 feet or more in
front of and behind the crash to warn other drivers.
5. Follow the emergency first aid tips listed on the previous page.
6. If possible, move all vehicles involved in the crash to the side of the road.
7. Turn off the ignition of all vehicles involved in the crash.
Do not go near any electrical wires that have fallen because of a crash. If electrical wires
have landed on a vehicle, tell the people inside to remain inside until emergency personnel
arrive. Do not touch the vehicle.

Reporting a Crash
You must report any motor vehicle crash you are in that causes someone to be killed or
hurt, or that causes $1,000 or more in property damage. You must file a written report with
the RMV within five days of the crash. If you are required to file a crash report, but you do
not, you can be fined and your license can be suspended or revoked.
Just reporting a crash to your insurance company is not enough. You must follow all the
instructions in this section.

You can get a Motor Vehicle Crash Operator Report at your local police station, an RMV
Service Center, or by calling the RMV's Contact Center. You can also download the report
from our website at Mass.Gov/RMV.
Where to send completed reports:
1. Mail or deliver one copy to the local police department in the city or town where the
crash happened.
2. Mail one copy to your Insurance Company.
3. Mail one copy to the RMV at the address below.
Crash Records, Registry of Motor Vehicles,
P.O. Box 55889, Boston, MA 02205-5889
You should keep a copy of the report for your own files.
You can request a copy of a crash report completed by law enforcement online at
Mass.Gov/RMV for $20.
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Owning a
Vehicle

If you own or lease a motor vehicle in Massachusetts, you must

meet certain obligations to keep your vehicle legally registered and
safe for the road, with some exceptions:
• A vehicle owned or leased by a resident of Massachusetts
must be registered, have at least the minimum required liability
insurance coverage, and display a valid inspection sticker to
be operated on public ways in Massachusetts.
CHAPTER 6
• Each vehicle must have a Certificate of Title.

• You must pay 6.25 percent sales tax on any vehicle you buy.
This chapter presents information on meeting each of these
obligations for private passenger vehicles and motorcycles. Unless
exempted by law, each person operating a motor vehicle should
have a Certificate of Registration on his or her person or in his or
her vehicle at all times.
Checklists for common registration and title transactions are available
on Mass.Gov/RMV. They list the requirements and documentation you
will need to successfully complete your transaction at a service center.

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 Vehicle Registration
Although there are a few exceptions, if you are a Massachusetts resident, to drive a vehicle
legally on the roads of Massachusetts, you must register your vehicle with the RMV and your
vehicle must bear the assigned license plates. All vehicle registrations are subject to periodic
renewal with fees.
When you are issued two plates, you must display both plates.

When you register a passenger vehicle or motorcycle, you will be issued license plates that
you must mount on your vehicle. Newly registered passenger vehicles are issued two plates
for front and back mounting; motorcycles require single plates. For each renewal period that
your registration is valid, you will receive a plate decal that must be placed in the upper
right corner of the rear plate. Failure to place the decal as instructed can result in a fine.
For motorcycles, you must also affix an inspection sticker each year (see the Vehicle
Inspections section later in this chapter).

ID Requirements for Registration

Chapter 90, Section 2 establishes identity requirements for the registration of a motor vehicle
in the Commonwealth. A resident of Massachusetts, or another state or country, who does
not have an unexpired driver’s license, an unexpired Massachusetts ID, or a Social Security
Number, will be required to prove lawful presence in the U.S. to obtain a registration.
This requirement applies to the following registration transactions:
• New Registrations
• Registration Transfers
• Plate Swaps
• Renewals
• Amendments
• Reinstatements
When you apply for a registration for a motor vehicle or trailer, you must provide at least
ONE (1) of the following forms of identification for a registration:
• Your unexpired Massachusetts Driver’s License or Massachusetts ID Card
Number. The number must be provided on the Registration and Title Application and it
will be verified by the RMV.
• Your unexpired Out-of-State or Out-of-Country Driver’s License. The number must be
provided on the Registration and Title Application and the physical license must be
presented. If the owner of the vehicle is not physically present, a photocopy of the license
must be presented. The photocopy must show both the front and back of the license, be in
full color, and all data elements must be legible. When renewing your registration, you will
need to show this proof again if the license originally presented has expired.
• Your Social Security (SSN) Card. The number must be provided on the Registration
and Title Application and the physical SSN Card must be presented.

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• Proof of lawful presence. Intention to prove lawful presence must be indicated on the
Registration and Title Application. To prove lawful presence, you must present one of
the documents listed in the Documents to Prove Lawful Presence/Date of Birth section
on page 13.
Note 1: If a vehicle has two owners, both owners must meet this requirement.
Note 2: When registering a vehicle in the name of a sole proprietor with a Federal Identification
Number (FID) or Employer Identification Number (EIN), the sole proprietor is required to also
provide his/her SSN on the registration application and present the physical SSN Card.
Exceptions
ID requirements for registration do not apply to the following entities:
• Business owners (companies, corporations, limited liability companies, incorporations, or
general partnerships) – must have an FEID/FID to register a vehicle
• Lessees – the leasing company is the owner of the vehicle
• Trusts with FEIN – must provide proof of trust to register a vehicle
• Moped owners – mopeds are not classified as motor vehicles

New Registrations
To register a newly acquired new or used vehicle, you must follow these steps:
1. Go to an authorized Massachusetts insurance agent and have the agent fill out, stamp,
and sign a Registration and Title Application.
2. After verifying the information, sign the application.
3. Make a reservation to visit an RMV Full Service Center and bring the completed
application, along with the Certificate of Origin for a new vehicle, the previous owner's
certificate of title for a used vehicle, or a bill of sale and copy of last registration for a
non-titled vehicle. You may also need to provide proof of lawful presence (see the ID
Requirements for Registration section for more information).
4. Payment of Sales or Use Tax: For a new vehicle, you will pay a 6.25 percent sales tax
or use tax based on the price you paid the Massachusetts dealer or an out-of-state
dealer. If the vehicle is used and was purchased from a private party or an out-of-state
dealer who is not registered with the Massachusetts Department of Revenue (DOR),
the vehicle sales tax is calculated as 6.25 percent of the actual purchase price or 6.25
percent of the NADA trade-in (book) value, whichever is higher. Acceptable
evidence of the purchase price you paid includes the following documents:
a. If the vehicle was purchased from a licensed Massachusetts dealer or an out-
of-state dealer registered with the Massachusetts DOR, you will need a
completed Registration and Title Application that clearly shows the price you paid
for the vehicle in the area labeled Sales or Use Tax Schedule.
b. If the vehicle was purchased from an out-of-state dealer not registered with
Massachusetts DOR, you will need either a completed Registration and Title
Application or a completed purchase contract that clearly shows the price paid.

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 c. If the vehicle was purchased from a private party, if the vehicle does not have a
title, if the Certificate of Title does not have a space provided for sale price
information, or the price information was not included, you need a bill of sale that
clearly shows the price you paid.
d. By law, you MUST apply for a Certificate of Title for a motor vehicle or trailer within
ten days of purchase. Failure to apply within ten days is a criminal offense under
Chapter 90D, Section 32, and you may be fined at least $500. You MUST also pay
the required sales or use tax at the time you apply for the Certificate of Title, even if
you do not register the vehicle at that time. Late payment of the sales or use tax
subjects you to penalties and interest from the Department of Revenue.
Sales tax may be paid in cash or by credit/debit card, certified check, personal check, or money
order, made payable to MassDOT.
In addition to sales tax, your local city or town levies an annual excise tax.
To apply for a tax abatement (rebate), you must submit a form to the DOR. To obtain a form, call
the DOR at 1-800-392-6089.

5. Pay the registration fee and title fee (the registration fee will vary based on the plate
type - please see our fee chart for more information); special registration plates require
an additional fee for each renewal period. The title fee is $75.
6. State law requires you to have your vehicle undergo a Massachusetts motor
vehicle inspection within seven days of registration (see the Vehicle Inspections
section later in this chapter).
All fees are subject to change at any time.

Rules for Military Personnel

If you are serving on extended active military duty, the following two cases generally apply:
• If your vehicle was purchased, titled, and registered in your home state, you may retain
your home state registration indefinitely, regardless of where you are stationed in the
country. The only requirement is that you carry insurance at least equal to Massachu-
setts minimum levels.
• If your vehicle was purchased, titled, and registered in a state other than your home state,
you will need to register the vehicle in each state you are assigned to. If you are not a
Massachusetts resident and your vehicle falls into this category, you may drive the vehicle
with the existing out-of-state registration for 30 days only. You must register and title the
vehicle in Massachusetts before the 30-day period has expired.
If you are returning from service abroad and your vehicle bears plates issued by the Armed
Forces, you may drive the vehicle for up to 30 days for the purpose of traveling to military
duty or to your place of residence.

Registration Renewal
You are obligated to renew your vehicle registration, when necessary. About six to eight
weeks before your registration expires, you should receive an Application for Renewal in
the mail. The application will indicate if you need to provide proof of the lawful presence
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requirement (see the ID Requirements for Registration section). If you do need to provide
proof, you can only renew in an RMV Service Center after making a reservation.
Note: If you did not receive your Application for Renewal, it could be because . . .
• You have outstanding parking tickets, excise tax bills, abandoned vehicle citations, or
unpaid E-ZPass/Fast Lane violations. If you do, the city or town must release your
obligation from the RMV database or provide a certified release form.
• You have outstanding court warrants. If you do, you must obtain a recall notice from
the court that issued the warrants.
• You have outstanding child support obligations. If you do, you must contact the DOR
at 1-800-332-2733.
If you do not receive an Application for Renewal, please call the RMV Contact Center to
make sure your correct address is listed with the RMV.
To check the current status of your registration and find out if you are eligible to renew, visit
Mass.Gov/RMV and select Registration Inquiry.

Renewal by Mail
When you receive your Application for Renewal, you are asked to do the following:
1. Verify that all information on the application is correct.
2. Indicate any changes or corrections on the application by marking an X in the box.
3. If your application shows Ins Stamp Required, have your insurance agent stamp and
sign the application.
4. Make sure the application has been signed by all owners listed on the front and that all own-
ers have included their driver’s license numbers and dates of birth in the space provided.
5. Mail the completed insurance-certified application and payment (check or money order
only made payable to MassDOT) to this address:
Mail-In Registration/Data Scan
Registry of Motor Vehicles
P.O. Box 55891
Boston, MA 02205-5891
Please allow at least ten days for processing.

Renewal by Phone or Internet

Eligible customers can renew registrations by calling the RMV Contact Center or by using the
Internet (may be restricted by plate type).
To renew over the phone, call 866-MASSRMV (866-627-7768). To renew using the Internet,
go to Mass.Gov/RMV. If you have outstanding parking tickets, unpaid excise taxes or a
suspended or revoked registration, you will not be able to renew your registration.

Duplicate Registration
If you lose your registration certificate, you may apply for a duplicate by taking one of the
following steps.

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By Internet or Phone
Visit the RMV’s website (Mass.Gov/RMV) or call the RMV Contact Center. You must pay
the $25 fee with a MasterCard, VISA, Discover, or American Express card.

All fees are subject to change at any time.

Canceling a Registration
You can cancel your vehicle registration and plates online even if you do not have the
plates to turn in.
To cancel your registration and plates online, visit Mass.Gov/RMV. Once the cancellation is
complete, you can download a Registration Cancellation Receipt. You must then bend and
recycle or destroy the plates, if you have them.
Please keep the Registration Cancellation Receipt for your records and provide a
photocopy to your insurance company. You may be able to use it to seek an abatement of
your excise tax from your local city or town.

Failure to properly cancel a registration may result in additional excise tax being due and
your registration being revoked due to insurance cancellation.

You may be able to cancel your registration through your insurance agent. Contact your agent to
see if they can process this transaction for you.
If you need to cancel somebody else's registration and plates, you must complete and sign
an Affidavit for Cancellation of Registration, as proof that you have that person's
authorization.

Transferring a Registration to a Newly Acquired Vehicle

The Seven-Day Registration Transfer Law
The seven-day registration transfer law allows you enough time to transfer the registration
from your current vehicle to a vehicle you just bought.
Under this law, if you transfer ownership or lose possession of your vehicle or trailer, you have
seven calendar days to transfer your registration to another vehicle or trailer. During these seven
days, you may operate your new vehicle with the registration plates from your old vehicle.
However, you must transfer your registration to your new vehicle by 5:00 p.m. of the seventh day
after transferring ownership of your former vehicle. The day of transfer counts as the first day.

You cannot use the Seven-Day period to transfer your registration if you have retained the currently
registered vehicle.
The following conditions of the law apply:
• The seller has properly assigned the Certificate of Origin (if a new vehicle) or the
Certificate of Title (if a used vehicle) and delivered it to the buyer when the newly
acquired vehicle is delivered (MGL c. 90D, §15).
• The term vehicle means a motor vehicle or trailer.

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• The term owner means a person, a corporation, or another entity that is legally qualified
to hold title to property.
• The owner, if a person, must be at least 18 years old.
• The previously owned vehicle and the newly acquired vehicle must be the same type
and have the same number of wheels.
• When operating the newly acquired vehicle, the owner must carry an original copy of
the bill of sale, or, if the vehicle was purchased from a dealer, the owner must carry the
purchase and sales agreement indicating the registration number to be transferred and
the registration card of the transferred vehicle.
• The registration plates must be attached to the newly acquired vehicle.
• The phrase lose possession means an involuntary circumstance, like theft or repossession.
• The newly acquired vehicle may be a new or used motor vehicle or trailer.

Temporary Plates
Beginning November 12, 2019, temporary plates will be issued for certain plate types no
longer stocked in RMV Service Centers. These plate types include charitable special design
plates, low volume plates, and vanity plates. Temporary plates are printed on paper and a
plastic sleeve is provided. They must be affixed to the rear of the vehicle with the plate
number visible. Temporary plates are valid for 20 days and include detailed vehicle
information. You will also receive a temporary registration to be carried in the vehicle. Your
permanent plates and registration will be mailed within 20 days to your mailing address on
file with the RMV. If you choose to have your permanent plates mailed to a service center,
you will receive a letter within 20 days to notify you that they can be picked up.
• Vehicles can be inspected with temporary plates
• If you do not receive your permanent plate within 17 days of the issuance of the temporary
plate, you can apply for an extension. To apply for an extension visit Mass.Gov/RMV
• The temporary plate is authorized for use of the vehicle listed on it until you receive the
permanent plate
• Reproduction of the temporary plate is prohibited

Registration Policies for New Residents

Converting an Out-of-State Registration
You must register your vehicle in Massachusetts as soon as you become a Massachusetts
resident. The law does not provide a grace period.
To convert your out-of-state vehicle registration, follow the instructions in the New
Registrations section earlier in this chapter. See the ID Requirements for Registration
section for information on providing proof of lawful presence.
If you want to convert your out-of-state registration and your current certificate of title is being
held by your lienholder, you must submit your out-of-state registration and list your
lienholder information on the Registration and Title Application. A letter will be sent to the

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lienholder requesting the out-of-state title be mailed to the Title Division. Once it is received,
the lienholder will receive a clear Massachusetts title.
If your vehicle has been registered in another state, you may have to pay some sales tax.
To determine your Massachusetts sales tax, call the DOR at 617-887-6367.
Follow the instructions earlier in this chapter for applying for a title and registration. The registration
and plates are valid for two years. The RMV will process and mail your new title to you.

Nonresidents Registering in Massachusetts

Even a nonresident (anyone whose legal residence is outside the Commonwealth) may be
required to register and/or insure a motor vehicle or trailer in Massachusetts in certain
situations. Following are some examples:
• Nonresidents whose primary residences are in other states may not operate motor
vehicles or trailers in Massachusetts for more than 30 total days in one year unless they
have liability insurance (see the Insurance and Merit Rating section later in this chapter).
• Nonresidents must register in Massachusetts the motor vehicles or trailers they use for
their Massachusetts businesses. If nonresidents use their vehicles in Massachusetts
and one or more other states, they must register the average number of vehicles they
use in Massachusetts. Other rules apply to vehicles owned by nonresidents who have
“apportioned” license plates from other states.
• Nonresidents who own motor vehicles or trailers that are registered in other states or
countries must register those vehicles and trailers in Massachusetts if Massachusetts
residents have or control those vehicles or trailers for more than 30 total days in one
calendar year.
• Nonresidents who must register their motor vehicles or trailers in Massachusetts may
still be required to register those vehicles or trailers in their states of residence. This is
called “dual registration.”
If you know of an illegally registered out-of-state vehicle, contact the RMV’s anonymous tip line at
1-800-I PAY TAX (1-800-472-9829).
Please report the vehicle type, the plate number, the location, and how long the vehicle has been in
the area. Include local address of the person you believe owns the vehicle, if you know it.
Exemption for Enrolled Students: While nonresidents who are enrolled as full-time
students in Massachusetts schools, colleges, and universities do not have to register their
out-of-state vehicles in Massachusetts, they must complete and file Nonresident Student
Vehicle Information Forms with the police departments in the cities and towns where
their schools, colleges, and universities are located. These forms, which should be
available at schools, colleges, universities, and on Mass.Gov/RMV, provide registration,
residence, and insurance information. In addition to submitting these completed forms, full-
time nonresident students must carry full liability insurance policies.
This exemption does not apply to graduate students who are compensated beyond
the cost of tuition or to fully registered medical practitioners (per the definition of
“student” defined in MGL c. 90, §1).

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Motorcycles, Motorized Bicycles (Mopeds), Motorized Scooters, and
Segways
Motorcycle Registration
By law, a motorcycle is any motor vehicle having a seat or saddle for the use of the rider
and designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact with the ground, including
any bicycle with a motor or driving wheel attached. A three-wheeled motor vehicle on which
the operator and passenger ride within an enclosed cab may be registered as a motorcycle
if the manufacturer indicates it meets the safety standards for a motorcycle on the
Certificate of Origin and it is designed to be operated on public ways.
A motorcycle is registered in the same fashion as any other motor vehicle, using the
Registration and Title Application.
A tractor or a motor vehicle designed for the carrying of golf clubs and not more than four
persons, an industrial three-wheel truck, or a motorized bicycle are not considered motorcycles.

Motorized Bicycle (Moped) Registration

By law, a moped (also known as a motorized bicycle) is a pedal bicycle which has a helper
motor, or a non-pedal bicycle which has a motor, with a cylinder capacity not exceeding fifty
(50) cubic centimeters, an automatic transmission, and which is capable of a maximum
speed of no more than thirty (30) miles per hour (mph).
To register a moped, you must complete a Motorized Bicycle (Moped) Registration Application.
This application is available at Mass.Gov/RMV. The registration fee is $40.00 for two years. You
will receive a single moped plate, decal, and a moped registration certificate. Moped plates are
valid for two years and expire in March. The plate with decal affixed must be placed on the rear of
the moped (instructions are provided on the registration certificate). You must carry the moped
registration certificate whenever you operate the moped.

Motorized Scooters
The Registry of Motor Vehicles will not register motorized scooters. By law, a
motorized scooter is any two-wheeled tandem or three-wheeled device that has handlebars,
is designed to be stood or sat upon by the operator, and is powered by an electric or gas
powered motor that is capable of propelling the device with or without human propulsion.
The definition of a “motorized scooter” shall not include a motorcycle, motorized bicycle, or
three-wheeled motorized wheelchair.

Segways
The RMV has determined that a “Segway” cannot be registered in this state as a “motor
vehicle” or as a “motorized bicycle” (moped). The Segway, a battery-powered vehicle with
two (2) wheels (not in tandem), uses gyroscopes to help maintain balance, carries the
operator in a standing position, and has a top speed of approximately 12 1/2 mph. Segways
do not have the same legal rights to use public ways as bicycles. Municipalities may
regulate their use on local ways and public property with ordinances, laws, or regulations.

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Special Categories of Vehicles
Limited Use Vehicles
A limited use vehicle can have two or more wheels and is capable of a speed greater than 30
mph, but is not capable of exceeding 40 mph. It must be certified by the manufacturer to meet
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards for its vehicle type. Depending on the vehicle type,
these vehicles can be registered as limited use motorcycles, passenger vehicles, or commericial
vehicles. The registration fee will depend on the vehicle type. Limited Use Plates are available
for passenger vehicles, motorcycles, commercial vehicles, livery vehicles, and taxis.

Low Speed Vehicles

A Low Speed Vehicle (LSV) is a “motor vehicle” that has four wheels, a minimum speed of
20 mph, a maximum speed of 25 mph, and a gross weight rating of less than 3,000 lbs.
New and used LSVs must be certified by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
(NHTSA) as meeting federal safety standards, be equipped as required by federal and state
law, be insured, be inspected annually, and be operated by properly licensed drivers or
permit holders accompanied by qualified drivers. LSVs can only be registered and used as
“passenger vehicles.”

Custom Vehicles
A custom vehicle is a motor vehicle that was manufactured after 1948, has a model year at
least 25 years old, and has been altered from the manufacturer’s original design or has a
body constructed, in whole or in part, from non-original materials.
To register and title a custom vehicle, it must have a vehicle identification number assigned
from the Massachusetts State Police Salvage Unit or from another jurisdiction. You must
present the vehicle's previous Certificate of Title.

Replica Vehicles
A replica motor vehicle is a motor vehicle that was constructed or assembled by a non-
manufacturer from new or used parts that, when assembled, replicates an earlier year,
make, and model vehicle.
To register and title a replica vehicle, it must have a vehicle identification number assigned
from the Massachusetts State Police Salvage Unit or from another jurisdiction. You must
also present the Certificate of Origin from the manufacturer of the replica kit, the Bill of Sale
or invoice for the replica kit, and the Cetificate of Title from the donor vehicle of the chassis
(unless the kit included a frame that was listed on the Certificate of Origin).

Specially-Constructed Vehicles
A specially-constructed motor vehicle is a motor vehicle that was reconstructed or
assembled by a non-manufacturer from new or used parts, and that does not replicate or
resemble any other manufactured vehicle.
To register and title a specially-constructed vehicle, it must have a vehicle identification
number assigned from the Massachusetts State Police Salvage Unit or from another
jurisdiction. You must present the vehicle's previous Certificate of Title.

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Street Rods
A street rod is a motor vehicle that was manufactured before 1949 and has been altered from
the manufacturer’s original design or has a body constructed from non-original materials.
To register and title a street rod, it must have a vehicle identification number assigned from
the Massachusetts State Police Salvage Unit or from another jurisdiction. You must present
the vehicle's previous Certificate of Title.

Special Design Plates

The RMV offers the special design plates listed in this section. In addition to the initial
registration fee, special plates require a special plate fee each renewal. A portion of the initial
special plate fee for these plates, and the full renewal special plate fee, are tax deductible.
See Appendix F for images of all available special plates.
All fees are subject to change at any time.
ALS One plates benefit ALS One Inc, which treats and looks for a cure for amyotrophic lateral
sclerosis. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Atlantic White Shark Conservancy plates benefit the Atlantic White Shark Conservancy Inc.
The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Basketball Hall of Fame plates benefit the Basketball Hall of Fame. The special plate fee is $40
every two years.
Blackstone Valley plates benefit the Massachusetts Environmental Trust, which provides grants to
educate and preserve the Massachusetts environment. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Boston Bruins plates benefit the non-profit organization Massachusetts Hockey Inc. The
special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Boston Celtics plates benefit the Boston Celtics Shamrock Foundation, which benefits the
Boston Children’s Hospital. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Cape Anne plates fund the Cape Ann Community Foundation Inc. The special plate fee is
$40 every two years.
Cape Cod and Islands plates promote economic development and tourism on Cape Cod,
Martha’s Vineyard, and Nantucket. The special plate fee is $50 every two years.
Choose Life plates benefit Choose Life Inc., which benefits not-for-profit agencies within
Massachusetts. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Conquer Cancer plates benefit the Conquer Cancer Coalition of Massachusetts. The special
plate fee is $40 every two years.
Cure Breast Cancer plates benefit the Tufts New England Medical Center Hospital Inc/Diane
Zaniboni Breast Cancer Research Fund for Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Project.
The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Fallen Heroes plates benefit the Massachusetts Iraq and Afghanistan Fallen Hero Memorial
Fund Inc. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Freemasonry plates fund the Masonic Education and Charity Trust. The special plate
fee is $40 every two years.
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Firefighters Memorial plates benefit the Massachusetts Fallen Firefighters Memorial Fund
Inc. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Fish and Wildlife plates benefit the Massachusetts Environmental Trust, which provides grants
to educate and preserve the Massachusetts environment. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Fresh and Local plates benefit Third Sector New England Inc, which will distribute the money to
farmers’ markets and to Tufts University project on farms. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Habitat and Heritage plates fund the Sportsmen’s National Land Trust, Massachusetts
Chapter, Inc. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Invest in Children plates benefit the Child Care Quality Fund, which is a division of the
Massachusetts Office of Child Care Services. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Martha's Vineyard plates benefit Martha’s Vineyard Community Services Inc. The special
plate fee is $40 every two years.
Massachusetts Animal Coalition plates benefit non-profit humane organizations and
municipal animal control agencies to prevent pet overpopulation by funding programs that
provide services, such as spaying and neutering cats and dogs for free or at minimal cost. The
special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Nantucket Island plates benefit the Nantucket Lighthouse School and other island non-
profits that benefit children. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
New England Patriots plates benefit the New England Patriots Charitable Foundation,
which assists a variety of charitable organizations and programs that foster cultural diversity,
education, family, and health. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Olympic Spirit plates help Massachusetts residents on US Olympic teams. The special
plate fee is $50 every two years.
Pan-Mass Challenge plates benefit the Pan-Mass Challenge. The special plate fee is
$40 every two years.
Plymouth 400 plates benefit Plymouth 400 Inc. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Red Sox/Jimmy Fund/Red Sox Foundation plates benefit cancer care and research
at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
Right Whale plates benefit the Massachusetts Environmental Trust, which provides
grants to educate and preserve the Massachusetts environment. The special plate fee is
$40 every two years.
State Police Association of Massachusetts plates benefit the State Police
Association of Massachusetts Benevolent Fund. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
UMASS plates benefit the UMASS Alumni Association. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
United We Stand plates benefit the Massachusetts 9/11 Fund and the Commonwealth Security
Fund. The special plate fee is $40 every two years.
A “Year of Manufacture Plate” is a registration plate (in the possession of the applicant)
originally issued by the Commonwealth in the exact year of manufacture of the antique motor car
(vehicles from 1978 or older only) to which it is proposed to be attached. For more information,
contact the RMV Contact Center or visit the RMV’s website.

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Annually renewed vanity plates are also available for an extra fee of $50. You can obtain the
necessary form from the RMV’s website.
If you have questions about registrations or special plates, please call the RMV Contact Center
or visit the RMV’s website.
RMV Contact Center: 857-368-8000 (from the 339/617/781/857 MA area codes or from outside of MA)
800-858-3926 (from all other MA area codes) or email [email protected]
The deaf and hard of hearing can call toll free at 877-RMV-TTDD (1-877-768-8833).
Contact Center Hours: Monday–Friday 9 a.m.–5 p.m. Internet Address: Mass.Gov/RMV

Drive Smart and Save - “Green Driving” Tips

There are a lot of ways you can save money on gas and reduce your carbon footprint, and
you can do it with any vehicle! These simple tips (from commute.com/commuter-options/
drive-smart-and-save) will save you money.
• Drive Less - Try taking public transportation, walking or biking, or carpooling. Short
trips in particular are great for walking or biking – you’ll get exercise, save fuel, reduce
wear and tear on your engine, and you can enjoy the scenery. And, if you have a lot of
errands to make, try “chaining” your trips together to save time and gas – when you do
make multiple stops, go to your farthest destination first to warm up your engine more
quickly for better fuel economy.
• Set it at 60 - Fuel consumption increases about five percent for every
five miles per hour driven above 60 mph. It’s like paying an additional
30 cents per gallon! Set the cruise control at 60 and start adding up
the savings.
• Go Easy on the Pedals - Rapid starts and hard stops can increase
fuel use by 40 percent, but reduce travel time by only four percent.
Accelerate gradually. Maintain a constant speed. Coast when you can.
And don't forget to pick up your E-ZPass transponder to avoid traffic at the tolls- this
can save lots of time, as well as fuel.
• Turn it Off - Idling gets you zero miles per gallon. So when you’re stopped, switch off
the engine. It saves you fuel, and it’s the law – Massachusetts state law prohibits idling
for more than five minutes. If you really need to idle, shift to neutral, so the engine is
not working against your brake and consuming more fuel.
• Click the Cap - Loose, damaged, or missing fuel tank caps cause 147 million gallons of fuel
to evaporate each year. Make sure the cap is tight and you can save about $120 per year.
• Check the Pressure - Billions of gallons of fuel are wasted by driving on underinflated
tires. Proper tire pressure is safer, extends tire life, and can provide up to 3% benefit
per tankful of fuel.

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 Disability Plates and Placards
Through Medical Affairs, the RMV issues special license plates and placards to people with
disabilities who meet certain medical qualifications. Designated disability (HP or DV) plates
and placards allow people with disabilities to park vehicles in spaces posted with HP-DV
parking only signs and at meters without paying fees or penalties. The Massachusetts Port
Authority does not exempt meter fees for Disabled Parking.
Note: These parking privileges are also available to any vehicle displaying a valid HP plate
or HP placard issued by another U.S. state or Canadian province. All U.S. states and
Canadian provinces also recognize the Massachusetts disabled placard as an authorized
document for HP parking. However, New York City does not recognize disabled placards
issued by any authority other than the City of New York.
For toll-free, deaf and hard of hearing assistance, call 1-877-RMV-TTDD (1-877-768-8833).
These special privileges are extended only to people with disabilities who have been
granted special disability plates or placards. These privileges are not available to any
other person using a vehicle displaying such a plate or placard. Abuse of an HP
plate or placard may result in fines, license suspension, and/or plate or placard
revocation. A person who abuses this special parking privilege may face additional
penalties, such as a fine or license suspension.
To report abuse of disability plates or placards, visit:
Mass.Gov/how-to/report-disability-parking-abuse
Medical Affairs, Registry of Motor Vehicles
P.O. Box 55889, Boston, MA 02205-5889

Disability Plate
If you own a vehicle, you may apply for a disability registration number plate. The vehicle
must be registered in the disabled person’s name. If you have a vehicle registered in your
name, you may choose to apply for a plate. Holders of disability plates may apply for a
placard on a temporary basis.
Note: Temporary placards are available to holders of HP plates by written request.The
applicant must provide information showing good cause for the temporary placard.

Disability Placard
Any disabled individual who meets the eligibility criteria described on the next page, may
apply for a placard, regardless of whether or not they have a valid license or own a vehicle.
Placards are issued on a temporary or permanent basis and hang from the rear-view mirror
when in use. Temporary placards are valid anywhere from two months to 24 months, based
on your particular need. Permanent placards must be renewed every five years. Before the
RMV can issue you a disability placard, you must be photo-imaged (see the Facial Image
Policy section of Chapter One). For security reasons, only one valid placard may be issued
to a person at a time. The RMV includes a solid plastic sleeve with your placard that slides
over your picture and name to protect the privacy of placard holders. The use of this sleeve
is not required. Placard holders may use it at their discretion.
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Disability placards must be removed from the rear-view mirror while you drive.
Note: If you currently have an old dashboard style placard, contact Medical Affairs at 857-368-8020
to convert it to the new hanging style placard.

Qualification for Disabled Veteran (DV) Plate and Fee Exemptions

The disabled veteran (DV) plate has the same purpose as an HP plate or Placard (see the
Disability Plates and Placards section). It shows that the vehicle’s owner is a disabled
veteran. To be eligible, you must meet the same requirements for a disability plate. You will
also need a statement of disability from the U.S. Department of Veterans’ Affairs which lists
your service connected impairment(s). At least 60% of your listed impairments must qualify
for disability parking. Medical Affairs will review your application and the statement from the
U.S. Department of Veterans’ Affairs. It will then determine if you are “permanently disabled”
and qualify for the DV plate.
Disabled veterans approved for a DV plate by Medical Affairs are exempt from paying
the following fees:
Registration Fee (per M.G.L. Chapter 90, Section 33(29))
Disabled veterans do not need to pay a registration fee for one passenger vehicle or pick-
up truck. It must be owned by the veteran and used for non-commercial purposes. The
veteran can choose either one set of DV plates or one set of passenger plates. If the
veteran chooses passenger plates with an additional special plate fee (special, vanity, or
reserved plates), the special plate fee must be paid. If the veteran owns additional vehicles,
registration fees must be paid for those vehicles.
Driver License Fee (per M.G.L. Chapter 90, Section 33(29))
Disabled veterans do not need to pay fees for driver’s license transactions. It does not
matter if the veteran has obtained DV plates, but he/she must be approved for them.
Excise Tax (per M.G.L. Chapter 60A, Section 1)
Disabled veterans do not need to pay excise tax for one passenger vehicle or pick-up truck.
It must be owned by the veteran and used for non-commercial purposes. It does not matter
if the veteran has obtained DV plates, but he/she must be approved for them. Application
for the excise tax exemption must be made to the board of assessors of the city or town
where the vehicle is registered. If the veteran owns additional vehicles, excise tax must be
paid for those vehicles.
Sales Tax (per M.G.L. Chapter 64H, Section 6)
Disabled veterans do not need to pay sales tax for one passenger vehicle or pick-up truck.
It must be owned by the veteran and used for non-commercial purposes. To be eligible, the
veteran MUST obtain DV plates for the vehicle. If the veteran purchases additional vehicles,
sales tax must be paid for those vehicles.

Eligibility Standards
To obtain a disability plate, disability placard, or DV plate, you must be a Massachusetts
resident. In addition, a licensed physician, chiropractor, or nurse practitioner must certify that
you meet one of the following conditions:
• Cannot walk 200 feet without stopping to rest, or cannot walk without the assistance of
another person, prosthetic aid, or other assistive device, as a result of a described
clinical diagnosis
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• Have a cardiovascular disease to the extent that your functional limitations are
classified in severity as Class III or Class IV according to the guidelines set by the
American Heart Association (if you are a Class IV heart patient you must surrender
your license)
• Have a pulmonary disease to the extent that forced expiratory volume (FEV-1) in one
second when measured by spirometry is less than one liter, or requires continuous
oxygen therapy, or has an O2 saturation rate of 88% or less at rest or with minimal
exertion even with supplemental oxygen (if your O2 saturation rate is 88% or
less at rest or with minimal exertion even with supplemental oxygen, you must
surrender your license)
• Are legally blind: your central visual acuity does not exceed 20/200 (Snellen) in the
better eye of the corrective lenses, or you have a visual acuity that is greater than
20/200 in the better eye but with a limitation in the field of vision such that the widest
diameter of the visual field subtends an angle not greater than 20 degrees. Please
attach a copy of certification that you are legally blind with your application (if you are
in this classification, you must surrender your license)
• Have lost, or permanently lost the use of, one or more limbs

Contact Medical Affairs directly at 857-368-8020.

Applying for Plates and Placards

To get an application form, you can call the RMV Contact Center and have an application
mailed to you or download one from the RMV website. The application must be completed
by both you and your attending Massachusetts registered physician, physician’s assistant,
chiropractor, or nurse practitioner. There is no fee for a disability plate or placard, but
customers must pay the registration fee.

RMV Contact Center: 857-368-8000 (from the 339/617/781/857 MA area codes or from outside of MA)
800-858-3926 (from all other MA area codes) or email [email protected]
The deaf and hard of hearing can call toll free at 877-RMV-TTDD (1-877-768-8833).
Contact Center Hours: Monday–Friday 9 a.m.–5 p.m. Internet Address: Mass.Gov/RMV

Send all written correspondence involving medical affairs to the following address:
Medical Affairs
Registry of Motor Vehicles
P.O. Box 55889
Boston, MA 02205-5889
Please allow ample time for processing any plate or placard transaction.

Transferring a Plate to a Placard

To transfer from disability plates to a placard, please submit a written request stating the disability
plate number and enclose a copy of the vehicle registration. As soon as the RMV processes your
letter of request, you will receive instructions by mail for completing the transaction.

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Applying for Replacement Placards
To apply for a replacement placard, you must submit a letter stating the reason you need a
replacement. In your request, please include your name, address, social security number
(SSN), date of birth, and the placard number or the date the placard was first issued.

Vehicle Inspections
The Enhanced Emissions and Safety Test ensures that vehicles comply with federal
requirements to help clean the air. Under this program, registered motor vehicles are required
to be inspected every year for safety. New vehicles are exempt from emissions testing for one
year, but must undergo the safety inspection. After the one year period for new vehicles has
passed, an emissions inspection is required every year for all light-duty (most cars, SUVs,
and pick-up trucks) gasoline powered vehicles with a model year of 1996 or newer, and for
light-duty diesel vehicles with a model year of 1997 or newer. Light-duty vehicles with a model
year of 15 years or older will be exempt from on-board diagnostics (OBD) emissions testing.
Note: Heavy-duty (10,001 lbs. or more) diesel vehicles with a model year of 1983 or older
are exempt from emissions testing. Most older heavy-duty gasoline powered vehicles will
also be exempt from emissions testing.
These inspections are conducted at licensed stations across the state. You can find them
by calling the toll free number or using the website listed. The fee is $35.00.
Motorcycles require an annual safety inspection which is performed at
licensed Class M motorcycle inspection stations. The fee is $15.00.

For questions, or to find an inspection station in your area, call the toll free Hotline at 844-358-0135
or visit the Enhanced Emissions and Safety Test website at MAvehiclecheck.com

All fees are subject to change at any time.

When you buy a motor vehicle or motorcycle, state law requires you to have it inspected within
seven days of registration, regardless of the vehicle’s model year. You must have a new
inspection, even if the vehicle bears a valid sticker from the previous owner.

Driving any motor vehicle without a valid inspection sticker is a traffic violation and can result in a
fine and affect your insurance rate.

If your motor vehicle passes the annual inspection, a sticker will be affixed to the lower right
inside windshield of your vehicle. This sticker is valid for one year from your initial
inspection date and will expire on the final day of the month indicated on the sticker. If your
motorcycle passes the inspection, a sticker will be affixed to your license plate. This sticker
is valid until May 31. For motorcycles inspected in January through April, stickers will be
valid until May 31 of the following year.

If your motor vehicle fails the inspection, you will receive a “reject” sticker. If your
motorcycle fails the inspection, you will not receive a new sticker.
• If the problem is safety-related, you must have the problem fixed immediately. You are
not allowed to drive the vehicle until the safety issue is resolved.
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• If the problem involves vehicle emissions, you have 60 days to correct the problem
and resubmit your vehicle for inspection. For more details, call toll free 844-358-0135
or visit the website at MAvehiclecheck.com.
For emissions information, call the Department of Environmental Protection,
Division of Inspection Maintenance, at 617-292-5604.

Commercial Vehicles
Generally, commercial vehicles that have a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) or
combined GVWR of 10,001 lbs or more are required to have the Massachusetts
Commercial Vehicle Inspection. This inspection is equivalent to the Federal Motor Carrier
Safety Administration inspection (commonly known as the annual “DOT Inspection”) and
satisfies this requirement, which means that only one inspection is required. The fee is $35,
plus a market rate for labor.

Trailers
Trailers that have a gross vehicle weight of 3,001 lbs. or more and are used in commerce
need to be inspected. The fee is $35, plus a market rate for labor.

The Lemon Aid Law

You may have protection under the Massachusetts Lemon Aid Law and be able to void or
cancel a motor vehicle contract or sale if you meet the following two conditions:
1. Your vehicle fails to pass inspection within seven days from the date of sale AND
2. The estimated costs of making the repairs of emissions or safety related defects exceed
10% of the purchase price
If your situation does not meet these standards, you may have other laws to protect you. To
find out how to receive your refund or if you have any questions, contact the Office of
Consumer Affairs and Business Regulation: 617-973-8787 or (888) 283-3757 (in MA only).
Consumer Affairs,
10 Park Plaza, Suite 5170, Boston, MA 02116

Titles
A Certificate of Title is a legal document showing proof of ownership. When you buy a
vehicle, your seller must give you his or her original title after printing and signing his or her
name on it and entering the sale price and the required odometer information at time of
transfer. Buyers are also required to sign and print their name(s). Signing your name at the
time of transfer indicates that you are aware of the odometer disclosure statement made by
the seller(s). You must then present the title to the RMV with your application for a new title.
You must also obtain a registration if you are going to operate the vehicle on public ways. If
you are borrowing money to pay for the vehicle, the Certificate of Title will be sent to the
lending institution, also known as the lienholder, which is listed on the title.

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 Basic Title Transactions
Transaction Forms and Fee RMV Office or Processing Notes
Type Documents Mail Department Time
Original • Registration and Title $75 RMV Full Service Center Four to Six weeks If you borrow money to buy
Application (reservation required) the vehicle, the title will be
Title
• Certificate of Origin or mailed to the lienholder.
• Certificate of Title or You must pay 6.25 percent
• Bill of Sale (If Nontitled sales tax on any vehicle
Vehicle) you buy.

Duplicate • Duplicate Title Application $25 Mail to: Seven to ten business If lien has been paid off,
• Lien Release Letter (On Duplicate Titles days after receipt of remember to include an
Title Original Letterhead) If Lien Title Division application original lien release letter
Has Been Paid Off
P.O. Box 55885 from the lending institution.
Boston, MA 02205

Adding • Title Amendment Form $25 Mail to: Seven to ten business Don’t forget to send the
• Original Certificate of Title Adding Lien days after receipt of original title with your
a Lienholder
Title Division application application. The RMV will
to Certificate P.O. Box 55885 send the new title to the
of Title Boston, MA 02205 lienholder.

Corrected Title • Title Amendment Form $25 Mail to: Seven to ten business If you are correcting an
• Original Certificate of Title Title Correction days after receipt of odometer problem, you
• Notarized Affidavit (For Department application must get a notarized
Mileage Only) Title Division affidavit stating the true
P.O. Box 55885 mileage. This affidavit must
Boston, MA 02205 be signed and witnessed
by a notary public.

Salvage Repair- • Registration and Title $50 Mail to: Seven to ten business You must list the salvage
Application Salvage Title days after receipt of repairable brand as colli-
able Title
• Current Title Title Division application sion, salt, flood, theft, or
P.O. Box 55885 vandalism.
Boston, MA 02205

Owner-Retained • Registration and Title $75 Mail to: Seven to ten business To secure an owner-
Application Listing Current Salvage Title days after receipt of retained title, the vehicle
Total Loss Title Odometer Reading
Title Division application must be driveable, able
• Current Title (Original P.O. Box 55885 to pass a Massachusetts
Only)
Boston, MA 02205 safety inspection, and have
• Copy of Appraisal from
Insurance Company an active registration.

Reconstructed • Registration and Title $75 Mail to: Seven to ten business You must list the brand as
Application Listing Current Salvage Title days after receipt of reconstructed (collision,
Title Odometer Reading
Title Division application salt, flood, vandalism,
• Previous Salvage Title
P.O. Box 55885 other).
• Salvage Inspection Form Boston, MA 02205

Recovered • Registration and Title $75 Mail to: Seven to ten business You must list the brand as
Application Listing Current Salvage Title days after receipt of recovered theft (collision,
Theft Title Odometer Reading Title Division application salt, flood, vandalism,
• Previous Salvage Title P.O. Box 55885 other).
• Salvage Inspection Form Boston, MA 02205

Parts-Only Title • Registration and Title $50 Mail to: Seven to ten business You must list the salvage
Application Listing Current Salvage Title days after receipt of parts-only brand.
Odometer Reading
Title Division application
• Previous Salvage Title
P.O. Box 55885
• Appraisal Report from Boston, MA 02205
insurance company

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Massachusetts title law requires all motor vehicles and trailers to be
titled within ten days of purchase. This applies to both new and used vehicles
purchased from either a dealer or private party. There are some exceptions:
• Trailer with gross weight of 3,000 pounds or less
• Vehicle owned by a manufacturer or dealer and held for sale, even though it may be
driven on the highway or used for testing or demonstration purposes
• Vehicle used by a manufacturer solely for testing
• Vehicle owned by a nonresident of the Commonwealth that has a current, valid
Certificate of Title issued by the state of residence
• Vehicle regularly used for transporting people or property between states that has a
current, valid Certificate of Title issued by another state or country
• Vehicle moved solely by animal power
• Implement of husbandry (farming or agriculture)
• Special mobile equipment
• Self-propelled wheelchair or invalid tricycle
• Manufactured (mobile) home as defined in MGL c. 140, §32Q
• Vehicle owned by the U.S. Government, unless it is registered according to the
provisions of MGL c. 90
• A vehicle on loan from the U.S. Government or from a vehicle manufacturer or
distributor to the Commonwealth or a political subdivision thereof.

Basic Title Transactions

There are several basic title transactions:
• Obtaining an original title
• Obtaining a duplicate title
• Obtaining a salvage-related title, which may be a:

• Salvage repairable title

• Owner-retained total-loss title
• Reconstructed title
• Recovered-theft title
• Parts-only title
• Adding a lienholder to your title
• Correcting information on your title
The procedures for each of these transactions are summarized on the following pages.
All fees are subject to change at any time.

To apply for an original Certificate of Title and for all other basic title transactions, you can
either make a reservation to visit an RMV Service Center or conduct your business by mail.
For any mail-in title transaction, be sure to include all required forms and documents and a
check or money order for the appropriate fee, made payable to MassDOT. Send the

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required documentation to the RMV department listed in the chart on page 141 to the
following address.
ATTN: Title Division
(Specific Department)
Registry of Motor Vehicles
P.O. Box 55885
Boston, MA 02205-5885
Title transaction forms are available from most insurance agents, and through the RMV’s
website. Be aware that for most of these transactions, all vehicle owners must sign the
application forms.
If you have any questions about title application procedures or would like title forms mailed
to you, please call the RMV Contact Center or visit the RMV’s website.

The chart on page 141 provides all the information you need for basic transactions.
However, following are a few useful notes.

Obtaining an Original Title

If you are registering your vehicle when you apply for a title (see the Vehicle Registration
section earlier in this chapter), an authorized Massachusetts insurance agent must stamp
and sign the application to certify your insurance coverage.
If you bought your vehicle from a dealer, you must pay 6.25 percent state sales tax on your
purchase price. For a private sale, your sales tax will be 6.25 percent of the actual purchase
price or of the NADA trade-in (book) value, whichever is higher. If the vehicle is nontitled, you
must bring the bill of sale when applying for a title.
Reminder: If you borrowed money to purchase the vehicle, the RMV will issue a "paper
title" and mail it directly to the lienholder. Upon satisfaction of the lien (full payment by you),
the lienholder is responsible for releasing its lien and mailing the title directly to you. If the
lienholder uses the more modern "Electronic Lien and Title" (ELT) process, the RMV will
send the lienholder an electronic message indicating that their lien has been perfected.
When the lien is satisfied, the lienholder will notify the RMV electronically. The RMV will
then issue and mail the "paper title" to you.

RMV Contact Center: 857-368-8000 (from the 339/617/781/857 MA area codes or from outside of MA)
800-858-3926 (from all other MA area codes) or email [email protected]
The deaf and hard of hearing can call toll free at 877-RMV-TTDD (1-877-768-8833).
Contact Center Hours: Monday–Friday 9 a.m.–5 p.m. Internet Address: Mass.Gov/RMV

Obtaining a Duplicate Title

Eligible customers, with no lien on the vehicle, can apply for a duplicate title online at
Mass.Gov/RMV.
You can also apply for a duplicate title by mail. Complete all the required information on an
Application for Duplicate Certificate of Title, which can be downloaded from
Mass.Gov/RMV. All owners must sign the application. Mail it to the address at the top of the
application.

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If there was a lien on the vehicle and the loan has been satisfied, a Lien Release, on
original letterhead from the lienholder, must be submitted. Faxes and photocopies are not
acceptable. This must be done by mail.

Obtaining a Salvage-Related Title

A vehicle is deemed “salvage” when an insurance company has declared it to be a total
loss due to fire, vandalism, collision, theft, flood, or any other cause. Once a vehicle has
been given salvage classification, the classification is permanent and remains part of the
vehicle’s history.
If your insurance company takes possession of the salvage vehicle, the company is
responsible for applying for a salvage title. If you choose to keep the vehicle, you can apply
for a salvage title, or, if the vehicle has an active registration and is capable of being safely
operated on a public way, you can apply for an owner-retained title. Passenger vehicles ten
or more model years old at the date of the event which caused the vehicle to be declared a
total loss are exempt from the salvage title process.
A vehicle with a salvage title cannot be registered. If you plan to sell a salvaged vehicle,
you should take it through the salvage inspection process and apply for a reconstructed or
a recovered-theft title, whichever applies. Alternatively, you can advise the buyer that the
inspection and title process is required before the vehicle can be registered.
You cannot transfer a salvage title from private party to private party without the current
owner first getting a salvage title in his or her name or completing the salvage process and
securing the reconstructed title.
If you have questions about the salvage inspection process, call the RMV
Contact Center at 857-368-8000.

Salvage Repairable or Parts Only Title: If your vehicle becomes inoperable due to fire,
vandalism, collision, theft, flood, or another event to such an extent that you or, if insured, your
insurer considers it uneconomical to repair the vehicle, the vehicle will be declared a total loss.
If the vehicle is insured and the insurer retains the vehicle, you will have to assign your
title to the insurer. If the title is being held by the lienholder, the insurer will send you an
Authorization for Payoff of a Salvage Vehicle for you to complete. The insurer will then
need to obtain a salvage title.
If the vehicle is uninsured or if you decide to keep possession of the vehicle, you
must apply to the RMV for a salvage title with the appropriate brands (repairable or parts
only). State law prohibits you from operating the vehicle until it has passed a salvage
inspection (see the Salvage Inspection section later in this chapter) and you have obtained
a new title.
Salvage titles can be processed by mail to the RMV's Title Division. To apply, you must
send your current Certificate of Title, a completed Registration and Title Application, and a
$50 check or money order made payable to MassDOT. Within seven to ten days, the
RMV will review your application and mail you a new salvage title.

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Owner-Retained Total Loss Title: If your insurer declares your vehicle a total loss due to
fire, vandalism, collision, theft, flood, or another event; the vehicle is capable of being
safely operated on a public way and has an active registration; and you choose to keep
the vehicle, you may continue to drive the vehicle after you have obtained an owner-
retained total loss title.
Within ten days of receiving the settlement from your insurance company, you can apply for
an owner-retained total loss title by presenting your current Certificate of Title, your current
Certificate of Registration, an appraisal report from your insurance company, a completed
Registration and Title Application, and a $75 check or money order payable to MassDOT.
This can be done by mail to the RMV's Title Division. Within seven-ten days, the RMV will
review your application and mail you a new owner-retained total loss title.
Reconstructed Title: A reconstructed title is issued to a vehicle that was previously titled
as salvage repairable (see the preceding section) and has been repaired, inspected, and
retitled as reconstructed. If you have such a vehicle, you may drive it legally when a new
registration is issued. To get a reconstructed title, send by mail to the RMV's Title Division
your present salvage title, your current Certificate of Registration (if applicable), the letter or
e-mail you received when the vehicle passed the salvage inspection, and a $75 check or
money order made payable to MassDOT.
All fees are subject to change at any time.
Recovered Theft Title: A recovered theft title is issued to a vehicle that was previously
titled as salvage repairable theft with damage sustained from a theft and that has been
repaired, inspected, and retitled as recovered theft. The vehicle may be legally driven when
a new registration is issued.
Parts-Only Title: A parts-only title is issued to a vehicle that the insurance company has
declared a total loss due to fire, vandalism, collision, theft, flood, or other occurrence and
that the insurance company has declared to be “parts only.” This type of vehicle can never
be rebuilt or registered in the Commonwealth and may never be legally driven.
Salvage Brands: Each salvage title requires a brand. A brand simply describes the type of
damage that caused an insurance company to declare a vehicle a total loss. A brand tells
you that you are buying a salvage vehicle, and it also tells you the specific reasons your
vehicle is considered salvage.
Brands fall into two main categories: primary and secondary. A primary salvage title brand,
which indicates how a vehicle will be used, is one of two types: repairable or parts only. A
repairable brand (REPR) means the vehicle can be repaired and returned to its operating
condition. A parts-only brand (PART) means the vehicle can never be registered in the
Commonwealth. The insurance company that declared the vehicle a total loss determines
whether a vehicle is branded “parts only.”
The secondary salvage brand describes the event that occurred for the insurance company
to declare your vehicle a total loss. Following are the seven secondary salvage brands:

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• Collision
• Fire
• Fresh Water Flood
• Salt Water Flood
• Theft
• Vandalism
• Other
Note: Other is to be used only when the listed brands cannot describe the event which caused the
vehicle to be salvaged.

Salvage Inspections
Once you have repaired your vehicle, and before you can register it, you must have your
vehicle inspected. Salvage inspections protect you because they combat fraud and prevent
the sale of stolen parts.
At the salvage inspection, the inspector checks the vehicle’s identification number (VIN) and
records, by number or receipt, all major component parts that were replaced. The salvage
inspection is not a safety inspection.
If the safety inspection sticker was removed from your vehicle’s windshield at the damage
appraisal and replaced with a rejection sticker, you may submit the vehicle to any official
inspection station for a valid safety inspection sticker any time after your vehicle’s defects
have been corrected. Note that the rejection sticker is valid for 20 calendar days from the date
of inspection.
Before scheduling a salvage inspection, you must obtain a salvage title, complete an
Application for Inspection of a Salvaged Motor Vehicle, and pay a $50 salvage inspection fee.
You can complete the application and pay the fee online at Mass.Gov/RMV.
You can schedule the salvage inspection online at Mass.Gov/RMV. You will need the VIN and
title number, as well as VINs used for major component replacement parts. You can also call
the Massachusetts State Police Salvage Unit at 857-368-8445 to schedule a salvage
inspection.
You will need to bring the following to your salvage inspection:
1. Completed and signed Application for Inspection of a Salvaged Motor Vehicle
2. Current salvage title
3. Insurance Appraisal Report, issued by the insurance company that declared the vehicle
to be a total loss salvage vehicle
4. Bills of sale (receipt or invoice) proving the purchase of all major component parts used
to restore the vehicle
a. For new part(s), you’ll need descriptions of all new parts
b. For used part(s), you’ll need part number(s); description(s); and, VIN, make, model,
and year of the vehicle from which any part was removed
5. Receipt confirming payment of the $50 salvage inspection fee
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After the salvage inspection, your inspector will let you know if the vehicle passed or failed the
inspection. You will also receive a “pass/fail” report either via email or by mail with the results
of your inspection.
If your vehicle passed inspection, you may apply for a vehicle registration.
If your vehicle failed inspection, you must:
• Correct the reasons it failed
• Complete a new Application for Inspection of a Salvaged Motor Vehicle, pay a $50 fee,
and schedule a new salvage inspection
Title Division, Registry of Motor Vehicles,
P.O. Box 55885, Boston, MA 02205-5885

In general, all salvage-titled vehicles must be inspected in Massachusetts to be registered in

Massachusetts. The Massachusetts RMV does not honor out-of-state salvage inspections
unless the RMV and the motor vehicle administrators of those states have previously
agreed to accept each others’ inspections.
Vehicles from states that do not issue salvage titles (such as New York, which issues only a
Salvage Certificate [Form 907A]) cannot be transferred or reinspected in Massachusetts
until their owners have applied for Massachusetts salvage titles.
If you have any questions about salvage title procedures or would like forms mailed to you, please
call the RMV Contact Center at 857-368-8000 or visit the RMV’s website, Mass.Gov/RMV.

Obtaining a Corrected Title

If you are correcting any information on your Certificate of Title, please refer to Basic Title
Transactions. If you are correcting an odometer reading, you must submit a notarized affi-
davit of this fact. In this case, the notarized document is a written statement, made by the
seller who provided the incorrect information, stating the true and accurate odometer
reading at time of transfer, signed and witnessed in the presence of a notary public. Faxes
and photocopies are not accepted.

When You Sell a Vehicle . . .

Whenever you sell a motor vehicle, you must sign the Certificate of Title over to the new
owner and either ...
• Cancel the registration and recycle or destroy the plates
or
• Transfer the plates to another vehicle you own according to the seven-day registration
transfer law (see the Seven-Day Registration Transfer Law section earlier in this
chapter)
Take extra care when completing the transfer form on the back of the Title Certificate. Be
sure to list the purchase price and odometer reading.

To check the current status of your title, visit Mass.Gov/RMV and select Title/Lien Inquiry.

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Anti-Theft and NMVTIS
The federal Anti-Car Theft Act deters trafficking in stolen vehicles by strengthening law
enforcement against auto theft, combating automobile title fraud, preventing “chop shop”
related thefts, and inspecting exports for stolen vehicles. The Act required the US
Department of Transportation to implement a National Motor Vehicle Title Information
System (NMVTIS). Since its creation, NMVTIS has been administered by the American
Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA).
NMVTIS is designed to protect consumers from title fraud and unsafe vehicle purchases
and to prevent stolen vehicles from being resold. It is an online system used to verify and
exchange vehicle history data among DMVs, law enforcement, prospective purchasers, and
insurance carriers. The RMV uses NMVTIS to verify the title being submitted, check if a
vehicle has been reported stolen, or if it has been identified as a “junk” or “salvage” vehicle.
Massachusetts fully participates in NMVTIS. You can visit vehiclehistory.bja.ojp.gov to
find vehicle history information and how to order a vehicle history report.

Insurance and Merit Rating

As part of the registration process, Massachusetts requires every vehicle on the road to be
covered at least by minimum levels of motor vehicle insurance.
Compulsory insurance coverage:
• Bodily injury to others—Minimum $20,000 per person, $40,000 per crash
(Part One)
• Personal injury protection—Pays up to $8,000 to you, passengers, pedestrians or
anyone you allow to drive your vehicle (Part Two)
• Bodily injury caused by an uninsured auto—Minimum $20,000 per person, $40,000
per crash (Part Three)
• Damage to someone else’s property—Minimum $5,000 for property damage (Part
Four)

Private Passenger Automobile Insurance and Your Driving Record

Your driving record will always be an important factor in determining how much you will pay
for auto insurance.
In Massachusetts, auto insurers may offer different rates for different insurance packages.
Insurers may use the point-based system of the Safe Driver Insurance Plan (SDIP) or
develop their own merit rating plan to determine discounts for safe drivers and surcharges
for drivers with at-fault crashes and traffic violations. While rates may vary by insurance
company, all rates must be approved by the Commissioner of Insurance.
For more information, the Massachusetts Division of Insurance has consumer guides to
help you in making decisions about your automobile insurance coverage. Please visit their
website at Mass.Gov/DOI or call the Division of Insurance Consumer Hotline at
617-521-7777.

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Merit Rating Plans
Your insurance company can choose to develop its own method, or merit rating plan, for
adjusting your auto insurance premium based on your driving record. This means that the
insurer can determine if and how it will impose surcharges on your premium for traffic
violations and at-fault crashes and apply discounts for good driving. Massachusetts law
states that an insurance company’s merit rating plan cannot:
• Use any at-fault crash or traffic violation that is greater than six years old from the
policy effective date, or
• Increase premiums for at-fault crashes or traffic violations for more than five years

Safe Driver Insurance Plan

Insurance companies are not required to develop a merit rating plan. They can choose
instead to adopt the existing Safe Driver Insurance Plan as their merit rating plan. The Safe
Driver Insurance Plan lowers premiums for drivers with clean driving records, and increases
premiums for drivers with traffic violations and at-fault crashes. To learn more about the
surcharges and credits that apply in the Safe Driver Insurance Plan, visit the Merit Rating
Board website at Mass.Gov/RMV or call 857-368-8100 Monday through Friday from 8:30
a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

The Merit Rating Board

Whether they customize a merit rating plan or use the Safe Driver Insurance Plan, all
Massachusetts auto insurance companies are required to report at-fault crashes to the Merit
Rating Board (MRB). Massachusetts auto insurance companies may also report out-of-state
driving record information to the MRB. The MRB maintains and updates driving history
records for individual operators and reports this information to insurers.
The MRB driving record consists of surchargeable incidents. A surchargeable incident is
any event in which you are:
• Convicted of, or pay a fine for, a motor vehicle violation
• Assigned to an alcohol education program or controlled substance treatment or
rehabilitation program
• Found to be more than 50 percent at fault for a crash, and your insurance company
makes a claim payment of more than $1000
In addition to potentially affecting your private passenger automobile insurance, each
surchargeable incident counts toward possible license suspension (see Chapter Two for
more information on suspensions).
You are considered to be more than 50 percent at fault in a crash if your insurance
company:
1. Finds you at fault according to one of the 19 Standards of Fault (see a complete list on
the next page), and

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2. Has paid a claim of more than $1000 for Collision, Limited Collision, Damage to Some-
one Else’s Property, or Bodily Injury to Others.
Driving safely and maintaining a clean driving record will almost certainly reduce your
automobile insurance premium. The Safe Driver Insurance Plan and most insurance
company merit rating plans provide good driver discounts to people with clean driving
records.

Contact Information
For more information regarding automobile insurance, call the Massachusetts Division of
Insurance Consumer Hotline at 617-521-7777, or visit their website at Mass.Gov/DOI. You
can also contact an automobile insurance company or insurance agent directly. For more
information regarding your driving record, call the Merit Rating Board’s Customer Service
Section at 857-368-8100 or visit their website at Mass.Gov/RMV.

Standards of Fault
• Collision with a lawfully or an unlawfully parked vehicle
• Rear-end collision
• Out-of-lane collision
• Failure to signal
• Failure to proceed with due caution from a traffic control signal or sign
• Collision on wrong side of road
• Operating in the wrong direction
• Collision at an uncontrolled intersection
• Collision while in the process of backing up
• Collision while making a left turn or a U-turn across the travel path of a
vehicle traveling in the same or opposite direction
• Leaving or exiting from a parked position, a parking lot, an alley, or a
driveway
• Opened or opening vehicle door(s)
• Single-vehicle collision
• Failure to obey the rules and regulations for driving
• Unattended vehicle collision
• Collision while merging onto a highway or into a rotary
• Noncontact operator causing collision
• Failure to yield the right-of-way to emergency vehicles when required by law
• Collision at a “T” intersection (you entered from a side road)

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 A. Foreign Licensed Drivers
Effective July 2018, Massachusetts General Law (Chapter 90, Section 10) was changed to
allow validly licensed drivers from any country to operate validly registered motor vehicles
in Massachusetts.
All foreign-licensed drivers are subject to the following requirements when operating a
motor vehicle in Massachusetts. Violation of these requirements is a criminal offense.
1. A foreign-licensed driver must have a valid driver’s license when operating a motor
vehicle in Massachusetts. It cannot be suspended or revoked.
2. If the foreign driver’s license is not written in English or does not contain an English
translation, the license holder must obtain and carry either a valid International Driving
Permit or an acceptable alternative translation document.
• International Driving Permit (IDP): An IDP is a translation of a driver’s license
into 10 major languages. It does not convey any driving privileges but must
accompany any foreign license that is not in English. A foreign-license holder
should contact the agency that issued the foreign driver’s license before coming
to the United States. IDP’s cannot be issued in the United States to foreign-
licensed drivers.
For information on obtaining an IDP, visit https://internationaldrivingpermit.org/
• Alternative Translation Document: If an IDP cannot be obtained in the country
that issued the driver’s license, the license holder must obtain an alternative
translation document that properly identifies the license holder and translates the
relevant license information into English. An alternative translation document must
contain a passport-size photo of the license holder and a translation into English
of the license, including the following:
• Country where the license is issued
• Full name of licensee
• Date of birth
• Permanent place of residence
• Gender
• Type of vehicle for which the license is valid
• Driver’s license number
• Name and address of the driver licensing agency (including the website
address if available)
The RMV form “Translation into English of a Foreign Driver License” can be used
as an acceptable translation document and can be found on the RMV website at:
Mass.Gov/service-details/driving-in-massachusetts-on-a-foreign-drivers-license. It
must be completed by one of the following:
• A bilingual teacher at an accredited Massachusetts college, university, or
private language school

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 • A bilingual Notary Public whose commission has been issued by the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
• The local Consulate for the licensee’s country of origin in the United States
• The American Translator’s Association (the national association of
professional translators and interpreters)
Note: An alternative translation document is acceptable as long as it contains a
photo and English translation that closely matches the information from an IDP.
3. The country of issuance must have and enforce standards for operation of motor
vehicles equivalent to those in Massachusetts (as determined by the RMV).
4. The foreign license must be issued by the driver licensing authority in the country in
which the driver is a resident. (A provisional or learner’s license does not qualify as a
“driver’s license”.)
5. A foreign-licensed driver must be at least 16 years of age to operate a motor vehicle in
Massachusetts.
6. A non-resident who holds a valid driver license from the country in which he/she resides
may operate any motor vehicle in Massachusetts of the same type which he/she is
licensed to operate. The vehicle must be properly registered in this state or in any other
state or country. If registered in a foreign country, the vehicle may be required to display
the International Distinguishing Sign outside, on the rear of the vehicle. The driver must
have the vehicle’s current registration document in his/her possession or in the vehicle.
7. A foreign-licensed driver who is visiting Massachusetts cannot convert the foreign
license to a Massachusetts driver’s license while still a visitor to this state. Only a
“resident” of this state (with acceptable required documentation, including documents to
prove “lawful presence” in the United States) can obtain a Massachusetts license or ID
Card. A short-term visitor cannot qualify as a “resident.”
8. A member of the United States Armed Forces returning from active duty outside of the
United States who possesses a driver’s license issued by the United States Armed
Forces in a foreign country may operate motor vehicles for up to 45 days from the date
of return to the United States.
9. Massachusetts accepts the driving permit, license, or military permit issued by a NATO
country to its own military personnel or to the personnel of a civilian component of the
military force. These NATO personnel are required to carry and present to law
enforcement both of the following on demand:
• An identity card issued by the NATO country showing name, date of birth, rank
and number (if any), service, and photograph
• An individual or collective movement order, in the language of the country and in
the English and French languages, issued by an agency of the country or NATO
and certifying to the status of the individual or group as a member or members of
a force and to the movement ordered.

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 2017 List of all 29 NATO Member Countries: Albania, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Montenegro, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Avoid International License Scams

The RMV and law enforcement agencies are aware that individuals or organizations use
the Internet to sell documents as “International Driver Licenses” and “International Driving
Permits” that imply driving privileges. The RMV does not recognize a document labeled as
an “International Driver License,” “International Driving Permit,” or any other document that
allegedly confers driving privileges unless it was issued by the driver license issuance
agency in the licensed driver’s country of residence.

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 B. RMV Customer Services
In addition to the full service and limited service RMV Service Centers listed in this
appendix, the RMV provides two excellent information resources to help serve you better:
its Contact Center and website.

Customer Contact Center

Recorded RMV information is available 24 hours a day. Information is available on
licensing, registrations, titles, suspensions, medical affairs, and RMV locations. Between
9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, you can speak to an RMV Representative to:
• Make general inquiries
• Request forms to be mailed to you
• Book a driver’s license road test
• Provide change-of-address information or change-of-vehicle-garage location
• Conduct business transactions using a MasterCard, Visa, Discover, or American
Express card including. . .
• Renewing a vehicle registration
• Paying a moving violation fine, such as a speeding ticket
• Ordering a driving record
• Ordering a duplicate license, Mass ID, or Liquor ID
• Paying license suspension reinstatement fees
• Ordering a duplicate vehicle registration
RMV Contact Center: 857-368-8000 (from the 339/617/781/857 MA area codes or from outside of MA)
800-858-3926 (from all other MA area codes) or email [email protected]
The deaf and hard of hearing can call toll free at 877-RMV-TTDD (1-877-768-8833).
Contact Center Hours: Monday–Friday 9 a.m.–5 p.m. Internet Address: Mass.Gov/RMV

RMV Website
The RMV maintains its own website, Mass.Gov/RMV, for customers who have online
access. You can start certain permit/license/ID card transactions, schedule a road test, pay
your road test/license fees, renew your Class D or Class M license, renew your
Massachusetts ID Card, renew vehicle registrations, pay moving violation fines, order
duplicate vehicle registrations, order specialty plates, check to see if a vanity plate is
available, change your address, order a duplicate driver's license or Mass ID, order a
duplicate title, download forms, verify the issuance of a driver’s education certificate, check
the status of a registration or title, check wait times for any RMV Service Center, change
your organ donor status, and cancel plates. Online transactions can be paid for using a
MasterCard, Visa, Discover, or American Express card. General information is also
available on most Registry topics.
Checklists for common registration and title transactions are also available on the website.
They list the requirements and documentation you will need to successfully complete your
transaction at a service center.

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1-866-MASSRMV
Customers wishing to renew their registration, book a Class D road test, or check RMV
Service Center wait times can do so by calling our automated number: 1-866-MASSRMV.

Warning of Unofficial Websites Mimicking the Massachusetts RMV

Website

Massachusetts residents looking for the RMV (Registry of Motor Vehicles) website or trying
to do RMV transactions online should make sure they are using the “official” RMV website
at Mass.Gov/RMV.
Several similar-looking, third-party websites, not connected with the RMV, have fooled RMV
customers by seeming to offer RMV services and/or RMV information. These “mimic” sites
are often reached by customers using online search engines. DO NOT BE FOOLED! RMV
customers should be extra careful and avoid any “mimic” websites that charge fees to
perform RMV services online or to provide basic RMV information or forms. Some of these
websites may even contain printed disclaimers of a connection to the RMV on their site.
It is also smart to avoid any site that uses the phrase “Department of Motor Vehicles” or the
letters “DMV”. That phrase and the abbreviation “DMV” are NOT used in relation to the
Registry of Motor Vehicles in Massachusetts. Remember: Mass.Gov/RMV.
If you rely on any driver license or motor vehicle-related information these websites provide,
access any services they claim to offer, or pay a fee to them for an alleged “service”
(whether online or by mail), you are doing so at your own peril. The information they
provide may not be correct and your personal and financial information may not be safe in
the hands of the operators of these “mimic” websites.
The RMV is proud of the fact that its customers can perform at least 28 different
transactions safely and securely on the “official” RMV website and can also obtain much
invaluable “free” information. For example, all of the information from the current RMV
“Driver’s Manual” is available for free (a $5 value) just by clicking on and opening the online
version from “Forms and Manuals” rather than buying a copy.
And, the RMV’s “site policies” (located at the bottom of RMV web pages) explain how the
RMV uses and protects your personal and financial information when you provide it to the
RMV. Please note that the RMV cannot be responsible for the content or actions taken by
third-party “mimic” websites.

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 C. Full Service and Limited Service RMV Service Centers
Unless otherwise noted, all service centers are full-service facilities that allow you to transact most RMV
business and receive information.
Note: Class D and M learner’s permit exams are offered until one hour before the service center's closing
time. Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) learner’s permit exams are offered until two hours before the
service center's closing time.
Master Card, VISA, Discover, American Express, and debit cards are accepted for all RMV transactions at all
locations.
Reservations are required for all service center visits. You can make a reservation on our website or
by calling the Contact Center.

Boston Lawrence Revere

Haymarket Center 73 Winthrop Avenue 9c Everett Street (Bell Circle)
136 Blackstone Street Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Leominster Southbridge
Braintree 500 Research Drive 4 Larochelle Way
10 Plain Street Southgate Business Park Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. South Yarmouth
Brockton Lowell 1082-1084 Main Street
490 Forest Avenue 77 Middlesex Street Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Springfield
Chicopee Martha’s Vineyard 1250 St. James Avenue
1011 Chicopee Street 11 A Street, Airport Business Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Park, Edgartown Taunton
No Learner’s Permit Exams at Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-12 noon, 1 p.m.-5 p.m. One Washington Street
this Site Milford Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
Danvers 14 Beach Street Watertown
Danvers Crossing Plaza Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. 550 Arsenal Street
8 Newbury Street Nantucket (Watertown Mall)
(Route 1 South) 16 Broad Street Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Mon-Fri - 8 a.m.-12 noon, 1 p.m.-4 p.m. Wilmington
Easthampton New Bedford 355 Middlesex Avenue
116 Pleasant Street 212 Theodore H. Rice Boulevard Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. New Bedford Industrial Park Worcester
Fall River Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. 50 Southwest Cutoff
1794 North Main Street North Adams Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. 33 Main Street
Greenfield Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-12 noon, 1 p.m.-5 p.m.
18 Miner Street Pittsfield
Mon-Fri - 9 a.m. - 5 p.m. 333 East Street
Haverhill Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
229c Lincoln Avenue Plymouth
Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m. 40 Industrial Park Road
Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m.

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RMV Limited Service Centers

Attleboro License and Registration Renewal Express

75 Park Street, Attleboro
Mon-Fri - 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
This location processes license, ID card, and registration renewals, amendments, and duplicates. Class D
and M learner's permit exams are offered from 9 a.m.-4 p.m. and CDL learner's permit exams are offered
from 9 a.m.-3 p.m.
It does not accept cash. It only accept checks, money orders, MasterCard, VISA, Discover, American
Express, and debit cards.

Natick License and Registration Renewal Express

Massachusetts Turnpike
Natick East Bound Service Plaza
Mon-Fri - 8 a.m.-12 noon, 1 p.m.-4 p.m.
This location processes license, ID card, and registration renewals, amendments, and duplicates.

AAA offers certain RMV services to AAA members. For a full list of locations and the RMV services
they offer, visit Mass.Gov/RMV

E-ZPass Transponders
MassPike E-ZPass Transponders are available in all RMV Service Centers.

RMV Contact Center

857-368-8000 (from the 339/617/781/857 MA area codes or from outside of MA)
800-858-3926 (from all other MA area codes)
Email: [email protected]
Monday—Friday 9 a.m.–5 p.m.

The deaf and hard of hearing can call toll free at 877-RMV-TTDD (877-768-8833)
RMV Mailing Address
Registry of Motor Vehicles
P.O. Box 55889 Boston, MA 02205-5889
For directions, visit the RMV’s website: Mass.Gov/RMV

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 D. RMV License and Identification cards
Below are images of all the licenses and identification cards that the RMV issues.

Mass License Issued Mass License Issued

2016 - Present 2010 - 2016

Under 21 License Issued Under 18 License Issued Under 21 License Issued Under 18 License
2016 - Present 2016 - Present 2010 - 2016 Issued 2010 - 2016

MA ID Issued MA ID Issued
2016 - Present 2010 - 2016

Under 21 ID Issued Under 21 ID Issued

2016 - Present 2010 - 2016

Liquor ID Issued Liquor ID Issued

2016 - Present 2010 - 2016

Back of License Issued 2016 - Present Back of License Issued 2010 - 2016

The barcodes on the license or ID card include a machine readable version of the text on the front
of the card, the card issuer (MA), the Julian date of manufacture request, the license/ID card
number, the document type identifier (license or ID card), and the factory remake count.

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REAL ID Cards and Standard Massachusetts Cards

Below are images that show the differences between REAL ID Cards and Standard Massachusetts Cards.

REAL ID Cards (both driver's licenses and Massachusetts ID Cards, but not Liquor ID Cards) have a star
indicator on the top right corner.

Beginning May 3, 2023, you will need a REAL ID, or other acceptable ID such as a valid passport, to fly
within the United States. See page 2 for more information.

REAL ID Driver's License Card

Standard Massachusetts Cards (both driver's licenses and ID Cards) have text indicating "NOT FOR
FEDERAL ID".

Standard Massachusetts
Driver's License Card

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 E. Street Signs

Below are images of typical parking signs used in Massachusetts.

Below are images of typical pedestrian signs and signals used in Massachusetts.

Below are images of typical bicycle signs used in Massachusetts.

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 F. RMV Special Registration Plates
Below are images of all the special plates that the RMV offers.

ALS One Atlantic White Shark Basketball Hall of Blackstone Valley

Conservancy Fame

Boston Bruins Boston Celtics Cape Anne Cape Cod and

Islands

Choose Life Conquer Cancer Cure Breast Cancer Fallen Heroes

Firefighters Memorial Fish and Wildlife Freemasonry Fresh and Local

Habitat and Heritage Invest in Children Martha's Vineyard Massachusetts

Animal Coalition

Nantucket Island New England Olympic Spirit Pan-Mass Challenge

Patriots

Plymouth 400 Red Sox /Jimmy Fund Right Whale State Police Association
/ Red Sox Foundation of Massachusetts

United We Stand Year of Manufacture

UMASS
Plate
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Notes

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