Expalanation
Expalanation
Expalanation
The sense by which a person knows whether things are hard or soft, hot or cold, heavy and light. More like a sense of
The term “feelings” can refer to
touch or something experienced through touch.
-Subjectivism teaches that there are no objective moral truths out there. The moral objectivism definition
states that morality is based on a set of moral standards that should be adhered to. These are universal moral
principles that are typically seen as valid for all people and situations, regardless of culture, beliefs, or feelings. For
example, within these standards of objective morality, most persons can agree that it is wrong to kill… some
examples of moral objectivism which are thought to be universal and applicable to everyone: Do not kill innocent
persons.
For every controversial ethical topic, we usually hear at least two opposing views concerning the matter.
We might say that homosexuality is immoral, or we might say it is all right. But there is a third alternative. We
might say something like this: People have different opinions, but where morality is concerned, there are no
ʺfacts,ʺ and no one is ʺright.ʺ People just feel differently, and that’s the end of it.
The theory proposes that when we say something is morally good, this just means we approve of or like that
thing. Similarly, when we state that something is morally bad, this means that we disapprove of or do not like
that thing.
If Ethical Subjectivism is correct, Subjectivism implies that each of us is infallible in our moral judgments as long
as we are speaking sincerely. But we are not infallible – we may be mistaken, even when we are speaking
sincerely. Therefore, Ethical Subjectivism cannot be correct.
According to Simple Subjectivism, when Jaycee says that homosexuality is not immoral, he is merely making a
statement about his attitude – he is saying that He does not disapprove of homosexuality or he approves that
homosexuality is not bad.. Would Rommel disagree with that? No, Rommel would agree that Jaycee does not
disapprove of homosexuality. At the same time, when Rommel says that homosexuality is immoral, he is only
saying that he disapproves of it. And how could anyone disagree with that? Thus, according to Simple
Subjectivism, there is no disagreement between them; each should acknowledge the truth of what the other is
saying. Ethical Subjectivism cannot be correct.
The argument may be summarized like this. When one person says “X is morally acceptable” and someone else
says “X is morally unacceptable,” they are disagreeing. However, if Simple Subjectivism were correct, there would
be no disagreement between them. Therefore, Simple Subjectivism cannot be correct
We are sometimes wrong in our evaluations; and when we discover that we are mistaken, we may want to
correct our judgments.
Emotivism
The improved version was a theory that came to be known as Emotivism. Developed chiefly by the
American philosopher Charles L. Stevenson (1908‐1979), Emotivism was one of the most influential
theories of Ethics in the 20th century. It is far more subtle and sophisticated than Simple
Subjectivism.
Emotivism is a theory that claims that moral language or judgments: 1) are neither true or false; 2)
express our emotions; and 3) try to influence others to agree with us
Emotivism, moral judgments are not statements of fact but are mere expressions of the emotions of the
speaker, especially since they are usually emotions or feelings-based. moral judgments are nothing more than
'pure expressions of feeling' no one has the right to say their morality is true and another's is false.
In emotivism, emotivists claim that statements of good and evil are just expressing subjects approval and
disapproval to a particular thing. To say “charity is good” Is really to say “ I approve charity” or “ yay charity!” to
say that “ stealing is wrong” I just to say “ I disapprove of stealing” or “ Boo stealing”. This explanation has
earned emotivism the nickname “ Boo-Yay theory of ethics.
They just express emotions.
The similarity between Simple Subjectivism and Emotivism is that our judgments cannot
be criticized
Decision making
Identifying a decision: You realize that you need to make a decision. Try to clearly define the nature of the
decision you must make. This first step is very important.
Gathering information: Collect some pertinent information before you make your decision: what information is
needed, the best sources of information, and how to get it. This step involves both internal and external “work.”
Some information is internal: you’ll seek it through a process of self-assessment. Other information is external:
you’ll find it online, in books, from other people, and from other sources.
Weigh the evidence : Draw on your information and emotions to imagine what it would be like if you carried
out each of the alternatives to the end. Evaluate whether the need identified in Step 1 would be met or
resolved through the use of each alternative. As you go through this difficult internal process, you’ll begin to
favor certain alternatives: those that seem to have a higher potential for reaching your goal. Finally, place the
alternatives in a priority order, based upon your own value system.
Choose among alternative : Once you have weighed all the evidence, you are ready to select the alternative
that seems to be best one for you. You may even choose a combination of alternatives.
Take action
Review your decision and its consequence: In this final step, consider the results of your decision and
evaluate whether or not it has resolved the need you identified in Step 1. If the decision has not met the
identified need, you may want to repeat certain steps of the process to make a new decision.
Moral decision
Ex:
A decision taken on the basis of intense emotions can disturb your life badly. Usually, we people take wrong
decisions under the influence of anger and embarrassment. Under negative emotions, we take decisions
emotionally not logically and these decisions are often wrong, hence we must take a decision after overcoming
those negative emotions.
For example, I have seen people making their life biggest decision under the influence of their emotions such
as marriage decision, such as job decision business decision. These decisions should be taken logically because
your entire life depends on it, hence be careful and logical with such decisions, otherwise, a temporary negative
emotion can give you long time regret and guilt.
For example, Suppose there is a person who is looking out for a job but due to some reason fail to get, with
this that person starts feeling sad and low and through all this that person start feeling that maybe I am not
capable of high profile jobs and should settle with some low profile jobs, this negative emotion influenced him
and force him to settle for small and prevent him from his actual potential, this might not be the ideal or best
example but yes research shows that the person who feel upset and sad usually set their goals very low and
reason for this , is they feel that low goals are easy to achieve and after accomplishment of those goals they
might feel good.
But these temporary emotions are preventing you from your actual potential hence don’t allow your emotions
to influence you.