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    Gregor Mendel Research Task

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    Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk and mathematician, conducted experiments with pea plants in his monastery's garden in the mid-1800s. Through these experiments, he discovered the basic principles of heredity, including that traits are passed from parents to offspring via discrete factors (now known as genes) and that some traits are dominant while others are recessive. Mendel's work established the foundations of modern genetics, though his findings were not widely recognized until years after his death.

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    Gregor Mendel Research Task

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    ur mom
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    Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk and mathematician, conducted experiments with pea plants in his monastery's garden in the mid-1800s. Through these experiments, he discovered the basic principles of heredity, including that traits are passed from parents to offspring via discrete factors (now known as genes) and that some traits are dominant while others are recessive. Mendel's work established the foundations of modern genetics, though his findings were not widely recognized until years after his death.

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    Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk and mathematician, conducted experiments with pea plants in his monastery's garden in the mid-1800s. Through these experiments, he discovered the basic principles of heredity, including that traits are passed from parents to offspring via discrete factors (now known as genes) and that some traits are dominant while others are recessive. Mendel's work established the foundations of modern genetics, though his findings were not widely recognized until years after his death.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    27 views2 pages

    Gregor Mendel Research Task

    Uploaded by

    ur mom
    Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk and mathematician, conducted experiments with pea plants in his monastery's garden in the mid-1800s. Through these experiments, he discovered the basic principles of heredity, including that traits are passed from parents to offspring via discrete factors (now known as genes) and that some traits are dominant while others are recessive. Mendel's work established the foundations of modern genetics, though his findings were not widely recognized until years after his death.

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    GREGOR MENDEL

    The founding father of genetics.

    OVERVIEW: PERSONAL OVERVIEW


    Gregor Mendel, an Austrian Monk/Mathematician, through experiments in his garden, Full Name: Gregor Johann
    discovered the basic principles of heredity. Mendel’s observations are fundamental as a Mendel
    foundation in modern genetics and its further evolution. DOB - DOD: 20th July 1823 - 6th
    January 1884
    During his experiments, in his monastery’s garden, Mendel established that pea plants had Alma Matter: University of
    characteristics and genes that varied in each plant. After this, he experimented with crossing - Olomouc, University of Vienna
    creating plants with varying characteristics. Further observations on the offspring of these Parents: Anton Mendel, Rosine
    experiments, meant he was enabled to draw conclusiond on genetic inheritance. Mendel
    Siblings: Veronica Mendel,
    Due to the lack of prior knowledge of genetics in this period of time, these were Mendel’s
    Theresia Mendel
    conclusions:
    - Characteristics are controlled by factors within the organism (genes)
    - Factors (genes) can be present in variations (alleles) Date: 1 May
    - Varied/Multiple factors (allele) separate in an individual‘s gamete formation (meiosis)
    This can be demonstrated with a

    recessive and dominant genes,


    Punnet Square, which displays

    when crossed (with their

    MENDELIAN INHERITANCE: LAW OF DOMINANCE:


    genotypes).

    The law of dominance, states that recessive alleles,


    1) Law of Dominance will always be masked or dominated, by dominant
    alleles. E.G. Mendel found that when pea plants with
    2) Law of Segregation round seeds (RR) were crossed with pea plants with
    3) Law of Independent Assortment wrinkled seeds (rr), all of the seeds in the F1
    generation were found to be round (Rr), as the round
    allele was dominant, the wrinkled recessive.

    LAW OF SEGREGATION:
    LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT:
    The law of segregation, states
    that a diploid organism creates The law of independent assortment, relates closely to the law of
    gametes, each gamete inherits segregation. It states, that the segregation of different genes
    only one gene copy, which is carrying varied characteristics occurs independently during gamete
    random. This means in the formation.
    gamete’s constitution, it has
    received on allele from each During gamete production, the normal of chromosomes is reduced to
    parent, E.G. Pea Plants half the, due to meiotic division to produce gametes containing 23
    chromosomes only. The normal human cell contains 46
    chromosomes; half the number of chromosomes is derived
    Parents maternally, e.g. from the female gamete (the egg cell) and the other
    RR rr half is derived paternally, e.g.from the male gamete (the sperm
    Round Wrinkled
    cell). During sexual reproduction, female and male gametes fuse
    together to produce a new organism/zygote.
    R r
    The law of independent assortment explains that different alleles
    and genes, are independently inherited during the meiosis of
    Offspring organisms that reproduce sexually. The independent assortment of
    chromosomes is a result of the independent segregation of
    chromosomes into separate gametes. Crossing over takes place
    Rr where genes on each chromosome are rearranged.
    Round
    GREGOR MENDEL’S OBSERVED CHARACTERISTICS:

    EXAMPLE OF MENDEL’S EXPERIMENTS:


    Mendel’s first experiment was cross-pollination of two true-
    breeding organisms - true-breeding means that an organism
    always passes down specific phenotype traits - which were
    flowers with contrasting colours (white and purple).

    However, Mendel’s most famed experiment was with pea plants,


    which is widely what he is known for. During his pea
    observations, he grew over 10,000 plants, and he did this
    because pea plants are hermaphroditic (have both male and
    female sex cells), and they usually self-pollinate and fertilise.
    Mendel cross-pollinated them with a paintbrush, a technique
    used today too.

    Fun Fact: Due to his extensive research and


    experiments, Mendel won the Nobel Prize of
    Physiology and Medicine

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