2021 HKDSE Mathematics Compulsory Part Examination

Paper I Suggested Solutions by Jacky Chan

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1
   4    1 25  3 45
3 2 5

  9  23
 23

9
2 4  3a
5
b
4  3a  5b
3a  4  5b
4  5b
a
3
3a
6 x 2  xy  2 y 2   3x  2 y  2 x  y 

b 8 x  4 y  6 x 2  xy  2 y 2  4  2 x  y    6 x 2  xy  2 y 2 
 4  2 x  y    3 x  2 y  2 x  y 
  2 x  y   4   3 x  2 y  
  2 x  y  4  3 x  2 y 
4a 7  x  2
 11  3  x  1 and x40
5
7 x  41  15 x  15 and x  4
8 x  56 and x  4
x7 and x  4
4  x  7
b 6
5 Let x be the number of stickers owned by the girl.
Then, the number of stickers owned by the boy is 3x.
x  20  2  3 x  20 
x  20  6 x  40
5 x  60
x  12
The required total number  3 12   12
 48
6 Let $P be the marked price of the shirt.

Then, the cost of the shirt is $  P  80  .

 P  80   1  30%   P  1  10% 
1.3P  104  0.9 P
0.4 P  104
P  260
Therefore, the marked price of the shirt is $260.
7a POQ  140  80
 60
b Since OP  OQ  r and POQ  60 , we know that OPQ is an
equilateral triangle.
r  OP
 PQ
 21
c The perimeter of OPQ  21 3
 63
8a CAE  BDE  given 
AEC  DEB  common  
ACE  DBE  3rd  of  
ACE ~ DBE  A.A.A.
bi
AC 2  AE 2  252  602
 4225 cm 2
 652
 CE 2
Therefore, ACE is a right-angled triangle at CAE (converse of Pyth.
Thm.).
ii ACE ~ DBE  from  a  
The area of ACE  AC 
2

 
The area of DBE  DB 
1
 AC  AE   25 
2
2  
The area of BDE  15 
1
 25  60  25
2 
The area of BDE 9
The area of BDE  270 cm 2
9a 7
P  fewer than 26 books  
10
12  k  16 7

12  k  16  9  11  4 10
10k  280  7 k  364
3k  84
k  28
b The range is 5.
The inter-quartile range is 2.
13119
The standard deviation is .
80
10a
Let f  x   k1  k2  x  4  , where k1 and k 2 are non-zero constants.
2

f  3  0
k1  k2  3  4   0
2

k1  k2  0      1

f  2   105
k1  k2  2  4   105
2

k1  36k2  105       2 

 2   1 :
35k2  105
k2  3
Sub. k2  3 into (1),
k1  3  0
k1  3

Therefore, f  x   3  3  x  4  .
2

f  0   3  3  0  4 
2

 45
bi 48
ii Put y  0 ,
f  x  3  0
 3   x  4 2   3  0
 
 x  4 0
2

x  4
Therefore, the x-intercept of G is 4 .
11a 1 15  2  9  3  2  4  5  5  4  6  2  7  5
The mean of the distribution 
15  9  2  5  4  2  5
3
b Since the number of children is 15  9  2  5  4  2  5  42 , the median of
the distribution is the mean of the 21st smallest and the 22nd smallest data so
22
the median is  2.
2
Since 15 is the greatest number of children among all and the corresponding
number of tokens got for 15 children is only 1, the mode is 1.
Since 1  2 , we know that the median and the mode of the distribution are
not equal.
ci 42
ii 11
iii 10
 Note that p  x    x 2  x  1 2 x 2  37    cx  c  1 .
12a

Since p  x  is divisible by  x  5 ,

p  5  0

5 2
 5  1  2  5   37   c  5   c  1  0

2

c  67
b
p  3   3   3  1  2  3  37   67  3  67  1
2 2
  
0

Therefore,  x  3 is a factor of p  x  .

c p  x
  x 2  x  1 2 x 2  37   67 x  67  1
  x 2  2 x  15  3 x  16  2 x 2  37   67 x  68
  x 2  2 x  15  2 x 2  37    3 x  16   2 x 2  37   67 x  68
  x 2  2 x  15  2 x 2  37    3 x  16   2 x 2  4 x  30  4 x  7   67 x  68
  x 2  2 x  15  2 x 2  37    3 x  16   2 x 2  4 x  30    3 x  16  4 x  7 
 67 x  68
  x  2 x  15  2 x  37   2  3 x  16   x  2 x  15   12 x  24 x  180
2 2 2 2

  x 2  2 x  15  2 x 2  37   2  3 x  16   x 2  2 x  15   12  x 2  2 x  15 

  x 2  2 x  15   2 x 2  37   2  3 x  16   12 

  x  5  x  3  2 x 2  6 x  7 

p  x  0
 x  5 x  3  2 x 2  6 x  7   0
x  3 or 5 or 2 x2  6 x  7  0
Consider the equation 2 x 2  6 x  7  0 .
  62  4  2  7 
 20
0
Hence, the equation 2 x 2  6 x  7  0 has two nonreal roots.

Consequently, not all the roots of the equation p  x   0 are real so the

claim is not correct.

13a  12 16 
G   , 
 2 2 
  6,8 

OG   6  0   8  0 
2 2

 10
b 02  02  12  0   16  0   69  69
0
Therefore, O lies inside C.
c
The radius of C  62  82   69 
 13
Since M and N lie on the locus of Γ,
OM  GM
 GN  radii 
 ON
Hence, OMGN is a rhombus with side length 13.
Let A be the intersection of OG and MN.

OA  GA  property of rhombus 

OG  MN  property of rhombus 
GA2  AM 2  GM 2  Pyth. Thm.
2
 10 
   AM  13
2 2

 2
AM  12
AN  AM  property of rhombus 
 12
1 1
The area of OMGN   OG  AM    OG  AN 
2 2
1 1
 10 12   10 12 
2 2
 120
14a Let r cm be the base radius of Y.
1 2
 r  24   800
3
r 2  100
r  10  r  0 
Therefore, the base radius of Y is 10 cm.
b
The volume of Z   10   20   800
2

 2800 cm3

The volume of Y 800


The volume of Z 2800
2

7
3 3
 The base radius of Y   10 
   
 The base radius of Z   2 10 
1

8
2

7
The volume of Y

The volume of Z
Therefore, Y and Z are not similar.
c The sum of the curved surface areas of X and of Y
 2 10  20    10  102  242
 660 cm 2
Let h cm be the height of Z.
1
  2 10  h  2800
2

3
h  21

The curved surface area of Z

   20  202  212
 580 cm 2
 660 cm 2
 The sum of the curved surface areas of X and of Y
Hence, the claim is agreed with.
15a The required number   7  3!
 3628800
b C37 1
The required probability 
C310
7

15
16a
Since L1 passes through the points with coordinates  0,3 and  2, 6  ,
y 3 63

x0 20
3x  2 y  6  0
Therefore, the equation of L1 is 3 x  2 y  6  0 .
Since L1 and L2 are perpendicular to one another,
1
The slope of L2 
The slope of L1
1

 3 
 
 2 
2

3
2
y6    x  2
3
2 x  3 y  22  0
Therefore, the equation of L2 is 2 x  3 y  22  0 .
3 2
Since the slope of L1 is  0 , the slope of L2 is   0 and the point
2 3
of intersection of L1 and L2 lies above the x-axis, we know that R lies on
the right of L1 , on the left of L2 and above the x-axis.

 y0

Hence, the required system is  3x  2 y  6  0 .
2 x  3 y  22  0


b 6 22
Note that the x-intercepts of L1 and L2 are   2 and   11
3 2
respectively.
By testing the vertices,

At  2, 0  , 8 x  5 y  8  2   5  0   16 .

At 11, 0  , 8 x  5 y  8 11  5  0   88 .

At  2, 6  , 8 x  5 y  8  2   5  6   14 .

Hence, the least value of  8 x  5 y  is 16 when x  2 and y  0 .

 A  n  .
17a
Let d be the common difference of

A  5   26
A 1   5  1 d  26
A 1  4d  26      1

A 12   61
A 1  12  1 d  61
A 1  11d  61       2 

1 11   2   4 :

7 A 1  42
A 1  6

b
Sub. A 1  6 into (1),

6  4d  26
d 5
log8  G 1 G  2  G  3 ...G  k    999
log 2 G 1 G  2  G  3 ...G  k  
 999
log 2 8
log 2 G 1 G  2  G  3 ...G  k    2997
log 2 G 1  log 2 G  2   log 2 G  3  ...  log 2 G  k   2997
A 1  A  2   A  3  ...  A  k   2997
k
 2  6    k  1 5    2997
2
5k 2  7 k  5994  0

7  7 2  4  5  5994  7  7 2  4  5  5994 
k
2  5 2 5
7  119929 7  119929
k
10 10
35.33076667  k  33.93076667
Therefore, the greatest value of k required is 33.
18a Draw P on AD such that AB  PE .
Since AB  PE (by construction) and AP  BC (given), we know that
PABC is a parallelogram (def. of //gram).
PC  AB  property of  gram 
 45 cm
CPD  BAD  alt. s, AB  PC 
 50
PC CD

sin PDC sin CPD
45 CD

sin 70 sin 50
45sin 50
CD  cm
sin 70
CD  36.7 cm  corr. to 3 sig. fig.

bi Before folding,
BE
sin BAE 
AB
BE
sin 50 
45
BE  45sin 50 cm

AE
cos BAE 
AB
AE
cos 50 
45
AE  45cos 50 cm
CBE  AEB  alt. s, AD  BC 
 90
BC 2  BE 2  CE 2  Pyth. Thm.
402   45sin 50   CE 2
2

CE 2  1600  2025sin 2 50  cm 2

Let F be the perpendicular foot of C on AD.

Then, CBE  BEF  EFC  90 so BCFE is a rectangle (def. of
rectangle).
EF  BC  property of rectangle 
 40 cm
 DF
cos CDF 
CD
DF
cos 70 
 45sin 50 
 
 sin 70 
45sin 50
DF  cm
tan 70
After folding,
Since AE is perpendicular to the plane BCDE, we know that AE  CE and
AE  DE .
AE 2  CE 2  AC 2  Pyth. Thm.
 45cos 50   1600  2025sin 2 50   AC 2
2

AC  5 145 cm

AE 2  DE 2  AD 2  Pyth. Thm.
AE 2   DF  EF   AD 2
2

45sin 50
2

 45cos 50    
 40   AD 2
2

 tan 70 
AD  59.98204321 cm

CD 2  AC 2  AD 2  2  AC  AD  cos CAD
 45sin 50 
2

 
2
   5 145  59.982043212
 sin 70 
 
 2 5 145  59.98204321 cos CAD
CAD  35.54210789
CAD  35.5  corr. to 3 sig. fig.
ii Let Q be the perpendicular foot of A on CD.
Since AE is perpendicular to the plane BCDE, we know that E is the
projection of A on the plane BCDE so the required angle is AQE .
1 1
 CD  QA   AC  AD  sin CAD
2 2
 45sin 50 

 sin 70 
 
  QA   5 145  59.98204321 sin 35.54210789
QA  57.22631076 cm
 AE
sin AQE 
QA
45cos 50
sin AQE 
57.22631076
AQE  30.36169731
AQE  30
The angle between the plane ACD and the plane BCDE  30
Hence, the angle between the plane ACD and the plane BCDE exceeds 30 .
19a
f  x   x 2  12kx  14 x  36k 2  89k  53
 x 2  12k  14  x  36k 2  89k  53
  12k  14     12k  14  
2 2

 x  12k  14  x  
2
  36k  89k  53  
2

 2   2 
  x   6k  7    5k  4
2

  x  6 k  7   5k  4
2

Therefore, Q   6k  7,5k  4  .

b
 7  6k ,5k  4 
ci y   4  3k   5k  4    4  3k 

x7  6k  7   7
y  3k  4 8k

x7 6k
3 y  9k  12  4 x  28
4 x  3 y  9k  16  0
Therefore, the required equation is 4 x  3 y  9k  16  0 .
ii
Since the graph of y  f 14  x  is the image of reflection of the graph of

y  f  x  along the line L: x  7 and S lies on L, we know that QS  RS .

Let I be the incentre of QRS .

ISQ  ISR  incentre of QRS 

By the reflectional symmetry of QRS , we know that I lies L so the
x-coordinate of I is 7.
 Let r be the inradius of QRS and A be the point of contact of QR with C.

Since QR is horizontal, IA  QR  tangent  radius  and

 5k  4    4  3k   8k  0 , we know that QR lies above S and hence

I   7,  5k  4   r    7,5k  4  r  .

QR   6k  7    7  6k 
 12k
QS   6k  7   7    5k  4    4  3k  
2 2

 100k 2
 10k  k  0 
RS  QS
.
 10k
1 1 1 1
 QR  r    QS  r    RS  r    QR 8k 
2 2 2 2
12k  10k  10k  r   12k 8k 
r  3k

Hence, I   7,5k  4  3k    7, 2k  4  .

 x  7   y   2k  4     3k  , i.e.
2 2 2
Then, the equation of C is

x 2  y 2  14 x   4k  8  y  5k 2  16k  65  0 .

iii When SVU  90 ,

The slope of SV  The slope of UV  1
 4  3k    14    2k  4    14   1
7   29  7   29 
k 2  3k  270  0
 k  18 k  15   0
k  18  rej. or 15
k  15
When k  15 ,
 2 15   4    14 
The slope of UV  
7   29 
4

3
4
The slope of ST  
3
4

3
 The slope of UV
Hence, ST  VU .

TUV  UTQ  alt. s, ST  VU 

 90  tangent  radius 

Hence, when k  15 , SVU  90 , UTS  90  tangent  radius  and

TUV  90 so STUV is a rectangle.

Consequently, it is possible that STUV is a rectangle.