C60057 (Pages: 3) Name.........................................

Beg. No................ .... .... .. ...........

SIXTH SEME� B.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION, MARCH 2019

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(CUCBCSS)

Physics/Applied Physics

PHY 6B 12JAPY 6B 13-NUCLEAR PHYSICS, PARTICLE PHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS

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Time : Three Hours Maximum : 80 Marks

Section A

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Answer in a word or phrase.

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Answer all questions.

1. For chain reaction to continue, the multiplication factor (K) should be ----

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2. A reaction that releases more energy than is put into it is called ----

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4.
nuclear burning is possible is called a

The nucleus consists of ----

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A small star consisting of elements lighter than iron which has reached the stage where no further
----
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5. What are bosons ?

6. A device for increasing the kinetic energy of electrically charged particle is ----
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7. Fission chain reaction in a nuclear reactor can be controlled by introducing ----

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8. Fundamental particles of an atom ----

9. When nucleons form a stable nucleus, binding energy is ----

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10. Minimum energy required to pull nucleus apart is called ----

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(10 x 1 = 10 marks)

Section B
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Answer in a short paragraph.

Answer all questions.
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11. What is isospin ?

12. Define Chandrasekhar limit.

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13. What do you mean by electron capture?

14. Derme Meson.

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15. What is a breeder reactor?

16. What is semiconductor detector?

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17. What is Dark matter?

(7 x 2 = 14 marks)

Section C

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Answer in a paragraph
Answer any five questions.

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18. What do you mean by chain reaction in the context of nuclear fission reactors ?

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19. Explain the process of death of a star.

20. What are the different types of beta decay?

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21. Explain Meson theory of nuclear forces.

22.

23.

24.
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Briefly explain the working of a scintillation counter.

Briefly explain sources of stellar energy.

State some merits and demerits of liquid drop model.

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(5 x 4 = 20 marks)

Section D
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Problems-write all relevant formulas.

Answer any four questions.
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25. Deuterons in a cyclotron describe a circle of radius 0.32 mjust before emerging from the dress. The
frequency of the applied e.m.f. is 10 MHz. find the flux density of the magnetic field and the
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velocity of the deuterons emerging out of the electron.

26. Determine the strong interaction is allowed or not?

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27. A nuclear reactor having power out put of 100 MW. The half of the filled fuel is used by the reactoI
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in three years. How much lJ235 fuel does the reactor contain before the power production? Ene110
released per fission of is lJ235 is 200 MeV.
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28. Consider a single helium nucleus formed by the fusion of two deuterium nuclei. Find amount 0:

energy released ?
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29. It is required to operate a proportional counter with a maximum radial field of 10 7Vm-1 : What is
the applied voltage required if the radii of the wire and tube are 0.002 cm and 1 cm respectively.

30. Find out the contributions of coulomb energy and surface energy for the nucleus 92lJ235 nucleus.

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Given = (: )
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- 8.9 x I()9NM2C2 and a 3 = - 16.8 MeV, Ro = 1.2 f.

31. A self quenched G-M counter operates at 1000 volts and has a wire diameter of 0 .2 mm. The radius

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of the cathode is 2 cm and the tube has a guaranteed lifetime of 109 counts. What is the maximum
radial field and how long will the counter last if it is used on an average for 30 hours per week at
3000 counts per minute? Consider 50 weeks to a year.

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(4 4 16 marks)

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Section E (Essays)

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Answer any two questions.
Answer in about two pages.

33.
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32. What are quarks? Describe quark model of elementary particles. Also give two factors which do
not support the existence of quarks.
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Explain the methods by which particles are accelerated in linear accelerators·and storage rings.
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34. Explain the tunnelling theory of alpha decay.

35. Obtain the expression for the binding energy of a nucleus based on liquid drop model. State the
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semi-empirical formula ofWeizacker.

(2 x 10 = 20 marks)
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