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Mat001-18 First Lecture

This document provides an overview of the Cartesian coordinate system including: - Defining the Cartesian coordinate system and how it represents points, lines, curves and planes with reference axes. - Discussing one, two, three and n-dimensional Cartesian systems and how points are expressed. - Plotting example points in two and three-dimensional Cartesian planes. - Covering formulas for distance, slope, and midpoints of lines. - Describing equations of lines in slope-intercept, two-point, point-slope and standard forms. - Providing example problems calculating distance, midpoints, slopes and line endpoints in Cartesian coordinates.

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Maui Flores
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37 views13 pages

Mat001-18 First Lecture

This document provides an overview of the Cartesian coordinate system including: - Defining the Cartesian coordinate system and how it represents points, lines, curves and planes with reference axes. - Discussing one, two, three and n-dimensional Cartesian systems and how points are expressed. - Plotting example points in two and three-dimensional Cartesian planes. - Covering formulas for distance, slope, and midpoints of lines. - Describing equations of lines in slope-intercept, two-point, point-slope and standard forms. - Providing example problems calculating distance, midpoints, slopes and line endpoints in Cartesian coordinates.

Uploaded by

Maui Flores
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Click to edit Master title style

Pre Calculus

1
LJMacaraeg
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Course edit Master title style

ANALYTIC SEQUENCES CIRCULAR TRIGONOMETRY


GEOMETRY AND SERIES FUNCTIONS

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Cartesian Coordinate System

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What is meant
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by Cartesian
title style
Coordinate System

The cartesian coordinate system is a system with gives


reference axes to represent points, lines, curves, planes.
The algebraic equations can be represented
geometrically using the cartesian coordinate system.
The cartesian coordinate systems is of one dimension,
two dimensions, three-dimension, and n dimension.
The points in a cartesian coordinate system are
expressed as (x, y), or (x, y, z).

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THREE-DIMENSIONAL
CARTESIAN PLANE

https://www.rbjlabs.com/wp-
content/uploads/2020/10/cartesian-coordinate-
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system.png
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Plotting Points
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Pt. A (5, 6)

Pt. B (-2, 4)

Pt. C (6, - 4)

Pt. D (-2, -5)

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Plot the Points
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Pt. A (3, 2, 4)

Pt. B (-2, -6, 7)

Pt. C (4, 6, -5)

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Cartesian System
Master
Formulas
title style
❑ DISTANCE FORMULA
D= (𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 +(𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2

❑ SLOPE FORMULA
(𝑦2 −𝑦1 )
m = tan 𝜃 or m=
(𝑥2 −𝑥1 )
❑ MIDPOINT FORMULA
𝑥1 +𝑥2 𝑦1 +𝑦2
M= ,
2 2

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❑ Equation
to editofMaster
a Linetitle style

❑ Slope-Intercept Form
y = mx + b

❑ Two-point Form
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = (𝑥 − 𝑥1 )
𝑥2 −𝑥1

❑ Point-Slope Form
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )

❑ Standard or General Form of the Equation of the Line


Ax + By + C = 0 where: A, B and C are constants and
not both A and B are zero.
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REMEMBER:

❑ Two non-vertical lines are parallel if and only if


their slopes are equal. Whereas, two lines are
perpendicular if and only if their slopes are
negative reciprocals of each other.
❑ The slope of a horizontal line is zero(0) while the
slope of a vertical line is undefined.

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Example Problems
1. The distance between 𝑃1 2, 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃2 −1, 4 is equal to?

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2. Whatto edit
is the Master
midpoint of thetitle style joining the points 𝑃1 2, 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃2 −1, 4 ?
line segment

3. Determine the slope of the line through 𝑃1 and 𝑃2.

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4. If the to
endedit
of the Master title
line segment style
is the point (4, -3) and the midpoint is (-3, 2), find the
coordinates of the other endpoint?

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