ANSWER KEY

SET 1
1. Basic formula: X% = x / 100 a/ b as percent: (a/b x 100) %
Take the number as x
75% of x + 75 = x
75/100 + 75 = x
75 = x – 75/100 x
75 = x – ¾ x
75 = x/4
x = 300
2. Consider the number as x
x – 40/100 x = 30
x - 2/5 x = 30
3/5 x = 30
3x = 150
x = 150/3
x = 50
3. Consider the number as x
3/5 x = 40 + 40 % of x
= 40 + 40/100x
3/5 x – 40/100 x = 40
3/5x - 2/5 x = 40
1/5 x = 40
x = 200

4. Option C
Explanation:
(?% /100) * 120 = 90
? = 75%
5. Option C
Explanation:
X=100 y=120
120------20
100-------? => 16 2/3%
6. Option C
Explanation:
CP* (76/100) = 912
CP= 12 * 100 => CP = 1200
7. Option A
Explanation:
 (60/100) * 50 – (40/100) * 30
30 - 12 = 18

8. Option D
Explanation:
(80/100) * 40 – (4/5) * 25
32 - 20 = 12
9. Option C
Explanation:
(40/100) * X – (20/100) * 650 = 190
2/5 X = 320
X = 800
10. Option A
Explanation:
(25/100) * (30/100) * (45/100)
1/4 * 3/10 * 9/20
27/800 = 0.03375
11. Option A
Explanation:
(60/100) * X + 120 = X
2X = 600
X = 300
12. Option A
Explanation:
(60/100) * X – 40 = 50
6X = 900
X = 150
13. Option B
Explanation:
X * (96/100) = 23040
X = 240 * 100
X = 24000
14. Option C
Explanation:
100 – 10 = 90
90------10
100------? => 11 1/9%
15. Option C
Explanation:
X=100 y=125
125--------25
100--------? => 20%

16. Option C
Explanation:
y=100 x=130
130---------30
100---------? => 23 1/3%
17. Option C
Explanation:

18. Option C
Explanation:
I II III
120 125 100
125----------120
100-----------? => 96%
19. Option C
Explanation:
Let B = 100
A = 50
C * (150/100) = 50
3C = 100
C = 33.3 then 'C' Cheapest
20. Option C
Explanation:
X * (110/100) * (95/100) = 1045
X * (11/10) * (1/100) = 11
X = 1000

21. Option B
Explanation:
100 * 100 = 10000
80 * 115 = 9200
10000-----------800
100-----------? => 8% decrease
22. Option A
Explanation:
35%-----------L
65%-----------W
30%----------2250
100%---------? => 7500
23. Option B
Explanation:
X - (10/100) X = X * ?
? = 90%
24. Option A
Explanation:
X * (120/100)
---------------- = 2/15
Y * (75/100)
X/Y = 1/12
25. Option D
Explanation:
(5/100) A = (15/100) B
A = 3B
A + B = 2000
4B = 2000 => B = 500
A = 1500
26. Option B
Explanation:
[1000 + (X-4000) * (2.5/100)] - X * (5/100) = 600
X = 12000
27. Option C
Explanation:
X * (95/100) * (85/100) = 3553
X = 4400
28. Option C
Explanation:
Total = 100
T= 40 NT= 60
40*(60/100)=24 60*(40/100)=24
24 + 24 = 48 => 100 - 48 = 52%
29. Option B
Explanation:
W = 62% L = 38%
62% - 38% = 24%
24% -------- 288
62% -------- ? => 744
30. Option C
Explanation:
10*10
-------- = 1%
100

SET 2
1. Option B
Explanation:
Number of runs made by running = 110 - (3 x 4 + 8 x 6)
= 110 - (60)
= 50.
50 x 5
Required percentage = %
110 100 % = 4511

2. Option C
Explanation:
Let their marks be (x + 9) and x.
56
Then, x + 9 = (x + 9 + x)
100
25(x + 9) = 14(2x + 9)
3x = 99
x = 33
So, their marks are 42 and 33.
3. Option D
Explanation:
Suppose originally he had x apples.
Then, (100 - 40)% of x = 420.
60
x x = 420
100
420 x 100
x=
60 = 700.
 4. Option C
Explanation:
Clearly, the numbers which have 1 or 9 in the unit's digit, have squares that end in the digit
1. Such numbers from 1 to 70 are 1, 9, 11, 19, 21, 29, 31, 39, 41, 49, 51, 59, 61, 69.
Number of such number =14
14
Required percentage = x 100
70 % = 20%.

5. Option E
Explanation:
x y
x% of y = xy = xx = y% of x
100 100
A = B.

6. Option A
Explanation:
20
20% of a = b a = b.
100
b 20 1 4
b% of 20 = x 20 = ax x 20 = a = 4% of a.
100 100 100 100

7. Option E
Explanation:
Let the number of students be x. Then,
Number of students above 8 years of age = (100 - 20)% of x = 80% of x.
2
80% of x = 48 + of 48
3
80
x = 80
100
x = 100.

8. Option D
Explanation:
2
5% of A + 4% of B = (6% of A + 8% of B)
3
5 4 2 6 8
A+ B = A+ B
100 100 3 100 100
1 1 1 4
A+ B = A+ B
20 25 25 75
1 1 4 1
- -
20 25 A = 75 25 B
1 1
A= B
100 75
A 100 4
= = .
B 75 3
Required ratio = 4 : 3
 9. Option D
Explanation:
Let the number be x.
5 3 16
Then, error = x - x = x.
3 5 15
16x 3 x
Error% = x
15 5x 100 % = 64%.

10. Option A
Explanation:
Number of valid votes = 80% of 7500 = 6000.
Valid votes polled by other candidate = 45% of 6000
45 x =
=
100 6000 2700.

11. Option A
Explanation:
Total number of votes polled = (1136 +
7636 + 11628) = 20400.

Required 11628 x
percentage = 20400 100 % = 57%.

12. Option B
Explanation:
Let the sum paid to Y per week be Rs. z.
Then, z + 120% of z = 550.
120
z+ z = 550
100
11
z = 550
5
550 x 5
z=
11 = 250.

13. Option C
Explanation:
Let the amount taxable purchases be Rs. x.
30
Then, 6% of x =
100
30 100
x= x
100 6 = 5.

Cost of tax free items = Rs. [25 - (5 + 0.30)] = Rs. 19.70

14. Option A
Explanation:
6
Rebate = 6% of Rs. 6650 = Rs. x 6650 = Rs. 399.
100
10
Sales tax = 10% of Rs. (6650 - 399) = Rs. x 6251 = Rs. 625.10
100
Final amount = Rs. (6251 + 625.10) = Rs. 6876.10

15. Option B
Explanation:
Increase in 10 years = (262500 - 175000) = 87500.
87500
Increase% = x 100
175000 % = 50%.
50
Required average =
10 % = 5%.

16. Option B
Explanation:
Let the given number be x

Increased Number = (110% of x)

= (110/100 × x) = (11x/10)

Finally reduced number = (90 % of 11x/10)

= (90/100 × 11x/10) = 99x/100

Decrease = (x – 99x/100) = x/100

Decrease % = (x/100 × 1/x × 100)% = 1 %

17. Option B
Explanation:
Let the C.P of the article be Rs 1 per gram

C.P of 900gm = Rs 900,

S.P of 1000gm = Rs 1000

Gain % = (100/900 × 100)% = 100/9 % = 11 1/9 %

18. Option D
Explanation:
Reduction % in consumption = {r/(100+ r) × 100}% = (25/125 × 100)% = 20%
 19. Option D
Explanation:
Let the original fraction be x/y.

Then new fraction

Therefore 24/25(x/y) = 4/15

=> x/y = (4/15 × 25/24) = 5/18

Therefore Original Fraction = 5/18

20. Option D
Explanation:
Let the number be x and (2490 - x).

Then 6.5 % of x = 8.5 % of (2490 - x)

=> 6.5/100 × x = 8.5/100 × (2490 - x)

=> 65x/1000 = 85(2490 - x)/1000

=> 65x = (85 × 2490) – 85x

=> 150x =(85 × 2490)

=> x = 211650/150 = 1411

Hence the numbers are 1411 and (2490 - 1411) = 1079

21.Option D
Explanation:
Let the total number of voters be x

Votes cast = 92 % of x = (92/100 × x) = 23x/25

Votes in favour of winning candidate = 48/100 × x

= 12x/25
Votes polled by defeated candidate = (23x/25 – 12x/25)

= 11x/25 12x/25 – 11x/25 = 1100

=> 12x – 11x = 27500

=> x = 27500

22.Option A
Explanation:
Valid votes = (80/100 × 7500) = 6000

Valid votes polled by one candidates

=(55/100 × 6000) = 3300

Valid votes polled by another candidate

= (6000 - 3300) = 2700

23. Option C
Explanation:
Let the enrolled votes be x,

Votes cast = (75/100 × x) = 3x/4

Valid votes = (98/100 × 3x/4)

= 147x/200 75/100 × 147x/200 = 9261

=> 441x = (9261 × 800)

=> x = 16800

24. Option D
Explanation:
Total votes = (1136 + 7636 + 11628) = 20400

Required % = (11628/20400 × 100)% = 57%

25.Option C
Explanation:
Let there are 100 persons in which 60 men and 40 women number of men who cleared the qualifying test

= 70 x 60/100 = 42

Number of women who cleared the qualifying test

Number of men who get success in final test

= 42 x 4/5 = 33.6

Number of women who get success in final test

= 30 x 70/100 = 21

Hence more men cleared the examination than a woman.

26. Option B
Explanation:
Let the marks of each question be 10

Total marks got by the candidate = 8 x 5 =40 marks

40% = 40 : 100 = 100

Therefore, Total number of questions = 100/10 =10

27. Option A
Explanation:
Total number of employees be 100

Then number of men = 6000/100 = 60

Number of women = 4000/100 = 40

Therefore, number of men drawing more than Rs. 50000 = 2400/100 = 24 men

Since the number of total employees drawing more than Rs. 50000 = 3600/100 = 36

Number of women who draw more than Rs. 50000 = 36- 24 = 12

Number of women who draw less than Rs. 50000 = 40 -12 = 28

Therefore, Percentage of the women who draw less than Rs. 50000 per year = 28/40 x 100% = 70%

28. Option B
Explanation:
Let x% candidates take both the subjects.

Therefore, Percentage of candidates who opted physics = 65.8%

And percentage of candidates who opted mathematics = 59.2%

= (125 -100)% = 25%

Also total number of candidates = 2000

Therefore, Number of candidates who opted both the subjects = 25/100 x 2000 =500
29. Option C
Explanation:
Here Z = 100, x =80 and y =72

According to the formula

Percentage change = 8/80 x 100% = 10%

Hence Y is less than X by 10%

30.Option C
Explanation:
Let the enrolled votes be x,

Votes cast = (75/100 × x) = 3x/4

Valid votes = (98/100 × 3x/4)

= 147x/200 75/100 × 147x/200 = 9261

=> 441x = (9261 × 800)

=> x = 16800