‫علوم حاسوب‬ ‫ابتسام أبكر‬.

‫أ‬
Programming Fundamental Lec11 Sem1

Two-Dimensional Array
Contents of Lecture:
 Introduction
 Declaration and Initialization
 Processing 2D Arrays
 Example
 Homework number (8) delivered next week

Introduction
 While one-dimensional arrays allow data to be placed in an array one row at a time,
two-dimensional arrays are capable of storing data in both rows and columns.

 To accomplish this, each row in a two-dimensional array is associated with the

number of columns defined for the array.
 As with one-dimensional arrays, the entire array must contain elements of the same
type.

 Because of the capability of storing data in rows and columns, it is obvious that two-
dimensional arrays can provide more flexibility than one-dimensional arrays.

Declaration and Initialization

 Declaring a two-dimensional array has the following form:
Declare arr_name[NUM_ROWS][NUM_COLS]
 Where:
 arr_name is the variable name for the array
 NUM_ROWS is the maximum number of rows for the array
 And NUM_COLS is the maximum number of columns for the array.

 To declare an array of five rows and three columns, the following code could be used:
 Declare arr[5][3].

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 ‫علوم حاسوب‬ ‫ابتسام أبكر‬.‫أ‬
Programming Fundamental Lec11 Sem1
 Or declare a two-dimensional array by initial values; we can be accomplished
using the following format:
int arr[5][3] =
{
{ 0, 1, 2 },
{ 3, 4, 5 },
{ 6, 7, 8 },
{ 9, 0, 1 },
{ 2, 3, 4 } 0 1 2
}
0 0 1 2

1 3 4 5

2 6 7 8

3 9 0 1

4 2 3 4
The above code initializes:
arr[0][0] = 0
arr[0][1] = 1
arr[1][0] = 3
arr[1][1] = 4
arr[4][0] = 2
,…

Processing 2D Arrays
 Because 2D arrays must be filled by row and column, processing a 2D array can be
done using nested for loops.

 For instance, to fill an array declared numArr[10][10] with user input, the following
nested loop scheme could be used:

For row = 0 to 9
For col = 0 to 9
Prompt user for numArr[row][col]
Get numArr[row][col]
col  col +1
EndLoop
row  row +1
EndLoop

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 ‫علوم حاسوب‬ ‫ابتسام أبكر‬.‫أ‬
Programming Fundamental Lec11 Sem1
 To display the contents of the above filled array ten values per line, the following
code could be used:

For row = 0 to 9
For col = 0 to 9
Display numArr[row][col]
col  col +1
EndLoop
row  row +1
EndLoop

Example:
Write pseudo code and draw flowchart to input and output number in two-dimensional
array of 3 rows and four column.
1. Begin
2. Declare arrNum[3][4]
3. For i = 0 to 3
For k = 0 to 4
Prompt user to enter arrNum[i][k]
Get arrNum[i][k]
k = k +1
EndLoop
i=i+1
EndLoop
4. For i = 0 to 2
For k = 0 to 3
Display arrNum[i][k]
k = k +1
EndLoop
i=i+1
EndLoop
5. End

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 ‫علوم حاسوب‬ ‫ابتسام أبكر‬.‫أ‬
Programming Fundamental Lec11 Sem1

Start

Declare arrNum [3][4]

i=0

If NO
( i <= 2)

YES

k=0

NO If
( k <= 3)

YES

Prompt user to enter arrNum[i][k]

Get arrNum[i][k]

i=i+1
k = k +1

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 ‫علوم حاسوب‬ ‫ابتسام أبكر‬.‫أ‬
Programming Fundamental Lec11 Sem1

i=0

If NO
( i <= 2)

YES

k=0

NO If
( k <= 3)

YES

Display arrNum[i][k]

k = k +1

i=i+1

End

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 ‫علوم حاسوب‬ ‫ابتسام أبكر‬.‫أ‬
Programming Fundamental Lec11 Sem1

Homework number (8) delivered next week

1) Suppose we have a two dimensional number array of exactly ten rows and ten
columns, and we need to find the sum of the integers along the main diagonal of the
array. Write a pseudo code and draw a flowchart to do this operation.

2) Write a pseudo code and draw a flowchart that displays the maximum and minimal
value in two-dimensional array that have size 6×4.

3) write a pseudo code and draw a flowchart to display the summation of each row in
two-dimension array of three rows and three columns, for example if you input
values like the figure below

2 8 7
5 5 1
4 3 9
The output should like this:
17
11
16

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