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Types of RNA-Worksheet Omar Ibrahim

The document discusses the three main types of RNA - rRNA, mRNA, and tRNA. It explains their roles in the central dogma of biology, where DNA is transcribed into RNA and then translated into proteins. The document contains interactive elements where the reader can learn about the structure and function of each RNA type.

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Omar Ibrahim L
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577 views5 pages

Types of RNA-Worksheet Omar Ibrahim

The document discusses the three main types of RNA - rRNA, mRNA, and tRNA. It explains their roles in the central dogma of biology, where DNA is transcribed into RNA and then translated into proteins. The document contains interactive elements where the reader can learn about the structure and function of each RNA type.

Uploaded by

Omar Ibrahim L
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Three Types of RNA Virtual Lab


https://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/basics/centraldogma/

Test Your Knowledge! What do you already know?

1. What does RNA stand for? Ribonucleic Acid

2. List the two ways that RNA is different from DNA.

RNA contains the sugar ribose, unlike DNA which contains


Deoxyribose which is slightly different than ribose. RNA is single-
stranded while DNA is a double helix. Also, in RNA instead of thymine,
there is uracil.

Starter: DNA to RNA


Access the Types of RNA interactive
using the link at the top of the page.
Read through the introduction at the top
of the website and answer the questions
below.

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

DNA→ RNA→ Proteins


Why is DNA so important for heredity? DNA is so important for heredity because it
contains all the genetic information that is passed on to the next generation. (offspring)

Hypothesize! Find the DNA molecule inside the cell. What enzyme unwinds DNA
so that it can be transcribed? Why is it necessary for DNA to be unwound in order
to be read? DNA helicase is the enzyme that unwinds DNA. It is
important for DNA to split because each of the original strands is used
as a template or guide for the new complementary strands.

© 2021 Building Brix of Science


2

Using the interactive, scroll over the three types of RNA found inside the cell. Draw
your own model in the boxes below - or copy & paste if on the computer.

rRNA mRNA tRNA

rRNA stands for


mRNA stands for tRNA stands for
- Ribosomal
- Messenger - Transfer
ribonucleic
ribonucleic ribonucleic acid
acid
acid
tRNA carries
What structure does What structures are
amino acids, which are
rRNA make up? found at the ends of
The stitching together the building blocks of
the mRNA strand?
of amino acids that
make a protein proteins.
What structures are
molecule.
What proteins bind
removed?
these blocks and
A Polyadenylation is
What helps the found at end of the
mRNA strand. Introns
tRNA molecules
rRNA hold its are removed from the
structure. together?
shape?
Aminoacyl-tRNA binds
Phosphodiester bonds
them together.

What role does rRNA the cell’s protein-


What role does mRNA
play in the central building machine.
play in the central
dogma? Makes most
dogma? Carries
of the Structure of the
protein blueprint
ribosome which is
© 2021 Building Brix of Science
3

from DNA to
What role does
ribosomes.
tRNA play in the
central dogma?
Carries the
appropriate
amino acids
into the
ribosome to
include them in
the new
protein.

© 2021 Building Brix of Science


4

NA & The Central Dogma

As you read through the information about DNA & RNA, fill in the blanks below.

1. Inside the nucleus of the cell, DNA is unwound by the enzyme


Helicase .
2. The information to make rRNA ,mRNA , and tRNA are all found in these
genetic instructions.
3. These three molecules are made in the nucleus and then transported to
the ribosomes .
4. The rRNA is used to make amino acids , which makes proteins for the
cells.
5. The mRNA molecule is a very short strand that has a 5 end at one end
and a 3 end at the other end. The mRNA strand is read in 3
bases at a time, which are called codons.
6. The tRNA molecule codes for anticodons and there are 61 with 3 stop
signals (64) in total.
7. An enzyme called polymerase pairs up the mRNA codons
and the tRNA anticodons.
8. This new amino acid strand folds in on itself as it gets longer and eventually
forms a new protein.

RNA & The Cell

Each type of RNA is


critically important for our cells to
function. Hypothesize! Which type
of RNA would be most affected by a
lack of ribosomal proteins? Explain
how &
why.

rRNA gene transcription, production of ribosomal proteins (r-proteins) and


biogenesis factors, per ribosome processing, and transport are all affected by
© 2021 Building Brix of Science
5

the inactivation of ribosomal proteins.

© 2021 Building Brix of Science

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