Bhs. Inggris

AMSTERDAM ROAD TO UTBK-SBMPTN
TPS – PPU – BAHASA INGGRIS
PAKET I
TEXT 1
The word gambut (peat) is taken from the name of a village, Desa Gambut (now Gambut sub-
district), which is located about 10 km east of Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. It is at this place
that for the first time, rice has been successfully cultivated in peat soiled rice fields. In the soil
taxonomy system, peat soil is grouped into a separate soil order called histosols, which means that
the land is predominantly composed of organic soil materials in the form of the remains of plant
tissues. The nature and the characteristics of peat soil can be determined based on their physical
and chemical properties.
Gambut has dark brown to blackish colors. Although its basic materials are gray, brown or
reddish, after decomposition, the dark humid compounds will appear. Furthermore, based on the
weight of the contents, peat soil or gambut, which has undergone further decomposition, has a
content weight ranging from 0.2 to 0.3 g/cm 3. Due to the low content weight, peat has a large
capacity as water storage, about 2-4 times its dry weight. In fact, moss peat that has not been
decomposed can store up to 12 or 15 even 20 times more water than its own weight. In addition,
peat soil has a large absorption area, which is up to 4 times greater than montmorillonite clay.
Next, peat soil has acidic reaction properties. Decomposition of organic matters will produce
organic acids that accumulate in the body of the soil hence increasing the acidity of the peat soil.
Generally, peat soil shows real resistance to changes in pH when compared to mineral soils. As a
result, peat soil requires more limestone to increase the pH at the same level of the value of
mineral soil. Thus, peat soil requires a higher dose of fertilizers than mineral soil.
Furthermore, based on the nutrients contained in it, peat soil is a type of nutrient-poor soil.
High levels of N and organic matters in peat soils are also accompanied by a high N nitrification
process so that the activity of heterotrophic organisms is not well stimulated and the organisms
active in the nitrification process can carry out their activities. Therefore, the levels of P
(phosphorus) and K (potassium) of peat soils are generally lower than that of the mineral soils.
Also, the plants cultivated on the peat soil very are very responsive to the fertilization using P
and K.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Peat soil has good properties as fertilizers
B. Peat soil is physically and chemically different
C. Peat soil has certain physical and chemical properties
D. Peat soil has chemical properties that are quite different from clay
E. Peat soil is brown because of its physical and chemical properties
2. It is implied from paragraph 1 that …

A. peat soil has the same composition as most of other soil types
B. peat soil was first discovered in Desa Gambut
C. peat soil contains plentiful source of plant tissues
D. peat soil can scarcely help promote the growth of plants
E. peat soil produces various chemical properties
3. The underlined word ‘predominantly’ is closest in meaning to …

A. previously
B. primarily
C. constantly
D. sufficiently
E. occasionally
4. The word ‘can’ in the passage is used to express …

1
A. possibility
B. certainty
C. obligation
D. ability
E. suggestion
5. The purpose of the writer in writing the sentence 'Therefore, the levels of P (phosphorus) and
K (potassium) of peat soils are generally lower than that of the mineral soils. Also, the plants
cultivated on the peat soil are very responsive to the fertilization using P and K' in paragraph
4 is to …
A. identify mineral soil to be given fertilizers P and K
B. support the increased production of fertilizers P and K
C. confirm that the best type of fertilizers for peat soil is P and K
D. exemplify the method of administering P and K fertilizers on peat soil
E. explain that P and K fertilizers are produced only for plants on peat soil
TEXT 2
The Winterthur Museum is a collection and a house. There are many museums devoted to the
decorative arts and many house museums, but rarely in the United States is a great collection
displayed in a great country house. Passing through successive generations of a single family,
Winterthur has been a private estate for more than a century. Even after the extensive renovations
made to it between 1929 and 1931, the house remained a family residence. This fact is of
importance to the atmosphere and effect of the museum. The impression of a lived-in house is
apparent to the visitor; the rooms look as if they were vacated only a short while ago ― whether by
the original owners of the furniture of the most recent residents of the house can be a matter of
personal interpretation. Winterthur remains, then, a house in which a collection of furniture and
architectural elements has been assembled. Like an English country house, it is an organic
structure; the house, as well as the collection and manner of displaying it to the visitor, has
changed over the years. The changes have coincided with developing concepts of the American arts,
increased knowledge on the part of collectors and students, and a progression toward the
achievement of a historical effect in period-room displays. The rooms at Winterthur have followed
this current, yet still retained the character of a private house.
The concept of a period room as a display technique has developed gradually over the years in
an effort to present works of art in a context that would show them to greater effect and would
give them more meaning for the viewer. Comparable to the habitat group in a natural history
museum, the period room represents the decorative arts in a lively and interesting manner and
provides an opportunity to assemble objects related by style, date, or place of manufacture.
6. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The reason that Winterthur was redesigned
B. Elements that make Winterthur an unusual museum
C. How Winterthur compares to English country houses
D. Historical furniture contained in Winterthur
E. The original owners of the recent resident furniture
7. The phrase ‘devoted to’ is closest in meaning to …

A. surrounded by
B. specializing in
C. successful with
D. brought up
2
E. sentimental about
8. What happened at Winterthur between 1929 and 1931?

A. The owners moved out
B. The house was repaired
C. The old furniture was replaced
D. The estate became a museum
E. Its visitors declined in number
9. The word ‘it’ refers to …

A. Winterthur
B. collection
C. English country house
D. visitor
E. element
10. What is the relationship between the two paragraphs in the passage?
A. Each paragraph describes a different historical period.
B. The second paragraph explains the contrast idea of the first paragraph.
C. The second paragraph explains a term that was mentioned in the first paragraph.
D. Each paragraph describes a different approach to the display of objects in a museum.
E. The second paragraph of explains a philosophy art appreciation that contrasts with the
philosophy explained in the first paragraph.
ANSWER KEY
1 C
2 D
3 B
4 D
5 C
6 B
7 B
8 B
9 A
10 C

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AMSTERDAM ROAD TO UTBK-SBMPTN

TPS – PPU – BAHASA INGGRIS

1. What is the main idea of the passage?

2. It is implied from paragraph 1 that …

3. The underlined word ‘predominantly’ is closest in meaning to …

4. The word ‘can’ in the passage is used to express …

6. What does the passage mainly discuss?

7. The phrase ‘devoted to’ is closest in meaning to …

8. What happened at Winterthur between 1929 and 1931?

9. The word ‘it’ refers to …

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