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    Kelly Isccs Analysis

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    Ajay Singh
    1) Integrated solar combined cycle (ISCC) systems can improve the efficiency of combined cycle power plants by up to 20% by using solar thermal energy to generate steam. 2) The most efficient use of solar energy is to displace saturated steam production in the heat recovery steam generator. 3) To maintain solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies above 30%, annual solar contributions should be limited to 2-7% of the total energy input without thermal storage and up to 10% is possible with no storage.

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    Kelly Isccs Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Singh
    40 views16 pages
    1) Integrated solar combined cycle (ISCC) systems can improve the efficiency of combined cycle power plants by up to 20% by using solar thermal energy to generate steam. 2) The most efficient use of solar energy is to displace saturated steam production in the heat recovery steam generator. 3) To maintain solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies above 30%, annual solar contributions should be limited to 2-7% of the total energy input without thermal storage and up to 10% is possible with no storage.

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    1) Integrated solar combined cycle (ISCC) systems can improve the efficiency of combined cycle power plants by up to 20% by using solar thermal energy to generate steam. 2) The most efficient use of solar energy is to displace saturated steam production in the heat recovery steam generator. 3) To maintain solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies above 30%, annual solar contributions should be limited to 2-7% of the total energy input without thermal storage and up to 10% is possible with no storage.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    40 views16 pages

    Kelly Isccs Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Singh
    1) Integrated solar combined cycle (ISCC) systems can improve the efficiency of combined cycle power plants by up to 20% by using solar thermal energy to generate steam. 2) The most efficient use of solar energy is to displace saturated steam production in the heat recovery steam generator. 3) To maintain solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies above 30%, annual solar contributions should be limited to 2-7% of the total energy input without thermal storage and up to 10% is possible with no storage.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16

    National Renewable Energy Laboratory USA Trough Initiative

    Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Systems Bruce Kelly Nexant Inc., A Bechtel Technology & Consulting Company San Francisco, California Ulf Herrmann FLABEG Solar International GmbH Kln, Germany

    Integrated Solar Combined Cycle System

    Thermodynamic and Economic Benefits


    Incremental Rankine cycle efficiencies are 95 to 120 percent those of a SEGS plant, and up to 105 percent those of a combined cycle plant Daily steam turbine startup losses are eliminated Incremental Rankine cycle power plant costs are 25 to 75 percent those of a SEGS plant

    Thermodynamic Benefit
    Solar conversion efficiencies are higher than conventional plants, yet Brayton and Rankine cycle conditions remain unchanged Thermodynamic availability is improved by reducing temperature difference in heat transfer Largest Rankine cycle temperature differences occur in high pressure evaporator of the heat recovery steam generator

    Thermodynamic Benefit
    The most efficient use of solar energy is displacing saturated steam production Corollary: Sensible heat transfer has the smallest temperature differences; thus, the least efficient use of solar energy is feedwater preheating and steam superheating

    Heat Transfer Diagram for Combined Cycle Plant

    ISCCS with Small Solar Input

    ISCCS with Large Solar Input

    Inherent Limits
    If solar conversion efficiencies are to match or exceed SEGS plants, annual solar contributions are limited to 2 to 7 percent Annual contributions above 10 percent can be easily achieved without the use of thermal storage, but net solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies will be below 30 percent

    Benefits and Limits


    0.48 0.46 0.44 0.42 0.40 0.38 0.36 0.34 0.32 0 50 100 Solar Thermal Input, MWt 150 200 Solar + Fossil Fuel Conversion Efficiency Solar Conversion Efficiency Incremental Rankine Cycle Efficiency

    Part Load Rankine Cycle Efficiencies


    Declining conversion efficiency with increasing solar contribution is not due to decrease in turbine efficiency at part load
    Steam flow rates, and therefore pressures, are high during the day, and lower at night Throttling introduces a loss in thermodynamic availability; thus, sliding pressure operation is preferred Extraction feedwater heaters are not used; thus, the final feedwater temperature is independent of Rankine cycle load

    Part Load Rankine Cycle Efficiencies


    Turbine efficiencies (continued)
    At night, the decay in steam flow rate is matched by a decay in steam pressure Volume flow rate remains almost constant; thus, the turbine blade velocity vectors remain close to design values

    Rankine cycle penalties during majority of operating hours can be very small

    Main and Reheat Steam Conditions


    Variable pressure and constant temperature
    Superheater and reheater sized for solar operation Main and reheat steam attemperation required at night Constant turbine temperatures, but high consumption of feedwater

    Main and Reheat Steam Conditions


    Variable pressure and variable temperature
    Superheater and reheater sized for evening operation Main and reheat steam temperatures decay during solar operation Reasonable low pressure turbine exhaust moisture maintained by reheat steam No feedwater demand for attemperation except following solar steam generator trip

    Design Recommendations
    For F series gas turbines and 3 pressure heat recovery steam generators, solar thermal inputs should be limited to 100 to 300 percent of high pressure evaporator duty Thermal inputs to low pressure evaporator, intermediate pressure evaporator, feedwater preheater, superheater, and reheater are thermodynamically much less efficient

    Design Recommendations
    Variable pressure/variable temperature designs offer reasonable efficiencies, less complex operating procedures, reduced water consumption, and improved availability To maintain reasonable conversion efficiencies, solar contributions above 10 percent are best provided through the use of thermal storage

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