BFD Principles and Configurations

Foreword
As network applications are widely deployed, network disconnections

BFD Principles and

may affect services and lead to major losses. To minimize the impact of
Configurations link or device faults on services and improve network availability, a

network device must be able to quickly detect faults in communication
with adjacent devices. Measures can then be taken to promptly rectify
the faults to ensure service continuity.
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 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) is a unified detection
mechanism independent of media and protocols, and is used to rapidly
detect the connectivity of network links or IP routes. How does BFD
implement fast fault detection? What is the convergence time?
Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 1
Objectives Contents
 Upon completion of this section, you will be able to: 1. BFD Principles
 Understand BFD Principles 2. BFD Application Scenarios
 Master BFD configurations in common application scenarios
Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2 Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 3
1
Fault in Application Scenario 1 Fault in Application Scenario 2
RTC
 A hardware or link fault occurs
Why the
neighbor does  between RTB and RTC. How is
not connect to RTB
me? RTA Primary egress
user traffic transmitted?
OSPF neighbor
SWB
VRRP master
 SWA
RTA SWB SWC RTD Are there any

VRRP
solutions to this
 The link between SWB and SWC is disconnected. Is the OSPF neighbor problem?
SWC
relationship between RTA and RTD terminated immediately?
PC-A PC-B PC-C
Fault Detection Method Introduction to BFD

 BFD is a unified detection mechanism used to rapidly detect
Hardware Fast fault Low
detection detection universality bidirectional connectivity of network links or IP routes. It provides
services for upper-layer applications.
BFD uses sessions to detect faults and notify the corresponding protocol module
of the faults.
Slow
Hello packet Common convergence Application layer Application layer
detection application Protocol Transport layer Transport layer
dependence
Network Layer Network Layer
Data link layer Data link layer

 Is there a universal detection mechanism that can achieve fast Physical layer Physical layer
convergence?
2
BFD Session Establishment Mode and
BFD Session Establishment
Detection Mechanism
RTA RTB
Periodical sending
BFD control packet (A-B)
DOWN DOWN
RTA BFD control packet (B-A) RTB

INIT INIT
Local discriminator Local discriminator
(Local Discriminator=A) (Local Discriminator=B) UP UP
Remote discriminator Remote discriminator
(Remote Discriminator=B) (Remote Discriminator=A)
BFD Working Process Association Functions

 Association involves the detection, track, and application
OSPF neighbor modules.
OSPF
①

⑤
 OSPF
② BFD neighbor ④
BFD  BFD Application Detection
module module
Link neighbor

③
VRRP
RTA RTB Static route Track

BFD
module
PBR module
 OSPF neighbor relationship setup -> BFD session establishment
Interface
backup
 Link fault -> BFD session Down -> OSPF neighbor relationship
termination
3
Configuration Requirements of BFD for
Contents
OSPF
1. BFD Principles OSPF neighbor
2. BFD Application Scenarios G0/0/1  G0/0/1
RTA SWB SWC RTD
 A company uses two Layer 2 switches to connect two departments that are far from
each other. RTA and RTD are enabled with OSPF and establish an OSPF neighbor
relationship to ensure that they are reachable at the network layer.
 RTA and RTD support BFD. BFD for OSPF needs to be used. When a fault occurs on the
link between RTA/RTD and a Layer 2 switch or between switches, for example, the link
is Down, BFD can quickly detect the fault and notify OSPF.

Configuration Procedure of BFD for OSPF
VRRP
RTC
 Requirements
# # 
bfd bfd  SWA and SWB establish a
# #
RTA RTB
ospf 1 ospf 1
area 0.0.0.0 area 0.0.0.0
Primary VRRP group and SWB is the
network 10.0.12.1 0.0.0.0 network 10.0.12.2 0.0.0.0 egress
bfd all-interface enable bfd all-interface enable master. When the link
SWB between RTB and RTC link is
SWA
OSPF neighbor VRRP
master
faulty, SWB can quickly
VRRP
G0/0/1  G0/0/1 detect the fault and switches
RTA SWB SWC RTD to be backup. Then SWA
SWC
becomes the master.
PC-A PC-B PC-C
4
Configuration Procedure of BFD for VRRP
Static Routes
#
RTC bfd
# ISP1
 RTB
bfd 1 bind peer-ip 10.0.24.2 source-ip
10.0.45.5 auto G0/0/1
commit
Primary RTA RTB
RTA G0/0/1
egress #
bfd
#
Campus
SWB
bfd 1 bind peer-ip 10.0.45.5 source-ip network
VRRP 10.0.24.2 auto
G0/0/2
master commit
SWA #
interface Vlanif100
ip address 10.0.12.2 255.255.255.0 G0/0/1 ISP2
VRRP vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.0.12.254 RTC
vrrp vrid 1 priority 200
vrrp vrid 1 track bfd-session
 Requirements
session-name 1 reduced 100
SWC  RTA is the campus network's egress that is connected to ISP1 and ISP2. Normally,
#
interface Vlanif100 by default route points to ISP1 and the route to ISP2 is the backup. When the
ip address 10.0.12.1 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.0.12.254 default route to ISP1 is unreachable, traffic can be quickly switched to the route to
PC-A PC-B PC-C
ISP2.
Configuration Procedure of BFD for Static Configuration Requirements of BFD for

Routes BGP
#
bfd
#
BGP neighbor
bfd 1 bind peer-ip 10.0.12.1 source-ip
Loopback0:1.1.1.1 Loopback0:2.2.2.2
10.0.12.2 auto commit
ISP1
G0/0/1
Network
RTA RTB
G0/0/1
 RTA RTB
Campus network  Requirements

G0/0/2 RTC
 RTA and RTB establish an IBGP peer relationship over an intermediate network.
G0/0/1 ISP2
 RTA and RTB support BFD. BFD for BGP needs to be used. When a fault occurs on the
#
bfd link between RTA/RTB and a device on the intermediate network or an internal link of
#
bfd 1 bind peer-ip 10.0.12.2 source-ip 10.0.12.1 auto the intermediate network fails, BFD can quickly detect the fault and notify BGP.
commit
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.12.2 track bfd-session 1
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.13.2 preference 100
5
Configuration Procedure of BFD for BGP BFD Echo Function
BGP neighbor  BFD Echo function
Loopback0:1.1.1.1 Loopback0:2.2.2.2
Network
RTA RTB BFD BFD not
<RTA>display bfd session all
supported supported
---------------------------------------------------
Local Remote PeerIpAddr State Type InterfaceName Link neighbor
------------------------------------------------------
8192 8192 2.2.2.2 Up D_IP_PEER -
------------------------------------------------------
Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 1/0
RTA RTB
# #
bfd bfd
# #
bgp 65500 bgp 65500
peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 65500 peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 65500
peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0 peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 2.2.2.2 bfd enable peer 1.1.1.1 bfd enable
Default BFD Parameters and Adjusting

Quiz
Method
1. How many states are there for BFD session establishment?
Parameter Default Value Remarks
2. Which routing protocols can be associated with BFD?
Global BFD Disabled Global BFD needs to be enabled.
Sending interval 1000 ms The value is adjusted as needed.
Receiving interval 1000 ms The value is adjusted as needed.
You are advised to retain the
Local detection multiplier 3
default value.
Wait to Restore (WTR )
0 The value is adjusted as needed.
time
Delay before a BFD session
0 The value is adjusted as needed.
becomes Up
Priority of BFD packets 7 (highest) You are advised to retain the value.
6
Thank You
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Foreword

As network applications are widely deployed, network disconnections

Configurations link or device faults on services and improve network availability, a

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

RTA SWB SWC RTD Are there any

PC-A PC-B PC-C

Fault Detection Method Introduction to BFD

Data link layer Data link layer

RTA BFD control packet (B-A) RTB

Local discriminator Local discriminator

(Local Discriminator=A) (Local Discriminator=B) UP UP

Remote discriminator Remote discriminator

(Remote Discriminator=B) (Remote Discriminator=A)

BFD Working Process Association Functions

RTA RTB Static route Track

2. BFD Application Scenarios G0/0/1  G0/0/1

RTA SWB SWC RTD

Configuration Requirements of BFD for

PC-A PC-B PC-C

Configuration Procedure of BFD for Static Configuration Requirements of BFD for

Campus network  Requirements

Default BFD Parameters and Adjusting

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