Organisational Behaviour

MBA ( Regular) Sem- I (Batch 2022- 2024)

Presented by: Prof. Harshita Mankad Varghese

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 Personality The Big Five model; Type A and
B; Myers Briggs Type Indicator, person-job
fit; Holland’s questionnaire
Lecture 8

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Big Five Personality Model
Appreciate perspective,
Tendency to frequently new art, ideas , values,
experience negative emotions feelings and behaviours.
such as anger, worry and
sadness as well as being
interpersonally sensitive.

Tendency to be careful, on-

time for appointments, to
follow rules, and to be
hardworking.

Tendency to agree and go Tendency to be talkative,

along with others rather social and to enjoy others,
than to assert one’s own the tendency to have a
opinions and choice. dominant style.

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The Big Five Dimension
Openness to experience Conscientiousness Extraversion
A personality dimension that A personality dimension A personality dimension
characterizes someone in terms of that describes someone describing someone who
imagination, sensitivity, and who is responsible, is sociable, gregarious,
curiosity dependable, persistent, and assertive.
and organized.

Agreeableness Emotional stability

A personality dimension A personality dimension that
that describes someone characterizes someone as
who is good natured, calm, self-confident, secure
cooperative, and trusting. (positive) versus nervous,
depressed, and insecure
(negative).

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 How Do the Big Five Traits Predict Behavior at Work?

Research has found relationships between these personality dimensions and job
performance. As the authors of the most-cited review observed, “The
preponderance of evidence shows that individuals who are dependable, reliable,
careful, thorough, able to plan, organized, hardworking, persistent, and
achievement-oriented tend to have higher job performance in most if not all
occupations.”
Employees who score higher in conscientiousness develop higher levels of job
knowledge, probably because highly conscientious people learn more (a review of
138 studies revealed conscientiousness was related to GPA).
Higher levels of job knowledge contribute to higher levels of job performance.
Conscientious individuals who are more interested in learning than in just
performing on the job are also exceptionally good at maintaining performance in the
face of negative feedback.17 There can be “too much of a good thing,” however, as
extremely conscientious individuals typically do not perform better than those
who are simply above average in conscientiousness.

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Type A & Type B Personality

Type A and Type B are two types of trait classification.

Type A individuals are aggressive, ambitious, controlling,

highly competitive, preoccupied with status, workaholics,
hostile, and lack patience.

Type B people are relaxed, less stressed, flexible,

emotional and expressive, and have a laid-back attitude

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Carl Jung’s Personality Theory

In his book “Psychological Types” Carl Jung categorized people into Primary Types of
Psychological Functions.

He proposed 4 main functions of consciousness:

1. Two Perceiving Functions – Sensation and Intuition

2. Two Judging Functions – Thinking & Feeling

And he categorized Attitudes into 2 Types – Extraversion and Introversion

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Sensing means that a person mainly
Thinking means that a person makes a decision
believes information he or she receives
mainly through logic.
directly from the external world.
Feeling means that, as a rule, he or she makes a
Intuition means that a person believes
decision based on emotion, i.e. based on what they
mainly information he or she receives from
feel they should do.
the internal or imaginative world.

Judging means that a person organizes all of

his life events and, as a rule, sticks to his An extravert’s source and direction of energy
plans. expression is mainly in the external world, while an

Perceiving means that he or she is inclined to Introvert has a source of energy mainly in their own
improvise and explore alternative options internal world.

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Myer Briggs Type Indicator
The original versions of the MBTI were
constructed by two
Americans, Katharine Cook Briggs and
her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers.
The MBTI is based on
the conceptual theory proposed by
Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung

The Myers–Briggs Type Indicator is an introspective self-report questionnaire indicating differing

psychological preferences in how people perceive the world and make decisions.

Source: Wikipedia
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Myer Briggs Type Indicator

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is the most widely used personality assessment instrument in the
world. It is a 100-question personality test that asks people how they usually feel or act in situations.
Respondents are classified as follows:

Extraverted (E ) or Introverted (I) Thinking (T) or feeling (F)

Sensing (S) or Intuitive (N) Judging (J) or perceiving (P)

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MBTI Personality Type Keys

These classifications
describe 16
personality types by
identifying one trait
from each of the
four pairs.

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Holland’s Personality Job-Fit Theory
This theory identifies 6 personality types and proposes that the fit between personality
type and occupational environment determines satisfaction and turnover.

According to John Holland’s theory, most people are on of the six personality types:

1. Realistic
2. Investigative
3. Artistic
4. Social
5. Enterprising
6. Conventional

RIASEC

https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/RIASEC/

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Approach Avoidance Framework
Approach and avoidance motivation represent the
manner to which we react to stimuli; approach
motivation is our attraction to positive stimuli and
avoidance motivation our aversion to negative stimuli.

We are motivated to :

1. Approach positive things

2. Avoid negative things.

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 The Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) measures two
pervasive, independent dimensions of personality,
Extraversion-Introversion and Neuroticism-Stability, which
account for most of the variance in the personality domain

Hans Jürgen Eysenck was a German-born British psychologist who

spent his professional career in Great Britain. He is best remembered
for his work on intelligence and personality, although he worked on
other issues in psychology.

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 Hierarchical three-level model of approach–avoidance personality traits. General factors
representing approach and avoidance motivation are placed at the highest level of the model. They
represent very broad measures of approach and avoidance tendencies. At the lower level, the first
group of approach-related traits consist of sensation seeking etc., which in most cases correlates
negatively with avoidance-related dimensions, whereas the last group (agreeableness etc.) usually
correlates positively with avoidance related dimensions

Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST PQ)

Behavioral Approach System (BAS)
Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire ( EPQ)

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