Department of Education

Science 7
Matter - Quarter 1
Solutions
Module 6

Peachy Ann M. Malacaman

Writer

Armida S. Oblinada and Hernan D.G. Nobleta

Validators

Dr. Emelita D. Bautista

Reviewer

Schools Division Office – Muntinlupa City

Student Center for Life Skills Bldg., Centennial Ave., Brgy. Tunasan, Muntinlupa City
(02) 8805-9935 / (02) 8805-9940
 This module was designed and written to help you understand what a solution
is, types, properties, and saturations. This module provides you with activities that
will help you develop your science skills and critical thinking.

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Types of Solutions
 Lesson 2 – Properties and Characteristics of Solutions
 Lesson 3 – Properties of Saturated, Unsaturated and Supersaturated
Solutions

After going through this module, you are expected to:

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

Investigate properties of unsaturated, saturated or supersaturated
solutions (S7MT-Ic-2.5 a)
Lesson 1 – Types of Solutions
1. define solution operationally
2. identify and describe the components of a solution
3. investigate the effect of the nature of the solute and the solvent in a solution
Lesson 2 – Properties and Characteristics of Solution
1. describe the properties and characteristics of common solutions;
Lesson 3 – Properties of Saturated, Unsaturated and Supersaturated Solutions
1. Define and explain unsaturated saturated supersaturated solutions.
2. Investigate the properties of unsaturated, saturated and supersaturated
solutions.
3. Prepare a solution that is saturated and unsaturated using household
materials.

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Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is an example of a solution?

A. Seawater B. Blood C. Paint D. Muddy water

2. Which of the following statements best describes a homogeneous solution?

A. It contains a solute and solvent.
B. Its components are evenly distributed in the solution.
C. You can still identify the components of the solution.
D. It is usually liquid.

3. A small amount of alcohol is dissolved in water. What part of the solution is

alcohol?
A. Solute B. Solvent C. Solution D. Precipitate

4. Which of the following solutions is an example of a solid dissolved in another

solid?
A. Air C. Coin
B. Ice cube in water D. Vinegar in water

5. What type of solution that can still dissolve more solute?

A. Concentrated C. Supersaturated
B. Saturated D. Unsaturated

6. Which of the following DOES NOT describe a solution?

A. Clear C. Cannot pass through filter paper
B. Homogeneous D. Can be separated by physical means

7. In a container that has 100 mL of water, you are putting scoops of sugar into it.
From scoop #1 to scoop #5, the sugar still dissolves after stirring, but at scoop #6
sugar does not dissolve anymore even after stirring. At what number of scoops
of sugar will you consider that the solution is saturated?
A. Scoop #3 C. Scoop #5
B. Scoop #4 D. Scoop #6

8. What can be done to dissolve instant chocolate drink faster?

A. Cool the solution. C. Add more solute
B. Saturate the solution. D. Increase the temperature of the solute

9. Maya made a glass of orange juice which tasted too sweet. What can she do to
dilute the solution?
A. Add more water. C. Boil the solution
B. Add more sugar. D. Freeze the solution

10. What is the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a fixed amount
of solvent at a given temperature?
A. Concentration C. Solubility
B. Dilution D. Solution

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 Lesson

1 Types of Solutions

Solutions are all around us. You might be surprised that the air you breathe,
the beverage that you drink and the coins in your pocket are examples of solutions.
But what is a solution? What are the types of solutions? In this lesson, you are
going to describe a solution operationally and identify the types of solutions that are
present in the environment.

Directions: Classify each of the following as either substances or mixtures.

Write P if it is a pure substance or M if it is a mixture.

1. Sodium chloride 6. Steel

2. Sugar in water 7. Carbon dioxide
3. Wood 8. Methane
4. Nitrogen 9. Air
5. Water 10. Coffee

Essential Questions:

1. What is a pure substance? Give the main types of pure substances.

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. What is a mixture? Give the main types of mixtures.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

3. How would you differentiate a substance from a mixture?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

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Look at the picture below. These are some of the household items. Cross out the
homogeneous mixtures and encircle the heterogeneous mixtures.

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/282952789064770085/
Now look at the picture below. What is the girl drinking? How do you prepare it?

https://classroomclipart.com/clipart-search/page-9/all-phrase/juice/

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 In every household, there are many different kinds of mixtures. Mixtures can
be heterogeneous or homogeneous. If the components of the mixture are still visible
to the naked eye and have two or more phases, it is called a heterogeneous mixture.
Mixtures are homogeneous if the components are not visible and the mixture has
one phase only. One example of a homogenous mixture is a solution. You will learn
more about solutions in the next part of the module.

Solutions, suspensions, and colloids are types of mixtures. They mainly differ
in the size of the dispersed particles. A solution is a homogeneous mixture. The
substances that make up a homogeneous solution are called components of the
solution. In general, a solution has two components: the solute and the solvent.
The solute is the one being dissolved in a given amount of solvent. The solvent
dissolves the other component in itself. Usually, the solvent is present in greater
amounts and the solute is present in lesser amounts.

Types and Examples of Solutions

Types of Solution Example Solvent Solute

Gas
Gas in Gas Air Nitrogen oxygen
Liquid in Gas Acid mist Water vapor oxygen
Solid in Gas Silica in air Smog Smoke
Liquid
Gas in Liquid Carbonated water Water Carbon dioxide
Liquid in Liquid Vinegar Water Acetic acid
Solid in Liquid Saltwater Water salt
Solid
Gas in Solid Hydrogen in Hydrogen Palladium
Palladium
Liquid in Solid Dental amalgam Silver (solid) Mercury (liquid)
Solid in Solid steel iron Carbon (solid)

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 Activity: Solutions Stations
Objectives: Identify the type of solution from different stations.
Determine which substance is acting as the solute and which is acting as the
solvent at the station observed.

Directions: Read the description at each of the 10 stations. Complete the

columns by including both the station number and example observed at the
station. It is important to consider what the constituents of the solution are (solid,
liquid or gas solute in solid liquid, or gas solvent). Determine which substance is
acting as the solute and which is acting as the solvent.

Station #1: A bottle of household vinegar (5% liquid acetic acid dissolved in water)

Station #2: Sugar cubes dissolving in water

Station #3: Solid Air Freshener subliming into the air when heated

Station #4: Hydrogen dissolving in a transition metal such as platinum (a

hydrogen storage strategy for releasing hydrogen for H2-powered vehicles).

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Station #5: A brass candle holder (brass is an alloy of the solids copper and zinc)

Station #6: A bottle of rubbing alcohol formed from liquid alcohol and water.

Station #7: A mercury-gold amalgam (formed when liquid mercury is used to

extract gold from gold-bearing rock) or mercury-zinc amalgam used in tooth fillings.

Station #8: Seawater

Station #9: Soap suds

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Station #10: A piece of jewelry made up of copper and gold

Data Table: Complete the table below.

Type of Solution Station Number Which is the Which is the

(solute-solvent) solute? solvent?

Conclusion:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.

A __________ is a type of homogeneous mixture which is composed of the

solute and solvent.
Usually, the ___________ is present in smaller amounts and the particles of it
are being dissolved.
The ____________ is usually present in greater amounts and the component
which dissolves the particles.
The types of solutions are ____________, ____________, ____________,
____________, ____________, ____________, ____________, ____________ and
____________.

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Directions: Inside the box below, draw or paste three pictures of household items
that are examples of the type of solutions (any type will do). Label them with the
type of solution where these are classified.

Directions: Identify the solute, solvent and type of solution. Do some research to
complete the table.

Solution Solute Solvent Type of Solution

LPG
Bronze
Soda water
Sterling silver
Groundwater

Learner’s Name: ___________________________ Parent’s/Guardian’s Signature: ___________

Teacher’s Comments:
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

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 Lesson
Properties and
2 Characteristics of Solutions
In this lesson, you will be exploring the properties and characteristics of
solutions that differentiates it from other types of mixtures.

Directions: Look at the given household items. Answer the table by putting a
check (✓) if it is homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture.

Household Item Homogeneous Heterogeneous

1. Vinegar
2. Milk
3. Saltwater
4. Monggo seeds in water
5. Soy sauce
6. Shampoo
7. Soil in water
8. Liquid detergent
9. Mayonnaise
10. Soft drink

Directions: Complete the comic strip by writing the response inside the balloon.

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 As discussed in the previous lesson, a solution is composed of a solute and a
solvent. The solute is the one being dissolved and the solvent dissolves the
particles of the solute.
Listed below are the general properties of solutions:

1. A solution is a homogenous mixture of two or more components.

2. It has a variable composition.
3. The dissolved solute is molecular or ionic in size.
4. A solution may either be colored or colorless but is generally transparent.
5. The solute remains uniformly distributed throughout the solution and will
not settle out through time.
6. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent through filtration.
7. When light is shone on the solution, it can pass through.

Activity 1: Mix It Up!

Objective: Investigate the properties of a solution based on observable
characteristics.
Materials:
4 glasses of water Oil
Pebbles or sand Salt
Vinegar Spoons (tablespoon and teaspoon)
Old cloth or katsa 4 containers
Flashlight or laser pointer

Procedures:
1. In the first glass of water, add a pinch of pebbles or sand in it. Stir the mixture
and observe.
2. In the second glass of water, add 1 teaspoon of salt. Stir the mixture and
observe.
3. In the third glass of water, add 1 teaspoon of vinegar. Stir the mixture and
observe.
4. In the fourth glass of water, add 1 teaspoon of oil. Stir the mixture and
observe.
5. In all the setups, flash a light or laser pointer at the bottom of the container.
Observe if the light passes through it.
6. Using the old cloth or katsa, filter each mixture into the other container.
Observe if there is any material left in the cloth/katsa.

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Results and Discussion:
Tabulate your data based on your observations.
Mixture Appearance What is What is Did the Can be Can light Solution
after stirring the the solute separated by pass or not?
solute? solvent? dissolve in filtration? through?
the solvent
after
stirring?

Pebbles/sand
in water
Salt in water
Vinegar in
water
Oil in water
Questions:
1. Based on the results, what are the properties or characteristics of a solution?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. What conclusion can you make about solutions?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2: Color Game

Objective: Identify the properties of solutions from the given statements.
Procedure: Using your GREEN crayon, color all the boxes that describe a solution.

Clear or Light cannot Can be filtered

transparent pass through

Two or more Thick in Light can pass

phases consistency through

Cannot be One phase only Uniform

filtered throughout

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 Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.

A __________ is a type of homogeneous mixture which is composed of the

solute and solvent.
Usually, the ___________ is present in smaller amounts and the particles of it
are being dissolved.
The ____________ is usually present in greater amounts and the component
which dissolves the particles.
The properties of solutions include having a clear or transparent
characteristic, _______ phase, _________ can pass through and _______ be
filtered.

Finders Keepers!
Search at your homes some household items that you think are examples of
solutions. It can be solid, liquid, or gas. Observe its characteristics and write them
down at the table below.
Note: Be careful in handling and observing the household items. Ask
guidance from your parents or guardians.

Household Item Characteristics

Learner’s Name: ___________________________ Parent’s/Guardian’s Signature: ___________

Teacher’s Comments:
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

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 Lesson
Saturated, Unsaturated and
3 Supersaturated Solutions

The lesson in this module will investigate the different properties of saturated,
unsaturated, and supersaturated solutions. You will be able to differentiate the three
types of solutions according to their saturation.

Direction: Recall the terms from the previous lessons by completing the
crossword puzzle below.

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Directions: Read the poem entitled “Dead Sea” and answer the questions
below.
THE DEAD SEA
Sadhguru

A sea that you cannot even drown in

It takes life even to take life
Only in constant transaction
Even the possibility of cosmic action
The sea that got walled in
Cannot host even a wandering jinn.

To soak in this mineral soup

Is like being in the motherly sap
The salty sap of the earth
Life nourishing but named Death.
Guide Questions:

1. Who is the speaker in the poem?

___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. How did the speaker describe the Dead Sea?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What did the speaker mean about “mineral soup”?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. In your opinion, why is it called the Dead Sea?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Solubility can be defined as the maximum amount of solute that can be

dissolved in a certain amount of solvent at a certain temperature. Stirring,
temperature, particle size, nature of solute, and solvent and pressure are the
factors that affect solubility.

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 Stirring the mixture dissolves the solute faster
because it helps distribute the solute particles
throughout the solvent.

Which do you think will dissolve faster? The sugar

cube or the sugar granules? Why?

The increased temperature speeds up the

movement of the particles which makes the
dissolving time faster.

Types of Saturation in Solutions:

1. Unsaturated solution – a solution one that contains less dissolved
solute than it has the capacity to dissolve.
2. Saturated solution – a solution that contains as much of the solute
as it can hold at a given temperature.
3. Supersaturated solution – A solution (with more solute than the
saturated solution) that contains more undissolved solute than the
saturated solution because of its tendency to crystallize and
precipitate.

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/492792384206174451/

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Activity 1: Can you identify which is saturated, unsaturated,
and supersaturated solutions?
There are three different concentrations of sugar solution in beakers A, B and C.
One of the solutions is saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated. (Increased
concentrations are illustrated by the density of the dots in the diagrams. The dots
represent the dissolved molecules at a constant temperature. The undissolved
sugar in beaker B is shown as a darkened area).

More solute No more solute Solute dissolves.

dissolves. dissolves.

In the questions below, encircle the correct answer and then give an explanation.
1. Solution A is (Saturated, Unsaturated, Supersaturated)
Explanation:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. Solution B is (Saturated, Unsaturated, Supersaturated)
Explanation:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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3. Solution C is (Saturated, Unsaturated, Supersaturated)
Explanation:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2: Will It Still Dissolve?

In this experiment, you are going to determine the amount of solid solute that
completely dissolves in a given volume of water. You are also going to describe the
appearance of a saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated solution.
Materials:
Water Measuring spoons (1 teaspoon and 1 tablespoon)
Stirrers One drinking glass or cup
Iodized salt
Procedure:

1. Put 20 tablespoons of water in one of the drinking glass or cup. Add 1

teaspoon of salt and stir. Observe the appearance of the solution.
2. Add 1 teaspoon of salt and stir the solution to dissolve the salt. Now you
have added 2 teaspoons of salt. Observe the appearance.

3. Add another 1 teaspoon of salt and stir the solution to dissolve the salt. Now
you have added 3 teaspoons of salt. Observe the appearance.

4. Continue adding 1 teaspoon of salt to the same container until the added
salt no longer dissolves.

Data Table:
Number of Appearance of the Type of Solution
Teaspoons of Salt solution According to
Added to Water Saturation

Guide Questions:

1. Differentiate the appearances of the saturated, unsaturated, and

supersaturated solutions.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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 2. How much salt have you added until it no longer dissolves? What did
you observe?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

3. Do you think that the undissolved salt at the bottom of the cup will still
dissolve? How?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.

________ is the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a certain

amount of solvent at a certain temperature.

In order to have _________ solution, there should be less amount of solute

that can be dissolved at a given temperature.

A _________ solution contains the maximum amount of solute that it can

dissolve at a given amount of solvent at room temperature.

At constant temperature, _________ solution contains more dissolved solutes

than a saturated solution.

The factors that affect solubility are ________, ________, ________ and
________.

Homemade Rock Candy

In this experiment, you will be making a rock candy applying the concept of
supersaturated solutions.
Materials needed:
White sugar Glass container Clean string
Water Pencil Spoon
Stove Casserole

Procedures:
1. Pour about 3 cups of white sugar into the large glass container.
2. Add 1 cup of water to the sugar. Watch what happens as the water bubbles
through all that sugar. There’s a lot going on in the container already. Use the

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 heavy spoon to thoroughly stir the water (a solvent) and the sugar (a solute)
together to make a solution. It will be very viscous (thick) and heavy because there
is a lot more sugar than water in there. Stir it well!
3. An adult must help with this. Transfer the solution to a casserole and put it up
over the stove and heat it for two minutes on high. Heat the solution to the boiling
point then put the solution away from the stovetop. Stir the solution after heating
but be careful for the splatters as this is still hot. Make sure all the sugar is
stirred.
4. An adult must help with this. Move again the stirred solution to the stovetop and
heat it on high for another two minutes. Do not let the solution boil over.
5. An adult must handle the hot solution and move it to a stable, heat-safe location.
Use the spoon to carefully stir the hot solution again. Stir gently because the
solution is less viscous (runnier) than before you heated it.
6. Add 3-7 drops of any food coloring to the mixture and stir it in thoroughly.
7. Pour the colored solution into the smaller glass container.
8. Tie the string to the middle of the pencil. Use the scissors to cut off a length longer
than the small container is tall. Lay the pencil on top of the small container and
trim the string so it’s about 2/3 the height of the container. You want it shorter
than the container.
2. As it cools, the solution becomes more viscous so it might be a trick to push the
dried string into it again. You may have to use slow steady pressure to get it to
sink deeply into the solution. You’ll need to allow the string to soak in the solution
for a week, too. Keep track of changes in the solution and the growing crystals in
the solution but don’t disturb them by moving them.

Directions: Multiple Choice. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Vinegar is being dissolved in water. What component is vinegar in the solution?
A. Solute C. Solubility
B. Solvent D. Suspensions

2. Which statement describes the solvent?

A. It is the solid part of the solution.
B. It is the liquid part of the solution.
C. It is the one being dissolved in a solution.
D. It is the one that dissolves other substances.

3. What type of solution that can still dissolve more solute?

A. Concentrated C. Supersaturated
B. Saturated D. Unsaturated

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4. It is the type of solution which contains the maximum amount of solute that can
be dissolved at a given temperature.
A. Concentrated
B. Saturated
C. Supersaturated
D. Unsaturated

5. Which of these factors will cause more sugar to dissolve in a saturated sugar
solution?
I. Add more sugar while stirring
II. Add more sugar and heat the solution.
III. Add more sugar and cool down the solution

A. I only C. II only
B. III only D. I and II only

6. What is the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a fixed amount
of solvent at a given temperature?
A. Concentration C. Solubility
B. Dilution D. Solution

7. You are given a 50-mL solution in a beaker. You add solute to the beaker and
observed some particles did not dissolve even after stirring. What solution is it?
A. Dilute C. Supersaturated
B. Saturated D. Unsaturated

8. Which of the following is an example of a solid-solid solution?

A. Vinegar B. Smoke C. Saltwater D. Steel

9. Arlene prepared a glass of lemonade but this tasted bland. What can she do to
the solution?
A. Add more water.
B. Add more sugar.
C. Boil the solution.
D. Freeze the solution.

10. Which of these actions will cause more sugar to dissolve in a saturated sugar
solution?
I. By stirring vigorously.
II. By cooling the solution.
III. By heating the solution.
A. I only C. II only
B. I and III only D. I and II only

Learner’s Name: ___________________________ Parent’s/Guardian’s Signature: ___________

Teacher’s Comments:
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

21
Lesson 1: Types of Solutions

C 10.
A 9. solid, solid-solid
D 8. gas-solid, liquid-
C 7. liquid, solid-liquid,
D 6. liquid, liquid-
D 5. solid-gas, gas-
C 4. gas-gas, liquid-gas, 4.
A 3. solvent 3.
B 2. solute 2.
A 1. solution 1.

What I Know What I Have Learned

Lesson 3: Saturated, Unsaturated and Supersaturated Solutions

temperature
particle size, B 10.
stirring, B 9.
solvent, D 8.
solute and C 7.
Nature of 5. C 6.
ted C 5.
Supersatura 4. B 4.
Saturated 3. D 3.
Unsaturated 2. D 2.
Solubility 1. A 1.

What Have I Learned Assessment

References
1. Finding Out About Matter. Retrieved from https://msyclau.weebly.com/ch2-review-worksheet-
answers.html
2. Separating Mixtures. Retrieved from https://www.greatschools.org/gk/worksheets/separating-mixtures/
3. The Dead Sea. Retrieved from https://isha.sadhguru.org/global/en/wisdom/sadhguru-spot/poem-the-
dead-sea
4. Experiment on Saturated, Unsaturated and Supersaturated Solutions. Retrieved from www.gardencity.k12.ny.us › lib ›
Centricity › Domain
5. Stirring, temperature cliparts. Retrieved from https://classroomclipart.com/clipart-search/page-9/all-
phrase/juice/
6. Speeding up dissolving process. Retrieved from
https://sites.google.com/site/isb2013maria77sample/factors-that-speed-up-dissloving
7. https://k8schoollessons.com/solutions/
8. www.umanitoba.ca › outreach › crystal › Types of Solutions C 11-4-1
9. https://slideplayer.com/slide/6128859/
10. Homemade Rock Candy. Retrieved from
https://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/homemade-rock-candy/
11. Madriaga, Estrellita et al. (2015). Science Links: Worktext for Scientific and Technological Literacy Textbook
12. Felicerta, Corazon and Pinar, Leticia. (2013). Breaking Through Science
13. Science Learner’s Material. Department of Education

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