LECTURE 5

Elevation

Section
 Elevation
Elevations

Are the drawing representing the projection of

an exterior side of a structure on a vertical

plane directly facing it.

Elevation should be:

• Properly Projected from the floor plans

• Vertical distances should be accurately

drawn to scale

• Building features should be properly

illustrated and labeled

Elevation
Elevation
Elevation
Elevation
 Elevation
Elevations

Are projected from the floor plan of an

architectural drawing just as the side views

from the front views of an orthographic

drawings.

Grade Line

Level of the ground

Ground Line

The level of the earth around a structure

 Elevation
Four (4) Elevations

• FRONT ELEVATION

• RIGHT SIDE ELEVATION

• LEFT SIDE ELEVATION

• REAR ELEVATION
 Elevation
Information and details

1. Overall design and character of the building

2. Materials and finishes for the exterior

3. Height of the building (various levels)

• NGL to Ground Floor level

• Floor line to Ceiling Line

• Basement level to Ground Floor

• Height of the important parts

4. Approximate of true profiles of the building site

5. Types and designs of ext. doors and windows

 Drafting Elevation and Section
Procedure in drafting elevations:

1. Lay-out the elevation very lightly using a sharp, hard pencil. Using a divider or a scale, transfer

horizontal dimensions from the floor plan. A scale of 1: 100 or 1:50 meter is used and indicated in

the title block or near the drawing. If the plan and section are drawn to the same scale as the

required elevation, the floor plan may be taped in position and dimension projected directly using

triangle and T-square.

Windows and door are located horizontally by projecting from the plan, They are located vertically

by projecting from the window and door details or simply by aligning the top of the window with

the top of the door.

2. Locate the vertical distance of ceiling from floor line, ridge to ceiling line and natural ground to

finished ground line. indicate also the height of doors and windows.
Drafting Elevation and Section
 Drafting Elevation and Section
3. Indicate the thickness of walls, fascia board and other materials seen

on elevation and darken the lines to highlight them.

4. Draw the elevation details and other architectural materials.

The elevation details to be included will vary depending upon the style of

the house, in the case of a residence, the following details are added:

1. roof fascia

2. roof beams

3. window representation

4. grade lines

5. material representation

6. darkened building outline

 Drafting Elevation and Section
5. Indicate the dimension of the vertical distance

from

the natural ground line to the floor line and the floor

line ceiling, and ceiling line to ridge line.

Added elevation dimensions and notes are.

1. height of roof

2. height of other features such as

masonry wall

3. heights of wall

4. roof slope indication

5. window schedule

6. title and notes indicating materials

 Section
Section

Shows the interior views as projected on an

imaginary vertical plane that passes thru a

given axis of the building

Full section a section showing the entire

length/ width of a building

Longitudinal section cut along the longer

axis of a structure

Transverse/ cross section cut along the

shorter axis
 Section
Information and details

1. Height of the different floor level as seen inside

the building

2. Interior elements of the structure

3. Contour of the building of the structure

4. Profile of the ceiling line and floor section

 Section
How to draw

1. From the given plan, indicate the path of the

imaginary cutting plane along the floor plan.

Indicate the position of the line of sight or viewing

by means of arrow heads.

2. Transfer horizontal dimension from the floor plan

to the section using a metric scale with appropriate

scale ratio
 Section
How to draw

3. Indicate the vertical dimensions from the ground

line to the floor line, the ceiling line and the ridge

line using the standard vertical dimension as

provided in the low cost housing regulations. The

standard dimension are 2.80m from the floor line to

ceiling line and 1.20m to 1.80m from ceiling line to

the top of the ridge.

4. Draw the outline of the building using the

measurements as marked on the paper.

 Section
How to draw

3. Indicate the vertical dimensions from the ground

line to the floor line, the ceiling line and the ridge

line using the standard vertical dimension as

provided in the low cost housing regulations. The

standard dimension are 2.80m from the floor line to

ceiling line and 1.20m to 1.80m from ceiling line to

the top of the ridge.

4. Draw the outline of the building using the

measurements as marked on the paper.

 Section
How to draw

5. Darken the outline and draw section lines on

portions of the building that come in

contact with the cutting plane.

6. Finalize the drawing by labeling it.

7. Repeat the same procedure for the

Cross/longitudinal section drawing.

Section
Specification
Root word – “SPECIFIC”

Synonym (SPECIFIC) – exact, definite, precise, definitive

VAGUE/NOT DEFINITE/ NOT CLEAR

“Wood door” “Glass window”

Specification
Try to identify and label/specify the materials that you see
Specification
Which worded descriptions do you use to label or make it specific?

SIZE
COLOR (PANTONE) TEXTURE

PATTERN QUANTITY OPERATION

Specification
Which worded descriptions do you use to label or make it specific?

BRAND
Specification
Detailed specification contains the following worded description per material swatch

QUANTITY (optional) +

SIZE +

PATTERN +

MANNER OF OPERATIONS +

GENERIC MATERIAL +

COLOR +

BRAND NAME (optional, when the need arises)

Specification
QUANTITY (optional) +

SIZE + 24X96

PATTERN + TROPICAL HARDWOOD

MANNER OF OPERATIONS + EXTERIOR

GENERIC MATERIAL + WOOD

COLOR +

BRAND NAME (optional, when the need arises)

24X96 TROPICAL HARDWOOD EXTERIOR WOOD DOOR

THANKS FOR
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