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Statistics and Probability C02L02

The document discusses normal distributions and z-scores. It provides lessons on relating random variables to normal distributions, understanding the concept of z-scores, converting variables to standard normal form using z-scores, and solving problems involving normal and random variables. Examples are given of calculating z-scores from raw scores based on the mean and standard deviation.

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Shiro Misaki
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62 views16 pages

Statistics and Probability C02L02

The document discusses normal distributions and z-scores. It provides lessons on relating random variables to normal distributions, understanding the concept of z-scores, converting variables to standard normal form using z-scores, and solving problems involving normal and random variables. Examples are given of calculating z-scores from raw scores based on the mean and standard deviation.

Uploaded by

Shiro Misaki
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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S A ND

T IS T IC
ST A Y
A B I LI T
P R O B BUT I ON
DISTR I
NO R MAL
ER 2:
CHAPT
G TH E
A ND I N
D E R S T S
UN O R E
Z-SC
Lesson Objectives:
  At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
  Relate a random variable distribution to a normal
variable distribution;
  Understand the concept of the z-score;
  Convert a random variable to a standard normal
variable and vice-versa; and
  Solve problems involving random and normal
variables.
Statement True False
1. The normal curve is a bell-shaped probability distribution.
2. At the base of a normal curve, there are six standard
deviations expressed as z.
3. The tails of the curve touches the baseline so that the curve
can cover 100% of the area under it.
4. The skewness of the normal curve is 0.
5. The probability that a random score occurs between z = 1
and z = 0 is .3413.
6. The probability that a random score occurs between z = 1
and z = 0 is .6826.
7. The z-score is, in fact, a standard deviation value.
Getting Ready
  We discussed the z-score briefly in the previous
lesson. It is stated to be a measure of relative
standing. These scores represent distances
from the center measured in standard deviation
units. There are six z-scores at the base line of
the normal curve: three z-scores to the left of
the mean and three z-scores to the right of the
mean. You will learn more about it in this lesson.
Exploring the z-score
What is the importance of
the z-scores?
  Raw scores may be composed of large
values, but large values cannot be
accommodated at the base line of the
normal curve. So, they have to be
transformed into scores for
convenience without sacrificing
meaning associated with the raw
scores.
Reading scores
Given the mean μ = 50 and the standard
deviation, σ = 4 of a population of
reading scores. Find the z-value that
corresponds to a score x = 58.
Steps Solution
1. Use the computing formula for z=x–μ
finding z-scores of population data. σ
2. Check the given values. Since these μ = 50,
are population values, the z-score σ = 4,
locates x within a population. x = 58
3. Substitute the given values in the z = 58 – 50
computing formula. 4
4. Compute the z-value. z= 8 z=2
4

Thus, the z-value that corresponds to the raw score 58 is 2 in a


population distribution
Normal Curve
Score in PE

 L o c a t e t h e z - v a l u e t h a t
corresponds to a PE score of 39
given that μ =45 and σ = 6.
Steps Solution
1. use the computing formula for finding z- z=x–μ
scores of population data σ
2. check the given values. Since these are μ = 45, σ = 6 and x = 39
population values, the z-score locates x
within a population.
3. substitute the given values in the z = 39 – 45
computing formula. 6
4. compute the z-value. z = -6 z = -1
6
Thus, the z value that corresponds to the raw score 39 is -1 in a
population distribution
Scores in a Science Test
 Given x = 20, x = 26, and s = 4.
compute the corresponding z-score.
Steps Solution
1. use the computing formula for finding z- z=x–x
scores of population data s
2. check the given values. Since these are x = 26, s = 4, x = 20
population values, the z-score locates x
within a population.
3. substitute the given values in the z = 20 – 26
computing formula. 4
4. compute the z-value. z = -6 = -3
4 2
The corresponding z-score is -1.5 to the left of the mean.
Exercise
A. State whether the z-score locates the raw score X within a
sample or within a population. 
1.  X=50, s=5, X=40
2.  X=40, σ=8, μ=52
3.  X=36, s=6, X=28
4.  X=74, s=10, X=60
5.  X=82, σ=15, μ=75
From Exercise A, state whether each raw score lies below or
above the mean.
Exercise
C. Given X=62 and s=8. Find the z-score value that
corresponds to each of the following scores up to two
decimal places:
1.  X=70
2.  X=78
3.  X=82
4.  X=50
5.  X=42

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