Florida Department of Transportation

RICK SCOTT 605 Suwannee Street AI\\AI\\TH PRASAD, P.E.

GOVERNOR SECRETARY
Tallahassee, FL 32399-0450

STRUCTURES DESIGN BULLETIN CII-07

ROADWAY DESIGN BULLETIN 11-07

DATE: June 30, 2011

TO: District Directors of Production, District Design Engineers, District

Structures Design Engineers

FROM: Robert V. Robertson, P. E., State Structures Design Engin er 7

David O'Hagan, P.E., State Roadway Design Engin

COPLES: Brian Blanchard, Torn Andres, Charles Boyd, Jeffrey Oer (FHW A),
Derek Soden (FHWA)

SUBJECT: Incorporation of Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridges in FOOT

Bid Documents

REQUIREMENTS

Plans Preparation Manual, Volume 1

1. Insert sub-article heading 8.7.1 below the first paragraph in Article 8.7 as follows:

8.7.1 Design Criteria

2. Insert sub-article 8.7.2 below Figure 8.1 as follows:

8.7.2 Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridges on FOOT Projects

In many situations it makes good engineering and economic sense to utilize prefabricated steel
truss bridges for pedestrian crossings. These bridges can be stand-alone structures or a hybrid
structure with adjoining spans of other types (FIB, deck slab, steel I-girder, etc.). The provisions of
this article apply only to the spans on a bridge that are comprised of prefabricated steel trusses.
The term steel truss bridge as applied in this article refers only to stand-alone steel truss structures
or to the steel truss spans of a hybrid bridge structure.

www.dot.state.f1.us
Structures Design Bulletin C11-07
Roadway Design Bulletin 11-07
Incorporation of Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridges in FDOT Bid Documents
Page 2 of 9

The Department may elect to use prefabricated truss bridges on FDOT projects if the following
conditions are met:

1. The steel truss span lies within a tangent horizontal alignment.

2. The maximum length of the steel truss span does not exceed 200 feet.
3. The width of the steel truss span is constant.
4. The steel truss span supports have a skew angle not to exceed 20°.

When these criteria are not met provide a complete set of bridge details in the plans.

8.7.2.1 Qualification of Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridge Producers

All prefabricated steel truss pedestrian bridge producers wanting to participate on FDOT projects
must be on the Department’s List of Qualified Metal Fabrication Facilities. For information on the
facility qualification process see articles 11.1.5 and 11.1.6 of the FDOT Materials Manual:

[http://www.dot.state.fl.us/statematerialsoffice/administration/resources/library/publications/materi
alsmanual/index.shtm].

8.7.2.2 Design and Detailing Responsibilities

The project EOR will be responsible for design and detailing of the steel truss bridge substructure
and foundation including end bents, piers, pile foundations, and/or spread footings. The project
EOR will also be responsible for design and detailing of all approach structures (non-steel truss
bridge spans, walls, ramps, steps, approach slabs, etc.).

The Contractor’s EOR will be responsible for the design and detailing of the steel truss bridge
superstructure including trusses, deck, bridge railing, floor beams, bridge joints, bearing assemblies
and anchor bolts.

8.7.2.3 Plans Development

To allow equal opportunity for all qualified pedestrian bridge producers to participate, the
pedestrian bridge plans shall have the flexibility to accommodate multiple alternate superstructure
designs. When a prefabricated steel truss pedestrian bridge is warranted, the following procedure
shall be followed by the project EOR when developing the plans:
1. Using Figures 8.2, 8.3, and 8.4, coordinate with the District Project Manager to select all
allowable truss configurations, truss member shapes, and bridge cross-sections. Note that
for spans greater than 150 feet a box truss bridge cross-section is required.
If project specific aesthetic requirements warrant the use of truss configurations not
included in Figure 8.2 the project EOR can specify additional truss configurations.
However, a minimum of two steel truss pedestrian bridge producers shall be capable of
satisfying the aesthetic requirements.
2. Develop a Plan and Elevation sheet and Bridge Typical Section to be submitted with the
BDR/30% plans.

www.dot.state.fl.us
Structures Design Bulletin C11-07
Roadway Design Bulletin 11-07
Incorporation of Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridges in FDOT Bid Documents
Page 3 of 9

3. After the BDR/30% plans have been approved send out a Prefabricated Pedestrian Bridge
Invitation to Participate (ITP) to all prefabricated pedestrian steel truss bridge producers on
the Department’s List of Qualified Fabrication Facilities. The ITP shall be sent through
registered mail with return receipt to confirm delivery. Contact information for all qualified
producers can be found at the following web address:
[http://www.dot.state.fl.us/statematerialsoffice/quality/programs/qualitycontrol/materialslist
ings/sources/metalsource.pdf].
The ITP is intended to solicit qualified producers for information required to design the foundation
and substructure of the steel truss pedestrian bridge. The ITP cover letter should contain the
following elements with links to websites as appropriate and applicable:
• Introduction with brief project description
• Project Requirements
o Design Specifications Requirements
o Construction Specifications Requirements
o Design Standards Requirements
o Bridge Typical Section
o Allowable Truss Options
o Painting Requirements
o Pedestrian Fence/Railing Requirements
o Vehicular Loading Requirements
o Project Specific Aesthetic Requirements (if applicable)
o Project Geometry including Vertical Clearance Requirements for Each Span
• Participation Requirements
• Submittal Requirements
Include the following items in the ITP package:
• Hard copy:
o Invitation to Participate Cover Letter
o Project Location Map
o Plan and Elevation
o Bridge Typical Section and Pedestrian Fence Concept
o Pedestrian Bridge Data Sheet
• Electronic files:
o PDF file with all of the above
o Pedestrian Bridge Data Sheet in Microstation (DGN) and AutoCAD (DWG) formats
o PEDDS Partial Project (to facilitate electronic signing and sealing)

www.dot.state.fl.us
Structures Design Bulletin C11-07
Roadway Design Bulletin 11-07
Incorporation of Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridges in FDOT Bid Documents
Page 4 of 9

For a sample Prefabricated Pedestrian Bridge ITP complete with all hard copy attachments see
Exhibit 8-A. To aid plan development CADD cells for the Pedestrian Bridge Data Sheet, and Plan
and Elevation sheet (2 of 2) are available in the FDOT Structures Cell Library. For the current
FDOT CADD Software downloads follow the link below:
[http://www.dot.state.fl.us/ecso/downloads/software/FDOT2010CaddSoftware.shtm]
4. Upon delivery the pedestrian bridge producers shall acknowledge receipt of the ITP
package.
5. In order to be eligible to participate in the project the pedestrian bridge producers must
provide a completed Pedestrian Bridge Data Sheet as outlined in the ITP on or before the
specified due date (prior to 60% plans submittal). The completed Data Sheets shall be
electronically signed and sealed by the Contractor’s EOR for inclusion in the final plan set.
The project EOR shall assign a unique sheet number to each data sheet. The sheet numbers
will be identified with the prefix BP (e.g. BP-1, BP-2,···BP-#) and the data sheets will be
placed at the end of the numbered sequence of the bridge plans. This will allow the
Pedestrian Bridge Data Sheets to have constant (un-changing) sheet numbers as plan
development progresses. To facilitate completion and electronic signing and sealing of the
Pedestrian Bridge Data Sheet by the Contractor’s EOR, the project EOR shall create a
PEDDS Partial Project and include it with the ITP. For instructions on creating and
working with Partial Projects follow the link below to the PEDDS on line help file:
[http://www.dot.state.fl.us/ecso/downloads/publications/applications/pedds/help/partialproje
ct.shtm]
6. After all ITP responses are received the project EOR shall design and detail the foundation
and substructure to accommodate the superstructure designs of all eligible pedestrian bridge
producers. Design shall envelope the most extreme loading conditions and geometry of all
alternates.
7. Include the following notes in the plans:
• Eligible Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridge Producers
Included in this plan set are Pedestrian Bridge Data Sheets submitted by bridge producers
eligible to participate in this project. Producers who failed to submit a data sheet are
excluded from participation. No Cost Savings Initiative Proposal shall be accepted for the
truss superstructure portion of the project. Contact information for the eligible producers is
included in the data sheet.
• Shop Drawing Submittal
Prior to fabrication the Contractor’s EOR shall submit signed and sealed superstructure
shop drawings, technical specifications, and design calculations to the Engineer for review
and approval.
8. Include the following Pay Item note in the plans:
• Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridge Span
Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridge Span shall be paid for at the contract unit price
per square foot of deck area under Pay Item No. 460-7 Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian

www.dot.state.fl.us
Structures Design Bulletin C11-07
Roadway Design Bulletin 11-07
Incorporation of Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridges in FDOT Bid Documents
Page 5 of 9

Bridge, SF. This pay item includes furnishing and installing the prefabricated steel truss
pedestrian bridge superstructure including steel trusses, floor system, deck, bearing
assemblies, deck joints, and bridge railing/fencing. Payment for this pay item shall be
based on the plan quantity. Portions of pedestrian bridge outside the limits of the steel truss
span shall be paid for under individual pay items.

Figure 8.2 Prefabricated Pedestrian Bridge Standard Truss Configurations

Figure 8.3 Prefabricated Pedestrian Bridge Standard Truss Member Shapes

www.dot.state.fl.us
Structures Design Bulletin C11-07
Roadway Design Bulletin 11-07
Incorporation of Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridges in FDOT Bid Documents
Page 6 of 9

Figure 8.4 Prefabricated Pedestrian Standard Bridge Cross-Sections

Through Truss is limited to spans lengths less than 150 feet.

3. Insert Exhibit 8-A (attached) at the end of PPM Volume 1, Chapter 8.

Structures Design Guidelines

1. Replace Section 10.3.B with the following:

B. For FDOT projects, engineering design firms working directly for the FDOT or
Contractor’s EORs designing prefabricated steel truss pedestrian bridges meeting the
requirements of PPM, Volume 1, Article 8.7.2 shall be pre-qualified in accordance
with Rule 14-75, work group 4.2.2.
2. Replace Section 10.4 as follows:
10.4 DESIGN
A All pedestrian bridge structures shall be designed in accordance with the following:
• AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications (AASHTO)
• AASHTO Guide Specifications for the Design of Pedestrian Bridges (Guide Spec.)
• FDOT Plans Preparation Manual (PPM)
• FDOT Structures Manual
B. Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridges meeting the requirements of PPM,
Volume 1, Section 8.7.2 shall be designed and detailed as follows:
1. Fully design and detail foundation and substructure in the plans.

2. Fully design and detail all approach structures including non-truss approach spans,
ramps, steps/stairways, approach slabs, retaining walls, etc. in the plans.

3. Include general plan and elevation indicating minimum aesthetic requirements for
the prefabricated steel truss bridge in the plans (see PPM, Volume 1, Appendix 8-1).

www.dot.state.fl.us
 Structures Design Bulletin C11-07
Roadway Design Bulletin 11-07
Incorporation of Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridges in FDOT Bid Documents
Page 7 of 9

4. Prefabricated steel truss superstructure is to be designed and detailed by the

Contractor’s EOR after award of the contract. Design calculations, technical
specifications, and fully detailed shop drawing are to be submitted to the Engineer
for review and approval prior to fabrication. Components to be included in the shop
drawings include trusses, floor system, lateral bracing, deck, railing/fencing, deck
joints, bearing assemblies, etc.
C. It is desirable to limit the maximum overall width of prefabricated steel truss bridges to
12 feet. This will eliminate the need for a spliced section.
D. Pedestrian bridges not meeting the requirements of PPM, Volume 1, Article 8.7.2 shall
be custom designed and fully detailed in the plans.
E. Design all pedestrian bridges for a 75 year design life.
F. Clearance criteria for pedestrian bridges shall be as follows:
1. Vertical clearance criteria shall be as per the current PPM, Volume 1, Table 2.10.1
2. Pedestrian bridges that accommodate horse travel shall have a minimum of 12 feet
vertical clearance above the bridge deck.
3. Horizontal clearance shall be in accordance with PPM, Volume 1, Article 2.11.
Horizontal clearance shall take into account future widening of the roadway below.
G. Camber DL/LL Deflections – Contrary to Guide Spec. [5] use the following to
determine maximum deflections for pedestrian bridges:
1. Pedestrian Load ....................................................................Span/500
2. Truck Load ...........................................................................Span/500
3. Cantilever arms due to service pedestrian live load .............Cantilever Length/300
4. Horizontal deflection due to lateral wind load .....................Span/500
5. The pedestrian bridge shall be built to match the plan profile grade after all
permanent dead load has been applied.
H. The minimum pile size for pedestrian bridges is 14-inch square piling. However, the
provisions of Section 3.5.1.F.3 still apply.
I. When determining the capacity of reinforced concrete decks, capacity due to stay-in-
place forms shall be disregarded.
3. Replace Section 10.6.C with the following:
C. Specify ASTM A500 Grade B or C or ASTM A847 for structural tubing: Minimum
thickness shall be 1/4” for primary members and 3/16” for verticals and diagonals.
4. Replace Section 10.6.D with the following:
D. Obtain approval from the Department prior to specifying unpainted weathering steel.

www.dot.state.fl.us
 Structures Design Bulletin C11-07
Roadway Design Bulletin 11-07
Incorporation of Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridges in FDOT Bid Documents
Page 8 of 9

5. Replace Section 10.7.D.2 with the following:

2. Prior to bolting of field sections tubular members shall be capped and fully sealed with
the following exception. Weep holes shall be provided at the low point of all members
to allow for drainage of water accumulated inside the members during transport and
erection. After erection is complete and prior to painting, the weep holes shall be
sealed with silicone plugs.
6. Delete Section 10.7.D.4
7. Delete Section 10.18.
8. Expand Table 3.5.12-1 as follows:
Table 3.5.12-1 Maximum Pile driving Resistance
Pile Size Resistance (tons)
*14 inch 200
18 inch 300
20 inch 360
24 inch 450
30 inch 600
54 inch concrete cylinder 1550
60 inch concrete cylinder 2000
*14 inch square piles can only be used in pedestrian bridge applications

COMMENTARY
The primary reason for this new policy is to improve the efficiency of the design process by
eliminating design and detailing requirements for pedestrian bridges that are subsequently
redesigned by the Contractor’s EOR. This policy will save time and money in the design phase
of pedestrian bridge projects by eliminating the current requirement of providing custom design
plans for all pedestrian bridges.

BACKGROUND
Current policy requires all pedestrian bridges on FDOT projects to be custom designed and fully
detailed in the plans prior to bid. After the contract is awarded the contractor has the option to
propose a prefabricated steel truss pedestrian bridge in lieu of the custom designed bridge shown in
the plans. In the vast majority of cases the contractor disregards the custom designed plans and
chooses to provide the prefabricated steel truss option. The time and effort required to develop the
custom plans is largely wasted since custom designs are rarely used in the final project.
The new policy saves the Department time and money by eliminating the requirement for custom
pedestrian bridge designs to be developed and included in the plans prior to bid and allows the
contractor to select a prefabricated steel truss pedestrian bridge directly. The new policy also
establishes standard parameters to define minimum aesthetic requirements for prefabricated steel
truss pedestrian bridges.

www.dot.state.fl.us
Structures Design Bulletin C11-07
Roadway Design Bulletin 11-07
Incorporation of Prefabricated Steel Truss Pedestrian Bridges in FDOT Bid Documents
Page 9 of 9

IMPLEMENTATION

These requirements are effective for all projects in the BDR stage as of January 1, 2012 and all
future projects.

CONTACT

Tom Andres, P.E.

Assistant State Structures Design Engineer
Florida Department of Transportation
605 Suwannee Street, MS 33
Tallahassee, FL 32399-0450
Phone (850)-414-4269
[email protected]

Attachment

www.dot.state.fl.us
 EXHIBIT 8-A

Sample Prefabricated Pedestrian Bridge

Invitation to Participate
 Florida Department of Transportation

RICK SCOTT 605 Suwannee Street ANANTH PRASAD, P.E.

GOVERNOR SECRETARY
Tallahassee, FL 32399-0450

FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

DISTRICT 3

E
PREFABRICATED PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE

PL
INVITATION TO PARTICIPATE
Project: CR 250 over Ruby Creek Pedestrian Bridge

Financial Project Number: 217664-1-52-01

Federal Aid Project Number(s): SF2-349-R

M
Date: March 15, 2011

Introduction:

The Florida Department of Transportation is currently preparing bid documents for the
A

construction of a steel truss pedestrian bridge adjacent to County Road 250 crossing Ruby
Creek in Jefferson County. The superstructure of the proposed bridge is to be provided by a
steel truss pedestrian bridge producer who is prequalified to work on FDOT projects. This
EX

invitation to participate is being sent to all prequalified producers to solicit information

needed by the project EOR to design the foundation and substructure of the proposed bridge.
Enclosed are the following materials:

• Hard Copy
o Project location map
o Bridge Typical Section and Pedestrian Fence Concept
o Plan and Elevation (P&E) (2 sheets)
o Pedestrian Bridge Data Sheet
• Electronic
o PDF file with all of the above
o Pedestrian Bridge Data Sheet in MicroStation (DGN) format
o PEDDS Partial Project file (for electronic sign and seal)
Prefabricated Pedestrian Bridge Invitation to Participate
Page 2 of 3

Project Requirements:

1. Design Specifications: as specified in FDOT Structures Design Guidelines (SDG)

Article 10.4.
http://www.dot.state.fl.us/structures/StructuresManual/CurrentRelease/StructuresManual.
shtm

2. Construction Specifications:
FDOT Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, current edition.
http://www.dot.state.fl.us/specificationsoffice/Default.shtm

E
3. Design Standards:
FDOT Design Standards, current edition.
http://www.dot.state.fl.us/rddesign/DesignStandards/Standards.shtm

PL
4. Allowable Truss Options: All allowable Truss options are indicated on P&E sheet 2 of 2
(Attached).
5. Paint: All structural steel shall be painted in accordance with Sections 560 and 975 of the
Specifications. All structural steel shall be painted with a high performance top coat
system. The color of the finish coat shall conform to Federal Standard No. 595, Color
No. 36622.
M
6. Pedestrian Fence: Bridge Fence consistent with bridge rail concept and SDG Article
10.12.
7. Vehicular Loading: Vehicular Loading per AASHTO LRFD Guide Specifications for the
Design of Pedestrian Bridges is not required.
A
8. Geometry: For project geometry see attached P&E sheets

Participation:
EX

To be eligible to participate on this project pedestrian bridge producers must:

• Acknowledge receipt of this ITP

• Be on the FDOT List of Qualified Fabrication Facilities.
• Submit a response to this ITP on or before June 10, 2011 to the project EOR.

Submittal:

Provide completed pedestrian bridge data sheet as follows:

• Bearing Plate Dimensions Table – for each span provide bearing dimensions as
shown to the nearest 1/8th inch.
Prefabricated Pedestrian Bridge Invitation to Participate
Page 3 of 3

• Bearing Plate Locations & Bridge Seat Elevations Table – for each substructure unit
provide dimensions as shown to the nearest 1/8th inch and bridge seat elevation to the
nearest 0.001 feet.
• Bridge Reactions Table – for each span provide loads as indicated to the nearest 0.1
kip.
• Company Contact Information Table – in the contact information block provide
company name, address, contact person, phone number, and e-mail address.
• Florida PE Seal and Signature – provide seal and signature of Florida PE responsible
for the work.

E
Submit response to:

John Doe, PE
XYZ Engineers, Inc.

PL
123 East Main Street
Tampa, Florida 33607

By submitting a response to this invitation to participate the pedestrian bridge producer is

agreeing to satisfy all project requirements listed above if selected.
A M
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FPN 217664-1-52-01
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NOTES
Eligible Pedestrian Bridge Producers

TRUSS CONFIGURATIONS (THROUGH TRUSS) (BOX TRUSS) Included in this plan set are Pedestrian Bridge Data Sheets
submitted by bridge producers eligible to participate In this
project. Producers who failed to submit a data sheet are
l!xcluded from participation. No Cost Savings Initiated
BRIDGE CROSS-SECTIONS

TYPE 1

X
ALLOWABLE TRUSS CONFIGURATIONS
TYPE 2 TYPE 3 TYPE 4

X
TYPE 5
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ALLOWABLE BRIDGE "'
CROSS-SECTIONS
TYPE I

X
TYPE 2

"' Through Truss bridges are acceptable only for

2.
Proposal shall be accepted for the truss superstructure
portion of tht! project. Contact information for the eligible
producers Is Induded In the data sheets.

Allowablt! Superstructure Options

All allowablt! superstructure options are indicate by an "X" in

the tables on this sheet. For multi-span bridges us the same
truss bridge options and depth of truss for each span.

3. Shop Drawing Submittal

Prior to fabrication the EOR shall submit signed and sealed

superstructure shop drawing, technical specifications, and
spans less than or equal to 150'. For spans over calculations to the Engineer for review and approval.
ISO' Box Truss Bridges are required.

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TRANSVERSE - - - - - - -
Ilil iliil WIND"
VERTICAL lJ,11

i'- 4" oil B'-OCKOUT

THERJIIAL - - - - - - - -
(T'IP.)

IYPICAL kND 8f:Nt

8FNT/
PIER

!
2
ill.
8
ir..
ELEVATION

BEARING LOCATIONS Ii< BRlDGE SEAT £LEVS.

A
n
C
ill.
D
ill.
F
ill.
TYPiCAL Pif:R/Bf:Nt

n
F
"
2,

3,

.,
PL
P - UNFACTORED VFRTfCAJ lOAD EACH 8FARfNG PlATF (4 PFR SPAN)
T - UNFACTORED TRANSVERSE LOAD EACH BENT/PIER (2 PER SPAN)
L - UNfACfORt:D LONGifUDINAl LOAD kACH BtARING PLAI!: (-4 P!:R SPAN)

DOWNWARD VERTICAL LOADS ARE POSITIVE (+), UPWARD VERTICAL LOADS

ARlO NFGATlVE (-J.

IHf: HORUONfAL WlND LOAD ACfiNG AI I HI:. C,G. 01" IHf: IRUSS CRcA!f:S A
TRANSVERSE SHEAR AND A VERTICAL COUPLE AT THE TOP Of EACH PIERI
BEARING LOCATION,

DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
~ I"OOt SIRUCfURf:S MAJIIUAL, CURR/:NI t.onlON AND SUPPLf:MkNIS
5, CONSTRUCTION SPFCIFICATlONS
~ FDOT STANDARD SPECIFiCATIONS FOR ROAD AND BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION
CURRkNI cOil ION AND SUP'PLt:McNt S J Hf:RHO.

THERETO.
3
~ AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION

~ .
4
5

- .. .
"","""."""e:o ..."",
-
E
OFFICIAlS (AASHTO) lOAD AND RF5ISTANCE FACTOR (JRFD) BRlD(iE DFSIGJI!
SPECIFICATIONS, CURRENT EDITION AND SUPPLEMENTS THERETO.
~ AASHIO LRf.o GUIDi: SPf:CifiCAIIONSI'OR IHk DesIGN 01" P'tDt:SJR1AN
BRIDGES, CURRENT EDITION
~ FDOT PLANS PREPARATION MANUAL, CURRENT EDITION,

_.
-"
_.
-- - .._. -_. --
STATE Ol" !'LORiDA
DRPJ.tXT.ll!ENr Of'Tl&1A.."1l!IroftTATlON

~""
ell 250 1 JEFfERSON 1217664 1 -52-01
. """""" PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE DATA

CR 150 OVER RUBY CREEK PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE

~

~
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