Sample Paper 1 – Paper 1 Mark Scheme

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(a)(i) An answer that makes reference to two of the following:
 organisms in correct order bamboodeertiger
 arrows pointing in correct direction 2

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(a)(ii) D (tertiary consumer) 1

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(b)(i) An answer that makes reference to one of the following:
 water is variable content
 water does not contain biomass
 energy is not passed on
 water is not passed on 1

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(b)(ii) A description that makes reference to four of the following:
 place quadrat / grid areas
 reference to random coordinates / method to generate random
coordinates
 repeat
 weigh bamboo in each quadrat
 scale up mean mass per quadrat for whole area 4

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(c) An explanation that makes reference to three of the following:
 too little energy to support a higher level
 energy is lost / wasted along food chain
 (energy lost due to) indigestible food / faeces Accept biomass for energy for mark points
 (energy lost due to) respiration / heat loss / movement 2,3,4,5
 (energy lost due to) uneaten parts
3
Total for Question 1 = 11 marks

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(a) B (lens, cornea, iris) 1

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(b) An explanation that makes reference to four of the following:
 ciliary muscles contract
 suspensory ligaments go slack / less taut
 lens forms (thicker / more spherical)shape
 lens refracts light more A stronger lens / bends light more
 onto retina. A fovea
4
Total for Question 2 = 5 marks

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(a)(i) An answer that makes reference to the following:
 chloroplast Ignore chlorophyll
 vacuole
 cell wall 3

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(a)(ii) C (protein synthesis) 1

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 Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(b) An explanation that makes reference to four of the following:
 many mitochondria
 release energy / carry out respiration
 for active transport
 microvilli
 large surface area
 for rapid diffusion
examples include glucose, amino acids
 (of) correct named substance 4

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(c)(i) C (prokaryotes) 1

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(c)(ii) An answer that makes reference to two of the following:
 osmosis occurs
 removing water from blood / transferring water into ileum Accept prevent absorption of water
 from a higher water potential to a lower water potential
Accept from dilute salt solution to more
concentrated salt solution 2
Total for Question 3 = 11 marks

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(a)(i) A (left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle, right atrium) 1

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(a)(ii) An explanation that makes reference to two of the following:
 prevents blood flowing backwards (into ventricle)

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  when ventricle relaxes
 maintains one-way flow of blood / more rapid blood transport
2

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(a)(iii)  volume of blood pushed out in one contraction =
120 cm3 – 50 cm3 = 70 cm3
 volume of blood pumped in one minute = 70 x 70 = 4900 cm3 4900 (cm3) is 2 marks 2

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(b)(i)  borderline high blood pressure 1

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(b)(ii) An answer that makes reference to six of the following:
 most patients have blood pressure of 120–150 mm Hg Accept converse (fewer patients have very
 proportion of patients with heart disease is higher when blood high or very low blood pressure)
pressure exceeds 150 mm Hg
 all patients with a blood pressure of 200 mm Hg have heart
disease / have highest proportion of patients with heart disease
 credit manipulated data (e.g. a calculation of percentage of
patients with heart disease for a blood pressure)
 blood pressure of 100 has a higher proportion of heart disease
than 110 / 120 / 130 / 140 mm Hg
 With high and low blood pressures, the survey is not reliable as
there are few patients
 other factors may cause heart disease, e.g. smoking
 the proportion of patients with heart disease and blood pressure of
6
180 mm Hg is lower than 170 mm Hg
 higher blood pressure may be a symptom of heart disease not a
cause
 140 mm Hg is classed as high blood pressure and the proportion

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 with heart disease is low
 people admitted to hospital are more likely to have heart disease /
high blood pressure than healthy people who are not in hospital.
Total for Question 4 = 12 marks

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
5(a)(i) B (Q) 1

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
5(a)(ii) A description that makes reference to the following:
 fertilisation occurs here
 transfers the egg / zygote / embryo to uterus 2

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
5(b)(i)  M labelled at start and at end

M
M

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 Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
5(b)(ii)  F labelled after the oestrogen peak
O

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
5(b)(iii) A description that makes reference to three of the following:
 secondary sexual characteristics
 pubic hair growth
 start of menstrual cycle
 pelvis growth
 breast development
3

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
5(c) An answer that makes reference to four of the following: Mark in pairs: two max for substances, two 4
max for functions
 less glucose
 (so) less respiration / energy

 less amino acids

 less calcium
 less bone growth

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  less oxygen
 less respiration / energy

 less vitamin D
 less bone growth

 less iron
 less blood / haemoglobin
Total for Question 5 = 12 marks

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
6(a)(i)  time taken (for gelatine to be digested)
1

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
6(a)(ii) An answer that makes reference to one of the following
 surface area / volume / shape of gelatine
 volume of pineapple juice / concentration of enzyme 1

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
6(a)(iii) An answer that makes reference to two of the following:
 water bath
 use Bunsen burner to maintain temperature / add hot water /
thermostatic control
 use thermometer to monitor 2

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
6(b)(i)  (S) linear scales on x and y axis so that graph covers at least 5
half of y axis
 (L) points joined with straight lines
 (A) labels on both axes (time taken / s & temperature / °C)

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  (P) plots correct (+/− ½ square)
 (K) key for both lines

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
6(b)(ii) A description that makes reference to the following:
 time taken decreases and then increases
 ref to 40°C as the turning point 2

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
6(b)(iii) An explanation that makes reference to the following:
 increase kinetic energy (of enzyme and substrate) / faster
particle movement
 increased collision frequency / formation of enzyme – substrate
complexes 2

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
6(b)(iv) An explanation that makes reference to two of the following:
 change of shape of active site
 enzyme denatures
 enzyme can no longer bind (protein / substrate) 2
Total for Question 6 = 15 marks

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
7(a) An explanation that makes reference to the following:
 a form of a gene
 that only requires one copy to affect the phenotype 2

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 Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
7(b)(i) B (5) 1

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
7(b)(ii) An answer that makes reference to the following:
 parents identified as Tt and tt
 gametes identified as T or t and t (or t) Accept T.E. for mark points 2, 3 and 4
 F1 genotypes identified as Tt, Tt, tt and tt
 probability of 0.5 / 50 & / ½ 4

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
7(c) An explanation that makes reference to four of the following:
 black fur acts as camouflage
 easier to catch prey / avoid predators
 more black jaguars survive
 more black jaguars reproduce
 pass on the (allele / gene) for black fur
 repeated over several generations 4
Total for Question 7 = 11 marks

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
8(a)(i) An explanation that makes reference to two from the following:
 prevent other (microbes / bacteria / fungi)
 (which would) compete and reduce yield
 (which would) contaminate the product 2

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
8(a)(ii) An explanation that makes reference to the following: 3
 bacterial respiration releases heat

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  which would denature enzymes
 killing (bacteria / microbes)

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
8(b)(i)  calculation of the difference in number of bacteria (150 − 5 = 145) or (55 − 5 = 50)
 calculation of the difference in rate of bacterial growth (145 / 18) − (50 / 18) = 5.3 g / hr
5.3 (g / hr) is 2 marks
2

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
8(b)(ii) A description that makes reference to the following:
 rate of growth / increase is same up to 6 hours
 (with air inlet open) rate continues to increase / (with air inlet
closed) rate of growth levels off
2

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
8(b)(iii) An explanation that makes reference to the following:
 oxygen is present / aerobic conditions
 for respiration Accept converse for inlet closed
 releasing energy for growth
3
Total for Question 8 = 12 marks

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
9(a)(i)  W: photosynthesis
 X: respiration
 Y: consumption / ingestion / eating
 Z: decay / decomposition 4

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 Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
9(a)(ii) A description that makes reference to two from the following:
 sea levels rise / icecaps melt / glaciers melt
 climate change / extreme weather / forest fires
 migration of species / effect on food chains / increased pests
 loss of habitats / extinctions 2

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
9(b) An explanation that makes reference to three from the following:
 (plants grown) with and without copper / different
concentrations of copper
 same species / age / mass of plant used
 repeats are used (for reliability)
 change in mass / height of plants / number of seeds that
germinate / number of leaves on plants measured
 carry out over stated period (one week to six months)
 provide plants with same water volume / light intensity
 provide plants with same concentration of other mineral ions

6
Total for Question 9 = 12 marks

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
10(a)(i)  22 1

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
10(a)(ii)  correct substitution of mean into formula √ ((2 × 18.4)/980) or √0.0375 or 0.19
 correct calculation of square root (s) is 2 marks 2

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 Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
10(b) An answer that makes reference the following:
 neurotransmitters
 are released in larger quantities / remain in synapse
 making reaction time quicker 3

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
10(c) A description that makes reference to three of the following:
 (nervous system) has more specific effect Accept hormones have general effect
 (nervous system) passes along neurones Accept hormones transported in blood
 (nervous system) uses electrical impulses Accept hormones are chemicals
3
Total for Question 10 = 9 marks
Total for Paper = 110 marks

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