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Functions

The document discusses functions and their properties. It provides examples of evaluating functions at given values of x and determining if a relation is a function or not. It also gives examples of using functions to model real-life situations like the cost of buying meals. Finally, it evaluates two functions g and r at given values based on the definitions provided in an earlier example.

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Nachelle Anne Bamba
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40 views

Functions

The document discusses functions and their properties. It provides examples of evaluating functions at given values of x and determining if a relation is a function or not. It also gives examples of using functions to model real-life situations like the cost of buying meals. Finally, it evaluates two functions g and r at given values based on the definitions provided in an earlier example.

Uploaded by

Nachelle Anne Bamba
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠

Sir Win Peligrino


Learning Outcomes
• Represent real life situations using functions including
piecewise functions
• The learner is able to evaluate functions and solve
problems involving functions
• The learner is able to perform addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division, composition of functions, and
solve problems involving functions
• A relation is a rule that relates values from a set
of values (called the domain) to a second set of
values (called the range).
• A relation is a set of ordered pairs (𝒙, 𝒚)
• A function is a relation where each element in
the domain is related to only one value in the
range by some rule
• A function is a set of ordered pairs (𝒙, 𝒚) such
that no two ordered pairs have the same x-value
but different 𝑦 − 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠
𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 • Using functional notation, we can write 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑦, read as “f of x is equal to y.” In particular, if
(1, 2) is an ordered pair associated with the
function f, then we say that 𝑓(2) = 1
• 𝑓 𝑥 =2
• 𝑦=2
• All functions are relations but not all relations
are functions.
Example 1.
Which of the following relations are functions?
• 𝑓 = {(𝟏, 2), (𝟐, 3), (𝟑, 5), (𝟒, 7)}
• 𝑔 = {(𝟏, 3), (𝟏, 4), (𝟐, 5), (𝟐, 6), (𝟑, 7)}
• ℎ = {(𝟏, 3), (𝟐, 6), (𝟑, 9), … , (𝑛. 3𝑛), … }
A GRAPH REPRESENTS A
F U N C T I O N I F A N D O N LY I F
The Vertical Line Test EACH VERTICAL LINE
I N T E R S E C T S T H E G R A P H AT
MOST ONCE
Evaluating a function means
replacing the variable in the
function, in this case 𝑥, with a
value from the function's
domain and computing for the
Evaluating result. To denote that we are
evaluating 𝑓 at a for some a in
Functions the domain of 𝑓, we write 𝑓(𝑎).
Evaluate the following
functions at 𝑥 = −3
1. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1
2. 𝑦 = 𝑥2 – 2𝑥 + 2
Quiz I 3.
4.
𝑥2 + 𝑦 = 1
𝑦 = |𝑥| + 1
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1
• 𝑦 =2 2 +1
• 𝑦 =4+1
•𝒚=𝟓
𝑦 = 𝑥2 – 2𝑥 + 2
• 𝑦 = (2)2 −2 2 + 2
• 𝑦 =4−4+2
•𝒚=𝟐

• PEMDAS: Multiplication or division and addition or subtraction


• 10 ÷ 2 𝑥 3
• 10 − 4 + 2
𝑥2 + 𝑦 = 1
• 𝑥2 + 𝑦 = 1 −𝒙𝟐 + 𝑥 2 + y = 1 − 𝑥 2
• 𝑦 = 1 − 𝑥2
• 𝑦 =1− 2 2

• 𝑦 =1−4
• 𝒚 = −𝟑
𝑦 = |𝑥| + 1
• 𝑦 = 2 +1
•𝑦=3

• All the numbers inside the |x| is always positive


• −4 − 2 = −6 = 6
• Functions can often be used to model
Real life real situations. Identifying an
Situations appropriate functional model will lead
to a better understanding of various
(Function) phenomena.
• Example 5. Give a function C that can
represent the cost of buying 𝑥 meals,
if one meal costs 𝑃40.
• Solution. Since each meal costs P40, then
the cost function is 𝐶(𝑥) = 40𝑥
• 𝐶 3 = 40 3 = 120
Example 2

• Find 𝑔(– 4) and 𝑟(1) where 𝑔 and


𝑟 are as defined in the previous
example.
Life without Math is
pointless
𝑥 = −3
1. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1
2. 𝑦 = 𝑥2 – 2𝑥 + 2
3. 𝑥2 + 𝑦 = 1
4. 𝑦 = |𝑥| + 1
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1
• 𝑦 = 2 −3 + 1
• 𝑦 = −6 + 1
• 𝒚 = −𝟓
• 𝑦 = 𝑥2 – 2𝑥 + 2
• 𝑦 = (−3)2– 2(−3) + 2
• 𝑦 =9+6+2
• 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟕
• 𝑥2 + 𝑦 = 1
• 𝑦 = 1 − 𝑥2
• 𝑦 = 1 − (−3)2
• 𝑦 =1− 9
• 𝒚 = −𝟖
• 𝑦 = −3 + 1
•𝒚=𝟒
2
𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 4
3 3 2 3
• 𝑓 − = − −4 − +4
2 2 2
9
• 𝑦 =4+6+4
9+24+16 49
• =
4 4
2
𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 4
• 𝑓 𝑥 − 1 = (𝑥 − 1)2 −4(𝑥 − 1) + 4
• 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 − 4𝑥 + 4 + 4
• 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9
• 𝑥 − 1 𝑥 − 1 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1
• FOIL
2
𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 4
• 𝑓 −1 = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4
• 𝑦 = (−1)2 − 4(−1) + 4
• 𝑦 =1+4+4
•𝑦=9

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