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Storage Works Sanitary Engineering-Chapter8

The document discusses different types of storage reservoirs used in water distribution systems, including ground reservoirs and elevated tanks. Ground reservoirs provide storage for disinfection contact time, fluctuations in consumption, emergencies, and firefighting. The volume of ground reservoirs depends on factors like maximum daily demand. Elevated tanks provide storage to cover fluctuations in demand and pressure, absorb pressure surges, and allow pumps to operate efficiently. Their location and functions are also discussed.

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33 views19 pages

Storage Works Sanitary Engineering-Chapter8

The document discusses different types of storage reservoirs used in water distribution systems, including ground reservoirs and elevated tanks. Ground reservoirs provide storage for disinfection contact time, fluctuations in consumption, emergencies, and firefighting. The volume of ground reservoirs depends on factors like maximum daily demand. Elevated tanks provide storage to cover fluctuations in demand and pressure, absorb pressure surges, and allow pumps to operate efficiently. Their location and functions are also discussed.

Uploaded by

motuz adam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 8

Storage Works
Storage Works

Purification Works
Collection Works

Network
Distribution
Works
Storage Works

The main types of storage reservoirs are:

• Ground reservoirs (tanks)

• Elevated tanks.
Ground Storage Reservoir
Ground Reservoir

Ground tanks have the following uses: -


1.Providing the required contact time for
disinfection.
2.To cover fluctuations in consumption
3.Providing emergency storage.
4.Providing 4/5 of the water required for
fire fighting.
Volume of Ground Reservoir
C1 = Qdesign * (0.5/24) for disinfection.

C2 = (Qmax. daily – Qmax. monthly) through a day.

C3 = Qdesign * (6-10) for emergency storage.

Cfire = (4/5) Fire Fighting demand.

Fire Fighting demand .

. =(Population/10000)x120 m 3
Total capacity of the ground tank (C) = .

The
.

biggest of (C or C or C )+C
Ground Reservoir Volume
•Number of tanks (N) ≥ 1.
•Length of tank (L) ≤ 50 ms.
•Width of tank (W) ≤ 50 ms.
•Cross-section = square or rectangular.
•Depth of water in the tank (D) = 3-5 ms.
Elevated Tank
The main types of Elevated Tanks are:

• Distribution tanks

• Balancing tanks
Balancing
Elevated
Tank
Tanks are provided with
inlet, outlet, valves
drain, overflow pipe,
water level indicator,
manhole ladder,
ventilation pipe
lightening conductor, . . .
Elevated Tank
Location of elevated tanks
1.Near the pumping station.
2. At the center of the city.
3. At the extreme point of the city.
Locations of Elevated Tanks
Elevated Tank
Functions of the elevated tank
a- With regards water quantity
•To cover fluctuations in consumption.
•To cover 1/5 of the required fire fighting demand.
Elevated Tank
Functions of the elevated tank
b- With regards pressure

•To absorb sudden excessive pressure due to water


hammer.

•To fix the head on pumps so that they operate with


maximum efficiency.
•To improve pressure in the network during peak
consumption.

•Allow for future extension of the city.


Characteristic Consumption Curve

Consu- Rate Time Consu- Rate Time


mption L/2h mption L/2h
146.40 36.0 12N - 2 2.40 2.4 M.N-2 12
178.40 32.0 4 - 2 8.00 5.6 4 - 2
210.40 32.0 6 - 4 16.00 8.0 6 - 4
226.40 16.0 8 - 6 32.00 16.0 8 - 6
234.40 8.0 10 - 8 68.00 36.0 10 - 8
240.00 5.6 .12M.N -10 110.40 42.4 12N - 10
Case one : Pumps working 24 hours Case two : Pumps working 16 hours
240 240
A2
228 228
216 216
A+B = 48+32.2 = 80.4 A+B = 28.8+8.4 = 37.2
204 B 204
192 192
180 180
168 168
156 156
144 144
132 132
120 120
108 108
96 96
84 84
72 72
60 60
48 48
A A1
36 36
24 24
12 Time. 12 Time.
0 0 B
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Characteristic Consumption Curve Characteristic Consumption Curve
Volume of Elevated Tanks
C1 = (Qmax. hourly – Qmax. daily ) for one houre.

C2 = (A +B ) x Population
Determine values of A & B from characteristic curve.

Cfire = (1/5) Fire Fighting demand.


Fire Fighting demand =(Population/1000)x120 m3

Total capacity (C) = .

. The biggest of (C1 or C2)+Cfire


Storage Works

Distribution reservoirs provide storage to

• Meet the widely fluctuating demands and


pressure

• Provide storage for fire fighting

• Provide storage for emergencies

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