IB Biology Notes - 37 Cell Respiration
IB Biology Notes - 37 Cell Respiration
IB Biology Notes - 37 Cell Respiration
7 Cell respiration
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1 Statisical Analysis
Working with data Cell respiration
2 Cells
3.7.1 Defne cell respiration.
Cell theory
Prokaryotic cells
Cell respiration is the controlled release of energy from organic compounds in cells to form ATP.
Eukaryotic cells
Membranes
Cell division 3.7.2 State that, in cell respiration, glucose in the cytoplasm is broken down by glycolysis into
pyruvate, with a small yield of ATP.
3 Chemical elements and water
Chemical elements & water
In cell respiration, glucose in the cytoplasm is broken down by glycolysis into pyruvate with a small yield of ATP.
Carbohydrates, lipids & proteins
Dna structure
Dna replication 3.7.3 Explain that, during anaerobic cell respiration, pyruvate can be converted in the cytoplasm
Transcription & translation into lactate, or ethanol and carbon dioxide, with no further yield of ATP.
Enzymes
Cell respiration In anaerobic cell respiration the pyruvate stays in the cytoplasm and in humans is converted into lactate which is the
Photosynthesis removed from the cell. In yeast the pyruvate is converted into carbon dioxide and ethanol. In either case, no ATP is
produced.
4 Genetics
Chromosomes, genes, alleles & mutations
Meiosis 3.7.4 Explain that, during aerobic cell respiration, pyruvate can be broken down in the
Theoretical genetics mitochondrion into carbon dioxide and water with a large yield of ATP.
Genetic engineering & biotechnology
If oxygen is available, the pyruvate is taken up into the mitochondria and is broken down into carbon dioxide and water. A
5 Ecology and evolution
large amount of ATP is released during this process.
Communities & ecosystems
The greenhouse effect
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Evolution
Classification
Transcription
Translation
Proteins
Enzymes
9 Plant science
Plant structure & growth
Transport in angiospermophytes
Reproduction in angiospermophytes
10 Genetics
Meiosis
Dihybrid crosses & gene linkage
Polygenic inheritance