Introduction To Networking

Introduction to Networking
Nikola Tesla
Origin of Network
The first workable prototype of the
Internet came in the late 1960s with the
creation of ARPANET, or the Advanced
Research Projects Agency Network.
Originally funded by the U.S. Department
of Defense, ARPANET used packet
switching to allow multiple computers to
communicate on a single network.
What are the form of communication
before?
The Industrial Revolution
Communication Before
Telegraph, any device or system that allows
the transmission of information by coded
signal over distance. Many telegraphic
systems have been used over the centuries,
but the term is most often understood to
refer to the electric telegraph, which was
developed in the mid-19th century and for
more than 100 years was the principal means
of transmitting printed information by wire
or radio wave.
The Hush-a-Phone was a device
originally invented in the 1920s to allow
people to have more private
conversations over the phone. It’s
essentially just a tin box which goes over
the phone’s mouthpiece.
When you speak into it no one else in the room

can hear you, but the party at the other end of the
phone line can. AT&T sued the company on the
somewhat dubious grounds that the device
reduced the quality of the call for the recipient,
which damaged their business and the phone
system as a whole.
Network
● Group of computers and other devices
connected by some type of transmission
media.
● Networks enable users to share devices and
data, collectively called a network’s resources
Types of Network
● LAN
● WAN
● MAN
● CAN
● WLAN
Local Area Network (LAN)
A local area network (LAN) is a collection of devices
connected together in one physical location, such as
a building, office, or home. A LAN can be small or
large, ranging from a home network with one user to
an enterprise network with thousands of users and
devices in an office or school.
Regardless of size, a LAN's single defining

characteristic is that it connects devices that are in a
single, limited area.
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A wide area network (also known as WAN), is a large network of
information that is not tied to a single location. WANs can facilitate
communication, the sharing of information and much more between
devices from around the world through a WAN provider.
WANs can be vital for international businesses, but they are also
essential for everyday use, as the internet is considered the largest
WAN in the world. Keep reading for more information on WANs,
their use, how they differ from other networks and their overall
purpose for businesses and people, alike.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a computer
network that connects computers within a
metropolitan area, which could be a single large city,
multiple cities and towns, or any given large area
with multiple buildings. A MAN is larger than a local
area network (LAN) but smaller than a wide area
network (WAN). MANs do not have to be in urban
areas; the term "metropolitan" implies the size of the
network, not the demographics of the area that it
serves.
Campus Area Network (CAN)
Stands for "Campus Area Network." A CAN is a network that covers an educational or corporate
campus. Examples include elementary schools, university campuses, and corporate buildings.
A campus area network is larger than a local area network LAN since it may span multiple
buildings within a specific area. Most CANs are comprised of several LANs connected via
switches and routers that combine to create a single network. They operate similar to LANs, in
that users with access to the network (wired or wireless) can communicate directly with other
systems within the network.
Internet
The Internet is a global wide area network

that connects computer systems across the
world. It includes several high-bandwidth
data lines that comprise the Internet
"backbone." These lines are connected to
major Internet hubs that distribute data to
other locations, such as web servers and
ISPs.
Intranet
An intranet is a private enterprise network, designed to
support an organization’s employees to communicate,
collaborate and perform their roles. It serves a broad
range of purposes and uses, but at its core, an intranet
is there to help employees.
Peer to peer network
Stands for "Peer to Peer." In a P2P network, the "peers" are computer systems
which are connected to each other via the Internet. Files can be shared directly
between systems on the network without the need of a central server. In other
words, each computer on a P2P network becomes a file server as well as a
client.
Client and Server Network
The client-server model, or client-server architecture, is a distributed application
framework dividing tasks between servers and clients, which either reside in the
same system or communicate through a computer network or the Internet. The
client relies on sending a request to another program in order to access a service
made available by a server. The server runs one or more programs that share
resources with and distribute work among clients.
Wired vs. Wireless Network
Convenience
Access your network resources from any location within your wireless network's coverage area
or from any Wi-Fi hotspot.
Mobility
You're not tied to your desk, as you are with a wired connection. You and your employees can
go online in conference room meetings, for example.
Productivity
Wireless access to the Internet and to your company's key applications and resources helps
your staff get the job done and encourages collaboration.
Easy setup
You don't have to string cables, so installation can be quick and cost effective.
Expandability
You can easily expand wireless networks with existing equipment, whereas a wired network
might require additional wiring.
Security
Advances in wireless networks provide robust security protections.
Cost
Because wireless networks eliminate or reduce wiring expenses, they can cost less to operate
than wired networks.
A wired network connection is always the most reliable
and most secure internet connection.
If utilizing a network connection for business, academic

or research purposes, use a wired port instead of
wireless whenever possible. The advantages of using
wired connections include dedicated bandwidth instead
of having share with other users, less attacks of network
traffic interruptions, and less susceptible to interference
and outages than wireless access points. Use wired
ports for desktops and computer labs instead of
wireless.

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Introduction to Networking

When you speak into it no one else in the room

Regardless of size, a LAN's single defining

The Internet is a global wide area network

If utilizing a network connection for business, academic

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