POFESSIONAL

2/22/2020

PRACTICE

POFESSIONAL PRACTICE 2020

FIRST SEMSETER-SEC-F
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Contents
Part 1..............................................................................................................................................5
Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………..5
Schedule……………………………………………………………………………………………5
Explanation…………………………………………………………………………………………6
Time management skill that I have used…………………………………………………………….13
 Eisenhower's Time Management……………………………………………………………14
 To-do-List …………………………………………………………………………………16
 Activity log …………………………………………………………………………………16
Eisenhower's Time Management……………………………………………………………………16
To-do-list……………………………………………………………………………………………16
Activity log…………………………………………………………………………………………16
Work within a team to achieve a defined goal…………………………………………………….....17
Main Goal……………………………………………………………………………………………17
Roles of Team Member.......................................................................................................................17
Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………………...18

Part 2…………………………………………………………………………………………………19
Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………….19

Part 3…………………………………………………………………………………………………25
Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………..25
Analysis of team dynamics, in terms of the roles group members play in a team and the effectiveness
in terms of achieving shared goals……………………………………………………………………25
What is Team…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………25
Team Dynamic………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………25
Analyzing team dynamics with different roles which my team members played to achieve a goal…26
Team Aim………………………………………………………………………………………….26
Action Oriented Roles………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….26
People oriented Role…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..27
Thought Oriented Role…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………28

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Effectiveness and application of interpersonal skills during the design and delivery of a training
event……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………28
What is Interpersonal Skill………………………………………………………………………………………………………………28
Importance of Interpersonal Skill…………………………………………………………………………………………………29
Interpersonal Skills used during Design and Delivery of Event………………………………………………………29
A Critical evaluation of my own role and contribution to a group scenario……………………………………30
Critical Evaluation…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………30
Areas for Improvement…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………31
My contribution to achieve team goal……………………………………………………………………………………………32
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………33
Part 4……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………34
Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………38
Problem solving techniques…………………………………………………………………………………………………………38
Method……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….38
Research the use of different problem solving techniques used in the design and delivery of an
event………………………………………………………………………………………38
SWOT analysis……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………38
5 why’s method…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………39
Problem Solving Techniques in the delivery of the event……………………………………………………………39
Defining the problems correctly…………………………………………………………………………………………………….39
Determine the problems and clarify them……………………………………………………………………………………..40
Generate all the potential solutions……………………………………………………………………………………………….40
Evaluation of all the potential solutions………………………………………………………………………………………..40
Implementation of the solutions…………………………………………………………………………………………………..41
Critical Thinking…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..41
Critical Solution…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..41
The use and application of a range of solution methodologies……………………………………………………42
Various Solution Methodologies………………………………………………………………………………………………….43
Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..45
Part-5………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….46

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Section1…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………46
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………46
Importance of CPD………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….47
Contribution of CPD in my own learning……………………………………………………………………………………….48
A development plan that outlines responsibilities, performance objectives and required skills,
knowledge and learning for own future goals………………………………………………………………………………49
Development Plan…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………49
Responsibilities and Performance…………………………………………………………………………………………………49
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………50
Section 2………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………51
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………51
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory…………………………………………………………………………………………….51
Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory………………………………………………………………………………………………………53
Comparison between Maslow’s and Herzberg’s Motivation Theory………………………………………………54
Contrast between Maslow’s and Herzberg’s Motivation Theory……………………………………………………55
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………55
Section 3…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………56
Evaluate a range of evidence criteria that is used as a measure for effective CPD…………………………56
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………61
Definition of CPD……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………61
What is it for…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………61
Importance of CPD…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………61
CPD Record……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………62
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………63
Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………64

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Part 1
1. Produce a professional schedule for a two-day event (using project management software) that
identifies planning and resourcing prior to the event.

2. Design a training pack including a range of activities, seminars, workshops, team-building

activities and break-out sessions. It is expected that 30 employees will attend the event. There is
a large auditorium that will seat 60, and the outdoor center can accommodate 15 at any one time
for activities. In addition, there are three break-out rooms, one with computers for up to 20 and
two other seminar rooms that seat up to 30.

Introduction:

As per our project is keeping it level updated with the changing the world. We choose the topic
because we know that the world is changing so fast, especially the world of information
Technology which is changing so rapidly that it is hard to focus on a single thing. From different
gadgets to a small piece of software everything is changing in a small span of time Things which
are new now will become out of date in two years.so it is very important for information
Technology professionals to keep themselves updated with the changing needs because they are
the people who are making these changes possible. The reviewed journal article that I choose to
explore is “keeping up-to-date with Information Technology.

In this chore, I conduct two days training event which I presented and gave training about
Cyber Security, Excel Training, And Networking, And Time Management Skills in a private
company related to information technology.

Schedule:

This program was held for two days in a private modern transportation company
where we discussed about Cyber Security, Networking, Excel Skills, Time Management Skills.
How well the time was run and how the training program was carried out. Similarly, I briefly

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mentioned different communication skills I used during my training.

Explanation:

Efficient communication styles are very important if we are to provide effective training. During
the two days training, I used my communication skills like non – verbal, verbal and visual skills.

 VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Verbal Communication Skills is the process of sharing ideas, views and information by
the help of voice. As I had gone to school to conduct this program, firstly I needed the
consent of the principal to conduct the training program. I had a verbal communication
with the Principal where I explained him about the training program. I also explained the
principal about the needs and importance about this training event. I used my
communication skills which was very beneficial for me and as well as students to conduct
during program. The Verbal Communication is a type of oral communication wherein the
message is transmitted through the spoken words. Here the sender gives words to his
feelings, thoughts, ideas and opinions and expresses them in the form of speeches,
discussions, presentations, and conversations.

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I. Oral Communication:
Oral communication is the process of expressing information or ideas by word of mouth. After
we received the permission from the principal, we decided to hold the program in the hall.
Firstly, I introduced myself and my group and as I was the first one to introduce so I tried my
best to grab the attention of the students and make them comfortable. I explained the students
about the content and the aim of the training program, as well as the benefits of the discussion
and the lecture.
II. Written Communication:

I have also described the contents by writing to the students. Writing skills were also used to give
short description about the topic which made the communication easier. Written
communication includes traditional pen and paper letters and documents, typed electronic
documents, e-mails, text chats, SMS and anything else conveyed through written symbols such
as language. This type of communication is indispensable for formal business communications
and issuing legal instructions. . The effectiveness of written communication depends on the
writing style, grammar, vocabulary, and clarity

Non – Verbal Communication Skills:

Non – verbal communication skills involves facial expressions, tone and voice length, body
language(gestures).

I. Visual Communication:
Due to this visual communication skill, it helped me to describe properly about various content.
The presentations and the slides on the different topics were presented through visual means. I
even gave a short speech and even a short interactive session so that I could ask questions and
deal with the problems of the students. Due to visual communication and presentation skills, it
was easier for me and even the students to understand the contents effectively. It is one of three
main types of communication, along with verbal communication (speaking) and non-verbal
communication (tone, body language, etc.). Visual communication is believed to be the type that
people rely on most, and it includes signs, graphic designs, films, typography, and countless
other examples.
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2. Facial Expressions
The facial expressions and gestures play a very important role in the communication and hence
while delivering the training, I kept proper eye contact with the students so that they could
connect with me and understand my subject with I was talking. I also kept a good smile in my
face so that the students would be more comfortable and interactive with me. I had a maintained
proper body gestures and took proper space to keep the attention of all students towards me. I
even used proper body language so that students could perfectly understand about my subject.
3. Gestures
Deliberate movements and signals are an important way to communicate meaning without
words. Common gestures include waving, pointing, and using fingers to indicate numeric
amounts. Other gestures are arbitrary and related to culture. In courtroom settings, lawyers have
been known to utilize different nonverbal signals to attempt to sway juror opinions. An attorney
might glance at his watch to suggest that the opposing lawyer's argument is tedious or might
even roll his eyes at the testimony offered by a witness in an attempt to undermine his or her
credibility.
4. Proxemics
People often refer to their need for "personal space," which is also an important type of
nonverbal communication. The amount of distance we need and the amount of space we perceive
as belonging to us is influenced by a number of factors including social norms, cultural
expectations, situational factors, personality characteristics, and level of familiarity. For
example, the amount of personal space needed when having a casual conversation with another
person usually varies between 18 inches to four feet. On the other hand, the personal distance
needed when speaking to a crowd of people is around 10 to 12 feet.
5. Appearance
Our choice of color, clothing, hairstyles, and other factors affecting appearance are also
considered a means of nonverbal communication. Research on color psychology has
demonstrated that different colors can evoke different moods. Appearance can also alter
physiological reactions, judgments, and interpretations. Just think of all the subtle judgments you
quickly make about someone based on his or her appearance. These first impressions are
important, which is why experts suggest that job seekers dress appropriately for interviews with

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potential employers. Researchers have found that appearance can play a role in how people are
perceived and even how much they earn.
6. Artifacts

Objects and images are also tools that can be used to communicate nonverbally. On an online
forum, for example, you might select an avatar to represent your identity online and to
communicate information about who you are and the things you like. People often spend a great
deal of time developing a particular image and surrounding themselves with objects designed to
convey information about the things that are important to them. Uniforms, for example, can be
used to transmit a tremendous amount of information about a person. A soldier will don fatigues,
a police offers will wear a uniform, and a doctor will wear a white lab coat. At a mere glance,
these outfits tell people what a person does for a living.

7. Haptic
Communicating through touch is another important nonverbal behavior. There has been a
substantial amount of research on the importance of touch in infancy and early childhood. Harry
Harlow's classic monkey study demonstrated how deprived touch and contact impedes
development. Baby monkeys raised by wire mothers experienced permanent deficits in behavior
and social interaction. Touch can be used to communicate affection, familiarity, sympathy, and
other emotions. Researchers have found that high-status individuals tend to invade other people's
personal space with greater frequency and intensity than lower-status individuals.

After all the topics were discussed, I also summarized all the topic briefly and also gave some
time to the students to tell their queries. The evaluation form was prepared and given to the
students to write down their feedbacks about the training.

I have attached one example of the evaluation form below:

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Time Management Skill

“Time management” is the process of organizing and planning how to divide

your time between specific activities. Good time management enables you to work smarter – not
harder – so that you get more done in less time, even when time is tight and pressures are high.
The process of organizing and planning how to divide your time between specific activities.
Good time management enables you to work smarter – not harder – so that you get more done in
less time, even when time is tight and pressures are high. Failing to manage your time damages
your effectiveness and causes stress.

What are time management skills?

Time management skills include a variety of skills that will help you manage your time well.
Some of the most important time management skills include:

 Organization. Staying organized can help you maintain a clear picture of what you need
to complete and when. Being well-organized might mean maintaining an up-to-date
calendar, being able to locate certain documents easily, having a tidy environment and
taking detailed, diligent notes.

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  Prioritization. Assessing each of your responsibilities for priority is key in being a good
time manager. There are many ways to prioritize what you need to accomplish. You
might decide to complete fast, simple items followed by longer, more involved ones.
Alternatively, you might prioritize your tasks starting with the most time-sensitive, or a
combination of both.
 Goal-setting. Setting goals is the first step to becoming a good time manager. Goal-
setting allows you to clearly understand your end goal and what exactly you need to
prioritize to accomplish it. Setting both short and long-term goals can lead to success in
your career.
 Communication. Developing strong communication skills can allow you to make your
plans and goals clear to people you work with. It also allows you to delegate, who lets
you focus on completing the most important, relevant tasks that align with your goals.
 Planning. A fundamental part of time management is planning. Being efficient in
planning out your day, meetings and how you will accomplish things will help you stick
to your schedule.

How to improve time management skills

1. Set short and long-term goals: Practicing regular goal-setting can help you clearly
understand exactly what you need to accomplish to achieve certain results. To hit larger,
long-term goals, identify smaller milestone goals along the way. For example, if you have
a goal to be promoted within six months, you might need to set smaller goals to improve
on certain skills. Your goals should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and
time-based.
2. Manage your calendar: Setting time aside to complete the most important tasks on your
list is important managing your time. You might consider blocking off certain brackets of
time on your calendar on a regular basis so you are guaranteed to have time in your
schedule without distractions or meetings. You should also consider whether or not
attending certain meetings is beneficial. If you do this, use discretion and be polite–you
might consider sending the meeting owner an email letting them know why you have
declined.

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 3. Prioritize your assignments. Prioritization is a difficult skill but gets easier with
practice. You can practice prioritization by making to-do lists. Writing or typing out
everything you need to get done can help you physically prioritize the tasks that are most
urgent or easy to get out of the way. If you need help, you might consider asking your
manager or a colleague who is good at prioritizing how they would complete work.
Understanding due dates and how the task affects others and business goals can help you
to get certain things done ahead of others.

Why are time management skills important?

Time management skills are important because they help you structure your work in a way that
allows for you to accomplish goals. For example, if your goal is to get a job, you need time to
update your resume, search for openings, apply, research companies and prepare for interviews.
Setting aside specific amounts of time per day will help you complete the necessary steps to
getting a job. Alternatively, if already have a job, you likely have a variety of responsibilities to
help the company achieve certain goals. Maintaining your calendar, meetings and tasks is
necessary to be successful in your role. Being fully present and focused results from strong time
management skills. For example, if you are running late to a meeting and must work on a project
you forgot was due while people are speaking, you might miss important information that could
help you be better at your job. Managing your time well also allows you to have space to be
creative and proactive with your goals. When you have specific time set aside to complete your
tasks, you can also allow for time to think about the big picture for yourself and your company.

Time management skill that I have used.

How I used the time management skill during the planning and delivery of the tanning.

Time management refers to the effective management of time so that the correct activity is
carried out in the correct time. Effective time management enables people to determine the
importance of specific timelines for activities. Now I'm going to explain how I manage time
during the planning and delivery of the training. On 4th and 5th January, we gave training to the
Tootle Private Company. When organizing any event, many things must remain under
consideration. One of them is time management. In this event, we have applied some basic time

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management strategies to complete our mission effectively. During the event we had to focus on
related to the company so for us some strategies were effective which are listed below:

 Eisenhower's Time Management

 To-do-List
 Activity log

Eisenhower's Time Management

Eisenhower's Urgent/Important Principle helps you quickly identify the activities that you
should focus on, as well as the ones you should ignore. When you use this tool to prioritize
your time, you can deal with truly urgent issues, at the same time as you work towards important,
longer-term goals. This simple model helps you to turn your thoughts into strategic planning and
sustainable productivity. If we apply Eisenhower’s principle we can eliminate many things that
consume mental energy, time of loss and often bring you to your goals. It is a simple decision-
making tool that you can use at this time.

By using Eisenhower’s time management first we classify the task according to their importance.
So, our high importance and urgent task is selecting venue, contacting school administrator and
managing projector and others thing which are required for event. After completing this task we
can proceed because our training event can be stopped when we complete this task

What Are "Urgent" and "Important" Activities?

 Important activities have an outcome that leads to us achieving our goals, whether these are
professional or personal.
 Urgent activities demand immediate attention, and are usually associated with achieving
someone else's goals. They are often the ones we concentrate on and they demand attention
because the consequences of not dealing with them are immediate.

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Eisenhower's Urgent/Important Principle

1. Urgent and Important

Urgent means that a task requires immediate attention. These are the to-do's that shout
“Now!” Urgent tasks put us in a reactive mode, one marked by a defensive, negative, hurried,
and narrowly-focused mindset. Important tasks are things that contribute to our long-term
mission, values, and goals. For example: responding to urgent emails, work deadlines and so on.

2. Important but Not Urgent

These are the activities that help you achieve your personal and professional goals, and
complete important work. Make sure that you have plenty of time to do these things properly, so
that they do not become urgent. Make sure that you have plenty of time to do these things
properly, so that they do not become urgent. Also, remember to leave enough time in your
schedule to deal with unforeseen problems. For example:  exercising, journaling, studying, and
family time.

3. Not Important but Urgent

Urgent but not important tasks are things that prevent you from achieving your goals. are
typically time-wasting activities that don’t help you to achieve your long-term goals. For
Examples: responding to urgent emails, work deadlines and so on.

4. Not Urgent but not important

Matrix is typically time-wasting activities that don’t help you to achieve your long-term goals.
You can simply ignore or cancel many of them. However, some may be activities that other
people want you to do, even though they don't contribute to your own desired outcomes. For
example: Mindlessly browsing through social media, surfing the web, playing video games and
watching TV.

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To-do-List

It is also another way of managing time that we perform during our event. In this method we
make list of the works which we have to do. In this method we prioritize our work. A list of task
and other task often written on piece of paper as a memory aid that one needs or intends to
accomplish.in this method we make we make list of the works which we have to do.In the
method we prioritize our work.

 Critical: Complete training

 Hot: Complete assignment within deadline
 Sooner: Picnic day
 Later: Chat with friends.
“Here we make list of works. Like our critical task is completing training and it must be done
immediately after that we put task completing assignment because it can be done in next few
days also. Picnic day is our sooner task because it is important, but don’t need immediate
attention. Chat with friends is out later task because we don’t need to consider while doing
short term planning. In this way we implement To-do-List method of time management.

Activity log

“By keeping an Activity Log for a few days, we can build up an accurate picture of what we
will do during the day, and how we invest our time. Activity Log also help us understand
whether we are doing our most important work during the right time of day or not. For
instance, if we are more energetic and creative in the morning, its better doing most
important work during that time.”

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Work within a team to achieve a defined goal

It was not easy or possible to conduct an event alone. So, I choose three of my friends: Rohit
Sah, Pujan Ghimire and Rubin Chaulagain made a team to achieve our goal. They also
volunteered and work in different event and I knew that it would be easy for us to achieve our
goals.
Main Goal:
Since all team members have a similar goal, even with different roles. And our main goal is to
provide basic knowledge about “IT and Time management”. We started to plan and divide the
role as a team to achieve goals. Now, I will present the different contribution of each member of
the team to the same goal.”
Roles of Team Member:
MEMBERS ROLE OF THE TEAM MEMBER
Nikesh Ojha Management of resources and equipment required for
the program. (Management Head)
.

Pujan Ghimire Head of Logistics and Key Presenter

Rubin Chaulagain Handle the technical device (Technical head).

Rohit Sah Conduct a program providing basic knowledge and

speech

Nikesh Ojha
This was me, Nikesh, I was given the key role as management head in the event and was
assigned to manage resource and his work was to manage the necessary resources and equipment

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required for the program, such as software, projector, laptop, etc. Due to his proper management,
we had no problem in bring the equipment together.
Rubin Chaulagain
He was given this role of the Technical Head and his job was to solve all the problem which can
arise with technical devices such as monitors, sound systems, Projector etc. After the
confirmation of venue.

Pujan Ghimire
He was another member of my team and he was the Head of Logistics and also the key presenter
of our group, who also acted as a motivator for the team. He was responsible for managing the
entire team and members agreed on the decisions he wanted to take for the progress of the team.
Rohit Sah
He was given this role and his work whose main objective was to implement the program by
providing basic knowledge of all the topics at the beginning so that they can understand easily.
Therefore, He explained theoretically, practically and also presented about each and every topic
which we were there to conduct a program about. All the members of the company were very
impressed with his way of presentation and communication skills he had. And they gave us best
complements and feedback as they were familiar with the knowledge and skills he provided
them. One of the member from the company asked us to visit there again with new program to
gain more knowledge through various sectors.

Conclusion
So, in this task I had created a professional schedule for the program with the help of Microsoft
Project Manager. Here I have implemented a program that includes many communication
methods such as oral communication, interactions, presentations, workshops and seminars to
deliver my training event to target audiences including Training package. And I had also
explained about the time management skills which help us to manage our time during training
and role of the team member to achieve the goal.

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PART 2

Design a two-hour workshop session based on ‘team dynamics’. The workshop will include a
presentation which will discuss the importance of team dynamic in the success and/or failure of a
group work. You will also provide interactive links to suitable sites and prepare an activity sheet
that will require delegates (trainees/ participates) to take part in some form of team-building task.

Introduction
In this part, I will explain about team dynamics and I will discuss the importance of team
dynamics in the success and / or failure of group work.

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Part 3

Following the event, your training and development manager has asked you to provide some
feedback. Produce a written evaluation of the effectiveness and application of interpersonal skills
during the design and delivery process. You should also include an evaluation of your
performance in this project and your contribution to the team you worked in.

Introduction

“In this part, I am going to discuss about the team dynamics and roles group members play in a
team and the effectiveness in terms of achieving shared goals. And I will also discuss about the
effectiveness and application of interpersonal skills during the design and delivery of a training
event. Moreover, I will also describe about my own role and contribution to a group scenario.”

Analysis of team dynamics, in terms of the roles group members play in a team and the
effectiveness in terms of achieving shared goals.

What is Team?

A group of people with different skills and different tasks, who work together on a common
project, service, or goal, with a meshing of functions and mutual support. Two or more people
working together, interacting regularly and to coordinate their work towards a common goal is
known as team. It is truly essential that you have a team because the person does not have all the
knowledge and skills and does all the task. Therefore, all people working together are very
necessary.

Team Dynamic?

“The work place, social organizations, community groups and sports all use teams to accomplish
goals. The dynamics of teams determine if these goals will be met in an efficient manner.
Identifying team dynamics and understanding positive and negative outcomes that may occur
due to the dynamics will assist you to achieve team efforts.”

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Analyzing team dynamics with different roles which my team members played to achieve a
goal.

Team Aim

Altogether there were six members of a team to ensure the goal of providing a basic knowledge
on IT and Time management. So, we organized this event in Tootle private company. The roles
of team member were different but the goal was common among the team and that is achieving
the goal of providing knowledge on these topics. Due to the team's efforts and hard work the
event was completed successfully. Therefore, I will be presenting my team program to explain
the different team dynamics played by my team members.

To recognize that team dynamics are essential to determine how the team works. I will describe
the four roles that members of my team played in order make our event successful and allow us
to reach our goal. Basically, we must initially cover three-way roles.”

Action Oriented Roles:

Action oriented roles focus on improving team performance, putting ideas into practice and
meeting deadlines. The three action-oriented roles are:

Implementer: Implementer are the individuals who implement ideas in practical, effective and
orderly manner. They are much disciplined people and work in a team. The weakness is that the
team changes, the changes are affected and the changes are not appreciated and conservative.

Shaper: Sharper are the very active people who brings challenges and fun. They are so
determined in their goal and they are also called goal-oriented. They are open- minded and tend
to communicate firmly rather than directly and maintain good individual attitudes and abilities
that are an excellent point for a member of a team to perform every task without problems.
Sharper are the people who need their team because they think positively and motivate the team
to achieve their objective.

Completer Finisher: They care for smallest details and ensure that things are done correctly.
They see all the minor details and they do not like any mistakes. In a certain period, team

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members have to fulfill each task and everything needs to be perfect. They provide work without
delay and work at high quality. However, there is no concern for secondary issues.

Here, I would like to emphasize to myself Nikesh Ojha in the action oriented because of my
positive thinking and motivating the other team member. The other reason is that I am a very
open minded person who likes the challenges and fun that this job requires.

People Oriented Roles

The three roles for people are:

Coordinator: They order into team. The team coordinator leader is responsible for mature people,
experience and clear confidence. They are very excellent to lead the team to a goal. They have
good hearing, quiet.

Resource Investigator: As a resource investigator it is very important to maintain outside

relationship. They are excellent in negotiation skills and have strong network within the team.
They are excellent for exploring, informing and getting information quickly. They are very
interested in identifying and working with other members to achieve goals.

Team worker: They provide support to the team in diplomatic way. They are flexible and
supportive of everyone. They are good team listener and very understanding, social and friendly.
However, the formation of harmony is very interesting and all the conflicts which occur in the
team is resolved. The drawback is that they are not good at making decisions and they want to be
nice to everyone.

In the people-oriented roles, I would like to take Pujan ghimire because he has created a capable
team network and has explored the funds and resources required for a team to attain this goal at a
different location.

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Thought Oriented Roles
The three cerebral roles are:

Monitor evaluator: It analytically and critically evaluates team decisions. They are serious
thoughtful people, critics and great analysts. You can analyze the situation before you come to an
end. They prepare intelligent decision making to slow decision making.

Plant: They come up with innovative, ground-breaking solutions. They give original ideas with
an intelligent solution. They are Problem solver they find new ways and create original ideas.
They can also be called a problem solution because they are excited to solve complex problems.
The drawback is that they lack good communication skills and are very sensitive and want to
work alone on their own.

Specialist: They are experts in particular subject matter. They are the people with large number
of experts and knowledge who require every job to be carried out. They believe they have the
skills, talent and skills to be professionals. They love learning new things and explaining them to
the team. The drawback is that they do not participate in a continuous team and feel proud and
praise themselves. They get angry even in small things.

In this thought roles, I would like to explain Rohit Sah and Pujan Ghimire as they manages and
evaluates the resources and equipment needed for the program and one of them is also technical
expert. They had a serious mentality, a critical thinker, experts, etc.

Effectiveness and application of interpersonal skills during the design and delivery of a
training event.

What is Interpersonal Skill?

Interpersonal skills are capabilities to effectively communicate, socialize, connect, and cooperate
with people in life, whether it be an individual or a group. Some people naturally have great
interpersonal skills. Others have to learn and practice interpersonal skills in order to master them.
are the behaviors and tactics a person uses to interact with others effectively. In the business

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world, the term refers to an employee's ability to work well with others. Interpersonal
skills range from communication and listening to attitude and deportment.

Importance of Interpersonal Skill

There are many importance of interpersonal skill and some of them are given below:

 It helps you to broaden your life opportunities

 The skills of individuals help to make a successful life for people. Life will be more
challenging without it, and many barriers will lead people to failure.

 In professional like it helps to create good relationship, also helps to make better decision
maker with better professional image.

Interpersonal Skills used during Design and Delivery of Event

During the time of design and delivery of the event I have used different interpersonal
skills which helps to complete our training event in successful way. Due to the help of
interpersonal skill I was able to make audience more active and energetic. Some of the
interpersonal skills that I have used in the training event are:

Self – Confidence: While planning an event I remembered the thought of Thomas

Carlyle, that "Nothing builds self-esteem and self-confidence like accomplishment."
Thus, I have followed this quote during event. I have learned many things from my
mistake, because of my self-confidence during the event. I also realized that self-
confidence is the main factor of other interpersonal skills, and then I believed in myself
with my knowledge and skills and I worked hard with makes training successful.

Verbal Communication: Verbal communication determines a lot how to communicate

your ideas to others while talking to someone or while training someone. It is the
technique we used most frequently. When planning the event, verbal communication
helps me in many things. When I meet the principal, I used my ability to convince him
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 say that the training would be really useful for Tootle Company. As a result, he agreed to
change his decision and provide us opportunity to give training to tootle company hours.
In addition, during the training session, I concentrated on detailing my words by speaking
slowly and emphasizing what I said to making sure that all tootle staff could hear and
understand my opinion clearly.
Body Language: While delivering the training different nonverbal communication style were
also used and one of them is Body language. They were usually used while providing training,
with positive language to create an open and friendly environment with audience and as a result,
students actively participated in conversation and completed group tasks easily. In a similar way
I also used my eye contact with student which makes them easy to communicate with us to share
their ideas and views.

Collaboration: Working together allows the team to produce productive results for clients and
work. Successful cooperation requires the ability to cooperate and respect each other. During the
time of design and delivery of the training event our team member collaborate with each other
which help us to do our work smoothly.

Listening: It is the most important interpersonal skill that everyone needs. This skill helps know
about others ideas and views. During training I used this skill to know about the student opinion
and views about our training. It helps us know about the problems of student related to topic.

A Critical evaluation of my own role and contribution to a group scenario

In this part, I have critically evaluated by role as a leader and also illustrated the areas which are
needed to improve and the contribution done for achieving the goal.

Critical Evaluation:

The training was on the topic ‘IT and Time management skills’ where students should be given
the knowledge about it. For the conduction of the event, chiefly the plan had to be made about
how to conduct the event, the infrastructures needed for the event and the beneficial contents for

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the students. There were many problems that might occur during the design and delivery of the
event which were needed to be analyzed and addressed critically.

The event was divided in to two phase i.e. design phase and delivery phase. Critical reasoning
was applied mainly to figure about the pre-defined objectives and essential measures to meet
them with addressing the problems that come forward. The first phase i.e. during design phase it
had become a little perplex about how to manage the time, what are the essential resources and
the important contents to choose for the event. During the delivery phase as well, there were
many problems which were needed to be critically analyze and solve. The prime difficultly was
to deal with the horde of the students. I never had conducted and addressed so much of mass
before. Managing the infrastructural materials was another chaotic task. Calm and composed
manner helped me to meet my objective. To get familiar with the problems 5 why Method is was
applied. I critically analyzed the use of the technique and its benefits and the results were
positive. I managed to know the problems well and limitations that are hidden. Managing the
time was a fundamental issue. I was in dilemma how would I allocate time for different
activities. Thus, I used time management strategies like: activity log, to-do list etc. to balance the
deeds properly. In order to know my strengths and weakness with the opportunities received and
threats that would appear during the event, I used SWOT Analysis method. I examined the
impacts of all the techniques parts by parts and monitored the event solving all the problems.
With SWOT analysis technique, I figured out my weakness. In order to get rid of aggressive
communication I practiced speaking and grasping the contents I spoke. I made attempt of
delivering speech before my colleague to judge my performance honestly and avoid anxiety, fear
and hesitation of mass. I collected suggestions and helpful tips from the seniors, experts and
colleagues about the training event, how we would maintain patience and composure, how to
tackle the queries raised and how to achieve good results.

Areas for Improvement:

To some extent, I was lagging behind in my performance during the event though critical
thinking was used. The activities and the steps were critically framed during the event. Though
time management skills were used, I wasted some of the time in unnecessary content. After there

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was a short break, it became a little difficult to grab or take the concentration of all the students
towards the content I was discussing. I had difficulty in saying some of the extra quotes and
phrases that were essential. Solving the queries asked to me took a longer time. I was unable to
provide instances and create a scenario that could easily help to tackle the queries raised.
Working on the difficult matter, I could not focus on the basic questions that remained unsolved.
The alternative problem solving techniques were lagging and it was difficult to handle some
major issues. Thus, I needed to focus on basic questions as well in order to solve those problems
and perform better in future events. I must accept the fact that some arguments are better rather
than being fixated on my own personal agendas. I need to have broader sense of vision in
analyzing opportunities and threats. I must work on my decision-making skills. I must learn to
seize the attention of audience and solve the queries raised in no time using easier methods. I
must evaluate the existing evidence and try reversing things. If handworks and proper
concentration is given to those issues then, it would be very much easier to conduct the event and
achieve the objectives.

My contribution to achieve team goal

It was my first experience in my life to organize an event about IT and Time Management Skills
to the Tootle private Company. Although we faced many problem but the ending was good. I
was a leader, but I had no idea about this type of event, anyway I complete it with the help of
some experienced person and my team. . I think I gave my best to achieve our goal. It was not as
easy as we heard or seen, but when we find ourselves in such a position and experienced it. As a
leader, I have to clarify all the role of the team members. Organizing an event in a school and
managing all these things was very difficult. I behave friendly with team members so they can
share their problems and mine too. One of my team members was afraid to appear in front of a
large number of people, but I encourage him to share his thoughts. I think my role was different
and harder than the other team members. After all, I felt that I had done my best in the
contribution to the achieve goal.

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Conclusion

To summarize, I would say that I was able to know that with the help of team dynamics, the goal
of each team can be achieved easily. In order to achieve a common goal, various members much
have different qualities and personalities. I would also like to say that it is very important to have
an expert, a coordinator to manage the team well and to resolve the various problems in a easy
and simple way. Therefore, the team dynamics of the team play a vital role in terms of the roles
of group members playing in the team and achieving a goal. Also I had used various
communication and interpersonal skills, such as showing positive attitude and understanding,
receiving advice and comments from student and teachers etc. I have also mentioned my own
critical evaluation in team role and contribution to a group to achieve goal and also I explained
about areas of improvement.

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Part-4

Produce a report discussing problem-solving and its importance in planning and running an
event. Your report should include a discussion of various problem-solving techniques and justify
the solution methodologies used during your project. You should also include a critique of the
application of critical reasoning and your experiences of it.

TITLE PAGE

"Use of different problem techniques used in the design and delivery of an event."

Nikesh Ojha

8th Feb 2020

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TERMS OF REFERENCE

A report is presented to know various techniques of problem solving used for the design and
delivery of an event.

Training and Development Manager, IT Expert Nepal

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 SUMMARY

This report was prepared by Nikesh Ojha to show the used of different problems techniques, to
demonstrate the critical reasoning and also to show the methodologies and its application. This
report aims to provide details about the problem techniques like 5 why, six thinking hats, SWOT
analysis which is used to solve the problem during design and delivery of the event. Furthermore
research is applied to find the best techniques which are normally used by people. And to justify the
use and application of a range of solution technique.
”

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Table of Content

Introduction.......................................................................................................................38

Definition of Problem solving Techniques……………………………………………………………………………38

Method………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………38

5 WHY…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………39

Critical Thinking…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………41

Critical Reasoning……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..41

Research the use of different problem solving techniques………………………………………………43

The use and application of a range of solution methodologies…………………………………………43

Critical Thinking during the event………………………………………………………………………………………45

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………45

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Introduction

In this part, I have discussed about the various problems solving technique that I used while
designing for the event and some problem solving skills during the delivery of the event. By
using different problem solving techniques, I will also generate possible solutions to solve
problems by identifying the root cause of the problem. By using critical thinking, I will choose
the correct solution to the problem among the various solutions that will obtain for the problems.

Problem solving techniques

There were various problems that were aroused during the design of the event and it needed to be
solved firstly. Problem solving is the process of corrective action to achieve goals or objectives.
Each one faces the problem from time to time during performing any task. Some problems are
small and can be solved in a short period of time, but some are more complex and require a lot of
time to solve them. There are many steps that can be used to solve a complex problem, some of
them are 5: Why, Six Thinking Hats SWOT Analysis, etc.

Method
Research the use of different problem solving techniques used in the design and delivery of
an event.

SWOT analysis:

Generally, SWOT analysis becomes a useful tool in case of analyzing one’s own strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities individual gets and threats that can be faced. Using this useful tool, I
firstly listed out the weaknesses that are prevailing in me like: nervousness to face the horde,
aggressive communication, keenness and incapability of managing the time effectively. As I
knew about the strengths so I looked after the threats that I would possibly receive during the
design of the training event. Analyzing the threats, I knew about the obstacles and hurdles during

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the design. I prioritize all the opportunities that I get and heightened the confidence keeping
away all the uncertainties and anxieties in order to solve all the threats and weaknesses.

5 why’s method:

“By the help of SWOT analysis I knew about all the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and
threats. To ponder them I used brainstorming technique.” “I questioned myself using 5 why
methods:

Why the problems are occurring?

Why the real cause of problem is still unidentified?

Why there is still incompetence in solving problems?

Why I lack those skills and knowledge?

Why cannot I get rid of those problems?

I found all the solutions questioning myself about how I could overcome the obstacles and boost
up my confidence which helped me in designing for the event.

Problem Solving Techniques in the delivery of the event

Some of the problems solving technique during the delivery of the event are discussed below:

Defining the problems correctly:

To solve the problem or to get in to the solution, it is vital to define the problem. Definition of
problem will examine how problems could possibly be solved. Various problems were figured
out before the delivery of the event. Finding out the hurdles, decision was made if the problems
are to be solved and efforts are essential to solve them.

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Determine the problems and clarify them:

After the problem is defined, it is essential to determine and clarify them. There were problems
during the delivery of the event like managing the hall for conducting event; infrastructures like
benches and tables; and projector with devices for communication. The problems were
determined and volunteers were necessary to manage the infrastructures and manage the horde of
the students. To conduct the event, firstly support must be given by the school administration.
There were problems during the interaction with the administrator as well. It was very much
necessary to determine the problem in order to get in to the solution. After determining the
problems, what efforts can be done could be figured out.

Generate all the potential solutions:

Brainstorming and thinking must be done to generate possible solutions for the problems. To
solve the problems related to management of the infrastructure like projectors, benches, tables
and communicating instruments; support was taken from the volunteers. To manage the horde,
staffs helped and peace was maintained. Proper aim, objective and clear thoughts was kept
forward administrator which made the interaction reconciled.

Evaluation of all the potential solutions:

Evaluation is very crucial after the problems were identified and solutions were generated.
Proper solution which could effectively eliminate the problem must be selected. The evaluation
of the solutions was done by ‘Pareto analysis’ as it is important technique which helps to
possibly evaluate the solutions. The problems were analyzed carefully due to which many
solutions were produced and decision was made by selecting the appropriate one.

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Implementation of the solutions:

After various solutions were produced and evaluated, implementation of those solutions must be
done for solving the problem. Implementation was properly done to solve the problems. The
problems like infrastructure management; dealing with the mass of the students and other
problems for delivering the event was successfully solved by proper implementation.

Critical Thinking

“It refers to the ability to analyze information objectively and make a reasoned judgment.
Critical thinking involves the evaluation of sources such as data, facts, observable phenomenon,
and research findings. Good critical thinkers can draw reasonable conclusions from a set of
information and discriminate between useful and less useful details to solve a problem or make a
decision.” (DOYLE, 2020)

Fig: Critical thinking mechanism

Critical Reasoning
I have solved lots of problem about design and delivery of my plan for the training from two
different problem-solving techniques which are SWOT analysis and five whys methods. First, I
had no idea to make plan on Gantt chart so I had to think critically on it. I go on YouTube and
watch some of the beginner videos for the Gantt chart designing using different tools. Some tools
were used to design the Gantt chart like MS Excel, MS Visio and MS Project tool. By seeing the
tutorial from the MS Project, I learnt how to design the Gantt chart and solved my first problem
and provided the proper time for the parts of my event.

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I had no time for holding these events so I found that Saturday and Sunday are best option for
conducting event and I did that. First of I felt confused how to held such a big event in two days
having the time of 6 hrs. And 5 hrs. In respected days. So, I learnt different time management
skills and decided to give the presentation and involve the students to help themselves by
supporting me to present the presentation. And by dividing the groups I felt comfortable and
discussion becomes quite easier.

I felt worries within myself, if the students ask me cross questions about my event that what
should be my reaction. For this I had done research about my problem on websites, books,
newspaper, articles and think critically to solve this problem. If I don’t use two problem solving
techniques to solve those problems then there is big problem would occur. If I didn’t solve the
problem then I would not able to make design of a plan and without plan I could not host my
event. And it also helps me to manage the time.

To deliver my event smoothly and perfectly critical thinking help me to come with new ideas and
critical reasoning help me to implement those ideas in my event and help to deliver my event
successfully.

The use and application of a range of solution methodologies.

Various problem solving strategies are used to cope up with the problems and achieve desired
output. Various solution methodologies are used to solve the problems in an organization. An
organization applies different problem solving strategies to achieve success overcoming the
problems that appear before.”
“In this part, I have clearly illustrated about the use and application of various solutions
methodologies with evidences. Those wide range of solution methodologies help in solving the
problems easily that increase performance, productivity, consistency and generate remarkable
outputs.

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Various Solution Methodologies:
The various solution methodologies are:

 SWOT analysis:

A SWOT analysis is an incredibly simple, yet powerful tool to help you develop your
business strategy, whether you’re building a startup or guiding an existing
Company.SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats.”
(Parsons, 2018) “Generally, SWOT analysis becomes a useful tool in case of analyzing
one’s own strengths, weaknesses, opportunities individual gets and threats that can be
faced. By doing SWOT analysis, individual gets aware about the threats and weakness
and helps to work to improve it. The opportunities and strengths are highlighted and
efforts are made to make it better. Hence, it becomes a powerful solution method for
solving the problem any individual gets.”

Fig: SWOT Analysis

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5 Why’s method:

The 5 why’s method is an important brainstorming technique to know about the root cause of
The problem. It utilizes counter-measures as opposed to arrangements. A counter-measure is an
Activity or set of activities that look to keep the issue emerging once more, while an answer may
simply try to manage the side effect. The method to know the problem is:
Why the problems are occurring?
Why the real cause of problem is still unidentified?
Why there is still incompetence in solving problems?

Why I lack those skills and knowledge?

Why cannot I get rid of those problems?
The above questions help to get in to the detail about the problem and take necessary steps in
solving them as well. Hence, it becomes an important method in solving the problems.

 Motivational policy:
Motivational policy not only helps the employee but benefits the company as well. Developing
motivational policy directly increases the production. For example: if we compare the product
rate of the company when employees are motivated and when they lack enthusiasm it can be
clearly figured out that the product rate is considerably high when employees are motivated.
Whenever there is motivation or motivational policy is developed in the company then, make the
employees far easier to know about the problem and work to solve it.

 Performance Appraisal :

Performance appraisal is the process of evaluation of an employee at higher levels. In order to

know whether the selection of an employee is right or wrong, performance appraisal is resorted
to. Promotion, transfer, salary increase etc. are some of the matters that are dependent upon the
evaluation of the performance of an employee.” (Chand, 2016) “Employee’s strength’s, qualities,
weaknesses and drawbacks in the working environment can be easily figured out. Performance

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appraisal is a formal process which determines the performance of the employees comparing
with the set of standards set out by the company. With performance appraisal, a company can
make good decision and solve various problems like: promotion of efficient staff’s members,
addition of new members etc. The various data gathered from the performance appraisal help to
know about the effectiveness and development of company and take necessary steps to solve the
problems that appear within a company eliminating future threats maintain the position in the
market. Performance appraisal is even helpful for personal planning. It helps to review the
performance of individuals and know about the current status. The various problems that
hindered for the betterment can be easily listed out and resolved for utilizing the opportunities
that come forward. For example: a well-documented performance appraisal help to know about
the employee’s effectiveness and provide rewards according to its which resolve the problem of
discrimination. In personal planning, performance planning helps to identify the problem that
occurred and hindered the development and help to take necessary steps to solve them.

Conclusion

In a word, I have explained about the different problem solving techniques while designing and
delivery of the event. Problem solving technique greatly helped to find and solve a problem.
These skills increase the working speed and helps to do work easily. “They also help us to
increase our creativity. Also we used critical reasoning which help us to analyze the solutions
and strategies that were used even to solve any problems. Furthermore, I came to know that
many organizations are using a different technique of problem solving according to their
problems. I did primary research about the organization and I able to know that they are using
different problem solving techniques like 5 why, six thinking hats. At last we are able to know
that problem solving techniques are really helpful in our daily life to solve our minor or major
problems. Above we also give the example of open source management software. Also I have
explained about the positive aspects identified while applying critical thinking and aspect where
I need improvement for next time to make event much better than this time.

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Part 5
1. Having completed the Training Event Management project, you now need to reflect on your
experience and consider your Continuous Professional Development (CPD) needs.

Section 1
Consider your personal and/or career goals and identify your CPD needs and what actions would
put you in a position to achieve these goals. Produce a development plan outlining your future
goals and identifying how these can be realized.

Introduction

Continuing professional development should be a lifelong, systematic and planned process to

maintain and develop professional competence, creativity and innovation. The outcome has
value for both the individual and their profession. Continuing professional development should
be a lifelong, systematic and planned process to maintain and develop professional competence,
creativity and innovation. The outcome has value for both the individual and their profession. It
supports individual needs and improves professional practice. It is a key component in improving
standards. It allows an individual to perform a personal skills audit, reviewing and reflecting the
learning process and helps in setting goals and objectives.  It refers to the process of tracking and
documenting the skills, knowledge and experience that you gain both formally and informally as
you work, beyond any initial training. It’s a record of what you experience, learn and then apply
the main objective of CPD is to improve work performance, increase the capacity for learning,
encourage participation and enhance career prospects.

In this part, I have explained about the various importance of Continuing Professional
Development (CPD) and also shown how it has contributed in my own learning.

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Importance of CPD
There are many importance of Continuing Professional Development and they are:

 Meet and Uplift the current standard: CPD helps us to gain new skills and knowledge
which is very much essential for the coming future. It ensures persons capabilities to keep
in pace with the current standards of others. Any individual gets to know about the
achievements that have been progressed and qualification which is either academic or
practical is up to date.

 Career Advancement: CPD enhances the knowledge and skills and individual becomes
more proficient. It also allows keeping the records of the knowledge and skills that are
achieved which helps them to know about their qualifications and skills .This all result in
the career Advancement of the individual and the person gets a new standard. Individual
can grab the opportunities that come forward of life.
 Enhancement of knowledge and skills: CPD helps the individual to keep the records of
the knowledge and skills that are achieved which helps them to know about their
qualifications and skills. It also assures to maintain and enhance the knowledge and skills
and reveal the gaps in our skills and capabilities. It advances up individual skills and due
to which people become more efficient in workplace.
 Keeps motivated and aware of the atmosphere : CPD helps to have keen interested in the
working environment and make it more interesting and better. Due to the enhancement of
the skills and knowledge, he/she becomes much more motivated and confident. It even
makes us aware about the working atmosphere and takes steps according to it.
 Increases the public confident: CPD greatly helps in the workplace. It helps the individual
to keep the records of the knowledge and skills that are achieved which helps them to
know about their qualifications and skills. It also assures to maintain and enhance the
knowledge and skills and reveal the gaps in our skills and capabilities.
 Increase understanding and maturity: CPD provides an area for new possibilities, new
knowledge and new skills areas. Person becomes more understanding i.e.it increases
understanding providing knowledge of what it means to be a professional

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 Contribution of CPD in my own learning:
The following is a sample of CPD's contribution to learning:
Where am I now?
CPD helps us to understand the condition in which we are at present. “I have been
working as an IT officer for the company for last six months. I have different things to
learn and understand. Various activities have to be handled which includes governing the
activities of people, motivating the individuals who are working under me.

Where do I want to be?

As CPD greatly enhances the skills and knowledge of the individual, there is sure to be
promotion from the current level in to the higher level. It boosts the confidence and let the
individual to aim higher. Similarly, looking after myself as now I am IT officer and with the help
of CPD I want to become president of the company and be well renowned among the members.

What do I have to do to get there?

“CPD will greatly determine the future of the individual. Making plans, applying them, reviving
them are quite easier with the help of CPD. CPD helps to keep motivated and aware of the
workplace environment. It helps to realize what are needed to done for the betterment and
advancement. CPD helps to make log activities of what are needed to be done to achieve the
position that I desired. It focuses on excelling the performance boosting up public confidence. To
be a president I needed to have knowledge about the IT sector in detail, work with expertise and
professional for some years, achieve higher grade in IT related sectors. CPD helps to have plan
details about the career goals and ways for the improvement which aids to achieve the targeted
goals. Hence, working hard and as per schedule will surely bring success and can achieve the
goal.
When should I review progress?

CPD helps to review the work progress after working with all the planned procedures. It helps to
get upgrade with our status and various opportunities that I used in order to come to a certain

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level. CPD assisted to get recognize or acknowledge with the circumstances where I had poorly
performed and helped to get the solutions to trounce the problems occurred.
A development plan that outlines responsibilities, performance objectives and required
skills, knowledge and learning for own future goals.

Development Plan
The development plan is a written document indicating the steps to be taken to achieve future
goals. It is a very important part for those who want to achieve something in life because it
breaks a large project into a smaller, more manageable form. In the planning of the work can see
where I am now? Where do I want to be How do I get there? Those things that we write and try
to achieve in a certain time in our lives.
Since I recently worked for an IT company as an IT officer. And it is great experience of
working with different people. I have many plans which are related to the future which helps me
to achieve my goal.

Responsibilities and Performance

There are certain responsibilities which are needed to be carried on, objectives which were to be
met and skills that are needed being an IT officer. I work as an IT officer, but my mind suddenly
changes
And I plan to become a network administrator.
Basically, the network administrator is the person who manages an updated computer network
for the organization. If I become a network administrator, I will have many responsibilities and I
need to demonstrate performance also. The main responsibility is to install, update, maintain and
repair a computer network and system in the organization. Network monitoring and system to
improve performance.

NIKESH OJHA(HND/FIRST SEMESTER) Page 49

And other goals, skills, time required, gain knowledge and involved people who are the part of
my future goal this is to become network administrators are listed in table below:
Goal Skilled Source Time Required Involved people
Required
Completing my Problem Solving Institute, Teacher 3 years Teacher,
Bachelor Degree Colleagues

To complete Communication Company where 2 years Friends, senior

An internship Skill I work for and staff
experience
Be a system Voluntary Company and 3 years Company staff
Manager Certified, institute and friends
Experience
Network Depth Professors, 3 years Mentors,
Administrator knowledge of Experienced friends ,family
computer system, people and senior.
technical mind,
critical thinker,
interpersonal
skills, good
experienced

Conclusion
In this way, I discussed the importance of CPD and contributing of CPD in my own learning,
which helps me a lot and I think that everyone should use it. In the absence of CPD, our life will
be carried out in another way where we cannot find destination. Therefore, it is very important to
use in our daily life for a better future. Furthermore, I have planned future goals. As I mentioned

NIKESH OJHA(HND/FIRST SEMESTER) Page 50

earlier, I want to become a network administrator and with the help of the development plan. It is
easily to achieve our with the help of development plan.

Section 2
Conduct some research into motivational theories and illustrate how they can be used to improve
employee performance. Compare a number of theories and present your findings.
Compare and contrast different motivational theories and the impact they can have on
performance within the workplace.

Introduction

“Motivation can be broadly defined as the forces acting on or within a person that cause the
arousal, direction, and persistence of goal-directed, voluntary effort and Motivational theory is
thus concerned with the processes that explain why and how human behavior is activated.”
“There are different motivational theories which are used to discover what takes the people to
work towards positive result i.e. achieving objectives. Different motivation theories are devised
that motivate an individual in workplace to excel the performance. The two most renowned and
reputed motivational theories are Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory and Maslow’s Hierarchy of
Needs.”
In this part, I have discussed about the similarities and differences between Maslow’s Hierarchy
of Needs Theory and Herzberg’s Two Factory Theory also emphasizing the impacts they bring
on performance with in the workplace.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory

The founder of this Hierarchy of Needs Theory is Abraham Maslow. “Maslow's hierarchy of
needs is a motivational theory in psychology comprising a five-tier model of human needs, often
depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid. Needs lower down in the hierarchy must be
satisfied before individuals can attend to needs higher up. From the bottom of the hierarchy

NIKESH OJHA(HND/FIRST SEMESTER) Page 51

upwards, the needs are: physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem and self-actualization.”
(McLeod, 2018)

Physiological Needs:
“Physiological needs are the most important needs as they include the survival needs. They are
the fundamental needs and comprise of air, water, food, clothing and shelter. These needs are
necessary for the life to operate or life to run.”
Safety Needs:
“Safety needs come after the physiological needs. It comprise of environmental, physical and
emotional safety and protection. Basically for the fulfillment of these needs, money is required.”

Social Needs:
Social needs are the next important which comes after the physiological and safety needs. As
human being is a social animal, they live in a society and require friendship, relationships, family
and belongingness.

NIKESH OJHA(HND/FIRST SEMESTER) Page 52

Esteem Needs:

Once the basic needs are met, the requirements of esteem needs become important to the
individual. Once the individual satisfactorily satisfies his need for love and belonging, he/she can
begin to develop positive feelings of self-esteem. The esteem needs are for a higher position
within a group and to promote pride in their work and in themselves as individuals. These
include self-esteem, respect, achievement, trust, recognition and achievement.

Self-actualization Needs:

Self-Actualization needs are higher level needs of human beings. These needs include the desire
to achieve everything you possibly can and become the most that you can be. Self-actualization
is simply the individual's inspiration to change impression of self into reality.

Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory:

“This theory was proposed by Frederick Herzberg. It is also called as motivator- hygiene theory.
According to Herzberg’s there are some job factors that result in satisfaction while there are
other job factors that prevent dissatisfaction. The opposite of “Satisfaction” is “No satisfaction”
and the opposite of “Dissatisfaction” is “No Dissatisfaction”

The two categories of Herzberg’s two factor theory of motivation are:”

Hygiene Factor:

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“Herzberg called the demotivates hygiene factors because these are common factors in any work
environment, but if they are not present, or if the hygiene factors are in any way managed or
implemented improperly, they cause employees to be demotivated and disillusioned with their
jobs.” (Mayhew, 2018) “These factors can lead to dissatisfaction and a lack of motivation if they
are absent. Examples include salary, company policies, benefits, relationships with managers and
co-workers.”

Motivational Factor:
These factors yield positive satisfaction and are also called satisfiers. These factors motivate
employees to work harder Motivational factors include: recognition, sense of achievement,
growth and promotional opportunities, responsibility and meaningfulness of the work etc.

Comparison between Maslow’s and Herzberg’s Motivation Theory:

The similarities of the two motivational theories are given below:

 Both theories specify the criterion what factors motivates the people. Maslow presents
various Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg presents various motivational and hygiene
factors.”
 Hierarchical scale is used in both the theories which portray that in order to get into the
next level, previous level must be fully accomplished.”
 Lower level needs are the maintenance factors and higher level needs are the
motivational factors.
 “Environmental condition, employee attitudes and motivation influences both the
theories.”
 There are same criteria in both the theories i.e. physiological and safety needs of
Maslow’s are equivalent with the Herzberg’s hygiene factor.

NIKESH OJHA(HND/FIRST SEMESTER) Page 54

Contrast between Maslow’s and Herzberg’s Motivation Theory:

Difference between Maslow’s and Herzberg’s Motivation Theory are:

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory Herzberg’s Two Factor Motivation

There are five stages where one stage must be There are only two stages i.e. motivators and
accomplished for advancing into the next hygiene.”
stage.

“The order of needs in Maslow’s theory is “There is no sequence in order of needs.”

hierarchal.”

The main division of Maslow’s theory is The main division of Herzberg’s theory is
growth and deficiency needs.” Hygiene and Motivator needs.”

Maslow wrote his theory involving 3000 Herzberg wrote his theory by interviewing 200
unemployed people.” employees.”

Maslow’s theory is descriptive in nature.” “Herzberg’s theory is prescriptive in nature.”

Conclusion

“I have explained about the different motivational theories with their similarities and difference.
Motivation play vital role in daily life of individual or organization in order to encourage then to
achieve their goal. It also indicates that the person is doing hard work and trying to achieve goals

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in his/her life. Therefore, motivational theories have the task of exploring what an individual or
organization can do to work to achieve goals.”

Section 3

Write a report on the usage of CPD within organizations and what evidence would be required to
measure how effective this CPD is in helping employees achieve their goals while using their
time and resources effectively.
Evaluate a range of evidence criteria that is used as a measure for effective CPD.

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TITLE PAGE
“The usage of Continuous Professional Development within organizations”
Nikesh Ojha
13th Feb, 2020

NIKESH OJHA(HND/FIRST SEMESTER) Page 57

TERMS OF REFERENCE

“A Report Submitted in fulfillment of the Continuous Professional Development within

organizations”
Training and Development Manager, IT Company

NIKESH OJHA(HND/FIRST SEMESTER) Page 58

SUMMARY

“CPD should be used within the organization to achieve the goal of the organization. This report
aim is to provide the use of CPD within the origination with evidence which helps to achieve
goal. Also to justify the range of evidence criteria that is used as a measure for effective CPD.”

NIKESH OJHA(HND/FIRST SEMESTER) Page 59

Table of Contents

Introduction....................................................................................................61

Importance of CPD……………………………………………………………………………………………………………61

CPD record………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………62

Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..63

NIKESH OJHA(HND/FIRST SEMESTER) Page 60

Introduction

“In this part, I am going to explain about CPD, its importance and the evidence of criteria that I
used as a measure for effective CPD.”
Definition of CPD
“CPD means continuing professional development that is in the process of developing,
maintaining and documenting professional skills where these skills can be formally achieved
through courses or training or informal work or by observing others. It is the record of your
experience, learn and progress. It is also a way of recording and thinking about learning and
development. Most institutes and professional associations need to monitor their development
and professional development. Therefore, CPD is the ideas and techniques that help to manage
learning and growth.”

What is it for?
“CPD helps us manage our own development constantly. The main task is to help us keep record
of our progress, review and reflect on what we have learned. It keeps the records of the training
we have completed. It also helps to keep your eye on your goals.”

Importance of CPD
“In general, CPD is the process of planning and recording our learning on a daily basis, which
helps us to know our development. CPD can provide a deeper understanding of what it means to
be a professional, as well as a greater appreciation of impact of your business. CPD is absolutely
essential because it guarantees that you continue to be competent in your profession and it is a
continuous process that lasts throughout the professional career. It helps to be more effective at
work.”

NIKESH OJHA(HND/FIRST SEMESTER) Page 61

CPD Record

“While working in an IT company as an IT officer, there are approximately thirty people

working at different levels. The main task is to oversee and maintain computer network systems
of the organization. The main responsibility is to improve the functioning of computer systems
and to ensure that users benefit most. As described above, CPD helps us to review, think the
activity and recorded them in terms of learning outcomes and practical application of knowledge
obtained. Similarly, I have prepared accurate CPD record sheets to check and guide my learned
skills helping me to think about personal progress over time. It was very important to keep a
CPD record because it would be very difficult for me to work in a company with 30 other people
working with me, the average salary and the less functional security. So, to achieve higher salary
and better job security in IT, I planned and received training to get more knowledge and skills
that will help my upcoming Career. The CPD record is given below:”

SN Activity Date Description of Learning’s Future Actions

Work and
Reflections

1. 2019/02/01 - “Marketing” Not so Eagar to practice more in the

2019/05/15 effective future and try to get more
extroverts.”

2. 2019/02/16 - Computer and “Average” Networks, equipment and

2019/04/15 electronics skills maintenance of electronic systems
in a company will be established.”

3. 2019/06/10 - Networking” Very Teach some networking skills to

2019/08/20 Good” friends and college student.”

4. 2017/12/15 - Ethical Hacking” Excellent. Will become network

2018/01/02 Very administrator and applying a job

NIKESH OJHA(HND/FIRST SEMESTER) Page 62

 effective in the best top company of the US
and job on and keeping update about network
the high skills.”
post.”

Conclusion

In the end, I would say that CPD plays a vital role in the life of personal and professionals. It is
extremely important to keep your CPD record to check and see where it comes from, what new
changes are good, what learning and development is, and how effective it is. We face challenge
and problem in the workplace and compete with the other employee. Thus, CPD should be well
maintained in order to achieve the preset goals and objectives.

NIKESH OJHA(HND/FIRST SEMESTER) Page 63

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