Lines, Angles and Triangles

Angles
A shape formed by two rays sharing a
common endpoint; contains two rays
and a vertex
vertex—point common to two
rays of a triangle or two sides
of a polygon
ra
y
ray—has one endpoint and
goes infinitely in one direction
verte
x ra
y
Types of Angles
Acute angle: An angle whose measure
is greater than zero degrees and less
than 90 degrees

Which angles are not acute?

4
1

3
2 5
Types of Angles
Right angle: Angle that measures 90
degrees

Which angle is a right angle?

4
1

3
2 5
Types of Angles
Obtuse angle: One angle measures
greater than 90 degrees and less than
180 degrees

Which angle is an obtuse angle?

4
1

3
2 5
Straight Angle
Straight angle: A line that goes infinitely
in both directions and measures 180
degrees

Which is not a straight angle?

2
1

This is a ray. It only

goes in one direction.
Types of Triangles
Equilateral triangle: A triangle with
three congruent (equal) sides and
three equal angles

These marks indicate equality.

Types of Triangles
Isosceles triangle: A triangle with at
least two congruent (equal) sides
Types of Triangles
Right triangle: Has only one right angle
(90 degrees)

This box indicates a right

angle or a 90-degree angle.
Types of Triangles
Scalene triangle: A triangle that has no
congruent (equal) sides
Types of Triangles
Name each type of triangle

4
2

1
3
Types of Triangles
Name each type of triangle

Righ 4
t 2
Scalen
e
1
3

Equilateral Isoscele
s
Interior Angles
Interior angles: An interior angle (or
internal angle) is an angle formed by
two sides of a simple polygon that
share an endpoint

Interior angles of a triangle always

equal 180 degrees.
 Measuring Angles
You measure angles with a protractor.
Notice there are two scales. Be careful which 0 you start
at.

90
0

This This point

point is is 0.
0

This point goes at the vertex of the

angle
What These Symbols Mean

right parallel to each

angle other,
parallel but not parallel with
to the sides with only
each one arrow
other

same length same length as each

as each other, but not the same
other length as the sides
with
only one dash
 Congruent Triangles
Means all angles and sides same

e
a j
g

f
d
i
b
h

Which shapes are congruent? Rotate and see

 Some Simple Problems

8 4 b 6 3
0o 1o 2o 4o

3 a 5 c
0o 4o
a = 180 – (80+30) b = 180 – (54+41) c = 180 – (62+34)
= 70 = 85 = 84

x y z 7
14 9o q 5
1o 7o p
5
8o
x = 180 – 141 = 39
p = 180 – (90+57) = 33
y = 180 – (58+39) r
q = 57 (vertically
= 83
opposite
z = 180 – 83 = 97 angles are equal)
r = 180 – (79+57) = 44
Proof: Sum of Internal Angles

Add a line parallel to one of the sides

Alternate angles are equal The internal angles

are now on a
a straight line and
therefore must
add up to 180o

b
Corresponding angles are equal
Some More – Simple Problems

6 e
a 8o

c 4 1
6o 7o
b 3 d
9o
a = 180 – 90 = 90 d = 180 – (90+46) = 44
b = 180 – (90+39) = 51
Think big triangle
c = 180 – (90+68) = 22
e = 180 – (90+44+17) = 29
Complementary Angles
Two angles are complementary if they
add up to 90 degrees (a right angle).
Examples:
- 60 and 30 angles are complementary angles
- 80 and 10 angles are complementary angles
- 20 and 30 angles are not complementary
angles
Supplementary Angles
Two angles are supplementary if they
add up to 180 degrees. If a + b=180,
then a and b are supplementary angles.
Examples:
150 and 30 angles are supplementary angles
80 and 100 angles are supplementary angles
70 and 90 angles are not supplementary
angles
Now Some Additional Problems

Revision Worksheet : 07-01

Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-01

1. How many end-points does a line

segment have?
2
1
3
0
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-01

2. In the figure which angle is

adjacent to ∠1?
∠3
∠4
∠2
none of these
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-01

3. If a line is a transversal to three

lines, how many points of
intersections are there?
1
2
3
4
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-01

4. State the property that is used

below: If a || b, then ∠1 = ∠5.
Alternate interior angles
Pair of interior angles
Vertically opposite angles
Corresponding angles
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-01

5. When the sum of the measures of

two angles is 90°, the angles are called
___________.
Complimentary

6. _________
Adjacent angles have a common
vertex and a common arm but no
common interior
7. When two lines intersect, the
vertically opposite angles so formed are
_________.
Equal
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-01

8. Two lines l and m intersect if they

have a point in ________.
Common

9. When a transversal cuts two lines,

such that pairs of corresponding
angles are equal, then the lines have
to be _______.
Parallel
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-01

10. In the following figure, identify

the pairs of corresponding angles.

1 & 5, 2 & 6, 3 & 7 and 4 & 8

Now Some Additional Problems

Revision Worksheet : 07-02

Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-02

1. How many end-points does a line

have?
no
1
2
3
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-02

2. In the following figure which angle

is adjacent to ∠AOC?
∠DOB
∠BOE
∠COE
none of these
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-02

3. If a line is a transversal to two

lines, how many points of
intersections are there?
1
3
2
4
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-02

4. State the property that is used

below. If ∠4 = ∠6, then a || b.
corresponding angles
alternate interior angles
vertically opposite angles
pair of interior angle
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-02

5. Whenever two angles are

complementary, each angle is said to
be the __________
Compliment
of the other
angle.
Supplementary angle
6. A ________________ is a pair of
adjacent angles whose non-common
sides are opposite rays.
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-02

7. If we fail to do the same

mathematical operation on both sides
of a balanced equation, the balance is
________.
lost

8. A line that intersects two or more

lines at distinct points is called a
transversal line
___________.
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-02

9. When a transversal cuts two lines,

Corresponding angles
such that pairs of ______________
are equal, the lines have to be
parallel.
10. In the figure, identify the pairs of
alternate interior angles.
2 & 8 and 3 & 5
That is Very GoodLet Us Look
at the Next Set

Revision Worksheet : 07-03

Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-03

1. How many end points does a ray

have?
1
2
3
0
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-03

2. In the following figure which angle

is vertically opposite to ∠4?
∠2
∠1
∠3
∠5
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-03

3. If a line is a transversal to one line,

how many points of intersections are
there?
3
2
1
4
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-03

4. State the property that is used

below. If ∠4 + ∠5 = 180°,
then a || b.
alternate interior angles
pair of interior angle
vertically opposite angles
corresponding angles
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-03

5. The complement of angle 30° is

____.
60°

6. The angles in a linear pair are

Supplementary
_____________.
7. If we fail to do the same
mathematical operation on both sides
of a balanced equation, the balance is
________.
Lost
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-03

8. When a transversal cuts two lines,

such that pairs of interior angles on
the same side of the transversal are
Supplementary
___________, the lines have to be
parallel.
Excellent !!!Let Us Look at the
Next Set

Revision Worksheet : 07-04

Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-04

1. If we extend the two end points in

either direction endlessly, we get a
_______.
line
line segment
ray
None of these
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-04

2. In the following figure what is the

vertically opposite angle of ∠5?
∠4
∠2 + ∠3
∠2
∠3
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-04

3. If two parallel lines are cut by a

transversal, each pair of
___________ are equal.
vertically opposite angles
adjacent angles
alternate interior angles
none of these
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-04

4. What is n in n/5 = 7/15 ?

3/7
75/7
21
7/3
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-04

5. When two angles are

supplementary, each angle is said to
be the ___________
supplement
of the other.
6. A pair of supplementary angles
form a ___________
Linear pair
when placed
adjacent to each other.
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-04

7. If we fail to do the same

mathematical operation on both sides
of a balanced equation, the balance is
________.
Lost

8. Alternate interior angles have

different vertices are on opposite
Transversal
sides of the ___________ and lie
‘between’ the two parallel lines.
Additional ProblemsFrom Revision
Worksheet 07-04

9. In the following figure, identify the

vertically opposite angles.

1 & 3, 2 & 4, 5 & 7, 6 & 8