___________________________________________________________________

TLE GRADE 8 COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING (CSS)

QUARTER 1, WEEK 1 Module 1

PERSONAL ENTREPRENEURIAL
COMPETENCIES - PECs

Learning Competency:

Competencies and Skills (PECs) needed in Recognize Personal

Entrepreneurial Computer Systems Servicing TLE_PECS7-12-00-1

Address: D. Macapagal Highway, Poblacion, Toledo City

Tel. No.: (032) 322-7770; Fax. No.: (032) 467-8629;
Email Address: [email protected]

Mini-Lesson
Entrepreneurship has brought great success to some, but it's not a career path for all. The key to
succeed in a small business enterprise is your entrepreneurial ability to produce the desired results. Before
embarking on your first business, it's worth spending some time evaluating your own preparedness for
entrepreneurship.

Entrepreneurial competencies refer to the important characteristics that should be possessed by an

individual in order to perform entrepreneurial functions effectively. In this module, you will learn some of
the most important characteristics, attributes, lifestyle, skills and traits of a successful entrepreneur or an
employee to be successful in a chosen career.

Important Entrepreneurial Traits

1. Hard working: If you are determined to run your own business, you must concentrate on your
work either as a producer or a seller. The success of your business depends on how much time
and effort you will spend on it.
2. Self- Confidence: You must have a strong faith in your ability despite the problems that you will
encounter along the way.
3. Future-Oriented: Once a person enters in a line of business, you must understand that you are in
a non-stop contract that an entrepreneur should understand. It may take several years to build up a
business to a reasonable standard. The goal for most successful business people is to build a
secure job and stable income for themselves based on their own ability.
4. Profit-Oriented: When you enter into the world of business, obviously, you are looking for income
because you know that this will be your bread and butter not only for you but also for your family.
Therefore, you must see to it the business can generate income. Another plan of action is to
expand your own business through the use of your generated income.
5. Goal-Oriented: An entrepreneur is forward looking. You have an advanced preparation for your
business. You set a long-term goal for the activities that are needed, an extensive preparation for
the production process and procedures that you need to go through to acquire, human and non-
human resources. Everything in your business will have to be set clearly, organized, and planned
depending on the goal you want to achieve.
6. Persistence: Differences in opinion and judgment. Your opponent can be a part of the rejection on
what you intend to do for your endeavor. As an entrepreneur, you must be firm, strong-willed, and
stick or follow your own belief.
7. Copes with Failure: “Learn from your mistakes”. As an entrepreneur, you must learn how to deal
with the frustrations and failures instead, turn these into productive learning experiences.
8. Responds to Feedback or Open to Feedback: You must be concerned to know how well you are
doing and keep track of your performance. You must obtain useful feedback and advice from
others.
9. Take the Initiative: A successful entrepreneur takes the initiative. You must put yourself in a
position where you personally are responsible for the failure or success of your business.
10. Willing to Listen: Take time to listen to the advice, suggestions, and recommendations of fellow
entrepreneurs. It will help your business grow.
11. Set your Own Standards: This involves developing and using logical, step-by-step plans to reach
the goals, or offering evaluation alternatives, monitoring progress, and switching to successful
strategies for the goal you want to achieve. To be a successful entrepreneur you must take into
consideration that sales and production depend on your own standards.
12. Copes with Uncertainty: Pursue your vision to be a successful entrepreneur, you should know
how to handle unusual events that may happen in the business which include problems in
managing the workers, problems on the delivery of goods and services, and the problems on
demand and production. You must be patient in dealing with these uncertainties.
13. Committed: You should know that in your business, personal needs, attachment to your friends,
families and relatives are set aside. You must separate the money for your business from the
amount that you need to spend for personal obligations and lifestyles.
14. Builds on Strengths: Successful business people base their work on strengths. Use your manual
skills, knowledge in creating products or services, knowledge in trade and industry, ability to make
and use of a wide network of contacts to build your business.
15. Reliable and has Integrity: An entrepreneur must build a good reputation, possess the courage to
do the right thing, do what you say, walk your talk, be loyal, and be fair in dealing with the
subordinates and costumers.
 16. Risk-Taker: Risk sometimes cannot be anticipated. When misfortunes happen, consider these as
challenges and work them out and set good alternatives. Risks may result to loss of your business
or even bankruptcy.

Here are your guides on how to strengthen your own PECs.

1. React positively to criticisms and open to feedback.
2. Always demonstrate positive attitude to achieve a desired goal.
3. Always project strong and well-balanced behaviour.
4. Always exercise the assertive style in your work environment.
5. Avoid being too passive and too aggressive.
6. Don’t let anyone worsen your business life.
7. Prioritize your business goal rather than personal goal in order to become a successful
entrepreneur.
8. Acquire specific skills for creating and maintaining a conducive work environment.
9. Be responsible in everything you do in your business.
10. Always observe business ethics in putting up a business.

ACTIVITY 1

What I Have Valued

Directions: From the given chart below, write at least four techniques on how you would strengthen your
own PECs. Write the PECs that you feel that you still need to focus on to strengthen these. Write
answer in notebook.

Example: SELF-CONFIDENCE
 Self-
Confiden
ce

ACTIVITY 2

MULTIPLE CHOICE

Directions: Read and understand each question carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.
Write answers in notebook/

1. Statement 1. React positively to criticisms and open to feedback. Statement 2. Always project
strong and well-balanced behavior.
A. Only statement 1 is true C. Both statements are true
B. Only statement 2 is true D. Both statements are false
2. Statement 1. Prioritize your business goal rather than personal goal in order to become a
successful entrepreneur.
Statement 2. Always let anyone worsen your business life.
A. Only statement 1 is true C. Both statements are true B. Only statement
2 is true D. Both statements are false 3. Statement 1. Be responsible in everything you do in
your business.
Statement 2. Never observe business ethics in putting up a business. A. Only statement 1
is true C. Both statements are true
B. Only statement 2 is true D. Both statements are false

4. Statement 1. Always be too passive and too aggressive.

Statement 2. Do not acquire specific skills for creating and maintaining a conducive work environment.
A. Only statement 1 is true C. Both statements are true B. Only
statement 2 is true D. Both statements are false 5. Statement 1. Always
demonstrate positive attitude to achieve a desired goal. Statement 2. Always exercise the
assertive style in your work environment. A. Only statement 1 is true C. Both
statements are true
B. Only statement 2 is true D. Both statements are false
6. Statement 1. The goal for most successful business people is to build a secure job and stable income
for themselves based on their own ability.
Statement 2. An entrepreneur is forward looking.
A. Only statement 1 is true C. Both statements are true
B. Only statement 2 is true D. Both statements are false
7. Statement 1. The key to succeed in a small business enterprise is your entrepreneurial ability to
produce the desired results.
Statement 2. Entrepreneurship is a career path for all.
A. Only statement 1 is true C. Both statements are true B. Only statement 2 is true
D. Both statements are false
8. What does PECs stands for?
A. Personal Entrepreneur Competencies
B. Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies
C. Personally Entrepreneur Competent
D. Personal Entrepreneurial Competent
9. This trait states that, your opponent can be a part of the rejection on what you intend to do for your
endeavour.
A. Copes with failure C. Profit-oriented
B. Hard working D. Persistence
10. This trait states that, as an entrepreneur you must see to it the business can generate income. Another
plan of action is to expand your own business through the use of your generated income.
A. Self-confidence C. Goal-oriented
B. Profit-oriented D. Willing to listen
11. As an entrepreneur, you take time to listen to the advice, suggestions, and recommendations of fellow
entrepreneurs. It will help your business grow.
A. Willing to listen C. Copes with uncertainty
B. Committed D. Take the initiative
12. An entrepreneur must build a good reputation, possess the courage to do the right thing, do what you
say, walk your talk, be loyal, and be fair in dealing with the subordinates and costumers.
A. Risk-taker C. Reliable and has integrity
B. Builds on strength D. Set your own standards
13. As an entrepreneur, You must be concerned to know how well you are doing and keep track of your
performance. You must obtain useful feedback and advice from others.
A. Take the initiative C. Willing to listen
B. Responds to feedback D. Committed
14. It refers to the important characteristics that should be possessed by an individual in order to perform
entrepreneurial functions effectively.
A. Attitude C. Traits
B. Skills D. Entrepreneurial competencies
15. In order for you to succeed in your chosen business/career, you must have a strong faith in your ability
despite the problems that you will encounter along the way.
A. Future-oriented C. Persistence B. Self-confidence D. Builds on strengths

___________________________________________________________________

ENVIRONMENT AND MARKET (EM)

Learning Competency:
 Recognize and understand the market in computer systems servicing
TLE_EM7-12-00-1

MINI-LESSON
Marketing is the process of continuously and profitably satisfying target customer’s need, wants and
expectations superior to competition.

A Market is composed of people or organizations that have the need, have the ability, the willingness, and
the authority to pay for their purchase.

A Target Market is a group of customers within a business's serviceable available market at which a
business aims its marketing efforts and resources.Target Market typically consists of consumers who
exhibit similar characteristics (such as age, location, income or lifestyle) and are considered most likely to
buy a business's market offerings or are likely to be the most profitable segments for the business to
service.

Marketing concepts relate to the philosophy a business use to identify and fulfill the needs of its
customers, benefiting both the customer and the company. Same philosophy cannot result in a gain to
every business, hence different businesses use different marketing concepts (also called marketing
management philosophies).

Five (5) Concepts of Marketing

1. Production Concept. During the era of the production concept, businesses were concerned
primarily with production, manufacturing, and efficiency issues. Companies that use the
production concept have the belief that customers primarily want products that are affordable and
accessible.The production concept is based on the approach that a company can increase supply
as it decreases its costs. Moreover, the production concept highlights that a business can lower
costs via mass production.
2. Product Concept.This concept works on an assumption that customers prefer products of greater
quality and price and availability doesn’t influence their purchase decision. And so company
develops a product of greater quality which usually turns out to be expensive.
3. Selling Concept.The selling concept highlights that customers would buy a company’s products
only if the company were to sell these products aggressively. This philosophy doesn’t include
building relations with the customers. This means that repeated sales are rare, and customer
satisfaction is not great.
4. Marketing Concept. A company that believes in the marketing concept places the consumer at
the center of the organization. All activities are geared towards the consumer. A business, aims
to understand the needs and wants of a customer. It executes the marketing strategy according to
market research beginning from product conception to sales.By focusing on the needs and wants
of a target market, a company can deliver more value than its competitors.
5. Societal Marketing Concept.This is a relatively new marketing concept. While the societal
marketing concept highlights the needs and wants of a target market and the delivery of better
 value than its competitors, it also emphasizes the importance of the well-being of customers
and society as a whole (consumer welfare or societal welfare).

Marketing Creates Value for Customers

According to the influential economist and Harvard Business School professor Theodore Levitt, the
purpose of all business is to “find and keep customers.” Marketing is instrumental in helping businesses
achieve this purpose and is much more than just advertising and selling products and collecting money.
Marketing generates value by creating the connections between people and products, customers and
companies.
How does this happen? Boiled down to its essence, the role of marketing is to identify, satisfy,
and retain customers.
Before you can create anything of value, first you must identify a want or need that you can
address, as well as the prospective customers who possess this want or need.
Next, you work to satisfy these customers by delivering a product or service that addresses these
needs at the time customers want it. Key to customer satisfaction is making sure everyone feels they
benefit from the exchange. Your customer is happy with the value they get for what they pay. You are
happy with the payment you receive in exchange for what you provide.
Effective marketing doesn’t stop there. It also needs to retain customers by creating new
opportunities to win customer loyalty
and business.

Types of Customers from a Sales Perspective

1. Potential Customer is a type of customer that is on the very beginning of your sales funnel.
Technically, it is not your customer yet. However, you should give them the full treatment and
hopefully change that quickly.
2. New Customer is the fresh customer that just bought something from you. He is still learning
the ropes of using your product. You need to do everything in your power to make that adoption
period smooth.
3. Impulsive Customer is the type of customer that can make a buying decision in an instant,
provided that the conditions are right.
4. Discount Customeris the type of customer that sees value in your product but won’t buy it at full price
your product to this type of Upsellin customer is nearly impossible.
5. Loyal Customeris a type ofg customer that keeps on coming back for more. Apart from
having a significant impact on your revenue, this customer will be also your brand’s ambassador.
Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty

Customer satisfaction comes after trial of the product/service, while customer loyalty comes after the
repeat purchase. While customer satisfaction is a prerequisite for customer loyalty, it is not guaranteed, as
competition may also try to offer value to the same customers.

ANSWER THIS!

Directions: Describe the pictures shown below. What might be the reasons why Picture A has a lot of
customers and why Picture B has no customers? Write your answer in your activity notebook.

Picture A

Picture B

Learning Competency:

Develop a product/service in computer

systems servicing
TLE_EM7 -12 -00 -4

Mini-Lesson
The 4Ps of marketing is a model for enhancing the components of your "marketing mix" – the way in
which you take a new product or service to market. It helps you to define your marketing options in terms
of price, product, promotion, and place so that your offering meets a specific customer need or demand.
Value Proposition is the combining of product and price, two of the 4Ps of marketing. It offers how your
product or service can benefit the target market (brand relevance) as well as define its uniqueness (brand
differentiation). Value proposition has to be planned carefully as 2 out of 3 new products will no longer be
in the market within 3 years.
PRODUCT
Good products exist to satisfy the needs and wants of the target market. When these products address
trends in customers’ lifestyles and preferences better than its substitutes, they can become the top brands
in their respective classes.
3 Types of Products
 1. Durables – products which have a long interval between repeat purchases because of their long-
lasting nature. Examples: Cars, TV, Laptop
2. Non-durables – products which have stronger repeat purchase because they are consumable.
Examples: Detergents, Processed meats
3. Services – products which are essentially intangible because there are no physical items involved.
Examples: Training services, Computer repair services
NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
2 Factors to consider in New Product Development
1. Internal which looks at the company’s objectives and resources
2. External which looks at the customer’s needs and wants
New Product Development Process

Product Criteria

Idea Generation

Idea Screening

Business Analysis

Prototype Development

Market Test

Full Commercialization

1. Product Criteria define the kinds of products a firm will be selling, or won’t be selling. This
in turn, defines the business in the future. The marketer should identify their relevant strengths,
which will form the basis fordeveloping the product criteria.
2. Idea Generation pain ponts of the customers and consumers are a good source of new
product or new service ideas. What are their irritants and annoyances that can be addressed in a
novel way? What don’t they like with their existing solution? Do they have a wish list? A compelling
new product must be able to empower consumers and customers to say, “Now, I can…”, adding
something they couldn’t do in the past. The higer the irritants and annoyances, the more the new
product or service can be widely acceptable in the marketplace.
3. Idea Screening procedures are needed to eliminate ideas generated with poor or low
potential, and allow those with superior potential to go further.
4. Business Analysis stage is like an extension of the idea screening stage, defining more
parameters before an actual product prototype will be assembled.
5. Prototype Development The ultimate question to be answered during this stage is, “Can
the new product deliver the benefit promised?” Marketers must know the basic as well as the
motivating features of a product. If a feature is not important to your target customers, then it
should not be given importance either.
6. Market Test and Full Commercialization Products that pass the prototype development
must be exposed to a portion of the actual customers within a realistic market environment. This is
the learning and finetuning period. Afterwards, the total offering will be tested in the market to
ensure that all dimensions are working together and in the way that the marketer assumed they
would. There is no specific guidline as to the exact duration of market testing. However, two
important points will help the marketer decide to end the test and go into full commercialization.
These are when the confidence level in the test marketing result is high, or when the risk factor for
full commercialization is low.
PRICE
Price is the twin component of product quality, which, when combined, make up what is called product
value or value proposition. Product value is assembled first before marketing programs are formulated.
Pricing has the dual marketing function of making products affordable to its target market and at the same
time, reflecting the value of the product. The price charged for a product or service, therefore, should be no
more than the sum of the values of the benefits it provides to its customers.
UNIQUE SELLING PROPOSITION (USP)
Competition is the natural order in business, especially for ecommerce brands where it’s not just your local
competitors that you need to worry about.

Customers are overwhelmed with options, and they want to quickly understand what makes one product or
brand different than another. Knowing the right way to position yourself and your products can mean the
difference between standing out and blending in.
That’s why it’s crucial for all entrepreneurs to understand how to identify a unique selling proposition
(USP) to help guide your branding and marketing decisions.

A unique selling proposition, more commonly referred to as a USP, is the one thing that makes your
business better than the competition. It’s a specific benefit that makes your business stand out when
compared to other businesses in your market.

Forming an opinionated and deliberate USP helps focus your marketing strategy and influences
messaging, branding, copywriting, and other marketing decisions. At its core, a USP should quickly answer
a potential customer’s most immediate question when they encounter your brand, “What makes you
different from the competition?”

A compelling USP should be:

 Assertive, but defensible: A specific position that forces you to make a case against
competing products is more memorable than a generic stance, like “we sell high-quality products.”
 Focused on what your customers value: “Unique” won’t count for much if it’s not
something your target customers truly care about.
 More than a slogan: While a slogan is one way your USP can be communicated, it’s also
something that you can embody in other areas of your business, from your return policy to your
supply chain. You should be able to talk the talk and walk the walk.

Learning Competency:
USING AND MAINTAINING HAND
TOOLS (UHT)

MINI-LESSON
A tool is a handheld device that aids in accomplishing tasks. As a learner you are expected to be familiar in
identifying and selecting hand tools according to the task requirements and increase awareness in
addressing hand tool safety concerns.

Classification of Hardware Tools

In conducting computer repairs, it is very important to have a toolkit that contains all the necessary tools.
Computer Hardware tools are categories into four:
1) Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) tools
2) Hand tools
3) Cleaning tools
 4) Diagnostic tools
1) ESD Tools prevents the sudden flow of electricity to avoid damage to
your computer components and parts.
Anti-static strap – usually worn on your wrist to
prevent the occurrence of ESD.

Anti-static mat – used to stand on or place

har dware

Anti-static spray – can be applied on floors, walls, ceilings, tools,

equipment, and work spaces

toprevent building up of ESD

2) Hand Toolsis used in the performing task like computer assembly and
computer repair, this tools are manually operated by hand and are
available individually or as part of a computer repair toolkit. Toolkits
range widely in size, quality, and price.
Flat head screwdriver is a hand tool used for
tightening and loosening slotted screws, has a flat
we dge shape tip

Philips head screwdriver is a hand tool for

tightening and loosening cross head screws

Torx screwdriver isused for loosening or

tightening screws with a star-like depression at the
end, a function often seen on a laptop.

Hex driveris sometimes referred to as a nut driver,

it is used to tighten nuts just like a screwdriver
tightens screws

Needle- nose plier (Also known as long- nose

pliers) characterized by long, tapering jaws of equal length. Used for holding
small portions.

Tweezers are tools used for picking up objects too

small to be easily handled with human hands.
Wire cutter is used for stripping and cutting wires.
Flashlight is used to light up areas that you
cannot see well.
Part retriever is used to retrieve screws, jumpers,
fasteners, and other parts and prevents them from
getting mixed.
3) Cleaning Toolsare essentials when maintaining and repairing
computers. Using the appropriate cleaning tools helps ensure that
computer components are not damaged during cleaning.
 Lint-free cloth is a special type of cleaning cloth that wipes off dust and
other types of unwanted
ele ments from computer parts without scratchingor
leaving debris on them

Computer Duster – softly brushes away dust from

computer parts. This is commonly used for
clea ning computer keyboard.

Compressed air is a product used for cleaning or

dusting electronic equipment and other sensitive

devi ces that cannot be cleaned using water.

Cable ties are used to organize all kinds of cables,

like those used with a computer, an entertainment
system, or in a network.

Parts organizer is a type of storage box featuring

sm all compartments for sorting components like
screws, nails, bolts, washers etc.

4) Diagnostic Tools are used to test and diagnose equipment.

Multimeter- An electronic tool used to measure

voltage, amps and resistance across circuits. By

attachi ng two leads to different parts of an electrical system, learners can use
multimeter to
detect voltage and resistance levels, or changes in
electrical currents.
Loopback Adapter is also called a loopback plug, used to test the basic
functionality of computer ports.

Checking of Hand Tools

Once selected, use the tool for the purpose for which it was designed. Not
all tools come with detailed instructions, but there are those that do spell out
the safety Do’s and Don’ts for your safety. If there are set-up/use options, operator judgment must always
be based on what is the safest way to use the tool.

Identifying Unsafe or Faulty Tools

Environmental Safety and Health Program requires the following:
1. All tools be kept in good condition with regular maintenance
2. The right tool be used for the job
3. Each tool be examined before use AND damaged or defective tools NOT to be used
4. Tools be operated according to manufacturer’s instructions
5. The right protective equipment for the tool and activity be used
 WHAT’S MORE

Direction: Match items on Column A- Task with the appropriate hand tools by selecting items in Column B-
Hand Tools.

ANSWER THIS!

Multiple Choice

Direction. Read and understand each question carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following tools is used for tightening and loosening slotted screws?
A. anti - static mat
B. flat head screwdriver
C. hex driver
D. wire cutter
2. When getting parts that are too small for your hand to fit in what tool should be used?
A. cable ties
B. lint free cloth
 C. part retriever
D. wire cutter
3. What tool is used in removing cross-head screws in the system unit?
A. anti-static wrist strap
B. cable ties
C. philips head screwdriver
D. wire cutter
4. Which of the following tools is used for stripping and cutting wires?
A. cable ties
B. hex driver
C. parts organizer
D. wire cutter
5. Before using hand tools in performing pc assembly and disassembly, which of the following should
be considered?
A. Check defective hand tools to be used
B. Examine and clean the hand tools
C. Never use Personal Protective Equipment
D. Select faulty hand tools
6. Which of the following computer hardware is used to prevent ESD?
A. anti-static strap
B. compressed air
C. lookback adaptor
D. multimeter
7. There are different tools needed in repairing computer, which of the following categories does
parts retriever, screw driver, wire cutter and long nose plier belongs?
A. Cleaning tools
B. Diagnostic tools
C. Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) tools
D. Hand tools
8. Which of the following hand tools also known as nut driver?
A. flat screw driver
B. hex driver
C. parts retriever
D. philip screw driver
9. Which of the following tools does NOT belong to cleaning tools?
A. anti-static wrist strap
B. cable ties
C. lint free cloth
D. parts organizer
10. When cleaning computer system unit, which of the following tools is best used to blow away dust in
components?
A. compressed air
B. lint free cloth
C. hex driver
D. wire cutter
 Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII – CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY