2018 First International Conference on Secure Cyber Computing and Communication (ICSCCC)

Smart Automatic Control and Monitor Water

Purification Using Wireless Sensor System
Bhupesh B. Lonkar Rajesh T. Nakhate Manoj R. Sayankar
Department of Information Technology Department of Information Technology Department of Computer
(Assistant Professor) (Assistant Professor) Engineering
Datta Meghe Institute of Engineering, Datta Meghe Institute of Engineering, (Assistant Professor)
Technology & Research, Sawangi Technology & Research, Sawangi Bapurao Deshmukh college of
Wardha, India Wardha, India Engineering, Sewagram
[email protected] [email protected] Wardha, India
[email protected]

Abstract -Water is most important substance on the earth. II. SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Water is resource consumed by human, animal and plants for
its survival. The most of the water has stored in river, pond A. TSD-10 Turbidity Sensor
and tank. The quality of stored water is major issue in day to
day life. It affects the health of human being. The design model
has worked on the wireless sensors system to find out the
quality measures of water. It implements PH, Turbidity,
ultrasonic and temperature sensors for providing good quality
of water in tank. The system connects with the microcontroller
to take the inputs from the sensors and controller to perform
the operation on given inputs. Server will received the
information to server and send to the client system for further
taking action.
Fig. 1. TSD-10 Turbidity Sensor
Keyword- Turbidity, PH, ultrasonic, arduino
The basic principle of sensor worked on the rays of light
I. INTRODUCTION is penetrated through water. The amount of rays is reduced
Over the previous decade, water quality monitoring has when it passed through water. Then the sensor will calculate
been broadly utilized as a part of numerous nations known to how much percentage of soil is present in the water. The
have major issues identified with ecological Contamination. amount of light is decreased then the amount of soil is
The drinking water is more valuable for all the individuals. increases. In Fig. 1 the turbidity sensor has measured the
Now a day’s water quality monitoring continuously major actual transmitted light to find the turbidity of clean water.
challenges as a result of an unnatural weather change, [4]
restricted water assets, developing population, and so on. The calculated values of turbidity sensor are applied to
Henceforth, there is a need of growing better approaches to washer controller, which take the decision on how much time
screen the water quality parameters progressively, in India each provide to run all the cycles. The final calculated
among 77 million individuals is enduring due to not having measurement is based on pure water (before taking wash
safe water. As per the survey of WHO (World Health cycle) and turbidity process water. [5] The washing machine
Organization), the water in the country may not be better an can decide how much of energy is consumed in terms of
alarming 80% of India surface water is polluted, a latest light for measuring turbidity of clean water. This process will
assessment by Water Aid an international organization save the energy and it more beneficial for people.
working for water sanitation and hygiene shows. [1]
B. pH Sensor
For example, broke down oxygen (O2), conductivity, pH,
The water measurement and control is depending on pH
turbidity and temperature thought to be checked
level. The pH level of water has shown how much it acidic
continuously. The conventional techniques for water quality
or basic (alkaline). In Fig. 2 The pH measurement translates
screen include the manual gathering of water test from
the values of the hydrogen ion (range between 1 and 10x -
various areas. [2]
14 gram equivalents per liter).The large concentration of
These water tests utilized in the research laboratories for hydrogen ions, it shown the solution is more acidic and the
the expository innovations. Such methodologies are tedious low pH value it ranges from 0, 1, or 2(10 x 0, 10 x -1, or 10 x
and didn't really to be viewed as efficient. In addition, the -2 gram-equivalents per liter). The high pH value, (such as
momentum strategies incorporate investigation of different 12, 13, or 14) has basic solution which relates to a small
sorts of parameters of water quality, for example, physical number of hydrogen ions (10 x -12, 10 x -13, or 10 x -14
and compound. In this framework the deliberate information gram-equivalents per liter). [8] The neutral water has a pH
of water quality checking sensors are gathered by the value around 7. A pH sensor consist of three parameters,
information pack which offers information to the preparing which contain a measuring electrode, a reference electrode,
unit through GSM modem. [3] and a temperature sensor. In pH sensor, it measures a battery
where the positive node is the measuring electrode and the
negative node is the reference electrode. For the development
of potential

978-1-5386-6373-8/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE 238

Authorized licensed use limited to: Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC). Downloaded on August 29,2022 at 04:18:19 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2018 First International Conference on Secure Cyber Computing and Communication (ICSCCC)

Fig. 2. pH sensor

voltage, the measuring electrode is concentrate to the Fig. 3. Temperature Sensor LM35
hydrogen ion of solution. The Stable potential voltage can
provide by reference electrode against measuring electrode. In Fig. 3 at room temperature does not need any
The reference electrode potential does not change even if peripheral calibration. It maintains a correctness of +/-0.4°C
the hydrogen ion concentrations change. The reference and +/-0.8°C over a range of 0°C to +100°C. The
electrode is contact with sample solution and measure characteristic of LM35 is it flow 60 μA from its supply and
electrode voltage through for complete the circuit. For the gain minimum self-heating capacity. The availability of
correction of output from measuring electrode, the LM35 temperature sensor is offered in several different
temperature sensor is used in the analyzer or transmitter packages (like T0-46 metal transistor, TO-92 plastic
software. The Combination of pH electrode device is used to transistor, SO-8 small outline package).
connect pH sensor components. The measuring electrode is D. Ultrasonic Sensor
coated with glass and it is easily broken. Solid state sensor is
In Fig. 4 By using sound wave, the Ultrasonic sensor
recently developed in replacement of glass. The preamplifier
measure the distance of the object. At specific frequency it
is a device of signal-conditioning which takes the high-
measure the distance by sending sound wave and bounce it
impedance pH electrode signal and convert into impedance
back. To measure the gone time between sound wave being
signal; it can be accepted by analyzer or transmitter. The
generated and bounce it back. The ultrasonic sensor measure
preamplifier process is strengthens and stabilizes the signal,
the distance between object and sonar sensor.
creating it less liable to electrical noise. [10]
The speed of sound wave travels through air is 344 m/s
The sensor's displayed the electrical signal value. It
(1129 ft/s). To find total distance of sound wave in terms of
operated in 120/240 V ac-powered analyzer or 24 V dc loop-
round-trip is time for sound wave to return it and multiply by
powered transmitter. If pH control process has done then the
344 meters (or 1129 feet). Round-trip is defined to calculate
analyzer or transmitter get interface with machine for
2 time distance of sound wave travel through air to the object
calibrating the sensor and shows the outputs and alarms.
before it was analyze by the sensor. Round-trip are includes
C. Temperature Sensor the distance from the sonar sensor to the object and the
The most regularly changed environment is distance from the object to the Ultrasonic sensor. The round-
“Temperature”. The temperature is affecting like physical, trip is dividing in half for calculating distance to the object.
chemical, electronic, mechanical, and biological systems. At [7]
certain temperature range chemical effects, biological The ultrasonic sensor may not capable to some of the
processes, and even electronic circuits it worked best. objects. Due to small shaped or positioned of the object and
Temperature is one of the most regularly changing variables. it far deflected away from the ultrasonic sensor, the sound
It takes the input through straight contact with the heating wave bounce off the object. The sensor detects the sound
basis or remotely. In today’s market the variety of wave which reflected from the object if the object is too
temperature sensor are available including Thermocouples, small. Different objects can take in the sound wave together
Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs), Thermostats, (cloth, carpeting, etc), means the sensor can’t detect it
Infrared, and Semiconductor Sensors. The temperature accurately. The ultrasonic sensor is considering the factors
sensor has two types 1. Thermocouple2. Resistance for designing and programming a robot.
temperature detector (RTD) which collects temperature from
exact source and change the collected information into The application of ultrasonic sensor is help to choose this
desirable type to an observer. HV system and AC system device in our project because this device has two port i.e.
environmental controls, medical devices, food processing transmitter and receiver which help to detecting any obstacle
units, chemical handling, controlling systems, automotive in path.
under the hood monitoring are the example of temperature
sensor which is widely used the most of the application.
Thermometer sensor is used to detect the temperature of
solid liquid and gases. Thermometer sensor is not gives the
accurate result for non scientific purposes. The different
types of sensor are categories by the following two things:
sensing capacity of the sensor and range of the applications. Fig. 4. Ultrasonic Sensor
The different temperature sensors are: Thermocouples,
Resistor temperature detectors, Thermostats, Infrared
sensors, Thermometers.

239
Authorized licensed use limited to: Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC). Downloaded on August 29,2022 at 04:18:19 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2018 First International Conference on Secure Cyber Computing and Communication (ICSCCC)

E. Arduino turbidity sensor, temperature sensor and ultrasonic sensor). It

can convert the 230 volt into the 5 volt by using the resister,
capacitor, bridge rectifier. The microcontroller can connected
through circuit & it will be transfer the command to valve
circuit. There are three valve connected with three different
solution container. These solution containers contain pH and
turbidity solution. The valve circuit are control the valve
process in the tank. Android application is used for easier
communication between user and system. Arduino help in
communication between hardware and user. The Ethernet
Fig. 5. Arduino Kit
can also connect to the circuit for stored data or information
in database. [1]
Arduino is an electronic kit based on open-source
hardware and software. Arduino boards are capable to read IV. WORKING MODEL
the inputs in terms of light on a sensor, a finger on a button.
The user can instruct the system what kind of instruction In Fig. 7, It contain the used of solution container for
sending to microcontroller. The system is used the Arduino filling the solution to purified the water filled in the tank. It
programming language (APL) and the Arduino Software used the turbidity sensor to find the clean water in the tank
(IDE) for Processing the information of sensors. and remaining waste water drain from the tank. The relay has
used in between solution container and tank to channelized
Now a day, Arduino kit it act as a brain of thousands of the command assigned by user to fill the solution in the tank.
system. Arduino kit is made up with microprocessors and The temperature sensor is connected in the tank to find the
controllers. Arduino kit is used digital and temperature of water. The ultrasonic sensor is used the find
analog input/output (I/O) pins it may be connected to the distance of water filled in the tank. It calculate the actual
different expansion boards and circuits. The Arduino kit the percent of water in the tank.
consists of communication interface such as Universal Serial
Bus (USB) for some models. It will use for loading program
from computer system. [6]
In Fig. 5 Arduino kit made up of an Atmel 8-bit
AVR microcontroller with consist of flash memory, pins.
The 32-bit Arduino Due was invented in 2012 it is based on
Atmel SAM3X8E. Arduino board used single or double-row
pins or female headers it will use for making the connection
of program and other circuits. It consists of add-on modules
called as shields. Various and probably stacked shields may
be separately addressable by an I²C serial bus. Arduino
boards consist of a 5V linear regulator and a 16 MHz crystal
oscillator or ceramic resonator. Few Arduino modules
consist of Lily Pad, execute at 8 MHz and give with the
onboard voltage regulator for exact form-factor restrictions.

III. ARCHITECTURE OF SMART AUTOMATIC

CONTROL AND MONITOR WATER PURIFICATION
SYSTEM

Fig. 7. System design of Water purification control and Monitoring

V. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

A. Customer Registration
In Fig. 8, for registration process of customer, it creates a
Fig. 6. Smart Automatic Control and Monitor Water Purification System registration form for customer to register itself.

In Fig. 6, the important aspect of this system is converted

impure into pure form water for drinking. For that purpose
the system connect with different sensor (pH sensor,

240
Authorized licensed use limited to: Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC). Downloaded on August 29,2022 at 04:18:19 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2018 First International Conference on Secure Cyber Computing and Communication (ICSCCC)

Fig. 8. Customer Registration Fig. 10. Final Result on Customer Portal

B. Customer Login VI. CONCLUSION

In Fig. 9, after registration process, the customer can log The implemented system is used to purify the water by
in on the portal. using PH, Turbidity, ultrasonic and temperature sensors.
Through this system the end users or customers can easily
view the quality of water in the tank. Also it provides
application for finding solution with their concern.
By using the wireless sensor technology, the customer
can easily retrieve the information of water quality,
impurities, level of water and temperature.
REFERENCES
[1] Faustine, Anthony, Aloys N. Mvuma, Hector J. Mongi, Maria C.
Gabriel, Albino J. Tenge, and Samuel B. Kucel. "Wireless sensor
networks for water quality monitoring and control within lake victoria
basin: prototype development." Wireless Sensor Network 6, no. 12
(2014): 281.
[2] Vincent Huang, Richard Carlsson, Qiang Li and Evan Liu, “System
and Interfaces for Water Quality Monitoring and Control in
Aquaculture”, IEEE, 2011, pp. 168-173.
[3] Zhang, Mingfei, Daoliang Li, Lianzhi Wang, Daokun Ma, and
Qisheng Ding. "Design and development of water quality monitoring
system based on wireless sensor network in aquaculture." In
International Conference on Computer and Computing Technologies
in Agriculture, pp. 629-641. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010.
[4] Beri, N. Neha. "Wireless Sensor Network Based System Design for
Chemical Parameter Monitoring in Water." International Journal of
Electronics, Communication & Soft Computing Science and
Engineering 3, no. 6.
[5] Nidal Nasser, Asmaa Ali, Lutful Karim, Samir Belhaouari” An
efficient Wireless Sensor Network-based water quality monitoring
Fig. 9. Customer Login system” IEEE xplore Oct-2013, pp. 1-4.
[6] Yu, Jieping, Weixing Wang, Huili Yin, Guohui Jiao, and Zexin Lin.
C. Final Result on Customer portal "Design of Real Time Monitoring System for Rural Drinking Water
Based on Wireless Sensor Network." In Computer Network,
In Fig. 10, after testing water, the result has Electronic and Automation (ICCNEA), 2017 International
displayed on customer portal with different values of Conference on, pp. 281-284. IEEE, 2017.
PH, Turbidity and Temperature. [7] Jalal, Dziri, and Tahar Ezzedine. "Towards a water quality monitoring
system based on wireless sensor networks." In Internet of Things,
Embedded Systems and Communications (IINTEC), 2017
International Conference on, pp. 38-41. IEEE, 2017.
[8] Sowmya, Ch, C. D. Naidu, Rajendra Prasad Somineni, and D.
Ramesh Reddy. "Implementation of wireless sensor network for real
time overhead tank water quality monitoring." In Advance Computing

241
Authorized licensed use limited to: Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC). Downloaded on August 29,2022 at 04:18:19 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2018 First International Conference on Secure Cyber Computing and Communication (ICSCCC)

Conference (IACC), 2017 IEEE 7th International, pp. 546-551. IEEE,

2017.
[9] Nasirudin, Muhammad Azwan, Ummi Nurulhaiza Za'bah, and O.
Sidek. "Fresh water real-time monitoring system based on wireless
sensor network and GSM." In Open Systems (ICOS), 2011 IEEE
Conference on, pp. 354-357. IEEE, 2011.
[10] Chen, Chen, Xu Jun-ming, and Gao Hui-fang. "Polluted water
monitoring based on wireless sensor." In Electronics,
Communications and Control (ICECC), 2011 International
Conference on, pp. 961-963. IEEE, 2011..

242
Authorized licensed use limited to: Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC). Downloaded on August 29,2022 at 04:18:19 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.