TBS/AFDC 09 (5197) P3

DRAFT TANZANIA STANDARD

Compounded poultry feeds – Specification

TANZANIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS

Compounded poultry feeds – Specification TBS/AFDC 09 (5197) P3

0 FOREWORD

With increased poultry production, especially under the intensive system, it was necessary to
prepare this standard, so as to improve the safety and quality of compounded poultry feed
produced or imported in the country.

In the preparation of this Tanzania standard assistance was drawn from EAS 90:2000
Compounded poultry feeds – Specification published by the East African Community.

In reporting, the results of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final
value observed or calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with TZS 4
(see clause 2).

1.0 SCOPE

This Tanzania standard specifies requirements, methods of sampling and test for
compounded poultry feeds. It covers; broiler starter feed, broiler finishing feed, chick and duck
feed, poultry grower feed, turkey starter feed, layer feed and breeders feed.

2.0 REFERENCES

For the purpose of this Tanzania standard, the following references shall apply. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest
edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies:

TZS 4 – Rounding off numerical values.

TZS 109 – Food processing units – code of hygiene.
TZS 34-1 – Animal feeds and feeding stuffs sampling and test methods – General.
TZS 34- 2 – Animal feeds and feeding stuffs – minerals and trace elements.
TZS 76 – General method for determination of Arsenic silver diethyldithiocarmate photometric
method.
TZS 109 – Food Processing units – code of hygiene – General.
TZS 268 – General atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for determination of lead in
food stuffs
TZS 799 – Food stuffs – Determination of Aflatoxin B1 and the total content of Aflatoxin B1, B2,
G1 and G2 in cereals, nuts and derived products.
TZS 821 – Animal feeds and feeding stuffs – Preparation of test samples.
ISO 6867 - Animal feeding stuffs -- Determination of vitamin E content -- Method using high-
performance liquid chromatography
ISO 14565 - Animal feeding stuffs -- Determination of vitamin A content -- Method using high-
performance liquid chromatography
AOAC 944.12 - Folic acid (pteroyl glutamic acid)
AOAC 945.74 - Pantothenic Acid in Vitamin Preparations
AOAC 961.14 - Niacin and Niacinamide in Drugs, Foods, and Feed
AOAC 970.65 - Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) in Foods and Vitamin Premixes
AOAC 996.16 - Selenium in Feeds and Premixes

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3.0 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this standard, the following terms and definitions shall apply:

3.1 metabolizable energy of a feed

total energy or heat of combustion of the feed, less the energy contained in the excreted portion
of the feed.

3.2 additive
any substance not normally consumed as feed by itself and not normally used as a typical
ingredient in animal feeds whether or not it has nutritive value, for example, coccidiostat,
antibiotic and antioxidant.

3.3 antioxidant
substance added to feeds to protect polyunsaturated fatty acids and fat soluble vitamins from
destruction by peroxidation.

3.4 broiler starter feed (BSF)

is a high protein feed provided to young meat type chicks for the first few weeks of age.

3.5 broiler finishing feed (BFF)

feed suitable for providing all nutritional requirements for meat type chickens from the broiler
starter phase until slaughter.

3.6 chick and duck feed (CDF)

feed suitable for providing all nutritional requirements for chicks and ducklings which are
intended for meat production, from day old until eight weeks of age.

3.7 turkey starter feed (TSF)

feed suitable for providing all nutritional requirements for turkeys from one day old chicks until
eight weeks of age.

3.8 poultry grower feed (PGF)

feed suitable for providing all nutritional requirements for growing poultry other than meat type
birds from eight weeks of age until two weeks before point of laying eggs.

3.9 layers feed (LF)

feed suitable for providing all nutritional requirements under normal conditions for egg
production from two weeks before point of lay and throughout the laying period.

3.10 breeder feed (BF)

diet to be fed to breeding hens from 20 weeks onwards providing all the nutritional
requirements.

3.11 cereal balancer

concentrated mixture of protein, minerals and vitamins used as a supplement to milled cereal
products for feeding livestock.

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4.0 REQUIREMENTS

4.1 General requirements

4.1.1 Raw materials
- The ingredients/ raw materials used in the manufacture of compounded poultry feeds
are given in Appendix A. Other ingredients or mixtures may be used provided that they
have been ascertained by inspection and or/ testing that they are suitable for use in
poultry feeds.
- All ingredients and raw materials shall be of high quality and shall be of sound condition
and not decomposed or deteriorated.
- Ground raw soybean seed or soybean meal which has not been subjected to adequate
heat treatment, shall not be used in poultry feed.
- Ingredients of animal origin shall be sterilized before use.
- Where standards have been declared for ingredients or raw materials, such ingredients
or raw materials shall conform to specific standards.
- Vitamin preparations added to feed shall be in stabilized form.
- Urea or any other nitrogenous substances shall not be added to or included in any
poultry feed except such true protein and amino acids as required in this standard.

4.1.2 Compounded poultry feeds shall;

- be in form of a mash, crumbles or pellets.
- be free from harmful constituents such as metallic objects, adulterants, fungi, pathogens
or insect infestation, and from fermented, musty, rancid or any other objectionable
odours.
- be palatable and have a digestibility coefficient of not less than 65 %.

4.2 Specific requirements

The compounded poultry feeds shall comply with the requirements specified in Table 1.

Table 1: Nutrients requirements in dry matter basis

S/N0 Parameter Method
BSF BFF CDF TSF PGF LF BF of test

1 Moisture, %, (m/m), 12.0 12.0 12.0 TZS 34-1

12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0
max

2 Crude fat, %, (m/m), 9.6 7.9 7.9 TZS 34-1

10 10.9 10.0 9.2
max.
3 Crude protein, %, TZS 34-1
(m/m), min. 21.0 18.0 18.0 25.0 15 16 16

4 Crude fibre, %, (m/m), 7.5 7.5 7.5 TZS 34-1

5 7.5 7.5 7.5
max.

5 Phosphorus, %, (m/m), 0.73 0.73 0.73 TZS 34-1

0.73 0.70 0.95 0.80
min.

6 Calcium, %, (m/m), 0.9 2.8 2.8 TZS 34-1

0.90 0.90 0.90 1.0
Min.

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 S/N0 Parameter Method
BSF BFF CDF TSF PGF LF BF of test

7 Metabolizable energy 2650 2650 2650 TZS 34-1

2900 3000 2750 2800
Kcal/Kg, Min.

8 Selenium, mg/kg 0.40 0.20 0.20 AOAC Comment [u1]: ALL BLUE COLOURS
0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 CONFIRM IF MINIMUM OR MAXIMUM
996.16
9 Manganese, mg/kg 75 80 75 75 50 50 75 TZS 34-2
10 Iodine, mg/kg 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 TZS 34-2
11 Zinc, mg/kg 64 64 50 70 50 50 50 TZS 34-2
12 Iron, mg/kg 20 20 20 30 10 200 200 TZS 34-2
13 Copper, mg/kg 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 TZS 34-2
14 Choline, mg/kg 250 250 200 400 1000 100 TZS 34-2
15 Riboflavin, mg/kg 4 4 12 AOAC
8 8 8 10
970.65

16 Pantothenic acid, 5 3.2 10 AOAC

13 13 13 15
mg/kg 945.74

17 Niacin, mg/kg 10 10 10 AOAC

40 40 40 75
961.14

18 Biotin, mg/kg 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.03 AOAC

19 Folic acid, mg/kg 1.00 0.5 1.00 AOAC

1.50 1.50 1.50 2.00
944.12

20 Vitamin B12, mg/kg 0.02 0.02 5.00 AOAC

0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
952.20

21 Vitamin A, IU/kg 10000 5000 5000 ISO

12000 12000 10000 15000
14565
22 Vitamin D3, IU/kg 2000 2000 2000 3000 1500 1500 1500 AOAC
23 Vitamin E, IU/kg 20 20 20 30 10 7.5 ISO 6867
24 Vitamin K, IU/kg 2 2 2 AOAC
2 2 2 2
974.30

25 Lysine % (m/m), 1.2 1 1 1.5 0.8 0.72 0.72 TZS 34-2

26 Methionine+ Cystine % 0.90 0.8 0.80 0.6 0.7 0.58 0.35 TZS 34-2
27 Tryptophan % 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 TZS 34-2
28 Antioxidant3) (BHT), 125 125 125 TZS 34-2
125 125 125 125
mg/kg

29 Sodium , % min. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 TZS 34-2
1) Not more than a seventh of the total phosphorus content may be derived from plant origin.
2) Not more than half of the cystine and methionine requirement may be in the form of cystine.
3) The quantity of antioxidant specified refers to butylated hydroxy-toluene. Alternative antioxidants may be used in equivalent
quantities as recommended by the manufacturer of the antioxidant.
4) All broiler feeds shall contain a satisfactory coccidiostat at prophylactic rates recommended by the manufacturer of the
coccidiostat.

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 S/N0 Parameter Method
BSF BFF CDF TSF PGF LF BF of test
5) Turkey starter feeds shall contain a satisfactory coccidiostat and histomonastat at prophylactic rates recommended by the
manufacturer of the coccidiostat and histomonastat.
6) Poultry grower feed shall contain a satisfactory coccidiostat at prophylactic rates recommended by the manufacturer of the
coccidiostat.
7)Layer feed shall contain not more than 10 % of fish meal and not more than 0.8 % of crude fat which is derived from fish.
8) I Kilojoule (KJ) = 4.2 Kilocalories (Kcal)

4.3 Permitted feed additives

- Additives in the following categories may be used in compounded poultry feeds:
antioxidants; colourants; emulsifiers; stabilisers; thickeners and gelling agents; binders;
anti-caking agents and coagulants; aromatic and appetizing substances and
preservatives specified in Table 2.

- Compounded poultry feeds shall contain no added additives other than an additive of a
name or description specified hereunder.

Table 2: List of permitted additives and levels of use

S/No. Name or description Maximum content (mg/kg)
Antioxidants
1) L-Ascorbic acid
2) Sodium L-ascorbate
3) Calcium di (L-ascorbate)
4) 5,6-Diacetyl-L-ascorbic acid
5) Limited by GMP Comment [u2]: Members
6-Palmitoyl-L-ascorbic acid concerned on this limit and sought by
6) Tocopherol-rich extracts of a natural limiting to GMP those chemicals might
origin have safety concerns

7) Synthetic alpha-tocopherol
8) Synthetic gamma-tocopherol
9) Synthetic delta-tocopherol
10) Propyl gallate 100, singly or in combination
11) Octyl gallate
12) Dodecyl gallate
13) Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) 150
Colorants
S/No. Name or description Kind of poultry Maximum content (mg/kg)
1 ) Capsanthin Poultry
2 ) Beta-opo-8-carotenal Poultry
3 ) Ethyl ester of beta-opo- Poultry
8-
4 ) Carotenoic acid Poultry

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 5 ) Lutein Poultry
6 ) Cryptoxathin Poultry
Limited by GMP
7 ) Cynthaxantin Poultry
8 ) Zeaxathin Poultry Limited by GMP
9 ) Citranaxanthin Laying hens Limited by GMP
10 ) Patent Blue V
All poultry Limited by GMP
11 ) Acid brilliant green BS

Emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners and gelling agents

S/No. Name or description Maximum content (mg/kg)
1 ) Poly (ethylene glycol) (M.W 6 000) 300
2 ) Polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethelene polymers 50
(M.W 6 800-9 000)
3 ) Propane-1,2-diol 36 000
Binders, anticaking agents and coagulants
4 ) Lignosulphonates;
5 )Colloidal silica;
6 )Silicic acid,
7 )precipitate and dried;
8 )Sodium aluminosilicate, Limited by GMP
9 )Sodium, potassium and calcium stearate;
10 )Kaolin and Kaslinitic clays free of asbestos-
natural accruing mixtures of minerals containing at
least 65% complex hydrated aluminium silicates
whose main constituent in Kasolinite;
11 ) Bentonite and other montmerillonitee clays;
12 ) Vermiculite-hydrated silicate of magnesium,
13 ) aluminium and iron;
14 ) Citric acid;
15 ) Kieselguhr (diatomaceous earth, purified); Limited by GMP
16 ) Calcium silicate (synthetic);
17 ) Natural mixtures of steatite and chlorite free of
asbestos.
Preservatives
1) sorbic acid, sodium sorbate, potassium sorbate,
calcium sorbate;

2) folic acid;
Limited by GMP
3) ammonium formate, sodium formate, calcium
formate;
4) acetic acid, potassium acetate, sodium diacetate;
5) latic acid, sodium lactate, potassium lactate,
ammonium lactate, calcium lactate;
6) propionic acid, sodium propionate, potassium
propionate;
7) L-tartaric acid;

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8) ctric acid, sodium citrates, calcium citrates;
9) orthophosphoric acid; Limited by GMP
10) fumaric acid;
11) DL-Malic acid.
Aromatic and appetizing substances
1) Saccharin
2) All natural products and corresponding synthetic
Limited by GMP
products
Sucrose esters or fatty acids
1) mixture of sucrose esters of monocyl and
diacylglycerols (sucroglycerides, polyglycerides);

2) polyglycerol esters of non-polymerised edible fatty

acids;
3i) propylene glycol esters of fatty acids (propane-
1,2-diol esters of fatty acids);
4) stearoyl-2-lactylic acid; sodium stearoyl-1,2-
lacylate; calcium stearoyl-1,2-lactylate;
5) stearoyl-1-tartrate; glycerol poly (ethylene glycol)
ricinolcate; dextrans; sorbitan monostearate;
6) sorbitan tristearte; sorbitan monolaurate; sorbitan
mono-eleate; sorbitan monopalmitate;
7) partial polyglycerol esters of polycondensed fatty
acids of castor oil (polyglycerol polyricinoleate) Limited by GMP
polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate;
8) polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate,
polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate
9) polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tricleate,
polyoxyethylene (8) sorbitan stearate; and
10) polyoxyethylene (40) stearate.

5.0 CONTAMINANTS

5.1 The products covered by this standard shall comply with the maximum limits for
heavy metals specified in Table 3.

Table 3: Heavy metals

S/N Heavy metal Maximum Limits Test Method
o. (mg/kg)
1 Mercury (Hg) 8 ICP/AAS
2 Lead (Pb) 15 TZS 268
3 Arsenic (As) 10 TZS 76
4 Cadmium (Cd) 10 ICP/AAS

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5.2 The compounded poultry feed shall comply to the maximum limits of pesticide
residues as in Table 4 and to the maximum residue limits for pesticides established
by the Codex committee for pesticides residues for this commodity.

Table 4: Pesticides residues

S/No. Pesticides Maximum limits (mg/kg)

1 ) Aldrin 0.02
2 ) Carbaryl 0.05
3 ) Carbathin 0.02
4 ) Dieldrin 0.02
5 ) Malathion 0.02
6 ) Toxaphene 0.1

5.3 Aflatoxins
The total aflatoxin content limit in compounded poultry feed shall be as per Table 5

Table 5: Total aflatoxin limits

S/No. Poultry class Feed Limits Method of test
(µg/kg, max)

1 Mature poultry. Corn and peanut 200 TZS 799

products

2 For poultry classes or uses Poultry feeds and 20 TZS 799

not specified above or ingredients
when the intended use is
not known.

6.0 HYGIENE
The product shall be prepared under strict hygienic conditions according to TZS 109
(see clause 2).

7.0 SAMPLING AND TESTS

7.1 Sampling
Sampling of the product shall be done according to TZS 34-1 and test samples shall be
prepared in accordance with TZS 821 (see clause 2).

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7.2 Tests
Testing of this product shall be done according to test methods prescribed in Table 1,3,
4 and 5(see clause 2).

8.0 PACKAGING, MARKING AND LABELLING

8.1 Packaging
8.1.1 Compounded poultry feed for sale shall be packed in containers which are of sufficient
strength and sufficiently sealed so as to withstand handling without tearing, bursting or
falling open during normal handling and transportation. The container shall be clean and not
previously used.

8.1.2 Each container for Compounded poultry feed shall be clean and free from visible
indications of contamination, infection and insect infestation.

8.2 Marking and labelling

8.2.1 Compounded poultry feed for each container shall be marked to display the
following information:

a) Name of product (compounded poultry feed);

b) Name and physical address of the manufacturer;
c) Category of animals for which it is intended;
d) Net Weight content;
e) Batch or code number;
f) Date of manufacture shall be clearly shown on the container;
g) Expiry date shall be clearly shown on the container;
h) Instructions for use and storage;
i) Nutrient content.

8.2.2 The language on the label shall be “Kiswahili” or Kiswahili and English. A second
language may be used depending on the designated market.

8.3 The container may also be marked with TBS Certification Mark.
NOTE – The TBS Standards Mark of Quality may be used by the manufacturers only
under licence from TBS. Particulars of conditions under which the licences are
granted may be obtained from TBS.

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 Annex A
(normative)

INGREDIENTS FOR POULTRY FEEDS

In the compounding of poultry feeds, various types of ingredients are used. This Annex
lists some of the common ingredients which may be used in the manufacture of poultry
feeds:

A.1 Grain products

- Maize
- Wheat
- Oat
- Barley
- Rice
- Sorghum

A.2 Grain by products

- Rice bran
- Rice bran (defatted)
- Rice polishing’s
- Wheat feed (a mixture of wheat bran and wheat pollard)
- Maize bran
- Wheat bran
- Wheat germ
- Maize germ meal
- Pollard

A.3 Animal products

- Bone meal
- Blood meal
- Meat and bone meal
- Meat meal
- Offal meals (treated)
- Dried skimmed milk
- Dry whey
- Milk powder
- Cheese meal
- Poultry by-products (excluding manure)
- Hydrolyzed feather meal
- Fishmeal
- Fish processing wastes
- Whole milk

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A.4 Oil seed cakes and meals
- Soybean cake or meal
- Coconut cake or meal (Copra cake)
- Ground nut cake or meal
- Palm kernel cake
- Sesame cake or meal
- Cotton seed cake or meal
- Cashew nut cake or meal
- Kapok cake or meal
- Sunflower seed cake or meal

A.5 Fats and oils

A.6 Tubers and related materials

- Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum)
- Sweet potato
- Cassava chips or dry cassava roots

A.7 Grasses and legumes

- Moringa oleifera
- Lucerne or Alfalfa meal
- Leucaena sp
- Crotalaria spp (marejea)
- Stylosanthes gracils
- Pineapple bran

A.8 Waste materials and industrial by – products (Excluding grain by products)

- Brewer’s yeast and dried grains
- Sugarcane molasses
- Raw sugar
- Cassava waste meal
- Brewery residues or wastes

A.9 Minerals, vitamins and supplements

- Common salt
- Calcium phosphate (di, mono, tri) phosphate – fluorine content not to exceed 0.2
%.
- Calcium lactate
- Manganese sulphate
- Phosphoric acid
- Limestone
- Vitamin and mineral premixes.
- Oyster shells

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