DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

CLAUSE 8.3
AUDITING AND APPLICABILITY
DALE K. GORDON

A Tale of the Engineers and the Auditors

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 First Some Definitions
IAQG Dictionary
Design
• preparation of a set of information that defines the characteristics of a product. (adapted
from EN 13701:2001)
NOTE 1: The information is structured in the design data file.
Design and Development
• set of processes that transform requirements into specified characteristics or into the
specification of a product, process or system.
NOTE 1: The terms “design” and “development” are sometimes used synonymously and
sometimes used to define different stages of the overall design and development process
NOTE 2: A qualifier can be applied to indicate the nature of what is being designed and
developed (e.g., product design and development or process design and development).
(ISO 9000:2005) [IAQG-history]

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 First Some Definitions
IAQG Dictionary
Design Activities
• The supplier design activity or subcontractor that owns the design and provides a
deliverable to the customer.
Design Organization
• organization designing products or changes to products.
NOTE 1: In civil aviation: an organization responsible for the design of articles or
for changes thereto that is the holder of a Design approval granted by a regulatory
authority i.e. Type Certificate, Supplemental Type Certificate, Parts
Manufacturer approval , or Technical Standard Order (TSO)/Joint TSO/European
TSO, European Part Approval (EPA) or equivalent. [IAQG-history]

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 First Some Definitions
IAQG Dictionary
Design Authority
• An organization with formal authority for the design, validation, and service support of a
product.
NOTE: In civil aviation, this is the organization responsible for the design of articles or for
changes thereto that is the holder of a design approval granted by a regulatory authority
[i.e., Type Certificate (TC), Supplemental Type Certificate (STC), Parts Manufacturer
Approval (PMA), Technical Standard Order (TSO)/Joint TSO/European TSO, European Part
Approval (EPA) or equivalent]. [9116]
Design Organization Approval
• approval of an organization by an applicable National Aviation Authority, that is
responsible for the design of aeronautical products.

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 First Some Definitions
IAQG Dictionary
Design Characteristics
• Those dimensional, visual, functional, mechanical, and material features or properties,
which describe and constitute the design of the article, as specified by drawing or Digital
Product Definition (DPD) requirements. These characteristics can be measured, inspected,
tested, or verified to determine conformance to the design requirements. Dimensional
features include in-process locating features (e.g., target-machined or forged/cast
dimensions on forgings and castings, weld/braze joint preparation necessary for
acceptance of finished joint). Material features or properties may include processing
variables and sequences, which are specified by the drawing or DPD (e.g., heat treat
temperature, fluorescent penetrant class, ultrasonic scans, sequence of welding and heat
treat). These provide assurance of intended characteristics that could not be otherwise
defined (reference 9102 standard). [9145]

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 First Some Definitions
IAQG Dictionary
Design Data File
• structured set of documents constituting the response of the product designer to the
technical requirements of the customer.
NOTE 1: All the verifiable product characteristics (including the acceptance criteria) could
be expressed in this document and the prescribed processes to produce it are indicated.
This file allows identification of the product, in order to prepare its manufacturing and
inspection file and its operating documentation.
NOTE 2: certification requirements have to be taken into account. (adapted from EN
9200:2005)
Design Risk Analysis
• Analytical techniques used by the design responsible organization to identify, to the extent
possible, potential failure modes related to product performance (i.e., fit, form and
function), durability, manufacturability, and cost. [9145]

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 First Some Definitions
IAQG Dictionary
Design Records
• The records of the engineering definition/specification, which fully define the product
(system, part, component or assembly), including physical or electronic/digital drawings,
electronic/digital models, software or other associated information. This includes records
of authorized engineering changes not yet incorporated into the released engineering
definition/specification. [9145]

Article
• Material, part, component, assembly, or appliance which is listed by the design
organization as eligible for installation in/on the product or included in the design data
approved by the authority. (9110) (9120) (not inclusive of standard parts).

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 IAF Audit Practices Group (APG)
ISO 9001:2015
• ISO 9001clause 8.3 refers only to design and development of products
and services. In some organizations it can be beneficial, but not
required, to apply the same methodology to design and development of
processes.
• In order for to determine if the organization is in fact involved in design
and development, auditors need to establish who is responsible for
defining the characteristics of the product or service, together with how
and when this is carried out. This may apply to original design or
ongoing design changes.

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 IAF Audit Practices Group (APG)
ISO 9001:2015 for Service
• For determining [their] applicability, an [service] organization will have to ensure
that the requirements on design and development do not affect its ability or
responsibility to ensure the conformity of its services and the enhancement of
customer satisfaction. When an organization makes a claim for non-applicability
of this requirement, auditors need to see documented objective evidence that
the following two conditions are both fulfilled
1. the requirement cannot be applied
2. by not applying the requirement there is no effect on the organization’s
ability or responsibility to ensure the conformity of its services and the
enhancement of customer satisfaction.
Only if these can be proven, should an auditor accept the non-applicability.
The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Applicability of Design and Development in the AS
Standards (9100, 9110 and 9120)
• AS9100 – Design and development of all articles covered by the
QMS of the organization. Limited to NEW articles for civil aviation
applications

• AS9110 – Design and development of MRO services including

“approved” repairs and maintenance services, but excluding NEW
articles

• AS9120 – Design and development of “Services” offered to

customers exclusive of the products
The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Audit Essentials
What are you Looking for?

• 8.3.2 – Design Planning

– Program / Project management
– Customer inclusion
– Complete definition of the process to be used for a specific design
• Including stages, approvals, testing, resources, RISKS, etc.

• 8.3.3. – Design Inputs

– Requirements of the product (environment, application, safety, etc.)
– Obsolscence

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Audit Essentials
What are you Looking for?

• 8.3.4 – Design Controls

– Design Verification – was the article built right? (insp / test)
– Design Validation – was the right article built? (qualification)
– Configuration Management (iterative process of design)
– Test / Acceptance conditions
– Design Reviews

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 IEC 61160 Design Review
The objectives of a design review include:
• assessing whether the proposed solution meets the design input requirements that include, but
are not limited to: specified general performance requirements, dependability, lifecycle costs,
safety, endurance, environment, electromagnetic compatibility, human factors;
• assessing whether the proposed solution is the most robust, efficient and effective solution to
achieve the product requirements;
• providing recommendations as required for achieving the design input requirements;
• assessing the status of the design in terms of the completeness of the drawings and specifications;
• assessing the evidence to support the verification of the design performance;
• proposing improvements.
Design review facilitates assessment of the status of the design against the input
requirements, identification of opportunities for improvement and guides the design manager
towards appropriate action. It accelerates maturing of the product by reducing the time
needed to stabilize design details, and allows product realization to proceed without frequent
interruptions. Design review can also stimulate early product improvement.

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Audit Essentials
What are you Looking for?

• 8.3.5 – Design Outputs

– Configuration Information - Complete and approved
• Drawings, specifications, acceptance testing
• Information needed to manufacture
• Maintenance requirements (as applicable)
• ALL configuration information (reports, qualification, analysis, etc.)

• 8.3.6 – Design Changes

– ANY change to configuration information
– Customer notification and approval according to design Authority
The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Have you been listening?
FuelCo is a manufacturer of Fuel control valves for various industries.
They sell both special and catalogue fuel control valves
They have designed a special fuel valve for biomass aviation fuel (BMAF)
and are now offering that valve for sale.

Fuelco has had interest from several AS&D organizations and hence became AS9100
certificated by Global Certification Body (GBC)

They have contracts with the following AS&D organizations and applications;
• Eurocontrols – for application in a new fuel control to be used in a new Volvo
Engine yet to certificated for commercial aircraft use
• DefCopter – for use in an existing military helicopter with converted fuel
• Fuel Supply – A Distributor to aviation manufacturers
The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Have you been listening?
Question 1
Who is the Design Authority for each of the following customers?

• Eurocontrols – for application in a new fuel control to be used in a new Volvo

Engine yet to certificated for commercial aircraft use

• DefCopter – for use in an existing military helicopter with converted fuel

• Fuel Supply – A Distributor to civil and defense aviation manufacturers

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Have you been listening?
Question 2
FuelCo has completed all required testing for the valve per the
Requirements Fuelco established for the valve. Is this valve fully
approved and qualified?

• Eurocontrols – for application in a new fuel control to be used in a new Volvo

Engine yet to certificated for commercial aircraft use

• DefCopter – for use in an existing military helicopter with converted fuel

• Fuel Supply – A Distributor to civil and defense aviation manufacturers

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Have you been listening?
Question 3
According to Design Requirements and CM rules FuelCo has identified
the BMAF valve as part number FC4376BM-A for all Sales
Is this acceptable?

• Eurocontrols – for application in a new fuel control to be used in a new Volvo

Engine yet to certificated for commercial aircraft use

• DefCopter – for use in an existing military helicopter with converted fuel

• Fuel Supply – A Distributor to civil and defense aviation manufacturers

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Have you been listening?
Question 4
FuelCo decides to license the BMAF fuel valve design and manufacture to
HighTech Mfg (HTM) because the market volume is too low for Fuelco’s
market strategy.

HTM is required to be AS9100 certificated and has a limited engineering staff to

support the manufacturing and maintain the drawings for Fuelco who still sells the
item in it’s catalogue but HTM has direct sales to the other customers.

HTM states in it’s QMS documentation that Design and Development is not
applicable. They justify this because they are not the design authority and
no changes can be made even though they maintain the design information
Can this be acceptable?

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Have you been listening?
Question 5
FuelCo decides to license the BMAF fuel valve design and manufacture to
HighTech Mfg (HTM) because the market volume is too low for Fuelco’s
market strategy.

HTM is required to be AS9100 certificated and has a limited engineering staff to

support the manufacturing and maintain the drawings for Fuelco who still sells the
item in it’s catalogue but HTM has direct sales to the other customers.

HTM does not have the same equipment or manufacturing methods as FuelCo for
the housing or valve components so they create a complete set of process drawings
for the machining and manufacture of component parts.
Is Clause 8.3 applicable because of these drawings?

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Have you been listening?
Question 6
HTM decides to go into the repair business for fuel control valves and
obtains an FAA Part 145 repair station approval and also obtains AS9110
certification for their MRO activities. As part of the repair of BMAF valves they have
a repair method for the replacement of broken lead wires when they perform
maintenance on returned valves.

Is clause 8.3 applicable to HTM under AS9110?

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Have you been listening?
Question 7
Fuel Supply the distributor for the BMAF valves to the AS&D industry has
entered into a contract to manage the FuelCo finished goods inventory
for all of FuelCo valves. They will accept and process orders for FuelCo and ship
directly to FuelCo customers for a percentage of the sales. They also have propriety
software they are using to mange the inventory and estimate the demand to control
the production schedules for HTM. Fuel Supply is AS9120 certificated.

Is clause 8.3 applicable to Fuel Supply under AS9120?

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Clause 8.3 Summary

• AQMS Design and Development is not “simple”

– The critically the application vs the process for development
– The responsibility for design approval and changes
– The relationship between design approval holders and product
manufacturers
– Commercial parts vs. designed application parts
– Configuration management
– Design in the lifecycle of the product (aftermarket)

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
 Abundantly Clear? Questions?

The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)
The IAQG is a legally incorporated international not for profit association (INPA) with membership from the Americas, Europe and the Asia Pacific Region (Rev. 08-2015)