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    Improved Analysis of External Loads On Flanged Joints

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    Improved Analysis of External Loads On Flanged Joints

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    TiHoR
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    Flanged Joint-1

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    Improved Analysis of External Loads On Flanged Joints

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    Proceedings of the ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference

    PVP2013
    July 14-18, 2013, Paris, France

    PVP2013-97814

    Improved Analysis of External Loads on Flanged Joints

    Warren Brown
    Integrity Engineering Solutions
    Dunsborough, Western Australia
    [email protected]

    ABSTRACT external loads and results in an under-loaded gasket, by


    External loads on bolted flanged joints must be assessed comparison to the aligned joint case. If the external loads are
    in order to be in compliance with ASME and other reacted by external means (alignment pins, chain-blocks,
    international pressure vessel and piping codes. However, in hydraulic alignment tools, etc…) then once the joint is
    the case of the ASME B31.3 piping code or ASME VIII, assembled to the appropriate bolt stress, upon release of the
    Division 1 pressure vessel code, there is not specific guidance external means of alignment, the residual external bending
    on how to assess these loads. This has created a situation moments will have little effect on the joint integrity.
    where piping designers have employed a variety of methods,
    ranging from very conservative to possibly non-conservative. However, this does not mean that allowing high levels of
    A review of historical joint external load experiments is made external load on joints is a good idea. At the design phase it is
    in this paper, which highlights the relatively low risk of joint prudent to limit the external loads on a joint due to the fact
    leakage due to external loads. In addition, an improved that not all joints are properly assembled and the design piping
    method of assessing the acceptability of external loads for any loads are often increased in the field due to underestimation of
    given joint is introduced and compared to both test results and pipe or insulation weight, or fabrication tolerances and fit-up
    existing assessment methods. The method presented is based issues. In addition, forcing the piping designer to consider
    on probability of leakage for standard piping joints using the (and limit) external loads on bolted joints encourages good
    method outlined in Appendix O of ASME PCC-1 [1]. This piping layout practice (e.g.: not using the joint as the base for
    allows, in some cases, a much higher acceptable load than a cantilever that supports the entire piping system, for
    typically employed when using traditional methods such as the example). Without conservative limits on allowable joint
    Equivalent Pressure method. By allowing higher external external loads, the piping designer is allowed to resort to poor
    loads, it is possible to reduce the footprint of a process unit, piping layout practices.
    which saves money, while maintaining safety.
    So the selection of an appropriate method for assessing
    INTRODUCTION the effect of piping bending moments and external loads
    The effects of external loads on joint integrity can be during the design phase becomes a task in trying to set a limit
    summarized with the following statement: “with the exception that encourages good piping design, but is not so conservative
    of joints at high temperature, external forces and bending so as to require a significant increase in the number of piping
    moments will have little effect on the integrity of a properly supports or expansion loops. This paper examines previous
    assembled joint until the loads exceed normal piping test results and existing methods of assessing the effect of
    allowable design stress levels”. The more significant effect is external loads. In order to address limitations in current
    where an external load is applied during assembly, which approaches, a new method of assessing the maximum
    requires some of the bolt load to go into overcoming the

    1 Copyright © 2013 by ASME

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