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Complex Numbers Class XI

The document discusses basic concepts of complex numbers including: representing complex numbers in the form a + ib, adding and multiplying complex numbers, finding inverses and conjugates of complex numbers, expressing complex numbers in polar form, and solving quadratic equations. The class assignment includes very short answer, short answer, and long answer questions testing these concepts. The home assignment provides additional practice questions involving representing, manipulating, and solving with complex numbers.

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1K views6 pages

Complex Numbers Class XI

The document discusses basic concepts of complex numbers including: representing complex numbers in the form a + ib, adding and multiplying complex numbers, finding inverses and conjugates of complex numbers, expressing complex numbers in polar form, and solving quadratic equations. The class assignment includes very short answer, short answer, and long answer questions testing these concepts. The home assignment provides additional practice questions involving representing, manipulating, and solving with complex numbers.

Uploaded by

UdyamG
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class XI: Complex numbers and Quadratic Equations

Basic Concepts:

• A number of the form a + ib, where a and b are real numbers, is called a complex number, a is
called the real part and b is called the imaginary part of the complex number.
• Let z1 = a + ib and z2 = c + id. Then (i) z1 + z2 = (a + c) + i (b + d) (ii) z1 z2 = (ac – bd) + i
(ad + bc) For any non-zero complex number z = a + ib (a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0), there exists the complex

a −b 1
number +i 2 , denoted by or z −1 called the multiplicative inverse of z
a +b
2 2
a + b2 z
such that :

• For any integer k, i4k = 1, i4k + 1 = i, i4k + 2 = – 1, i4k + 3 = – i


__
• The conjugate of the complex number z = a + ib, denoted by z , is given by z = a – ib.

• The polar form of the complex number z = x + iy is r (cosθ + i sinθ), where r = x 2 + y2


x y
(the modulus of z) and cosθ = , sinθ = . (θ is known as the argument of z. The value of θ,
r r
such that – π < θ ≤ π, is called the principal argument of z.
• A polynomial equation of n degree has n roots.
• The solutions of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, c ∈ R, a ≠ 0,

− b ± i 4ac − b 2
b2 – 4ac < 0, are given by x=
2a

I Class Assignment:

 Very Short Answer Type Questions: (1 marks each)

Express each of the complex numbers in the form a + ib.


Find the multiplicative inverse of each of the complex numbers given below:

Find the modulus of the complex numbers given below:

Solve each of the following equations:

 Short Answer Type Questions: (4 marks each)


 Long Answer Type Questions: (6 marks each)

II Home assignment:

Express each of the complex numbers in the form a + ib.


Extra Questions for self-practice:

Q1. Express the following in the form (a + ib):

i) i15 – 3 i7 + 2i109 + i100 - i17 + 5 i3 .

ii) − 4 ( − 9 +3)+ − 49 (i3+ 3 ) - − 36 (2- − 121 ) + 5 i5

1 3
iii) ( + i) - (1-i)2 + i93 – 6 (5- − 4 ).
2 2

3 − − 25
iv)
− 49 + 4

Q2. Find the conjugate of the following:

1 7 − 9i
i) 7- i ii) (5+ 2i )2 iii)
2 2+i

Q3. Find the magnitude of following:

1
i) 12 i - 5 ii) iii) (3+2i)3
4i7

Q4. Find the multiplicative inverse of the following:

2 + 3i (i + 1)(i + 2)
i) (2-i)(3-i) ii) iii)
3 − 2i (i − 1)(i − 2)

Q5. Solve for x & y :

i) 3x + (2x-y)i = 6-3i

ii) 3+ I x2y = x2 + y + 4i

iii) x2 – 7x + 9y i = y2 i + 20i – 12.

Q6. Express in the polar form:

i) i ii) 3 sin45° + 3 cos45i ii) 2+2i

1+ i
Q7. If x + iy = , Prove that x2 + y2 = 1
1− i
Q8. If z = 1+i, evaluate z2 – 4 z + 13

Q9. If z1 = 2 + i , z2 = 2-3i , z3 = 4+5i , Evaluate:

i) Re ( z .z
1 2
) ii) Im ( z .z
2 3
)
z 3 z 1

Q10. Find the modulus and the argument of the following:

i) (2-i)2 ii) 1+ 3 i iii) 3 +i

Q11. Find the square roots of:

a) 1 − i

b) 2 − 3 i

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