What I Know

1. A 6. B
2. C 7. C
3. A 8. C
4. C 9. B
5. D 10. C
What I Need to Know
Look at the picture (a) shown above. What do you think is the role of the
pressure of the gas inside the balloon?
Answer: The gas keeps the balloon inflated. Within the balloon the gas
particles collide with its inner walls, which keeps the balloon inflated.

For picture (b) imagine the tire of a vehicle and the need to pump air into the
tire up to a given pressure.
a. What will happen if the pressure is much lower than what it should be?
Answer: If the pressure of the tire is much lower than what it should be,
it can lead to tire malfunction. Because of the low pressure the tire will
become deflated, and the rubber will touch the surface of the road,
which causes friction. Friction causes overheating, by this cause the
threads will separate and lead to malfunction.
b. What will happen if the pressure is much greater than what it should
be?
Answer: If the pressure of the tire is much greater than what it should
be the tire will become too inflated. Too much pressure leads to loss of
air because there is no space for the air to escape, if the air is trapped
and accumulated it will cause the tire to burst.
What’s New
Column A Column B
d 1. This is the most easily a. Torr
measured gas property defined as b. Atmosphere
the force exerted upon by colliding c. Evangelista Torricelli
molecules per unit area of a surface. d. Pressure
a 2. It refers to the equivalent unit e. Pascal
in millimeter of mercury (mmHg). f. Barometer
f 3. This instrument is commonly
used to measure the pressure of a
gas.
c 4. An Italian physicist who
 invented the barometer
e 5. It refers to a unit commonly
used to express gas pressure.

What’s More
“Pressure in Everyday Life”
Pressure is everywhere, it is already there when were born, and it will
continue to be there by the time we leave this world. In our body, pressure in
various parts are measured and provide medical indicators. For instance,
blood pressure is the common measured feature in our body. Common
arterial blood pressure measurements typically produce values of 120 mm Hg
and 80 mm Hg, respectively, for systolic and diastolic pressures. Both
pressures have health implications. When systolic pressure is chronically
high, the risk of stroke and heart attack is increased. If, however, it is too low,
fainting is a problem. On the other hand, diastolic pressure can be an indicator
of fluid balance. When low, it may indicate that a person is hemorrhaging
internally and needs a transfusion. Conversely, high diastolic pressure
indicates a ballooning of the blood vessels, which may be due to the
transfusion of too much fluid into the circulatory system. High diastolic
pressure is also an indication that blood vessels are not dilating properly to
pass blood through. This can seriously strain the heart in its attempt to pump
blood.

What I Have Learned

1. What is pressure?
Answer: Pressure is one variable of one state of matter called gas.
Pressure is defined as the force exerted per unit area. It refers to the
force exerted by colliding molecules per unit area of container walls.
2. What are the different units that can be used to measure and express
pressure? Then explain each briefly.
(a.) Standard Atmosphere (atm) - Commonly and widely used unit
pressure in chemistry; 1 atm is equal to 760 mmHg.
(b.) Torr (or mmHg) – Millimeter of mercury that represents the
pressure exerted by a column of a mercury which equates to
atmosphere.
(c.) Pounds per square inch (psi) – Express the pressure on the wall of
the gas container or the force per square inch of the unit area.
(d.) Kilopascal (kPa)-It is the SI unit for pressure and equal to 1000
pascals (Pa).
 3. The pressure of the air on a mountain is 0.978 atm. What will be the
pressure in the units of torr?
0.978 atm × 760 torr = 743.28 torr

4. The pressure inside the tires of a backhoe is 40 psi. What will be the
pressure in the units of atm?
40 psi 1 atm
× =¿ 2.721 atm
1 14.7 psi
5. The pressure of a certain valley below sea level is 200 kPa, what will be
the height of the mercury column in a barometer?
101.3 kPa = 760 mmHg
200 kPa 760 mmHg
× = 1500.5 mmHg
1 101.3 kPa

What’s More
1. The gas inside the tire has a volume of 20.00 L at a pressure of 5.00 atm.
Calculate the pressure of the gas if its volume is reduced to 10.0 at the
same temperature.
Given: V1= 20.00L V2 = 10.0L
P1 = 5.00 atm
Required: P2
Solution: P1V1 = P2V2 P2 = P1V1/V2
5.00 atm(20.00 L)
=
10.0l
= 10 atm
2. If 150.00 mL of N2 gas was collected at 760 torr, what is the new
volume of the gas when the pressure is compressed to 740 torr at the
same temperature?
Given: V1 = 150.00 mL
P1 = 760 torr P2=740 torr
Required: V2
Solution: P1V1 = P2V2 V 2 = P1V1/P2
760torr (150.00 mL)
=
740 torr

= 154.1 mL

3. At 300K, the given amount of fluorine gas has a volume of 30.0 L. What
will be the temperature if the gas occupies a volume of 25 L at constant
pressure?
 Given: V1 = 30.0 L V2 = 25
T1 = 300K
Required: T2
Solution: V1/T1 = V2/T2
V 2 = T1V2/V1
300 K (25 L)
=
30.0 L

= 250 K

4. A certain gas sample has a volume of 40.00 L at 273 K. At constant

pressure, the volume increase to 50.00 L. What will be the final
temperature of the gas?
Given: V1 = 40.00 L V2 = 50.00 L
T1 = 273 K
Required: T2
Solution: V1/T1 = V2/T2
V 2 = T1V2/V1
273 K (50.00 L)
=
40.00 L

= 341.25 K

5. At 55.00 L a compressible container contains 5.00 moles of a certain gas.

If 3.00 moles of a gas were added to the container, what will be its final
volume?
Given: n1 = 5.00 moles n2 = 3.00 moles
V1 = 55.00 L
Required: V2 =?
Solution: V1/n1 = V2/n2; V1n2 = n1V2
V 2 = V1n2/n1
55.00 L(3.00 moles +5.00)
=
5.00 moles

= 88L
What I Have Learned
1. Boyle’s Law

2. Charle’s Law

3. Boyle’s Law- When the lungs

expand the pressure in the body
is lower than the outside and vice
versa.
Charle’s Law – In winter, as
temperature of air decreases, the
temperature of air outside also
decreases.
Avogadro’s Law – the change of
volume in gas is directly
proportional to the number of
moles.
4. Boyle’s Law
 5. Avogrado’s Law

What’s More
B. Problem Solving
1. A sample of oxygen gas, which is saturated with water vapor, is kept in a
10-L vessel at 30°C and has a pressure of 758 Torr. If the pressure of the
water vapor at this temperature is 31.8 Torr, what would be the
pressure of the dry oxygen?
PO2 = 758 torr - 31.8 Torr
PO2 = 726.2 torr

2. If the oxygen gas sample in #1 passed through a drier that decreased

the pressure of the mixture to 750 Torr and the pressure exerted by the
water vapor is only 80% of the saturated vapor pressure at the given
temperature, what would be the pressure of the dry oxygen?
PO2 = 750 Torr – 0.80 (31.8 Torr)
PO2 = 724.6 Torr

3. In a gas mixture composed of N2, Ne, and He, the partial pressure of N2
is 0.50 atm, that of Ne is 1.1 atm, and the total pressure is 2.4 atm. What
is the partial pressure of He?
Pt = PN2 + PNe + PHe
2.4 atm = 0.50 atm + 1.1 atm + PHe
2.4 atm = 1.6 atm
PHe = 2.4 atm - 1.6 atm
PHe = 0.8 atm
4. In a gas mixture composed of N2, Ne, and He, the partial pressure of N2
is 0.50 atm, that of Ne is 1.1 atm, and that of He is 0.80 atm. Calculate the
mole fraction of each gas.
P n2 0.50 atm
XN2 = P = 2.4 atm = 0.21
T
P Ne 1.1 atm
XNe = P = 2.4 atm = 0.46
T
 P He 0.8 atm
XHe = P = 2.4 atm = 0.33
T

5. A gas mixture contains 2.5 mol N2 and 9.7 mol CO2, and has a pressure
of 2.3 atm. What is the partial pressure of each gas?
nn 2 2.5 mol N 2
PN2 = P = = 0.205(2.3) = 0.47
T 12.2
nCO 2 9.7 mol CO 2
PCO2 = P = = 0.795(2.3) = 1.83
T 12.2
Assessment: Post-Test
1. A 6. B
2. D 7. C
3. A 8. C
4. C 9. A
5. D 10. C