Science 7

Science – Grade 7
Science 7
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 2
Latitude and Longitude
 EXPECTATION S

This module aimed to describe latitude and longitude.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe the lines of latitude and lines of longitude;

2. locate the degrees of latitude and longitude; and
3. show how latitude and longitude affect the environment of a place.

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is the reference point when locating the latitude of a
place?
A. Equator C. Parallels
B. Meridians D. Poles

2. What cardinal direction is to the right of prime meridian?

A. East C. South
B. North D. West

3. How do lines of longitude differ from lines of latitude?

A. Latitude determines north or south direction while longitude determines
west or east direction
B. Latitude determines west or east direction while longitude determines
north or south direction
C. Latitude starts at prime meridian while longitude starts at equator
D. Both latitude and longitude are coordinate system

4. Why there are 24 lines of longitude?

A. Because it represents 24 hours
B. Because 360° divided by 15° per meridian
C. Because 12 lines for Eastern hemisphere and 12 lines for Western
hemisphere
D. None of the above

5. The following are important functions of latitude and longitude except?

A. For navigation
B. For locating places
C. For studying abroad
D. For describing a place
 RECAP
Matching type. Match each imaginary line with the correct description. Write your
answer before each number.

a. network of intersecting latitudes

and longitudes
_______1. Latitude
b. serves as a reference point for
_______2. Longitude measuring the distance north or
south, located at zero degree (0º)
_______3. Equator c. serves as a reference point for
measuring the distance east or
_______4. Prime meridian
west, located at zero degree (0º)
_______5. Coordinate System d. imaginary line that runs through
the Earth’s surface from East to
West
e. imaginary line that runs through
the Earth’s surface from North
pole to South pole

LESSON

LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE

In previous module, you have learned the different imaginary lines and its
description, before locating places on the globe it is necessary to understand more
about latitude and longitude.

75° 75°

45° 45°

15° 15°

15° 15°

Figure 1. Latitude
45° 45°

75° 75°

Figure 1. Latitude and Longitude

 Figure 2. Degrees of Latitude and Longitude

Latitude

The reference point for latitude is the equator. The equator is at latitude 0° (zero
degree). Starting from the equator going northward the lines of latitude measures
15°N (fifteen degrees north), 30°N, 45°N, 60°N, 75°N, and 90°N (North Pole) with
equal measurement of 15° per line.
Based on the figures above, the globe does not show all lines of latitude. If
you are going to look for 50°N, in which lines of latitude you should look? If you
think between 45°N and 60°N, then you are right.

Moreover, starting from the equator going southward the lines of latitude measures
15°S (fifteen degrees south), 30°S, 45°S, 60°S, 75°S, and 90°S (South Pole) also
with equal measurement of 15° per line.
Still based on the figures above if you wish to find 20°S, in which lines of
latitude you should look? If you say between 15°S and 30°S, then you are correct.

Longitude

The reference point for longitude is the Prime meridian. The prime meridian is at
longitude 0° (zero degree). To the right of Prime meridian, the longitude measures
this way: 15°E (fifteen degrees east), 30°E, 45°E, 60°E, 75°E, 90°E, and so on until
180°E, while to the left of Prime meridian, the longitude measures this way: 15°W
(fifteen degrees west), 30°W, 45°W, 60°W, 75°W, 90°W, and so on until 180°W.
Based on the figures above, the globe measures a total of 360° divided by 15°
(degrees per line) therefore there are 24 lines of longitude, 12 longitudes for
Western Hemisphere and 12 also for Eastern Hemisphere.

Since there are equal degrees per line of longitude, if you are going to look
for 80°W, in which lines of longitude you should look? If you think between 75°W
and 90°W, then you are right. How about 122°W? You may find it between 120°W
and 135°W.
 Latitude and longitude also help in determining the kind of environment a
place may have, for example if a place is located in higher latitude that place has
colder temperature and may experience different seasons, unlike places in lower
latitude those places have warmer temperature and may experience extreme
weather.
However, if a place is in higher longitude in western hemisphere that place
may experience cold climate, on the other side of the hemisphere in eastern places,
may experience extreme weather like strong typhoons.

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1: Latitude or Longitude?

Direction: Distinguish the following statement whether latitude or longitude.
Write your answer on the space provided.

_____________1. You wanted to measure west or east direction

_____________2. Philippines is located at 13° N
_____________3. Your friend wanted to visit 38° N, because she is a Kpop fan
_____________4. Reference point is the prime meridian
_____________5. Greenwich, England is at 0°
_____________6. Philippines is located at 122° W
_____________7. You found out that there are 12 meridians in both Western
and Eastern Hemispheres
_____________8. Reference point is the equator
_____________9. Degrees per parallel from the equator is increasing

_____________10. Measures north or south direction

Activity 2: Degrees of Latitude and Longitude

Procedure:

1. Study the map below.

2. Using the terms below label latitudes and longitudes on the world map.
 1.

14 .
2.
13. 3.

4.

5.

6.

7.
12.
8.
11.
9.
10 .

90º N 180º W 45º E

45º N 135º W 90º E
0º Latitude 90º W 135º E
45º S 45º W 180º E
90º S 0º Longitude

Activity 3: Latitude, Climate and Environment

Procedure: Complete the table below.

Place – (Climate/Environment Give the nearest latitude

Manila, Philippines – experience different

extreme weather, rich in rain forest
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia – summer heat is
intense, has desert

Tokyo, Japan - has four seasons

Toronto, Canada – has winter season

Guide Question:

What is the relationship of latitude and climate/environment?

WRAP-UP
Using the terms below, determine whether it is describing a characteristic of latitude or
longitude and enter the information into the appropriate row of the table below.

equator Measures prime Measures 0°

is the starting 0° to 90° N meridian to 180° W
point is the starting
point
how far north parallel how far east meridian
or south or west

LATITUDE

LONGITUDE

VALUING
What is the latitude and longitude of the farthest place you have visited? (If
you have not gone anywhere outside the Philippines, pick a place you would like to
visit) why did you visit or pick that place?
Why it is important to locate latitude and longitude?

POSTTEST
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is the reference point when locating the longitude of a
place?
A. Equator C. Prime meridian
B. Latitude D. Poles
2. What cardinal direction is to the left of prime meridian?
A. East C. South
B. North D. West
3. How many degrees are there per line of longitude and latitude?
A. 0° B. 15° C. 90° D. 360°
4. Why equator and prime meridian need to be determined first before locating
the latitude and longitude?
A. Because both equator and prime meridian are easy to find
B. Because both equator and prime meridian are coordinates
C. Because both equator and prime meridian are located at 0°
D. Because both equator and prime meridian are located at 180°
5. How does latitude affect the climate and environment of a place?
A. Places in higher latitude have colder temperature
B. Places in lower latitude have warmer temperature
C. Places in different latitudes have different environment
D. All of the above
A. Book
Asuncion et. al. 2017. Science Learner’s Module. Pasig. FEP Printing Corporation

B. Online and Electronic Sources

https://journeynorth.org/tm/LongitudeIntro.html

https://astro.unl.edu/naap/motion1/tc_units.html#:~:text=The%20primary%20uni t
%20in%20which,into%2060%20seconds%20(%E2%80%9D).