Math 11-CORE Gen Math-Q1-Week-1
Math 11-CORE Gen Math-Q1-Week-1
EVALUATING AND
PERFORMING OPERATIONS
ON FUNCTIONS
for General Mathematics
Senior High School (CORE)
Quarter 1 / Week 1
1
FOREWORD
2
OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:
K: represent real-life situations using functions, including
piecewise;
S: evaluate and perform operations on functions; and
A: appreciate the use of functions to real-life situations.
I. WHAT HAPPENED
PRE-TEST:
Instruction: Read each statement carefully then choose the letter of the best answer. Write
your answer in your notebook.
1. What do we call the elements of x or inputs of functions?
A. Domain B. relation C. range D. none of them
2. What do we call the elements of y or outputs of functions?
A. domain B. relation C. range D. none of them
3. In a given relation below, what is the range?
3
This image is a visual representation of function because they have an input, process, and
output.
DISCUSSION
What is a function?
Definition of Functions
• It is a set of ordered pairs of elements x variable and y variable where the first element
x is not repeating.
• It is a set of ordered pairs of elements x and y variables where the second element y
is repeating, or it is called many to one function.
• Every value of x corresponds to a unique value of y it is called one to one function.
• If every value of x corresponds two or more value of y which is called relation not a
function because function has no element of x is repeating.
Note: All functions are a relation but not all relations are functions.
Functions as representations of real-life situations
Identifying an appropriate function will lead to a better understanding of various phenomena.
Example 1: Give a function C that can represent the cost of buying x meals if one meal costs
₱40.
Solution: Since each meal cost ₱40, then the cost of function is 𝐶 (𝑥 ) = 40𝑥
Example 2: One hundred meters of fencing is available to enclose a rectangular area next to a
river (see illustration below). Give a function A that can represent the area that can be enclose,
in terms of x.
4
𝑦 = 50 − .5𝑥
Since the equation A= xy, substitute the value of 𝑦 = 50 − .5𝑥 to A=xy
𝐴 = 𝑥(50 − .5𝑥 ); {𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑦 𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦}
𝐴 = 50𝑥 −. 5𝑥 2 ; {𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑡 𝐴 𝑎𝑠 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐴(𝑥)}
𝐴 = 50𝑥 −. 5𝑥 2
What is Piecewise Function?
Example 1: A user is charge₱300 monthly for a mobile plan, which includes 100 free text
messages. Messages more than 100 are charged ₱1 each. Represent the amount of a consumer
pays each month as a function of the number of messages m sent in a month.
Solution: Let 𝑡(𝑚) represent the amount paid by the consumer each month. It can be
expressed by the piece-wise function.
300 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑚 ≤ 100
𝑡(𝑚) = {
300 + 𝑚 𝑖𝑓 > 100
Example 2: A jeepney ride cost ₱8 for the first 4km, and each additional integer kilometer
adds ₱1.50 to the fare. Use a piecewise function to represent the jeepney fare in terms of the
distance d in kilometer.
Solution: The input value is distance, and the output is the cost of the jeepney fare. If 𝑓(𝑑 )
represents the far as a function of distance, the function can be represented as follows:
8 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑑 ≤ 4
𝐹 (𝑑 ) = {
8 + 1.5𝑑 𝑖𝑓 𝑚 > 4
5
4. A courier company charges ₱100 per package weighing 2kg or less. They charge ₱15 for
each additional kilogram or fraction of a kilogram up to 5 kg. Write a piecewise function that
gives the cost C for shipping a package weighing k kilograms.
5. Elaine is paying ₱799 for an internet service with 3GB monthly data and a connection fee
of ₱20 per hour more than the data. Represent her monthly bill as a function of connection
time.
I. WHAT HAPPENED
Review: PEMDAS (Parenthesis, Exponent, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction)
Grouping Symbols
4(−1)2 − 8 ÷ 2 × 3 + 1
Exponents
𝟒 ( 𝟏) − 𝟖 ÷ 𝟐 × 𝟑 + 𝟏
Multiplication and Division {whichever comes first}
𝟒−𝟖÷𝟐×𝟑+𝟏
𝟒−𝟒×𝟑+𝟏
𝟒 − 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟏
Addition and Subtraction {whichever comes first}
−8 + 1
−7
PRE-TEST
Instructions: Evaluate the following functions at 𝑥 = 1.5. Answer in your activity
notebook/sheets.
a. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 + 1
b. 𝑞(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2
c. 𝑔(𝑥 ) = √𝑥 + 1
2𝑥+1
d. 𝑟 (𝑥 ) =
𝑥−1
6
Solution:
Step 1: Write the original function.
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2
Step 2: Substitute the given value to the variable.
𝑓 (−1) = 2(−1)2 − 3(−1) + 2
Step 3: Simplify by applying the order of operations.
𝑓 (−1) = 2(1) + 3 + 2
𝑓 (−1) = 2 + 3 + 2
𝑓 (−1) = 7
Example 2.
Find 𝑔(−4) and 𝑟(1) where 𝒈 and 𝒓 are as defined in 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 + 1.
Solution: This is not possible because −4 is not the domain of 𝑔(𝑥) and 1 is not in the domain
of 𝑟(𝑥).
Example 3.
Evaluate the following functions, where 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 + 1 and 𝑞(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2.
a. 𝑓(3𝑥 − 1) b. 𝑞(2𝑥 + 3)
Solution:
a. To evaluate 𝑓 (3𝑥 − 1), {𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑥 𝑖𝑛 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 + 1 𝑏𝑦 3𝑥 − 1}
𝑓 (3𝑥 − 1) = 2(3𝑥 − 1) + 1 ; {𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦}
= 6𝑥 − 2 + 1; {𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝑎𝑑𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑘𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑠}
𝑓 (3𝑥 − 1) = 6𝑥 − 1
7
LESSON 3 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
I. WHAT HAPPENED
QUICK REVIEW
*Adding, subtracting and multiplying two or more functions together will result in
another function. Dividing two functions together will result in another function if the
denominator or divisor is not the zero function.
PRE-TEST
Perform the indicated operation:
3 6 6 5𝑥
1. 4 + 5 = 4. 𝑥 ÷ 3 =
6 5 2𝑥−1 𝑥 2 −4
2. − = 5. ∙ =
7 2 𝑥+2 2𝑥−1
2 1
3. + 𝑥−3 =
𝑥+7
8
= 𝑥 + 3 – ( 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 – 8) by substitution
= 𝑥 + 3 – 𝑥 2 – 2𝑥 + 8 by distributive property
= −𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 11 by combining like terms
𝑓
Example 4. Determine the function (𝑔) (𝑥).
𝑓 𝒇(𝒙)
Solution. ( 𝑔 ) (𝑥) = by definition
𝒈(𝒙)
(𝑥 + 3)
= by substitution
( 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 – 8)
(𝑥 + 3)
= by factoring
( 𝑥 +4)(𝑥 – 2)
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES
Example 1. Consider the following functions below:
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 + 3 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 8
𝑥+7
𝑝(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 − 7 ℎ (𝑥 ) = 2−𝑥
Determine the following.
a) (𝑓 + 𝑝)(𝑥) c) (𝑝 – ℎ)(𝑥) e) (𝑓 ◦ 𝑔)(𝑥)
b) (𝑝/ℎ)(𝑥) d) (𝑓 ∙ 𝑔)(𝑥)
Solution.
9
a) (f + p)(x) = f(x) + p(x) by definition
= x + 3 + 2x – 7 by substitution
= 3x – 4 combining like terms
4𝑥−2𝑥 2 −14+7𝑥
= by distributive property
𝑥+7
−2𝑥 2 +11𝑥−14
= combining like terms
𝑥+7
−2𝑥 2 +10𝑥−21
= simplifying the numerator
2−𝑥
10
2𝑥 𝑥−1
=𝑥−1 ∙ 2
=x
𝑥 2𝑥 2𝑥 2𝑥
2𝑓(𝑥) 2( )
(g ◦ f)(x) = g(f(x)) = = 𝑥
𝑥−2
= 𝑥−2
𝑥−1(𝑥−2) = 𝑥−2
𝑥−𝑥+2 = 𝑥−2
2
𝑓(𝑥)−1 −1
𝑥−2 𝑥−2 𝑥−2 𝑥−2
2𝑥 𝑥−2
= 𝑥−2 ∙ =x
2
POST TEST:
Find and simplify the following functions given f(x) and g(x):
1. f(x) = x + 2 ; g(x) = x2 – 4
(f + g)(x) =
𝑥−2 1
3. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = ; 𝑔 (𝑥 ) =
𝑥+2 𝑥
(f ∙ g)(x) =
4 2
4. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥+3; 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 𝑥+3
(f – g)(x) =
5. f(x) = x2 – 2x + 1 ; g(x) = x + 2
(f ◦ g)(x) =
11
SYNOPSIS
WRITERS
12
ANSWER KEY
LESSON 1
LESSON 3
Pre-test
Pre-Test
1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A 39 23 3𝑥+1 18
Posttest 1. 20 2. − 14 3. (𝑥+7)(𝑥−3) 4. 5𝑥 2 5. 𝑥 − 2
1000 𝑖𝑓 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3
1. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = {
1000 + 400(𝑥 − 3) 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 4 Posttest
𝑥
2. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 700 (4) , 𝑥 ∈ 𝑁
150𝑥 𝑖𝑓 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 20 1. 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 2 2. 𝑥 + 2
130𝑥 𝑖𝑓 21 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 50
3. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = { 𝑥−2 2
110𝑥 𝑖𝑓 51 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 100 3.
𝑥(𝑥+2)
4.
𝑥+3
100𝑥 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 100
100 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑥 ≤ 2 5. 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1
115 𝑖𝑓 2 < 𝑥 ≤ 3
4. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = {
130 𝑖𝑓 3 < 𝑥 ≤ 4
145 𝑖𝑓 4 < 𝑥 ≤ 5
5. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 799 + 20𝑥
LESSON 2
Pre-test
a. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 4
b. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 1.25
c. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = √2.5
d. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 8
Posttest
1. a. 𝑓 (0) = 2
b. 𝑓 (3) = 1
c. 𝑓 (−1) = −3
2. a. 𝑓 (1) = 4
b. 𝑓 (2) = 2
c. 𝑓 (−1) = −4
4√2
d. 𝑓(√2) = 2
1
e. 𝑓 (1−𝑥) = 4 − 4𝑥
13
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL
ROSELA R. ABIERA
Education Program Supervisor – (LRMS)
MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian II (LRMDS)
ELMAR L. CABRERA
PDO II (LRMDS)
NAME OF WRITER
DOMINADOR A. JUMAO-AS
RONALD G. TOLENTINO
ALPHA QA TEAM
LITTIE BETH S. BERNADEZ
MERCYDITHA D. ENOLPE
RONALD TOLENTINO
DIDITH T. YAP
BETA QA TEAM
ELIZABETH A. ALAP-AP
EPIFANIA Q. CUEVAS
NIDA BARBARA S. SUASIN
VRENDIE P. SYGACO
MELBA S. TUMARONG
HANNAHLY I. UMALI
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The information, activities and assessments used in this material are designed to provide
accessible learning modality to the teachers and learners of the Division of Negros Oriental. The
contents of this module are carefully researched, chosen, and evaluated to comply with the set
learning competencies. The writers and evaluator were clearly instructed to give credits to
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