CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 7

QUARTER 1, WEEK 7
DIGITAL IMAGING AND INTERACTIVE DESIGNING

Name of the Learner: _____________________________________________ Section: ________________________

School: _____________________________________________________________ Date: ___________________________

I. Learning Competencies

 Disclose the underlying theoretical backgrounds and principles governing

digital imaging and interactive graphics. (SSP_TLE-CT7DIID-Ih-j-1.0)
 Define digital imaging and interactive graphics using organizers and
infographics. (SSP_TLE-CT7DIID-Ih-j-1.1)
 Trace the historical footprints of computer graphics through an oral report
using infographics and/or multimedia presentation. (SSP_TLE-CT7DIID-Ih-j-
1.2)
 Present the overview of the programmer’s model of interactive graphics
through digitally-created interactive games (e.g., Jeopardy, Kakasa Ka Ba sa
Grade 5, Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, Game Ka Na Ba?, Word Craft, and the
like). (SSP_TLE-CT7DIID-Ih-j-1.3)
 Modify raster and vector images using image-editing tools (e.g., gimp, paint,
photoshop for raster while illustrator and inkscape for vector images).
(SSP_TLE-CT7DIID-Ih-j-1.4)
 Show creativity and ingenuity in digital imaging and interactive designing.
(SSP_TLE-CT7DIID-Ih-j-1.5)

II. Key Concepts

This sheet is focused on digital imaging and interactive designing, especially brief
history of computer graphics, overview of the programmer’s model of interactive
graphics and advantages of interactive graphics, and image editing and processing.
Displayed below are the brief discussion and assessments with regard to these
topics. Read the directions, answer what is asked, and do the activity.

III. Activity

Computer Graphics

Computer graphics is an area of computer science that deals with the theory and
technology of computerized image fusion. A scene can be represented by a
computer-generated picture as simple as a triangular shape. The computer has
evolved into a strong instrument for swiftly and cost-effectively making graphics.
When using a computer to generate images, the same steps are followed as when
generating images by hand. Several significant computer graphics disciplines benefit
from the process's core computational phases.

On computers, the phrase "computer graphics" refers to nearly everything. We

conceive of computer graphics in the computer graphics program's classroom as
creating images on machines, a process known as rendering. Photos, drawings,
animations, and illustrations of imagined goods can all be used. Or they could be
photos of interior bodily components that we can't view immediately.

We've spent a lot of effort figuring out how computer graphics can mimic real-world
settings. We want items on computers to look more realistic not only in terms of
their appearance, but also in terms of their colors and how various materials appear.
It's referred to as "real image synthesis."

“Almost anything on the computer, including text or sound,” has been defined as
computer graphics. The phrase "computer graphics" often refers to the following:

 Image data representation and manipulation on a computer.

 Images may be created and manipulated using a variety of methods.
 Computer graphics is a branch of computer science that investigates ways for
combining and altering visual material digitally.

Transformation is the next field of computer graphics that deals with the positioning
of a triangle. The mapping of a triangle in picture space may be obtained using
matrices. The transformation matrix can also be used to modify the position and
orientation of the displayed picture. We may also change the triangle's size.
Computer graphics can be a collection of pictures known as a movie or a single
image. Computer graphics is a branch of computer science that deals with the
creation of images and designs on computers. As a result, computer graphics are
visual representations of data shown on a computer monitor.

"The use of a computer to define, store, modify, interrogate, and portray graphical
output is known as computer graphics." A pixel is a unit of measurement in
computer graphics.

History of Computer Graphics

Visit:
https://deseng.ryerson.ca/dokuwiki/mec222:brief_history_of_computer_graphics

Types of Computer Graphics

Interactive Computer Graphics

Users have some influence over the picture in interactive computer graphics, i.e., the
user may make any modifications to the image created.

Interactive computer graphics entails two-way communication between the

machine and the user. For instance: ping-pong game, drawing on touch screens,
display weather forecast or other moving charts/graphs on the screen, animating
pictures or graphics in movies, and graphics animation in video games.

The construction of a contemporary graphics display is fairly straightforward. It is

made up of three elements:
 Display Controller or Video Controller

It's an interface for a Memory Buffer and a TV Monitor. Its job is to send the
contents of the Frame Buffer to the monitor. Each continuous byte of Memory
frame buffer data is read by the display controller, which translates 0s and 1s
into suitable video signals.

The display controller is now referred to as a display card, and one of our
options is a VGA (Video Graphics Array) card with a resolution of 640x480
pixels. The picture can also be shown in color using the Display Controller.

Digital Memory or Frame Buffer

This is where photographs and pictures are saved in an array format (matrix
of 0 & 1, 0 represents darkness, and 1 represents image or picture). A frame
buffer is another name for it.

The frame buffer is now known as V-RAM (video RAM), and it aids in the
storage of images in bit form. It aids in the acceleration of graphics.

Television Monitor

Monitors employ CRT (Cathode ray tube) technology to allow us to view the
display.

Advantages: superior quality, more accurate outcomes or products, increased

productivity, lower cost of development, and increases the ability to understand
information and interpret patterns significantly
Non-Interactive Computer Graphics

Passive computer graphics refers to non-interactive computer graphics. The user

has no influence over the picture in this sort of computer graphics. The photo is
entirely controlled by the program's instructions, not by the user. For instance:
screen savers, map representation of the data, graphic elements that are used in the
text, document, and PDF presentation, static images that are used in mobile
applications and websites, business graphics that are used as brochures, business
cards, menu of the hotel.

The graphics can be represented in one of two ways:

Raster Graphics

The image is shown as a rectangular grid of colored squares in raster

graphics.

Bitmap pictures are sometimes known as raster images. Pixels are a

collection of little individual dots that make up a bitmap picture.

For a smooth look, bitmap pictures require high resolution and anti-aliasing.

Vector Graphics

The picture is represented in vector graphics as a series of continuous

geometric objects such as lines, curves, and so on.

The pixel pattern is not used in vector graphics. To draw lines and curves,
they employ mathematical formulae. A picture may be created by combining
the lines and curves.

For instance: PowerPoint, Corel Draw, etc.

 Fig.: Raster (Composition of Paths) Vector (Composition of Pixels)

Difference between Raster and Vector Graphics

Applications of Computer Graphics

The following are some examples of computer graphics applications:
Graphic User Interface (GUI)

It is a method of communicating with a computer through the use of icons, menus,

and other visual, graphic elements.

Art

Computer graphics offers a fresh approach to design. Illustrator, Coral Draw,

Photoshop, Adobe Muse, and other tools are used by many artists and designers to
create new designs.

Entertainment

Computer graphics enable users to create animated films and video games. Scenes
are created using computer graphics. Special effects and animations are also created
using computer graphics.

Presentations

Computer graphics are used to create charts, bar diagrams, and other images for
presentations. The user can easily understand the points with a graphical
presentation.

Engineering Drawings

Computer graphics has also given us the ability to create 3D models, home circuits,
and engineering drawings, among other things, which has been beneficial to us.

Education and Training

Simulators also employ computer visuals to give instruction to pupils. Students may
learn about the devices without having to test them out for themselves.

Medical Imaging

Because of computer graphics, MRIs, CT scans, and other interior scans are feasible.

Flight Simulator

Pilots of airplanes receive instruction using computer graphics. Instead of flying real
planes, pilots spend a lot of time practicing on a ground-based flight simulator.

Printing Technology
Textile design and flex printing both involve computer graphics.

Typography

Character drawings are being used to replace the scribbled form of the past in
printing.

Satellite Imaging

To forecast cloud movement and forecast the weather, computer images are
employed.

Cartography

Maps are created using computer graphics.

CAD/CAM

Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing are other terms for

CAD/CAM. Prototypes, completed goods, and manufacturing processes are all
designed and built using CAD/CAM.

Advantages of Computer Graphics

The following are some of the most significant advantages of computer graphics:

 Increase Productivity
 Computer graphics give us tools for creating pictures of solid objects as well
as of theoretical, engineered objects.
 Computer graphics also point out the moving images.
 The computer can store complex drawings and display complex pictures.
 Sound cards are used to make computers produce sound effects led to other
uses of graphics.

Disadvantages of Computer Graphics

The following are some of the issues with computer graphics:

 Hardware characteristics and cost.

 Technical issues.
 Coupling issues (display-to-simulation).
 Define the motion.
 Structure of drawings (making the structure explicit).
 Hidden line removal.
 Program instrumentation and visualization.
IV. References

 Computer Graphics Tutorial. (2019, December 11). Tutorial and Example.

Retrieved from https://www.tutorialandexample.com/computer-graphics-
tutorial/
 Applications of Computer Graphics. (2019, December 11). Tutorial and
Example. Retrieved from
https://www.tutorialandexample.com/applications-of-computer-graphics/
 Activity 1: Beautify Me!

Objective

 Demonstrate editing skills by beautifying a picture

What you need

 Mobile phone or camera

 Photo editing tools or applications

What to do

Capture an original picture of anything or anyone or any situation. Display creativity

and ingenuity in editing images by beautifying the captured picture. Submit the before-and-
after output in our Google Classroom.

Example:

The output shall be graded following the criteria as shown below.

CRITERIA:
Creativity - 50%
Changes - 25%
Quality - 25%
TOTAL - 100%