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Math 9 - Quarter 4 - Week 8

This document provides a lesson on the Sine Law and Cosine Law for solving oblique triangles. It defines acute, obtuse, and oblique triangles and explains how to use the Sine Law and Cosine Law to find missing side lengths and angle measures. Examples are worked through, and students are given practice problems to solve oblique triangles using the two laws.

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Roshelle Leuterio
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133 views9 pages

Math 9 - Quarter 4 - Week 8

This document provides a lesson on the Sine Law and Cosine Law for solving oblique triangles. It defines acute, obtuse, and oblique triangles and explains how to use the Sine Law and Cosine Law to find missing side lengths and angle measures. Examples are worked through, and students are given practice problems to solve oblique triangles using the two laws.

Uploaded by

Roshelle Leuterio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: ___________________________________________ Date: _____________________

Grade and Section: _______________________________ Score: ____________________

MATHEMATICS -9
Quarter IV Week 8

Lesson 3/Topics: SINE LAW and COSINE LAW


MELC: M9GE-IVf-g-1

LAW OF SINES

Key Concept
 The law of sines play fundamental roles in solving oblique triangles- triangles
without a right angle. Every oblique triangle is either acute, all angles are
between 00 and 900 or obtuse, one angle is between 900 and 1800

 Oblique Triangle- is a triangle which does not contain any right angle and may be
classified into two :acute triangle and obtuse triangle.
 Acute Triangle- is a triangle whose angles are all less than 90 0.
 Obtuse Triangle- is a triangle in which one of the angles is more than 90 0.

The law of sines is generally used to solve the:


ASA- Two angles and included side.
AAS/SAA – Two angles and not included side.
SSA – two sides and not included angle.

b a

A B
c
sin A sin B sin C
=
a b = c
LAW OF COSINES

Key Concept
 Oblique triangles can be solved using the Law of Cosines. This law states
that: In any triangle the square of the length of one side is equal to the sum of
the squares of the other two sides minus twice the product of these sides
and the cosine of the angle between them.
 Law of Cosines – If two sides and an included angle or three sides are given
in a triangle, then the law of sines is not particularly helpful in solving the
triangle, the Pythagorean theorem for right triangles can be generalized into
another law, called the law of cosines.

In any triangle ABC, with sides a,b, and c


SINE LAW ( used scientific calculator )
Illustrative example: B
680
c =? a=6

A 420 C
b=?
Find the following:
b
∠C
c
Solutions:
For value of b ( AAS )
sin A sin B
=
a b → Formula to use to solve for b
sin 42 sin 68
=
6 b → substitute the given value

b sin420 = 6 sin 680 →cross multiply


0.6691b = 6(0.9272) → compute for the values of sin 42 and sin 68 using the
scientific
calculator
0.6691b = 5.5632 → simplify the resulting equation
5.5632
b = 0.6691 → solve for b
b = 8.31

COSINE LAW
Illustrative example ( note: use scientific calculator )
1.
 Find the measure of angle C.
C

b=9 a=6

A c= 8
First we must identify our sides. We are looking for ∠C thus c = 8 (because the side
across from angle C is 8 .)

Let's substitute our values into the formula:

Now we need to simplify the equation and solve for C:

C = Cos-1 = .4907

C = 60.610 or→ ∠C = 60.610

Carefully input this into your calculator. Remember that the arccos ( Cos-1 )button may
look like this:

2.  Find the measure of angle A (using the same triangle in the example above).
Now that we know the measure of angle C, we could use the Law of Sines to find the
measure of angle A. However, if we made a mistake on angle C, then our answer for
angle A would also be incorrect. So let's use the Law of Cosines again:

First we must identify our sides. Since we are now looking for angle A, c = 6 (because the
side across from angle A is 6 .)
Let's substitute our values into the formula:

a2 = b2 + c2 – 2bcCosA

62 = 92 + 82 – 2(9)(8)CosA

Now we need to simplify the equation and solve for A:

36 = 81 + 64 – 144CosA
36 = 145 – 144CosA

-109 = -144CosA

−109
= CosA
−144

109
CosA =
144
109 109
A = arcCos → or A = Cos-1
144 144

Carefully input this into your calculator.

A = Cos-1 0.7569

A = 40.810 or→ ∠ A = 40.810

For finding the value of angle B


∠B = 180 – ( ∠ A + ∠C )
∠B = 180 – (40.81 + 60.61)
∠B = 180 – 101.42

∠B = 78.580

Activity 1
Directions: Use the sine law and cosine law to solve the oblique triangles.

For numbers 1,2,3, Refer to figure 1


1) The degree measure of angle near the cellphone is_________
2) The degree measure of angle beside tower A is _______
3) The degree measure of angle beside tower B is _______
Figure 2
For numbers 4,5,6, Refer to figure 2
4) The degree measure of angle near the fire is_________
5) The distance between ranger’s tower and water tower is ____________
6) The distance between ranger’s tower and fire is ____________

Guide Question:
1. What are your thoughts about the activity?
2. Which among the given problems is easier for you, Why?
3. Are the given sketches/figures helpful? Why?

Activity 2
Evaluation
Directions: Solve the oblique triangles using the sin law and cosine law write the letter
of the correct answer on the answer sheet provided.

Figure 1

For numbers 1,2,3, refer to figure 1


1) The degree measure of ∠ A is __________
a)700 b) 800 c) 900 d) 1000
2) The distance of A to B is ________
a)42.75ft b) 45.75ft c) 47.75ft d) 49.75ft
3) The distance of A to C is __________
a) 60.50 ft b) 64.50 ft c) 66.50 ft d) 68.50 ft
For numbers 4,5,6, refer to figure 2
4) The distance of A to M is _____
a) 53.90 m b) 55.90 m c) 57.90 m d) 59.90 m

5) The degree measure of ∠ A is _____


a) 94.470 b) 96.470 c) 98.470 d) 100.470

6) The degree measure of ∠ M is _____


a) 43.530 b) 45.530 c)47.530 d) 49.530

Refer to figure 3 to answer the questions in numbers 7,8,9.


7) The degree measure of angle near the plane is____
a) 1300 b) 1500 c) 1600 d) 1700
8) The distance from plane to disc A is _______
a) 10.97 miles b) 14.97 miles c) 17.97 miles d) 24.97 miles
9) The distance between plane and disc B is______
a) 1.76 miles b) 2.76 miles c) 4.76 miles d) 6.76 miles
Answer Key
ACTIVITY 1
1) 100.950 2) 55.720 3) 23.330 4) 490 5) 202.45 ft 6) 266.24 ft
ACTIVITY 2 (Evaluation)
1) a 2) a 3) c 4) a 5) d 6) c 7) a 8) b 9) d

References
MATHEMATICS-9 – Learner’s Materials
PRECALCULUS
MATH WEBSITE

Prepared by:

SALVADOR A. MIRALLES
Writer MT II AAMNHS
Victoria District

Checked and Verified by:

RONNIE B. CODON MICHAEL LLAVE EMELYN M. ARANAS, EdD


MT-I - LMNHS HT-III- LMNHS HT-III- NMHS

Inspected by:

ELMAR T. ALZATE
EPS Mathematics

Published by: Department of Education Division of Oriental Mindoro


Schools Division Superintendent: Susana M. Bautista
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: Rafael G. Manalo, Ph.D.
Curriculum Implementation Division Chief: Charity R. Agabas-Capunitan
Education Program Supervisor Mathematics: Elmar T. Alzate
Learning Resource Management Section Supervisor: Elmer P. Concepcion

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