USN 15EC61

Sixth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June/July 2018

Digital Communication

Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 80

Note: Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing one full question from each module.
2. Any revealing of identification, appeal to evaluator and /or equations written eg, 42+8 = 50, will be treated as malpractice.

Module-1
1 a. Define Hilbert transform. List the properties of the Hilbert transform. (04 Marks)
b. Obtain the canonical representation of band pass signals. (06 Marks)
c. What is line coding? For the binary stream 011010 sketch the following line codes:
i) Unipolar NRZ
Important Note : 1. On completing your answers, compulsorily draw diagonal cross lines on the remaining blank pages.

ii) Polar NRZ

iii) Unipolar RZ
iv) Bipolar RZ
v) Manchester (06 Marks)

OR
2 a. Define pre-envelope of a real valued signal. Given a band pass signal s(t), sketch the
amplitude spectra of signal s(t), pre-envelope st(t) and complex envelope ~s (t ) . (04 Marks)
b. Derive the expression for the complex low pass representation of band pass systems.
(08 Marks)
c. Write a note on HDBN signaling. (04 Marks)

Module-2
3 a. Explain the geometric representation of signals. Show that energy of the signal is equal to
the squared length of the vector representing it. (08 Marks)
b. Derive the expressions for mean and variance of the correlator outputs. Also show that the
correlator outputs are statistically independent. (08 Marks)

OR
4 a. Explain the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure. (06 Marks)
b. Obtain the maximum likelihood decision rule for the signal detection problem. (10 Marks)

Module-3
5 a. Explain the signal space representation for binary phase shift keying modulation. Also
derive the expression for the probability of error for the binary phase shift keying. (10 Marks)
b. With a neat block diagram, explain the generation and coherent detection of QPSK signals.
(06 Marks)

OR
6 a. With a neat block diagram, explain the non-coherent detection of binary frequency shift
keying technique. (04 Marks)
b. Derive an expression for probability of error of binary frequency shift keying technique.
Also draw the block diagrams of BFSK transmitter and coherent receiver. (10 Marks)
c. For the binary sequence given by 10010011, illustrate the operation of DPSK. (02 Marks)

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Module-4
7 a. With a neat block diagram of digital PAM system obtain the expression for inter symbol
interference (ISI). (06 Marks)
b. State and prove Nyquist condition for zero ISI. (06 Marks)
c. For the binary data sequence {d n} given by 11101001. Determine the precoded sequence,
transmitted sequence, received sequence and the decoded sequence. (04 Marks)

OR
8 a. Explain the design of band limited signals with controlled ISI. (10 Marks)
b. What is a zero forcing equalizer? With a neat block diagram, explain the operation of linear
transversal filter. (06 Marks)

Module-5
9 a. Explain the model of a spread spectrum digital communication system. (06 Marks)
b. Explain the generation and demodulation of direct sequence spread spectrum signals with
necessary equation and block diagram. (07 Marks)
c. Write a note on low detectability signal transmission as an application of direct sequence
spread spectrum. (03 Marks)

OR
10 a. With a neat block diagram, explain the frequency hopped spread spectrum. (07 Marks)
b. Explain the effect of despreading on a Narrow band interference in direct sequence spread
spectrum systems. A direct sequence spread spectrum signal is designed to have the power
ratio PR/PN at the intended receiver is 10-2. If the desired Eb/No = 10 for acceptable
performance, determine the minimum value of processing gain. (06 Marks)
c. Write a note on code division multiple access as an application of direct sequence spread
spectrum. (03 Marks)

*****

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