Lecture-1

Course Plan / Outline

A. Course Information
1. Course Title: Differential Calculus and Integral Calculus
2. Course Code: Math 1113
3. Prerequisite: None
4. Semester: 1st Year Odd
5. Credit: 3.00
6. Class Hours: Three Hours per Week

B. Instructors’ Details
1. Name of the Instructor: Dr. Md. Helal Uddin Molla and Md. Zahangir Alam
2. Designation: Professor and Assistant Professor
3. Office Room: 221 and 226, Mathematics Department, RUET.
4. Contact Number: +8801730875698 and +8801722905846
5. Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
6. Weblink: https://www.math.ruet.ac.bd/helalmathru, https://www.math.ruet.ac.bd/zahangiramth
7. Consultation Hours:

C. Course Rationale
Differential and Integral Calculus has become one of the most important courses in which one can be gain
knowledge about function, limit, continuity, differentiability, expansion of a function, successive
differentiation, Partial differentiation, maxima and minima of a function at any point, tangent and normal,
Asymptotes, curvature and curve tracing. In this course one can also gain knowledge about integration by
various methods indefinite and definite integrals, beta and gamma function, area and volume of various curves,
surface of revolution and Multiple Integration .

D. Course Content
Differential calculus: Limit, Continuity and Differentiability. Differentiation of explicit and implicit function
and parametric equations. Significance of derivatives, Differentials, Successive differentiation of various type
of functions. Leibnitz’s theorem, Rolle’s theorem, mean value theorem. Taylor's theorem in finite and infinite
forms. Maclaurin’s theorem in finite and infinite forms. Lagrange’s form of remainders. Cauehy’s form of
remainder. Expansion of functions by differentiation and integration. Partial differentiation, Euler's theorem.
Tangent and Normal, maxima and minima, Points of inflection and their applications. Evaluation of
indeterminate forms by L’Hospital rule, curvature, evaluate and inviolate. Asymptotes, Envelopes, Curve
tracing.
Integral Calculus: Definitions of integration, integration by the method of substitutions, Integration by the
method of successive reduction. Definite integrals. Beta function and gamma function. Area under a plane
curve in Cartesian and Polar coordinates. Area of the region enclosed by two curves in Cartesian and Polar
coordinates. Parametric and Pedal equations. Intrinsic equation. Volumes of solids of revolution. Volume of
hollow solids of revolution by shell method. Area of surface of revolution, Multiple Integration.

Text Books
1. Differential and Integral Calculus, B.C. Dass and B.N. Mukherjee
2. An Elementary Treatise on the Differential Calculus, Joseph Edwards
3. Integral Calculus with Application, A.K. Hazra
Assessment and Marks Distribution
Students will be assessed on the basis of their overall performance in all the exams (class tests, final exam,
assignments, projects, and presentations. Final numeric reward will be the compilation of:
1. Continuous Assessment (Class Tests, Assignments, Projects, Presentations, etc.): (40%)
a. Class Tests: (20%)
b. Attendance (10%)
c. Others i.e., Assignments/Projects/Presentations: (10%)
2. Final Exam: (60%)

Chapter-1: Function
1. Define function, even, odd and monotone function.

Function: A function is a relation between dependent and independent variables.

Example: (i) f ( x)  x 2  2 . (ii) y  2 x  1
Odd and Even functions: A function f (x ) is said to be odd if it changes sign with the change of sign of the
variable x that is if f (  x )   f ( x ) and A function f (x ) is said to be even if it does not changes sign
with the change of sign of the variable x that is if f (  x )  f ( x ) .
Examples: (i) f ( x)  x 3 is odd function and (ii) f ( x)  x 2 is even function.

Home Work: Determine odd or even of the following functions:

1
(i) f ( x)  ( 2 x  2  x ) ,
2
(ii) f ( x )  (1  5 x  7 x 2 )  (1  5 x  7 x 2 ) ,
 2 x
(iii) f ( x)  Log  ,
 2 x
(iv) f ( x)  Log ( x  1  x 2 ) ,

Monotone functions: Let, x1 , x2 be any two points such that x1  x2 in the interval of definition of a

function f (x ) , then f (x ) is said to be monotonically increasing if f ( x1 )  f ( x2 ) and monotonically

decreasing if f ( x1 )  f ( x2 ).
x
Example 1: Show that f ( x)  is monotone ascending, x  0.
x 1
x
Solution: Given f ( x)  , x  0.
x 1
Now, for any two points x1 and x2 where, x1  0, x2  0.
x1 x
f ( x1 )  and f ( x2 )  2
x1  1 x2  1

x1 x
 f ( x1 )  f ( x2 )   2
x1  1 x2  1

2
 x1 x2  x1  x1 x2  x2 x1  x2
 
x1  1x2  1 x1  1x2  1
If x1  x2 then x1  x2  0

so, f ( x1 )  f ( x2 )  0

or, f ( x1 )  f ( x2 ) , Hence f (x ) is monotone ascending/increasing.

Example 2: Show that ,𝑓(𝑥) = + + ⋯⋯⋯+ is monotone descending, x  0.

Solution: Given 𝑓(𝑥) = + + ⋯⋯⋯+ , x  0.

Now, for any two points x1 and x2 where, x1  0, x2  0.

𝑓(𝑥 ) = + + ⋯⋯⋯+

and 𝑓(𝑥 ) = + + ⋯⋯⋯+

 1 1   1 1   1 1 
 f ( x1 )  f ( x2 )                
 x1  1 x2  1   x1  2 x2  2   x1  n x2  n 

 x2  x1   x2  x1   x2  x1 
            

 1 x  1 x 2  1   1  x  2  x 2  2   
 1 x  n  x 2  n  

 1   1   1 
  x2  x1            
  x1  1x2  1    x1  2x2  2    x1  n  x2  n  
If x1  x2 then x2  x1  0

so, f ( x1 )  f ( x2 )  0

or, f ( x1 )  f ( x2 ) , Hence f (x ) is monotone descending/decreasing.

x
 1
Home Work: Example 3. Show that f ( x)  1   , x  0 , is monotone ascending.
 x