Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Mobile legend is a mobile game that many people loved to play these days and also, we

all know that it is really popular right now not only in our country but also, to other countries

around the world. Mobile Legends is one of the most popular entertainment activities around the

world. Teenagers who play these games said that they play these games just to enjoy, get away

from the heat of the sun, without knowing that playing these games has many more effects than

they think. According to Benny (2018), playing mobile legends can cause loss of productivity to

all people who enjoyed playing this. They may play it for hours in a row, but we must know that

probably doing it every other day will take a lot of our times. So, students just want to play a

mobile legend instead of concentrating on the task that they must doing. It sounds inoffensive but

those days that they put so much of their time in just playing mobile legends and having no time

for study cause a lot of wasted time. Since, the time mobile legend was released many students

were hook in playing this game. Specifically, it can affect the academic performance of the

students.

As stated by Benny (2018), there are positive effects of playing mobile legends such as

improving brain functions and can be a stress relieved. Mobile legends are the same and they

have many benefits that are very powerful for brain, learning, stress-reliever, and attention a

vision. Ferguson (2007) mentioned that there are also negative effects of playing mobile legends.

Majority of this research has been focused on its negative impact: the potential harm related to

aggression, addiction, and depression. It is likely that is focus will not diminish in the near future
in part because of the enormous media attention garnered when mass killings are associated with

Grade 11 students who play mobile legends.

Students who played mobile legends these days are expected to have an impact or effects

to their Academic Performance either it is bad or good effects for them. This is one of the topic

that really talks by many because they saw that Mobile Legends is very trending right now

especially, for the young teenagers around the world. As students are immersed in this mobile

games, their focused is now divided between these games and their academic performance.

The researcher believed that the study will help school department in determining of the

effects of mobile legend to the academic performance of the grade 11 students. It will give them

some information and knowledge about the result also, their knowledge will expand about this

topic.

Background of the Study

The study entitled “Effects of Mobile Legends in Academic Performance of Grade 11

students in (HCEC) SY 2021-2022” was conducted at Headwaters Colleges-Elizabeth Campus

during the school year 2021-2022.

This research seeks to tackle the effects of mobile legends to the academic performance

of Grade 11 learners from HCEC. This study aims to contribute an awareness and give some of

the knowledge to the teachers in HCEC (Headwaters College-Elizabeth Campus) regarding to

the effects of mobile legends to academic performance of the grade 11 students.

This study is open for all grade 11 learners who enrolled in HCEC. The researcher

believed that they are the one who are appropriate and suits to the researcher needed data.

Statement of the Problem

 The general question of the study is: What are the effects of mobile legends in academic

performance of grade 11 students?

It also sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the positive effect of mobile legends in academic performance of grade 11 students?

2. What is the negative effect of mobile legends in academic performance of grade 11 students?

3. How is the academic performance of Grade 11 students?

4. How mobile legends affect the academic performance of grade 11 students?

Hypothesis

There is a significant relationship between the effects of mobile legends and academic

performance of grade 11 students in the HCEC (Headwaters College Elizabeth Campus).

Significance of the Study

The study focused on explaining the effects of mobile legends to the grade 11 students in

their academic performance. The study will be useful in the field of education. It shows the

evaluation of mobile legends effects to the academic performance of grade 11 students.

This result and findings of the study will be beneficial to the following:

For the Students, the study will help them to identify and determine if the mobile legends

have an effects to their academic performance as a student. Also, they can share some

experiences and knowledge about using or playing mobile legends and about the effects of this to

their academic performance.

For the Respondents, the respondents will be aware on the importance of having a

knowledge about the effects of mobile legends to the academic performance. Also, this will lead

to some improvement to their performance.

 For the Teachers, the study will let them be aware regarding to the effects of mobile

legends to their students’ performance in academic. The study will let them have an idea what

they can do to help the students about the mobile legend effects. They can give some advice and

guide their students.

For the School Administrations, the result of the study will provide an assessment

whether if the mobile legends have an effects to the academic performance either it is positive or

negative. It will let them be aware on the performance of the students. This may also encourage

them to think a solution just like activities that can help the students to be aware about the effect

that can brought by mobile legends.

For the Parent/Guardian, the result of the study will enable them to guide their children

about using mobile legends. Also, to know how would they said to their children that there will

be limitations and proper time to used mobile legends and must focus more on their

responsibilities. Through this study they can think a solution and guide their children.

Lastly, for the Future Researchers, they can use this study in the future to have more

knowledge about this topic and it can be their guide. Also, the finding of the study will serve as a

reference material and a guide for future researchers who wish to conduct the same experimental

study or any study related to mobile legends and academic.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study aims to identify the “Effects of Mobile Legend in the Academic Performance

of Grade 11 Students in (HCEC) SY 2021-2022.” The researcher of this study want to identify

and determine if the Mobile Legends has an effects to the Academic Performance of the students.
 There are nine hundred (900) Grade 11 students who are currently enrolled in the HCEC

for the school year 2021-2022 but, the study will be limited only to one hundred thirty-five (135)

students only who plays Mobile Legends.

The respondents of this study were limited only to the Grade 11 Students who are playing

mobile games specifically, Mobile Legends. In order to know, the effects of this mobile games to

their Academic Performance as a student of HCEC. Junior High School, Grade 12 SHS, The

Principal and the other school officials especially the utilities are not included because they do

not have any connection in this study.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are defined conceptually and operationally:

Academic – It is used to describe things that is related to school, colleges, and

universities, or connected with studying and thinking, not with practical skills (Cambridge

Dictionary ,2022). The researcher uses this term as the responsibilities of the students and what

they’ve gained as a student.

Effects – It is something that is produced, caused, results and consequence. This is

something that inevitably follows an antecedent (such as a cause) (Meriam Webster,2020). The

researcher uses this term to this study as the results of playing mobile legends by the students in

HCEC either it is positive or negative effects to their performance.

Mobile Legend – It is a mobile game that is listed as an action, because it is highly

ranked in several countries, and us also one of the most popular apps in google play with more

than 100 million installs. (Dictionary, 2020). The researcher uses this term as one of the mobile

games that is where most of the students were got addicted while playing this games.
 Performance – It is a movement that technically correct and is performed individually

by a team to achieve a target task (Cambridge Dictionary, 2016). The researcher uses this term as

the performance of the students to their academic.

Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES

The review of related literature and studies includes the general concept and the summary

of finding of related literatures and related studies which are relevant to the present study.

Foreign Literatures

The researcher consulted and research different foreign books, articles and journals with

regards to the said topic. The researchers gained different ideas about mobile legends as an

online game that will surely give strong supporting details to the present study. The consulted

books article and journals gave different ideas such as purpose, definition, rules, instructions and

the advantages as well.

According to Dachary (2019), the history of online gaming includes contributions by

many different companies and entities. Online gaming began as multiplayer gaming, but has

evolved to include online gaming servers and massively-multiplayer online gaming setting. It is

very true because as we can see in the present and our generation right now, online gaming is
evolving and keep changes through the years. And one of the very relevant online games these

days is the Mobile Legends.

According to Fervin (2019), mobile legend is very popular in this modern era. Students

today are extremely vulnerable to the enormous influence of technology. They play a larger role

in the mobile legend than in their school performance or academic matters. Knowing that this has

a significant impact on students' academic performance. Many students were influenced by

playing mobile legends once you became addicted to it. The researcher was triggered to find out

where the students will be when they unceasingly connected regarding on this topic.

It is concluded that playing online Mobile Legends has a significant impact on students'

academic performance. The study's findings emphasize the significance of the factors students'

amount of time spent playing online mobile games at home and the most commonly played

online mobile game at school. The students' poor academic performance was linked to their

participation in online mobile legends. (Hazel, 2018)

Foreign Studies

Performance of the students in academic is a must and we all know how important it is.

As a student, I know that the performance in academic these days is a must because it is the

results of your hard work. That’s why it is important to see all of the academic performance of

all grade 11 students. So, we can have observed and evaluate how’s the performance of them

either it is good or bad because this study will help the students to be informed and have a

knowledge about this topic.

As stated by Vlachopoulos and Makri (2017), they identify three learning outcomes when

integrating games into the learning process: cognitive, behavioral, and affective. As a final step,
the authors consolidate evidence for the benefit of academics and practitioners in higher

education interested in the efficient use of games and simulations for pedagogical purposes. Such

evidence also provides potential options and pathways for future research.

Breus (2006) mentioned that more and more research studies demonstrate that daytime

sleepiness from chronic sleep deprivation and poor quality sleep has significant impacts on

daytime behavior and academic performance, as well as concentration, attention, and mood.

Even 20 fewer minutes of needed sleep may significantly affect behavior in many areas

especially those grade 11 students.

Kuzma (2004) Children needs positive attention. Criticism, complaining and negative

comments are discouraging and often result in more misbehavior. But encouragement, optimism

and positive strokes are to kids as fertilizer is to plants. It’s the stuff that really makes them

flourish as Rudolf Dreikers statement that ―each child needs continuous encouragement just as

a plant needs water.

Local Literature

Playing an online game specifically to the mobile legends is very known worldwide and

always the talk of the town. Most of the people who play Mobile Legends, thinks that when

playing they tend to have a time where they can forget their problems in their life. As well, they

can enjoy, find peace and be relax through this online games. However, I realized that most of

the people who are playing mobile legends are students. We all know as a student we have more

responsibilities that we must do before anything else especially, the education and the study of

the student. It is not bad playing mobile legends but we must know how you must moderate

playing games and your academic performance as a student. It must be balanced well.
 Playing mobile games is beneficial, according to Castillo (2017). It allows players' minds

to be more active, especially those who play mobile games. Furthermore, it aids the player in

making decisions in stressful situations, particularly in mobile legend games that require the

player to be alert, active, and strategic. Students learn in unexpected ways, but inappropriate use

of online games causes some issues, such as being distracted at school. Furthermore, it is where

the child's attention is divided that their health and social life are unknowingly affected

especially their performance in academic as a student.

Bachhuber and Saulnier (2012) mentioned that playing online games is an effective way

of enhancing a student’s reading comprehension. Through formative testing, they found out that

online games can help a student improve his/her grammar, vocabulary and comprehension

because they can have an interactive way to learn English or any other language.

According to Ablen, Bayden, and Vallente (2020), it helps students exercise their minds

and encourages them to explore the internet, while others play it for pure entertainment. It allows

players to be more productive, especially when playing mobile legend games. Despite these

advantages, playing this online game becomes a necessity in their lives because it consumes a

large portion of the player's time, leaving school activities and homework unattended. Academic

performance is not receiving the necessary attention. Thus, mobile legends have an impact on

students' academic performance, both positively and negatively.

In other words, the mobile legends have a big impact or effects to the life of students

because it greatly changes the way of their life. It helps students but also brought negative effects

of the students.

Local Study
 Online gaming is one of the growing area of research interest by many people around the

world. There has been a significant increase in the number of studies examining various aspects

of problematic online mobile legend to students since the early 2000s. That is why education is

so important; it should be our first investment and priority. Many teachers, parents, and netizens

have repeatedly called for a tighter grip on mobile legend. The protesters primarily focused on

how the trend is causing students to become distracted from their studies.

According to Bustamante's (2020) research, mobile legend has a significant impact on

their academic performance, leading to poor or low grades as well as physical distress. The

majority of respondents responded and agreed that online games had a negative impact on their

studies and health. They discovered that the students are unable to focus on their studies and

have a low grade.

According to Carillo and De los Santos (2020), playing mobile legends has a significant

impact on the academic performance of students. They are emphasizing the significance of the

factors students' amount of time spent playing this game at home and the commonly played at

school. As a result, they discovered that the students' poor academic performance was linked to

their participation in mobile legends.  

Overall, based on the studies that we gathered, we can say that a large number of students

who play mobile legends may have a negative impact on their academic performance. Besides

which, students, teachers, and parents must be aware of the effects of playing mobile legends and

students must know that they should limit the amount of time they spend playing games because

it can interfere with their ability to focus on their studies. Students should be disciplined when it

comes to playing mobile legends. They can play this games but, they must perform satisfactorily

in their studies, and it should take priority over higher and more realistic priorities.
Relevant of the Reviewed Related Literatures and Studies to the Present Study

The series of this studies and literatures are written by the foreign and local authors. This

chapter will discuss the concept or narrative information that related to this study. All of the

studies and literature are gathered to support this study and the researchers will identify or

determine the effects of mobile legends and the academic performance of all the students.

The following authors stated about the mobile legends as an online game that was used

by many people are namely: Dachary, Fervin & Hazel. They discussed here the history of online

gaming and how it has evolved into a vast industry over the years. It is very relevant to the

present study because we can see in the present that online gaming is evolving and changing over

time. We all know that Mobile Legends is one of the most popular online games these days.

They stated that mobile legend is one of the most popular mobile games in this generation. They

believed that students today are extremely vulnerable and easily influenced by technology. They

have the larger role in the mobile legend than they do in their schoolwork or academics.

The following researchers identified the academic performance of students are namely:

Bruz, Kuzma, Makri, and Vlachopoulos. They analyzed in their study what they had observed

and evaluated the academic performance of the students, whether it was good or bad, because

this study will help the students to be informed and have knowledge about this topic. They stated

that students can benefit from academics and practitioners in higher education who are interested

in the effective use of games and simulations for pedagogical purposes. Such evidence also

suggests potential avenues and options for future research. They also see that the pressure that

have been put to the students affect their performance in their academic. More researched

became an evidence that it influenced the daytime sleepiness from chronic sleep deprivation and
poor quality sleep has significant impacts on daytime behavior and academic performance, as

well as concentration, attention, and mood. 

The following authors indicated the effects of mobile legends to the students are namely:

Ablen, Bachhuber, Bayden, Castillo, Saulnier, and Vallente. They explained that playing online

games, specifically Mobile Legends, allows players' minds to be more active, particularly those

who play mobile games. What's more, is it helps the player make decisions in stressful situations,

which is especially important in mobile legend games where the player must be alert, active, and

strategic. However, it is where the child's attention is divided that their health and social life are

unknowingly impacted, particularly their academic performance as a student.

The authors stated the different effects of mobile legends on the academic performance of

the students are namely: Bustamante, Carillo and De los Santos. They revealed that mobile

legend has a significant impact on a student's academic performance, resulting in a poor or low

grades as well as physical distress. They also noticed that a greater number of students were

playing mobile legends and realized that this could have a negative impact on the students'

academic performance. Furthermore, students, teachers, and parents must be aware of the

consequences of playing mobile legends, and students must understand that they should limit the

amount of time they spend playing games because it can interfere with their ability to focus on

their studies. When it comes to playing mobile legends, students must be disciplined.

This studies and literature that we gathered is relevant to this current study because it discusses

and addresses what mobile legends are, what academic performance is, and the effects of mobile

legends on students and their academic performance. The effects of mobile legends on student

academic performance that we gather in this chapter will serve as supporting details or

information for developing a questionnaire. This chapter will assist all students in determining
whether or not their academic performance is going well and how playing mobile legends can

affect their life as a student as well as their academic performance.

Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Effects of Mobile Gathering Effects of Mobile

Legend Examination Legend in the
Academic Explanation Academic
Performance of Performance of
Grade 11 Students Grade 11 Students
in Headwaters
Colleges Elizabeth
Campus SY 2021-
2022

FEEDBACK

Figure 1: Conceptual Framework

Figure 1, it shows the Input-Process-Output Model of the study: The Input includes

the Effects of Mobile Legend and the Academic Performance of Grade 11 Students. Next, the
Process shows the gathering, examination and explanation through the study. And lastly,

Output is consisting of the title which is the Effects of Mobile Legend in the Academic

Performance of Grade 11 Students in Headwaters Colleges Elizabeth Campus SY 2021-2022